PAPER-I I.E.S-(OBJ) of 15

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1 I.E.S-(OBJ) 00 of 5 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PAPER-I. Digial daa acquisiion sysems ae used. Only when he oupu of he ansduces is in digial fom. When physical pocess being monioed is slowly vaying (naow bandwidh) 3. When low accuacy can be oleaed 4. When high accuacy and low pe channel cos is equied Which of hese saemens ae coec?, and 3, 3 and 4 and 3 and 4. Mach lis I wih lis II and selec he coec answe: Lis I (Tems) A. Pecision B. Accuacy C. Resoluion D. Saic sensiiviy Lis II (Is meaning). The smalles change in he inpu quaniy which can be deeced wih is ceainy. Closeness of he eading wih is ue value 3. Measue of epoducibiliy of he measuemens 4. Raio of infiniesimal change in oupu o infiniesimal change in inpu The moden sandad of ime is A second defined as /86,400 of a mean sola day A second defined as ime consan of an RC seies cicui having R = M, C = 500 pf A second which is duaion of peiods of adiaion coesponding o he ansiion beween he wo hypefine levels of he fundamenal sae of he aom cesium 33. A second defined as / of he ime equied by he eah o obi he sun in he yea Mach Lis I (Eo paamees) wih lis II (Values) and selec he coec answe: (a is he sandad deviaion of Gaussian eo): Lis I A. Pecision index B. Pobable eo C. Eo limi D. Pak pobabiliy densiy of eo Lis II / / Mach Lis I wih Lis II and selec he coec answe: Lis I (Bidge) A. Maxwell s bidge B. Hay s bidge C. Scheing bidge D. Wien bidge Lis II (Paamee o be measued). Fequency. Inducance of medium Q-coils ( < Q < 0) 3. Inducance of high-q coils (Q> 0) 4. Capaciance Which of he following ae he chaaceisics of a hemocouple ype of indicaing insumen?

2 . Is accuacy is vey high, as high as abou pecen.. I has a linea scale because a d Asonval movemen is used fo measuing he oupu. 3. I is an RF insumen and can be used fo fequency up o abou 50 MHz. 4. I canno be damaged by oveloads. and and 3 3 and 4 and 3 7. Conside he following equaions which can be deived fom he ac bidges shown in he Figue I and Figue II by assuming L/L = 0. and R = wl:. v0 v0. v0 0.05v s 3. v0 0.v s 4. v0 0.05v s 5. v0 0.v s The coec deived equaions fom hese figues of ac bidges ae,3 and 4,4 and 5 and 5, 3 and 5 8. Which one of he following saemens coecly epesens he pos acceleaion in a Cahode-Ray Tube? I povides deflecion of he beam I inceases he bighness of he ace if he signal fequency is highe han 0 MHz I acceleaes he beam befoe deflecion I inceases he bighness of he ace of low fequency signal of 5 9. If he Q-faco of a coil is measued by vaying he fequency, hen The plo beween Q and fequency is linea The value of Q iniially deceases wih incease of fequency and afewads i will incease wih incease of fequency The value of Q iniially inceases wih incease of fequency and afewads i will decease wih incease of fequency The Q-faco emains consans iespecive of value of fequency 0. Conside he following saemens: The value of eah esisance depends upon. Shape of elecode. Deph o which he elecode is diven ino eah 3. Specific esisance of soil 4. Maeial of elecode Which of he following saemens is coec?,,3 and 4,3 and 4 and, 3 and 4. Which of he following eleconic insumens (o equipmen) can be used o measue coecly he fundamenal fequency componen of a wavefom and is highe hamonics?. Cahode ay oscilloscope. Vacuum ube volmee 3. Specum analyze 4. Disoion faco mee Selec he coec answe using he codes given below: and and 3 3 and 4 and 4. In a single-phase powe faco mee; he conolling oque is Povided by sping conol Povided by gaviy conol Povided by siffness of suspension No equied 3. Which one of he following ansduces can be used fo measuemen of pessues as high as 00,000 amosphee? Mcleod gauge Piani gauge Bidgman gauge

