{Q>iH$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr>, nwuo Xya{ejU {d^mj. J hnmr> ~r.e. ({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo. V Vr df. àvr $: 800. S>r.Q>r.nr.-Xÿa{ejU {d^mj

Transcription

1 {Q>iH$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr>, nwuo Xya{ejU {d^mj J hnmr> ~r.e. ({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df S>r.Q>r.nr.-Xÿa{ejU {d^mj àvr $: 800

2 J hnmr> {b{hê mnydu {dúmï mªzr nwt>rb gymzm dmmmì mv d Ë mà muo J hnmr>m Mo H$m H$amdo. 1. ~r.e. ({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo m Aä mgh«$ mvrb J hnmr> boiz hm hîdmmm Am{U A{Zdm ^mj Amho. J hnmr> {b{hê mnydu {dúmï m Zo g ~ {YV {df mmo nwñvh$ dmmyz JM J hnmr> {b{huo Amdí H$ Amho. Ë m wio {dúmï mªmm {df mmm Aä mg hmovmo. ñd AÜ ZmMr gd` ìhmdr d CÎman{ÌH$m boizmmm gamd ìhmdm hmm J hnmr> boizm_mjrb hovy Amho. 2. J hnmr> {b{hvmzm nwñvh$mvrb OHw$amMr Ho$di Z³H$b H$ê$ Z o. {dúmï m Zo {df g OyZ KoD$Z J hnmr> {b{hbm Amho H$s Zmhr ho OmUrdnyd H$ nm{hbo OmVo Am{U Ë mà muo JwU {Xbo OmVmV. àë oh$ J hnmr> 16 JwUm Mm Amho. 3. J hnmr> Ë m À m AZwH«$ mzwgma d gbj {bhmdov. EH$ J hnmr> g në mda R>iH$ aok mê$z nwt>rb Amoirda AWdm Zì m nmzmda nwt>rb J hnmr> {bhmdm. CÎmamV bmb emb Mm dmna H$ê$ Z o. mo½ g mg gmos>mdm. 4. mor>çm àízm Mo CÎma 60 Vo 70 AmoirV Agmdo. JaOoZwgma OmñV Mmbob. Q>rnm {bhm àë oh$r AmoirV CÎmao Agmdo. 5. CÎmamV JaO ZgVmZm 1,2,3... Ago AmH$S>o KmbÊ meodor mo½ n[aàn>ox nms>mdov. 6. CÎmambm gwédmv H$aVmZm N>moQ>ogo àmñvm{dh$ d CÎmamÀ m eodq>r g mamon Agob Va Vo CÎma A{YH$ Mm Jbo mzbo OmVo.

3 V Vr df (OZab nonag ) n Q>Z ^yjmob - (GG - 3) àíz 1) n Q>Z ^yjmobmmo ñdê$n d ì már ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - n Q>Z ^yjmobmmr ì m» m, d hîd wôo - n Q>Z CXçmoJ hîdmmm, d {eîq>ço nyu, {d{dyvm, Zmoa OH$Vm, JVrerb d pñwa, AZwËnmXH$Vm, Eo{Vhm{gH$Vm, ^m Jmo{bH$Vm, gm ñh ${VH$ d Ym{ H$ ì már - n m daummr m{hvr d {Okmgm, bmoh$m Mm g nh $ dmt>vmo, n Q>Zm Ü o AmYw{ZH$Vm, n Q>ZmMr àjvr, ZdZdrZ emoy, BVa Xoemer g nh $, amoojma{z{ Vr BË mxr wúm Mo CXmhaUmgh ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon àíz 2) gm ñh ${VH$ n Q>ZmMo KQ>H$ CXmhaUmgh ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - gd gm ñh ${VH$ KQ>H$m gmr>r AmXam{VÏ Aer g km dmnabr OmVo. n Q>H$m Zm EImXçm àxoem~x²xb Agbobr CËgwH$Vm, AmnwbH$s, AmË r Vm mo½ m{hvr XoD$Z {Z m U H$aVm ovo. wôo - IaoXr, g JrV, Z Ë, eovr, Amhma d no o, CXçmoJY Xo, ì dgm, {Mañ mah$ na nam, MmbrarVr, g ñh $Vr BË mxr wúm Mo g{dñva d CXmhaUmgh ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon àíz 3) n Q>ZmMo Am{W H$ KQ>H$m da hmooumao oumao n[aum ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - n Q>ZmMo CËnÞ åhuoo n Q>H$m Zm dñvy d godm BË mxr IMm Mm g mdoe hmovmo, Va n Q>ZmMo CËnÞ åhuoo n Q>H$m Zm dñvy d godm nwadyz { idbobo CËnÞ hmo. wôo - Am{W H$ {dh$mgmbm ghmæ, nah$s MbZ, amîq >r CËnÞmV dmt>, gah$mabm { iumam hgyb, XodKodrMm g Vmob, ñwm{zh$ AW ì dñwobm XV, n Q>Z Am{U CËnÞ, n Q>Z Am{U BVa CÚmoJm Mm {dh$mg, n Q>Z d àmxo{eh$ {dh$mg, n Q>Z d amoojma, n Q>Z d J wvduyh$ m wôçm Mo CXmhaUmg{hV ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon - n Q>H$m Zm hmoumam Ho$di IM Zìho Va darbà muo AZoH$ AàË j d CËnÞ m Mm AW ì dñwoda n[aum hmovmo. àíz 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr CÎmao 25 Vo 30 AmoirV {bhm. (H$moUVohr XmoZ) 1) n Q>ZmMo gm ñh ${VH$ KQ>H$m da hmoumao n[aum ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - n Q>ZmÀ m {dh$mgmmo àmmrz Adeof, {ZgJ gm X Am{U amîq >r dmagm OVZ hmoê mmr H$ënZm dmt>rg bmjvo. wôo - n Q>Z d Zr{V Îmm, n Q>Z d OwJma, n Q>Z Am{U Y, n Q>Z d ^mfm m wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon. 2) n Q>Zm Ü o o aoëdo dmhvwh$smo hîd ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - {dgmì m evh$mà m gwédmvrg g yh n Q>ZmgmR>r aoëdo dmhvwh$smm mor>çm à mumda Cn moj hmod$ bmjbm. wôo - aoëdo dmhvyh$, doiomr ~MV, Amam Xm H$ àdmg, aoëdo g wh n Q>ZmMo à wi gmyz, Am{W H$ÑîQ>çm $m Xoera m wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 1

