Three-Level Converters A New Approach for High Voltage and High Power DC-DC Conversions. Presented by Xinbo Ruan
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1 ThreeLevel Converers New pproach for High Volage and High Power DCDC Conversions Presened by Xinbo Ruan College of Elecrical and Elecronic Engineering Huazhong Universiy of Science and Technology
2 Oulines 1. Backgrounds 2. Derivaion of a Family of ThreeLevel Converers 3. Improved and Simplified ThreeLevel Converers 4. Buck TL Converer 5. ZVZCS PWM Hybrid FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer 6. Possible of ThreeLevel Volage 7. Conclusions
3 Oulines 1. Backgrounds 2. Derivaion of a Family of ThreeLevel Converers 3. Improved and Simplified ThreeLevel Converers 4. Buck TL Converer 5. ZVZCS PWM Hybrid FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer 6. Possible of ThreeLevel Volage 7. Conclusions
4 Backgrounds 3phase 380V±20% ac inpu is recified o a dc volage: w/o PFC: Vdcmax = 630V wih PFC: Vdc = V In order o reduce he volage sress of he swiches B T r D R1 L C d1 D 5 D ThreeLevel Converer D 6 Q 3 Q 4 D 3 D 4 D R2 The volage sress of he power swich is half of he inpu volage
5 Derivaion of HalfBridge TL Converer B T r D R1 C D B T r D R1 C D D R2 Q 3 D 3 D R2 Q 4 D 4 B D 6 Q 3 T r D R1 L C d1 D 5 D 3 D R2 D The volage sress of he swiches is he half of he inpu volage; I is aracive for high volage and high power dc/dc conversions Q 4 D
6 Moivaion Exend he derivaion of HalfBridge ThreeLevel converer o all he DCDC converers To reduce he volage sress of he swiches
7 Oulines 1. Backgrounds 2. Derivaion of a Family of ThreeLevel Converers 3. Improved and Simplified ThreeLevel Converers 4. Buck TL Converer 5. ZVZCS PWM Hybrid FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer 6. Possible of ThreeLevel Volage 7. Conclusions
8 TL Swich Cells V cl /2 a node Cell Two series swiches; Clamping volage source spliing ino wo equally; Clamping diode. D c V cl /2 c c b a B T r D R1 L C d1 D 5 D V cl /2 D 6 Q 3 D 3 D R2 V cl /2 D c b Cahode Cell Q 4 D
9 Derivaion of Buck TL Converer Q D c
10 Family of TL Converers Buck Boos Buck/Boos Cuk Sepic Zea
11 Family of TL Converers Forward Flyback PushPull
12 Family of TL Converers B D c1 T r D R1 HalfBridge D c2 Q 3 D 3 D R2 Q 4 D 4 FullBridge
13 Oulines 1. Backgrounds 2. Derivaion of a Family of ThreeLevel Converers 3. Improved and Simplified ThreeLevel Converers 4. Buck TL Converer 5. ZVZCS PWM Hybrid FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer 6. Possible of ThreeLevel Volage 7. Conclusions
14 Oupu Waveform Buck Converer Buck TL Converer Q D c v v /
15 Problems of Buck TL Converer v D c /2 0 Q C 1 R d2 provides more Ld energy, which resuls in unbalance of volage D V C o f c of he inpu divided capaciors
16 Problems of Buck TL Converer D 3 D 3 Q 4 Q 4 v V provides more in energy, which resuls in unbalance /2 of volage of he inpu divided capaciors 0 Q 4 D
17 Combined Buck TL Converer D c Q 3 Q 4 B D 3 D 3 Q
18 Combined Buck TL Converer Q 3 D 3 Q 4 B Q 3 Q 3 D 3 Q 4 B 0 The volage of he divided capaciors are Balanced. Q 4 V v in B /2 T s ' 2T s ' 3T s ' 4T s ' T s T s
19 Improved Buck TL Converer Q 3 D 3 Q 4 B Q 3 Q 4 D 3 B v B /2 0 2T s ' T s ' 3T s ' 4T s ' T s T s B
20 Improved Buck TL Converer B Q 3 1. The volage of he divided capaciors are balanced; Q 4 2. The ripple frequency of v B is wice he swiching frequency; 3. and are inerleaving swiched. v B 0 T s ' 2T s ' 3T s ' 4T s ' T s T s /
