A Novel Resonant LLC Soft-Switching Buck Converter
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1 Novel Resonan C Sof-Swiching Buck Convee Masoud Jabbai Elecical Engineeing Depaen, Najafabad Banch, slaic zad Univesiy sfahan, an Masuod.jabbai@gail.co Habib Kazei Elecical Engineeing Depaen, Najafabad Banch, slaic zad Univesiy sfahan, an Habib_kazeii@yahoo.co 3 Nahid heaian Elecical Engineeing Depaen, Najafabad Banch, slaic zad Univesiy sfahan, an Msheaian@yahoo.co 4 Ghazanfa Shahgholian Elecical Engineeing Depaen, Najafabad Banch, slaic zad Univesiy sfahan, an Shahgholian@iaun.ac.i bsac a new C esonan DC DC buck convee is pesened. The eployed uli-esonan ank povides sofswiching condiions fo all seiconduco devices independen fo he opeaing volages and he load cuen. The poposed convee enjoys useful advanages such as low eleen coun, uncondiional sof swiching opeaion, self sho-cicui poecion, high efficiency and low EM. Cicui analysis and ipoan elaions ae pesened in his pape. Expeienal esuls fo a 60W laboaoy pooype confi he pesened heoeical analysis. Keywods buck convee; sof-swiching; DC-DC convee; ; powe supply.. NTRODUCTON Sof-swiching convees have been widely eployed fo DC-DC powe convesion because a sof-swiching condiions, swiching losses and elecoagneic inefeence (EM ae educed. Moeove, swiching fequency can be inceased o enhance he convee powe densiy. This condiion is coonly aained by zeo-volage swiching (ZS o zeo cuen-swiching ( []-[5]. Resonan convees ae a faily of sof-swiching convees in which enegy is ansfeed hough a high fequency esonan ank, and swiching is pefoed a zeocossing insans of he swiches cuen o volage. seies esonan C ank is he siples newok which is eployed in he esonan convees o povide []-[8]. The ain advanage of his convee (seies esonan convee, SRC is ajo size educion of he passive coponens. Fuhe esonan newoks such as C, CC, ec. ae also poposed howeve he nube of eleens is inceased and he syse possesses coplicaed chaaceisics []-[5]. s a nonisolaed convee, a esicion of he convenional esonan convees is he equieen of a full-wave ecifie which deaches he coon gound of he load and souce. This is in addiion o he inceased nube of eleens and conducion losses. new faily of esonan convees so-called swichedesonao convees is poposed in [8]. Based on he enioned geneal schee in [8], his pape pesens a new esonan sep-down convee shown in Fig.. n his convee, passive coponens include a high fequency esonan C ank and a fileing capacio a he oupu. condiion is achieved a boh un-on and un-off swiching insans independen of he load-cuen and opeaing volages. Copaing wih he HB-SRC, no only he poposed convee has hee powe diodes less, which esuls in lowe conducion losses and lowe pice, bu also i is suiable fo non-isolaed applicaions. Moeove, he induco placed in seies wih Q and Q inhibis ceaion of spiky cuen poduced in he convenional bidge as due o he sevee evese ecovey poble of he swiches ani-paallel diodes. Expeienal esuls fo a 60W/50kHz pooype veify he inegiy of opeaion and he pesened heoeical analysis.. BUCK CONERTOR NYSS The poposed buck convee showing in Fig. consiss of wo swiches (Q, Q, a esonan C newok (,, and C, he ecifying diode (D, and he oupu fileing capacio (C. The convee has five opeaing odes as illusaed in Fig.. To siplify, i is assued he convee is in seady sae, all swiching devices and passive eleens ae ideal, and he oupu capacio C is lage enough such ha he oupu volage is consan duing one swiching cycle. S d Q i i d Q i q C + D v C Fig. Poposed buck convee R + O _ /4/$ EEE 370
2 The following quaniies ae defined. +, ( ω, f C π C ( Z, C, s v R, Z i o (3 s s Z (4 Figs.3 shows he seady-sae wavefos. The iniial cuens of all inducos ae zeo and he iniial volage of he esonan capacio C is o. The opeaing odes ae as follows. Mode ( 0 - Pio o 0, he cuen of is zeo, hen Q is uned on a 0 unde he condiion and C chages hough a esonance wih and up o S - O. he end of his ode, he cuen of Q eaches zeo and heefoe his swich is uned off a. ( ( ( sin ω 0 (5 ( ( ( cos ω 0 (6 ( - (3 ( 0 (4 Mode ( - 3 By eaching v o zeo a he diode D is fowad biased a ZS and he soed agneic enegy in is deliveed o he oupu duing his ode. By eaching i o zeo a 3, he swich Q and he diode D ae boh uned off a Z. Duing his ode, v says consan a zeo. ω ( + ( 3 (5 ( 3 0 (6 (- 3 ω (7 ( 3 0 (8 T 0 (7 ( ( (8 ( 0 (9 Mode Mode Mode ( -, Q is uned on a and a esonance sas beween C and which dischages C hough and delives powe o he oupu. he esonance volage v eaches zeo. Mode Mode ( ω sin ( ( + ( ω cos ( π cos ω (0 ( ( Mode Fig. Equivalen cicuis of he poposed buck convee 37