3 Knudsen gauge 4. A dc cicui can be epesened by an inenal volage souce of 50 V wih an oupu esisance of 00 k. In ode o achieve accuacy bee han 99% fo volage measuemen acoss is eminals, he volage measuing device should have a esisance of a leas 0 M M 0 k k 5. Conside he following blocks diagams: Which of hese block diagams can be educed o ansfe funcion Cs G? Rs GG and 3 and 4 and 4 and 3 6. In elecodynamomee ype wa mees, he inducance of pessue coil poduces eo. The eo is Consan iespecive of he powe faco of he load Highe a highe powe faco loads Highe a lowe powe faco loads Highes a uniy powe faco loads 7. An analogue volage signal whose highes significan fequency is khz is o be coded wih a esoluion of 0.0 pecen fo a volage ange of 0 0 V. The minimum sampling fequency and he minimum numbe of bis should especively be 3 of 5 khz and khz and 4 khz and khz and 4 8. An ac volmee using full-wave ecificaion and having a sinusoidal inpu has an ac sensiiviy equal o.44 imes dc sensiiviy dc sensiiviy 0.90 imes dc sensiiviy imes dc sensiiviy 9. Conside he following saemens in connecion wih measuemen of empeaue:. A hemiso is highly sensiive as compaed wih plainum esisance hemomee.. The esisance of a hemiso is solely a funcion of is absolue empeaue whehe he souce of hea is exenal, inenal o boh. 3. A hemiso has linea esisance empeaue chaaceisics. 4. Mos hemisos exhibi negaive esisance empeaue coefficien. Which of hese saemens ae coec?, and 3, and 4,3 and 4,3 and 4 0. Time division muliplexing is used when he daa o be ansmied is Slow changing Of small bandwidh Slow changing and has a small bandwidh Fas changing and has a wide bandwidh. If an inducion ype enegy mee uns fas, i can be slowed down by Lag adjusmen Ligh load adjusmen Adjusing he posiion of baking magne and moving i close fom he cene of he disc Adjusing he posiion of baking magne and moving i away fom he cene of he disc. The cicui geneally used in digial insumens o conve sine waves ino ecangula pulses is a Saw ooh geneao Diffeenial amplifie Sample and hold cicui

4 Schmi igge 3. Specum analyze is a combinaion of Naow band supe heeodyne eceive and CR0 Signal geneao and CR0 Oscillao and wave analyze VTVM and CR0 4. Toal numbe of elecons ha can be accommodaed in vaious elecon saes in a valence band of a given solid is equal o Aomic numbe of he solid Half he numbe of aoms in he solid The numbe of aoms in he solid Twice he numbe of aoms in he solid 5. Conside he following popeies peaining o an alloy used as a pecision esiso:. Unifom esisance. Sable esisance 3. Zeo o low empeaue coefficien of esisiviy Which of hese popeies ae desiable?, and 3 and and 3 and 3 6. By inseing a slab of dielecic maeial beween he plaes of a paallel plae capacio, he enegy soed in he. capacio has inceased hee imes. The dielecic consan of he maeial is 9 3 /3 /9 7. When a dielecic is subjeced o an alenaing elecic field, of angula fequency, is powe loss is popoional o / / 8. Fo a given dielecic, wih incease in empeaue he ionic polaizabiliy Inceases Deceases Remains same Flucuaes 9. A piezoelecic cysal has an Young s modulus of 30 GP The uniaxial sess ha mus be applied o incease is polaizaion fom 500 o 50 C m - is 4 of 5.7GPa.8GPa.6 GPa.55 GPa 30. When empeaue bf a conduco is appoaching zeo Kelvin, he mean fee pah of he fee elecons in he conduco is popoional o T T 3 (/T) /3 /T 3 3. In a conduco of size 0 mm 0 mm 0 mm, he wavelengh of he slowes moving fee elecon is 5 mm l0 mm 0 mm 40 mm 3. The conduciviy of a conducing maeial on being subjec o ciical magneic field changes o Nomal sae Unsable sae Tempeaue-independen sae Tempeaue-dependen sae 33. A lage value of he exchange ineacion enegy in a feomagneic maeial implies Lage sauaion magneizaion High Cuie empeaue High meling poin Lage diamagneic suscepibiliy 34. Which one of he following pais is NOT coecly mached? Coppe : Diamagneic Sodium : Ani feomagneic Ion : Feomagneic Feie : Feomagneic 35. Feomagneic behavio is shown by hose ansiion meals whee he aio of he aomic diamee o 3d obial diamee is In he ange of 0.5 o In he ange of o.5 In he ange of.5 o Geae han 36. Feies can be consideed as mixed oxides of meals A and B having invese spinel sucue. Thei fomula can be wien as ABO A BO AB O 3 AB O 4