21 Improved TL Converers L b Buck 1 2 _ Boos Buck/Boos 1 2 _ Cuk L 1 C b1 C b1 Sepic C b2 1 L 2 L 1 2 _ C b2 Zea
22 Simplified Forward TL Converer T r1 D R1 RLd D FW T r1 D R1 RLd D FW D c Q1 and Q2 conduc D c Q1 on, Q2 off D c T r1 D R1 RLd D FW T r1 D R1 D FW Q1 off, Q2 off
23 Derivaion of Hybrid FullBridge TL Converer T r T r Q 3 Q 4 Q 5 T r D 7 D 8 Q 3 B Q Q 4 23
24 Oulines 1. Backgrounds 2. Derivaion of a Family of ThreeLevel Converers 3. Improved and Simplified ThreeLevel Converers 4. Buck TL Converer 5. ZVZCS PWM Hybrid FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer 6. Possible of ThreeLevel Volage 7. Conclusions
25 Key Waveforms B D > 0.5 D < 0.5 T s T s T on T off T on T off I Lfmax_3L I Lfmax_2L i Lf i Lf 0 I Lfmin_3L I o 0 I Lfmin_2L I o v B /2 v B /
26 Operaion of Buck TL Converer: D>0.5 (1) D > 0.5 T on T s T off B i Lf 0 I Lfmax_3L I Lfmin_3L I o v B /
27 Operaion of Buck TL Converer: D>0.5 (2) D > 0.5 T on T s T off B i Lf 0 I Lfmax_3L I Lfmin_3L I o v B /
28 Operaion of Buck TL Converer: D>0.5 (3) D > 0.5 T on T s T off B i Lf 0 I Lfmax_3L I Lfmin_3L I o v B /
29 Operaion of Buck TL Converer: D>0.5 (4) D > 0.5 T on T s T off B i Lf 0 I Lfmax_3L I Lfmin_3L I o v B /
30 Operaion of Buck TL Converer: D<0.5 (1) D < 0.5 T on T s T off B i Lf 0 /2 I Lfmax_2L I Lfmin_2L I o v B
31 Operaion of Buck TL Converer: D<0.5 (2) D < 0.5 T on T s T off B i Lf 0 /2 I Lfmax_2L I Lfmin_2L I o v B
32 Operaion of Buck TL Converer: D<0.5 (3) D < 0.5 T on T s T off B i Lf 0 /2 I Lfmax_2L I Lfmin_2L I o v B
33 Operaion of Buck TL Converer: D<0.5 (4) D < 0.5 T on T s T off B i Lf 0 /2 I Lfmax_2L I Lfmin_2L I o v B
34 Volage Conversion Raio 1.0 / D=1.0 D= D=0.8 D= D=0.6 D= D=0.4 D=0.3 / = D 0.2 D=0.2 D= D= I o / I ogmax
35 Oupu Filer Inducance ΔI Lf _ Buck The oupu inducance of Buck TL converer reduces o 1/4 of ha of Basic Buck converer ΔI Lf _ Buck _ TL
36 Oupu Filer Capacior T on T s T off The oupu capacior in Buck TL I Lfmax_3L converer reduces o 1/2 of ha in Basic Buck converer i Lf 0 I Lfmin_3L I o v B /
37 Unbalanced capacior volage Sligh difference of 1) conrol signal and 2) drive circui B T on T s T off Sligh difference of duy cycle of he wo swiches I Lfmax_3L i Lf 0 v B I Lfmin_3L /2 I o Unbalanced volage of he divided capaciors
38 Divided Capacior Volage Sharing K f_vo V ref K f_in PI K p Opi Isolaed 1 Comp_1 Comp_2 1 2 K f _ in
39 Experimenal Resuls v DS(Q1) :[100V/div] v DS(Q1) :[100V/div] v DS(Q2) :[100V/div] v DS(Q2) :[100V/div] v B :[100V/div] v B :[100V/div] Time:[5us/div] Time:[5us/div] Wihou FeedForward conrol Wih FeedForward conrol
40 Experimenal Resuls D > 0.5 D < 0.5 i Lf :[5/div] i Lf :[5/div] v B :[100V/div] v B :[100V/div] v DS(Q1) :[100V/div] v DS(Q1) :[100V/div] v DS(Q2) :[100V/div] v DS(Q2) :[100V/div] Time:[5us/div] Time:[5us/div]
41 Oulines 1. Backgrounds 2. Derivaion of a Family of ThreeLevel Converers 3. Improved and Simplified ThreeLevel Converers 4. Buck TL Converer 5. ZVZCS PWM Hybrid FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer 6. Possible of ThreeLevel Volage 7. Conclusions
42 ZVZCS PWM Hybrid FullBridge TL Converer
43 Main Circui and Key Waveforms Q 4 Q 3 Q 6 Q 5 Q 6 V cbp v B /2 /2 T rese i p Ip0 = Io / K v cb V cbp v rec /2K /K
44 The Secondary Recified Volage /K v rec /K v rec /2K 0 T onts /2 0 T on T rese T s /2 FullBridge Converer FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer
45 The Filer Inducance FullBridge Converer Lf (uh) Lf_FB( Vin) Lf_hybrid( Vin) 8 FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer Vin Inpu Volage (V)
46 Parameers for Prooype Converer =530VDC (recified and filered from 3 phase 380VC/50Hz) = 54 VDC; I o = 50 ; ( &C 1 ) Q 4 (D 4 &C 4 ): IRF460; Q 5 and Q 6 : CT60M20; D 5 D 8 : DSEI3006; Recifier diode: MEK9506 D; Raio of windings : K=19:3; Leakage inducance L lk =6uH; Blocking capacior: C b =1uF; Oupu filer inducance =6uH; Oupu filer capacior =6600uF; Swiching frequency: f s =50kHz
47 Experimenal Resuls ZV urnon ZV urnoff v B : [1000V/div] v GS (Q1) : [25V/div] i p : [20/div] i D (Q1) : [5/div] v cb : [100V/div] v DS (Q1) : [250V/div] v rec : [50V/div] Time: [5us/div] Time: [2us/div] i p reduce o zero ZVS for Chopping Swiches
48 Experimenal Resuls ZV urnon ZV urnoff ZeroCurren urnon ZeroCurren urnoff v GS (Q2) : [25V/div] v BE (Q6) : [25V/div] i D (Q2) : [5/div] i c (Q6) : [5/div] v DS (Q2) : [250V/div] v CE (Q6) : [500V/div] Time: [2us/div] Time: [2us/div] ZVS for leading Swiches ZVS for lagging Swiches
49 Experimenal Resuls v B : [1000V/div] v B : [500V/div] i p : [20/div] i p : [20/div] v cb : [100V/div] v cb : [100V/div] v rec : [50V/div] v rec : [50V/div] Time: [5us/div] Time: [5us/div] ThreeLevel Mode TwoLevel Mode
50 Conversion Efficiency 95 Efficiency (%) Oupu curren ()
51 Conversion Efficiency Efficiency (%) Inpu volage (V)
52 Several ZVZCS Hybrid FB TL Converers C 1 C 1 Q 5 D 5 Q 5 D 5 D 7 D 8 C ss C 2 C b L s B D 7 D 8 C ss C 2 B Q 3 D 3 C 3 Q 3 D 3 C 3 L lk Q 6 D 6 L lk Q 6 D 6 Q 4 D 4 C 4 Q 4 D 4 C 4 T r D R1 T r D R1 Q b D b C b D R2 D R
53 Several ZVZCS Hybrid FB TL Converers C 1 C 1 Q 5 D 5 Q 5 D 5 D 7 D 8 C ss C 2 B D 7 D 8 C ss C 2 Q 3 D 3 C 3 B Q 3 D 3 C 3 L lk Q 6 D 6 Q 4 D 4 C 4 L lk Q 6 D 6 Q 4 D 4 C 4 T r D R1 T r D R1 C b1 C b1 Db2 D b1 D b2 D b1 D b3 C b2 D R2 D R
54 Oulines 1. Backgrounds 2. Derivaion of a Family of ThreeLevel Converers 3. Improved and Simplified ThreeLevel Converers 4. Buck TL Converer 5. ZVZCS PWM Hybrid FullBridge ThreeLevel Converer 6. Possible of ThreeLevel Volage 7. Conclusions
55 vailabiliy of ThreeLevel Volage Waveforms B In order o achieve hreelevel volage waveform, 1) here should be wo divided capaciors. v B =, /2 and 0 2) The wo divided capaciors could power he load simulaneously or alernaively
56 Possibiliy of ThreeLevel Volage Waveforms L b Buck 1 2 _ Boos Buck/Boos 1 2 _ Cuk L 1 C b1 C b1 Sepic C b2 1 L 2 L 1 2 _ C b2 Zea Nonisolaed TL Converers
57 Possibiliy of ThreeLevel Volage Waveforms Q 5 D 9 D 5 1 T r D R1 Q 6 D 6 B C D _ 0 Q 3 D 3 2 Q 7 D 7 D R2 Q 4 D 4 Q 8 D 8 FB TL Converer HFB TL Converer
58 Possibiliy of ThreeLevel Volage Waveforms Forward TL Converer D 5 D T R1 r Flyback Vo _ TL Converer Q 3 D 3 Q 4 D 4 D 6 D R2 HB TL Converer PushPull TL Converer
59 Conclusions 1. ThreeLevel Converers TLSC and CTLSC are exraced; family of TL converers are proposed; The nonisolaed TL converers are improved; Forward TL converer is furher simplified; hybrid FB TL converer are proposed. 2. The advanages of he TL converers Reducion of he volage sress of he swiches; some TL converers obain TL waveform, which can significanly reduce he filer. 3. Mehod o ensure he volage sharing of he divided capaciors is proposed
60 Thanks for your aenion! Q/
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