3 Mode ( 3-4 3, he ani-paallel diode of Q (d, is fowad biased a ZS and hen he volage polaiy of C eveses via a esonance wih. 4, he esonance volage v eaches o and d is uned off a. ω sin ( 3 ω cos ( 3 4 (9 (0 T 3 ( ( 4 ( o ( 4 0 (3 Mode ( 4-5 Duing his ode, all seiconduco devices ae off and he load is supplied by he oupu capacio (dead ie. By conolling he duaion of his ode, he convee volage gain is deeined. Q Q. OTGE GN seady sae, he convee volage gain can be calculaed by saisfying he enegy consevaion pinciple as (4. By subsiuing (5 in (4 and siplifying, (5 is obained in which f s /T s is he swiching fequency and f is he esonan fequency. o i s q d Ts T s R (4 fs S. π f (5 n absence of dead-ie (Mode, he swiching fequency is a axiu and hus axiu volage gain is also aained which is defined by. The iniu swiching peiod is defined as T which is obained as (6. By subsiuing f s T in (4, (7 is aained, wheein, in fac, is a funcion of. This equaion is equied fo convee design. Fo 0 and, agains /π is skeched in Fig. 4. T T + + cos (6 π π + π + ( cos (7 oupu sho cicuied, is zeo and hus accoding o (6 T goes infiniy. Since T is he shoes swiching peiod, powe ansfeing is auoaically sopped when he oupu is sho-cicuied (self sho-cicui poecion. i q i q i 0.4 Maxiu 0.3 volage gain ( O T T S S - O Noalized load(/π Fig. 4 Maxiu aainable volage gain agains /π Fig. 3 Seady-sae key wavefos 37
4 . DESGN PROCEDURE The paaee can be used as one degee of feedo fo aaining he axiu of efficiency. Conside a 60W pooype convee wih he following specificaions:. npu volage, s55 ±0%. Oupu volage, O 48±% 3. Resonan fequency, F 50kHz 4. nd wih 0% ovedesign Sep - Deeining : The cuve of efficiency vesus is skeched in Fig.5. This figue is he esul of siulaion wih Pspice sofwae. ccoding o his figue, by choosing 0.8 he efficiency is se a axiu. Sep - Deeining Z : is obained by subsiuing 48/ ( in (7, hen accoding o (3,.5 is obained whee R o /P ou,ax is he load esisance. By applying 0% ovedesign Z 3.Ω is obained. Then, C 46nF, 4.9μH, 9.6μH ae calculaed. Sep 3- The esonan ank chaaceisics angula fequency ω deeines swiching fequency and should be asceained by consideing he echnology of he eployed swiches. Efficiency (η 94.4 η ax a TBE : Sof-swiching opeaion Mode Q Q Tun on- Tun off- Tun on - D. CONCUSONS new C esonan buck convee is pesened. n he poposed convee, he inpu and oupu einals possess coon gound and all seiconduco devices, opeae unde sof-swiching condiion which esul in incease of efficiency and powe densiy and decease of EM. Modal analysis, ipoan equaions and design pocedue ae pesened. Expeienal esuls fo a 60W laboaoy pooype veify he poposed convee opeaion. Q: TURN-ON Q: TURN- Q: TURN-ON ON Tun on - ZS Tun off- Z Tun off- Z Q : GS Q : GS Q : DS Q: TURN Q : DS nducance aio ( Fig. 5 Maxiu aainable efficiency agains. EXPERMENT RESUTS pooype of he poposed buck convee is ipleened, and he wavefos ae pesened o veify he heoeical analysis. npu and oupu volages ae 55 and 48, especively. The ain and auxiliay swiches ae RF640 (00, R DS(ON 0.8Ω, diode is MUR840 (400 and he oupu capacio is 00uF. The passive eleens ae C 46nF, 4.9μH, 9.6μH. Boh induco coes ae feie ype, and he esonan capacio is MKP ype (ealized polyehylene. The wavefos of Q and Q ae pesened in Fig. 6. ll seiconduco devices opeae unde sof-swiching condiions (TBE. guad-ie equal o 400ns exiss beween Q un-off and Q un-on. The convee efficiency is easued geae han 94%. Fig. 6 Pacical Resuls, especively fo he op: GS of Q (5/div, GS of Q (5/div, DS of Q (50/div, DS of Q (50/div, q (00/div, q (00/div, (00/div and (50/div. Tie scale5μs/di q q 373
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