5 37. Mach Lis I (Magneic maeials) wih Lis (Main applicaions) and selec he coec answe: Lis I A. Ni-Zn feie B. Co-Sm alloy C. Yium Ion Gane D. Mg-Zn feie Lis II. Recoding head. Pemanen Magnes 3. Audio & TV ansfomes 4. Memoy coes 5. Micowave isolaos Fo a semiconduco, which one of he following saemens is NOT coec? When an elecon and a hole ecombine, enegy mus be libeaed Elecons in he conducion band can acquie a ne acceleaion fom a field because hee ae empy enegy levels available An elecon in he valence band canno be acceleaed by he field unless hee ae empy enegy levels available Holes canno be acceleaed by he field unless hee ae empy enegy levels available 39. Conside he following saemen: Exinsic semiconducos show high elecical conduciviy because he impuiies ae. Of high conduciviy. Highly mobile 3. Highly chaged Which of hese saemens ae NOT coec? and and 3 and 3, and Mach Lis I wih Lis II and selec he coec answe: Lis I A. Ga-As B. Nichome C. Quaz D. Si Lis II 5 of 5. Inegaed Cicui. Lase 3. Busba 4. Heaing elemen 5. Oscillao Conside he following enegy-momenum (E-k) cuves labelled as,, 3 and 4 of diffeen semiconducos: Ses of diec and indiec gap cuves ae especively (, ) and (3, 4) (, 4) and (,3) (, 3) and (, 4) (, 3) and (,4) 4. Mach Lis I (p - n juncion devices) wih Lis II (Applicaion) and selec he coec answe: Lis I

6 A. Zene Diode B. Pin Diode C. Tunnel Diode D. Vaaco Diode Lis II. Fas-swiching cicuis. Micowave swiches 3. Local oscillaos fo adas 4. Fequency convees 5. Volage egulaos The open cicui impedance of a ceain lengh of a lossless line is 00. The sho cicui impedance of he same line is also 00. The chaaceisic impedance of he line is / Asseion (A): The elaionship beween Magneic Veco poenial A and he Cuen densiy J in fee space is A 0J. Fo a magneic field in fee space due o a dc o slowly vaying cuen is A 0J Reason (R): Fo magneic field due o dc o slowly vaying cuen. A 0. D 45. Given ha H J Asseion (A): In he equaion, he D addiional em is necessay. Reason (R): The equaion will be consisen wih he pinciple of consevaion of chage. 6 of Asseion (A): When hee is no chage in he ineio of a conduco he elecic field inensiy is infinie. Reason (R): As pe Gauss s law he oal ouwad elecic flux hough any closed suface consiued inside he conduco mus vanish. 47. Asseion (A): The soluion o he wave equaion a he ciical diffacing condiion in a cysal yields sanding waves. Reason (R): Sanding waves have peiodic vaiaion boh in ampliude as well as in he elecon pobabiliy densiy in he cysal. 48. Asseion (A): Fo a sysem o be sable, all coefficiens of he chaaceisic polynomial mus be posiive. Reason(R): All posiive coefficiens of he chaaceisic polynomial of a sysem is a sufficien condiion fo sabiliy. 49. In he feedback sysem C(s), R(s) and D(s) ae he sysem oupu, inpu and disubance, especively Asseion (A): Fo he sysem CsRs Ds Gs R sds GsHs Reason (R): Tansfe funcion of a sysem is defined as he aio of oupu Lap lace ansfom and inpu Lap lace ansfom