4 3) dmhvyh$ gmyzmà m {ZdS>rda n[aum H$aUmao KQ>H$ ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - n Q>ZmÀ m yb^yv KQ>H$m n H$s dmhvyh$ gmyzo, dmhvyh$ IM d dmhvyh$ H$mbmdYr, n Q>H$m Mr gm nîmrh$ pñwvr Am[U dmhvyh$ gmyzo, àdmgmmm H$mbmdYr d h Jm, dmhvwh$smr H$m j Vm BË mxr wúm Mo CXmhaUmgh ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 4) n Q>Z CËnmXZmMo KQ>H$ ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - CËnmXZ CnbãYVm hr ~momanor>m H$m m pýdv hmoê mgmr>r Amdí H$ JmoîQ> Amho. wôo - AmH$f U n Q>H$ {d{eîq> AmH$f U Agboë m {R>H$mUmMr {ZdS> H$aVmo. gw{dym godm gw{dym ñwimà m {R>H$mUr nwah$ Agob {VWo. CXm. {Zdmg, Zmoa OZ, H«$sS>m. gwj Vm dmhvwh$sà m gmo r. m wúm Mo CXmhaUmgh ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon àíz 5) Q>rnm {bhm (H$moUË mhr XmoZ) 1) n Q>Z ^yjmobmmo o o hîd àñvmdzm - n Q>Z ^yjmobmmr ì m» m wôo - ZdZdrZ n Q>Z ñwim Mr m{hvr, ñwb d {eîq>ço d {ZgJ gm X AgUmar {R>H$mUo. g mamon 2) n Q>Z g ñ m àñvmdzm - n Q>Z ì dgm A{YH$ {dh${gv Pmë m wio AZoH$ g ñ m {Z m U Pmboë m AmhoV. wôo - gm m{oh$ d gm ñh ${VH$ g ñ m, Am{W H$ g ñ m, n m daur g ñ m BË mxr wúm Mo CXmhaUmgh ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 3) n Q>Z d Z g{j H$ dzñnvr àñvmdzm - Z g{j H$ dzñnvr hm n Q>Z {dh$mgmvrb hîdmmm KQ>H$ Amho. wôo - Z g{j H$ dzñnvrà m ñdê$nmv ~Xb, n Q>H$m wio dzñnvrmo ZwH$gmZ, dzñnvtmr VmoS>, àxyfu, PmS>m da {dn[av n[aum, newnú m Zm YmoH$m, bmoh$m Mo A{VH«$ U BË mxr KQ>H$m Mo CXmhaUmgh ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 4) hdmb dmhvyh$ àñvmdzm - XrK H$mi A Vamdarb d Am VaI S>r àdmgmgmr>r hdmb dmhvwh$sg n m Zmhr. gdm V ObX nu hmjs>m dmhvyh$ mj, Ë m wio mbdmhvwh$snojm àdmgr dmhvyh$ hr OmñV H$m j hmovo. wôo - XrK H$mi A VamgmR>r J{V mz, Am VaamîQ >r V ÌkmZ d n Q>Z m~m~vrv hdmb dmhvyh$ hîdmmr, m ë dmz dñvw gmr>r gmo rñh$a, m XrV OmJm, H$ r dozmà m mbmgmr>r, IM OmñV, m {ÌH$ ì dñwm, B YZ OmñV, Cƒ amhur mzmvrb bmoh$m gmr>r, BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 2