7 seing ohe inpus and he iniial condiions o zeo. 50. Asseion (A): The numbe of sepaae loci of he closed loop sysem coesponding o Ks 4 GsHs is hee. sss3 Reason (R) : Numbe of sepaae loci is equal o numbe of finie poles of G(s) H(s) if he lae is moe han he numbe of finie zeos of G(s) H(s). 5. Asseion (A): The cuen in a consan inducive sysem does no change insananeously. Reason (R): In consan inducive sysem he flux linkage is conseved iniially. 5. Asseion (A): Equivalen newok obained fom Y ansfomaion elaionships in geneal is valid only fo one fequency. Reason (R): The impedances involved in Y vay wih fequency. 53. Asseion (A): Noon heoem is applied o a newok fo which no equivalen Thevenin s newok exiss. Reason (R): Noon s Theoem enables one o calculae quickly cuen and volage in a paicula banch of inees in a complicaed newok. 7 of Asseion (A): A uni cuen impulse applied o a capacio of C faads insanly inses /C Joules of enegy in i. Reason (R): A uni cuen impulse has infinie cuen fo zeo duaion and encloses a chage of one coulomb in i. 55. Asseion (A): In esisance poeniomees used fo measuemen of displacemen, sensiiviy and lineaiy ae conflicing equiemens. Reason (R): The volmee used fo measuemen of oupu volage of he poeniomee has, a finie esisance which causes loading effecs. 56. Asseion (A): In good qualiy magneic cassee ape ecodes, ac bias is povided o ecoding head fo bee ecoding and epoducion. Reason (R): The use of ac bias avoids he nonlinea chaaceisic of he B-H cuve of he ecoding hea 57. Asseion (A): In digial ansduces used fo measuemen of displacemen, i is quie common o use Gay Code insead of naual binay code. Reason (R): Gey code is used fo ovecoming he inheen disadvanages of a naual binay code. These include eos ha ae caused on accoun of even sligh

8 misalignmen which may cause change of decimal numbe heeby changing he numbe of bis. Gay code does no sufe fom his disadvanage. 58. If A aˆ ˆ ˆ a az, he value of A. dl aound he closed cicula quadans shown in he given figue is 8 of A poin chage +Q is bough nea a cone of wo igh angle conducing planes which ae a zeo poenial as shown in he given Figue I. Which one of he following configuaions descibes he oal effec of he chages fo calculaing he acual field in he fis quadan? A coaxial cable has wo concenic dielecics sepaaed by a sheah as shown in he given figue. The disibuion of elecic field E and poenial in he coaxial cable exis as 6. Plane defined by z = 0 cay suface cuen densiy aˆ x A/ m. The magneic inensiy H y in he wo egions z 0 and 0 z ae especively

9 a ˆ y and a ˆ y a ˆ y and a ˆ y a ˆx and a ˆx a ˆx and a ˆx 6. A solid cylindical conduco of adius R caying a cuen I has a unifom cuen densiy. The magneic field inensiy ' H ' inside he conduco a he adial disance ( < R) is Zeo I / I / R 3 IR / 63. The elecic field acoss a dielecic-ai ineface is shown in he given figue. The suface chage densiy on he ineface is When ai pocke is apped inside a dielecic of elaive pemiiviy 5, fo a given applied volage acoss he dielecic, he aio of sess in he ai pocke o ha in he dielecic is equal o / Conside coils C, C, C 3 anc 4 (shown in he following figues) which ae placed in he ime-vaying elecic field E and elecic field poduced by he coils C, C 3 and C 4 caying ime vaying cuen I() especively: of 5 The elecic field will induce an emf in he coils C and C C and C 3 C and C 3 C and C A cicula loop is oaing abou he y-axis as a diamee in a magneic field B B sin a Wb/ m. The induced emf ˆ 0 x in he loop is Due o ansfome emf only Due o moional emf only Due o a combinaion of ansfome and moional emf Zeo 67. Mach Lis I wih Lis II and selec he coec answe: Lis I (Law/quaniy) A. Gauss s law B. Ampee s law C. Faaday s law D. Poyning veco Lis II (Mahemaical expession)..d. B E 3. S E H 4. F qev B 5. D H J c

10 In he elaion S ; he values of S and (Whee S sands fo wave aio and is eflecion coefficien), especively, vey as o and o 0 o and o + o + and o o 0 and 0 o 69. In he souce fee wave equaion E E E The em esponsible fo he aenuaion of he wave is E 0 E 00 E E E 0 and Thee media ae chaaceized by. 8,, 0., 9, , 4, 0 is elaive pemiiviy, is elaive pemeabiliy and is conduciviy. The value of he ininsic impedances of he media, and 3 especively ae 88, 377 and 3 377, 3 and l88 88, 3 and 377 3, 88 and A plane em wave EH i i aveling in a pefec dielecic medium of suge impedance Z sikes Z. If he efaced em wave is EH, he aios of E / E and Ei / Hae especively /3 and 3/. 3/ and /3 3/4 and 3/ 3/4 and /3 7. Fo a pefec conduco, he field sengh a a disance equal o he skin deph is X% of he field sengh a is suface. The value X% is 0 of 5 Zeno 50% 36% 6% 73. Conside he following saemens: The chaaceisic impedance of a ansmission line can incease wih he incease in. Resisance pe uni lengh. Conducance pe uni lengh 3. Capaciance pe uni lengh 4. Inducance pe uni lengh Which of hese saemens ae coec? and and 3 and 4 3 and Mach Lis I (Physical acion o aciviy) wih Lis II (Caegoy of sysem) and selec he coec answe: Lis I A. Human espiaion sysem B. Poining of an objec wih a finge C. A man diving a ca D. A hemosaically conolled oom heae Lis II. Man-made conol sysem. Naual including biological conol sysem 3. Conol sysem whose componens ae boh manmade and naual The Lap lace ansfom of a anspoaion lag of 5 seconds is exp 5s exp5s s 5 exp s In he sysem shown in he given figue 0. The seady-sae value of he eo e() is equal o Zeo

11 /0 0/ Infiniy 77. The phase angle of he sysem s 5 Gs vaies beween s 4s 9 0 and 90 0 and 90 0 and and The ansfe funcion of a ceain sysem is s given by Gs s The Nyquis plo of he sysem is of 5 Non-zeo numbe Consan 8. The Nyquis plo of a sevo sysem is shown in he Figue I. The oo loci fo he sysem would be 79. A second ode conol sysem is defined by he following diffeenial equaion: dc dc 4 8 6c 6u d d The damping aio and naual fequency fo his sysem ae especively 0.5 and ad/s 0.50 and ad/s 0.5 and 4 ad/s 0.50 and 4 ad/s 80. The seady sae en-o due o a amp inpu fo a ype wo sysem is equal o Zeo Infinie None of he dawn plo of (a), (b), (c) of he quesion 8. The chaaceisic equaion of a feedback conol sysem given by 3 s 5s K 6 sk 0.In he oo loci diagam, he asympoes of he oo loci fo lage K mee a a poin in he s-plane whose coodinaes ae (, 0) (, 0) (, 0) ( 3, 0) 83. The open loop ansfe funcion of a uniy K feedback sysem is given by s s. If he value of gain K is such ha he sysem is ciically damped, he closed loop poles of he sysem will lie a 0.5 and 0.5

12 ± j0.5 0 and 0.5 ± j If he Nyquis plo cus he negaive eal axis a a disance of 0.4, hen he gain magin of he sysem is % The ansfe funcion of a phase lead compensao is given by ats Ts whee a > and T > 0. The maximum phase shif povided by such a compensao is a an a a an a a sin a a sin a 86. Conside he single inpu, single oupu sysem wih is sae vaiable epesenaion: 0 0 X 0 0 X U Y 0 X The sysem is Neihe conollable no obsevable Conollable bu no obsevable Unconollable bu obsevable Boh conollable and obsevable 87. A paicula conol sysem is descibed by he following sae equaions: 0 0 X X U and Y 0X 3 The ansfe funcion of his sysem is: Ys U s s 3s Y s U s s 3s Y s U s s 3s Y s U s s 3s of The mechanical sysem is shown in he given figue The sysem is descibed as d y dy M B k y y d d d y dy M B k y y d d d y dy M B k y y d d d y dy M B k y y d d 89. A linea ime invaian sysem, iniially a es when subjeced o a uni sep inpu gave esponse. c e 0. The ansfe funcion of he sysem is s s ss s ss 90. A syncho ansmie consiss of a Salien pole oo winding excied by an ac supply and a hee-phase balanced sao winding Thee-phase balance sao winding excied by a hee- phase balanced ac signal and oo conneced o a dc volage souce Salien pole oo winding excied by a dc signal Cylindical oo winding and a sepped sao excied by pulses 9. The oque-speed chaaceisic.of wophase inducion moo is lagely affeced by Volage R/X and speed X/R Supply volage fequency 9. Mach Lis I (Naue of eigen value) wih Lis II (Naue of singula poin) fo

13 lineaised auonomous second ode sysem and selec he coec answe: Lis I A. Complex conjugae pai B. Pue imaginay pai C. Real and equal bu wih opposie sign D. Real, disinc and negaive Lis II. Cene. Focus poin 3. Saddle poin 4. Sable node 5. Unsable node In ode o use Rouh Huwiz Cieion fo deemining he sabiliy of sampled daa sysem, he chaaceisic equaion + G(z) H(z) = 0 should be modified by using bilinea ans fom of z z z z 94. The sysem maix of a discee sysem is given by A The chaaceisic equaion is given by Z + 5z + 3 = 0 Z 3z 5 = 0 Z + 3z + 5 = 0 Z + z + = The cuen in he given cicui wih a dependen volage souce is 3 of An elecic cicui wih 0 banches and 7 nodes will have 3 loop equaions 4 loop equaions 7 loop equaions 0 loop equaions 98. Fo he cicui shown in he given figue, he cuen hough L and he volage acoss C ae especively zeo and RI I and zeo zeo and zeo I and RI 99. Fo he cicui shown in he given figue, when he volage E is 0 V, he cuen i is A. If he applied volage acoss eminal C-D is 00 V, he sho cicui cuen flowing hough he eminal A-B will be 0.A A 0A 00A 00. The Thevenin s equivalen esisance R h fo he given newok is 0A A 4 A 6A 96. The value of esisance R shown in he given figue is 4 Infiniy 0. Fo he cicui shown in he given figue he cuen I is given by

14 3A A A Zeo 0. The value of V in he cicui shown in he given figue is 4 of 5 di/ d i v. If v Ae, he dominan soluion of I fo > 0 is of he naue. Ke Ke K e cos 3 K K sin 07. A uni sep u( 5) is applied o he RL newok V V 3 V 4 V 03. The Noon s equivalen of cicui shown in Figue I is dawn in he cicui shown in Figue II. The values of I Sc and R eq in Figue II ae especively 5/ A and /5 A and 4/5 A and /5 /5 A and 04. A pole of diving poin admiance funcion implies Zeo cuen fo a finie value of diving volage Zeo volage fo a finie value of diving cuen An open cicui condiion None of (a), (b) and (c) menioned in he quesion 05. The diving poin funcion of he cicui shown in he given figue when s0 and s, (he elemens ae nomalized) will especively be /s and /s /s and and /s /sand The esponse I of a newok is expessed by he diffeenial equaion The cuen i is given by e 5 e u 5 e u 5 5 e 08. The esponse of an iniially elaxed sysem o a uni amp exciaion is e. Is sep esponse will be / e e e 09. Two cuen wave foms as shown in he figue I and figue II, ae passed hough idenical esisos of. The aio of hea poduced in hese esisos in a given ime by cuen of Figue I o Figue II is : : : : 0. The esponse of a newok is i Ke fo 0 whee is eal posiive. The value of a which he i() will become maximum, is /

15 . Caue and Fose foms of ealizaions ae used only fo Diving poin eacance funcions Tansfe eacance funcions v Diving poin impedance funcions Tansfe impedance funcions. Fo he given diving poin impedance 4 4s 7s funcion Zs, he cicui ss 3 ealizaion is shown in he given figue. Then he values of L and C ae especively 0.5 and 5 and 4 and 4 and 3 3. The h paamees h and h ae elaed o z and y paamees as h = z and h = /z h = z and h = y h = /y and h = /z h = /y and h = y 4. The diving poin impedance s Zs. The sysem is iniially a s 3 es. Fo a volage signal of uni sep, he cuen i() hough he impedance Z is given by e 3 3/ /e 3/ /e 3 3 e 5. If i 0e, he volage of he souce of he given cicui, V s is given by 0e 0e 0e 30e 6. The seady sae in he cicui, shown in he given figue is eached wih S open. S is closed a = 0. The cuen I a = 0 + is A A 3A 4A. 7. The sysem funcion Hs 5 of 5. Fo an s signal cos, he seady sae esponse is / cos 4 cos cos 4 / cos 8. The value of he capaciance C in he given ac cicui o make i a consan esisance cicui OR fo he supply cuen o be independen of is fequency is /6 F / F /8 F /4 F 9. The esonan fequency of he given seies cicui is / 3Hz /4 3Hz /4 Hz / Hz 0. The ansfe funcion V s 0 s V s s 0s00 Low pass file Band pass file High pass file All pass file is fo an acive

Lecture 22 Electromagnetic Waves

Lecture 22 Electromagnetic Waves Lecue Elecomagneic Waves Pogam: 1. Enegy caied by he wave (Poyning veco).. Maxwell s equaions and Bounday condiions a inefaces. 3. Maeials boundaies: eflecion and efacion. Snell s Law. Quesions you should