5 ^mavr g mo (SG - 3) àíz 1) ^mavr g momvrb {d{dy Y mªmo ñdê$n ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - ^mavmvrb Y OrdZ AZoH$ nxar d Jw VmJ wvrmo Amho. ^mavr g momvrb {d{dy Y - d {XH$ Y, ~m Õ Y, O Z Y, qhxÿ Y, eri Y, Bñbm Y, {¼íMZ Y m Y mªmr VÎdo, d {eîq>ço. g mamon àíz 2) Am{XdmgtÀ m g ñ m ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - AmOÀ m AmYw{ZH$ wjmv mzdmmr Pmbobr d km{zh$ àjvr, {d{dy gw{dym Mr Pmbobr gmo BË mxr bjmv KoVm ^mavmvrb Am{Xdmgr AOyZhr àma {^H$ AdñWoVrb OrdZ OJVmV. Am{XdmgtÀ m g ñ m Jw VmJw VrÀ m m g ñ m Zm AZoH${dY N>Q>m. g ñ m - Am{W H$ g ñ m, gm m{oh$ d gm ñh ${VH$ g ñ m, Amamo½ {df H$ g ñ m, emgzmmo gxmof YmoaU. g mamon àíz 3) ^mavmvrb {d{dyvog H$maUr^yV KQ>H$ ñnîq> H$am. àmñvm{dh$ - ^mavr` g_mommo d {eîq>ç åhuoo `owo {XgyZ `oumar {d{dyvm, na Vw `m {d{dyvo~amo~am EH$Vmhr ^mavr` g_momv {XgyZ `ovo. {d{dyvog H$maUr^yV KQ>H$ - Y_, ^mfm, àm V, àm VmZwgma AmMmamVrb {d{dyvm, OmV, Am{Xdmgr, gd gm_mý` OZVm Am{U ~w{õormr dj `m À`mVrb {d^moz. àíz 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr 25 Vo 30 AmoirV CÎmao {bhm (H$moUVohr XmoZ) 1) {~«Q>renyd H$mimVrb J«m ru g mommr Am{W H$ d {eîq>ço {bhm. {~«Q>renyd H$mimV eovr hm à wi ì dgm Ë m wio IoS>çm Ü o àm w» mzo eovh$ar djm Mr dñvr J«m ru g mommr Am{W H$ d {eîq>ço - eovràymz AW ì dñwm, eovr CËnÞmMo {d^moz, ì dgm mmo H$m Q> w{~h$ ñdê$n, ~bwvoxmar nõv, na namjv ì dgm, CnOr{dH$màYmZ ñd nyu AW ì dñwm, g wxm g doxzm, gmyr amhur, {H$ mz JaOm, Am{W H$ {df VoMm A^md, ^m Jmo{bH$ A{báVm. 2) Am{W H$ {dh$mgmmm bmoh$g» mdmt>rda H$moUVm n[aum hmovmo? n[aum - 1) Ë yxa hiyhiy {Z ÌUmImbr nu OÝ Xa nyduà mm nmvirda Ë m wio bmoh$g» mdmt> dojmzo 2) Am Úmo{JH$sH$aUmMo n[aum 3) S>aIr Mo {dmma 3) {h Xÿ {ddmhmmo ñdê$n ñnîq> H$am. ñdê$n - n{dì g ñh$ma, Zwñ VrVrb {ddmhmmo AmR> àh$ma, H$nm{S> m, à^y m Mo V. 4) AZwgy{MV OmVtÀ m g ñ m {bhm. g ñ m - ì dgm {ZdS>rMm A^md, K {UV ì dgm H$aÊ mg ^mj nms>bobr nma n[ah$ Om{Vì dñwm, dor>{~jmar, AË V hbmirmo Am{W H$ OrdZ, gm m{oh$ AÝ m d emofu, {ejumnmgyz d {MV, gmd O{ZH$ {R>H$mUr (nmudr>m, {Xao, CËgd) àdoemg ZmB. àíz 5) Q>rnm {bhm. (H$moUË mhr XmoZ) 1) {~«Q>re H$mbrZ H$m Xm d Ý m ì dñwm {~«Q>re H$mimV OmV/dJ ^ox Zmhr, n Mm VrMo hîd H$ r, Ý m XmZmMo H$m Cƒ, {Oëhm, VmbwH$m Ý m mb m m $V, H$m Úm Mo g {hvrh$au, A{YH$mam Mo {d^moz, ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 3

6 2) "Hw$Q> w~' ' m g ñwomo gm m{oh$ g ñwm åhuyz hîd hëd - yb^yv ñdê$nmmr g ñwm, àmw{ H$ g yh åhuyz hîd, Hw$Q> w~mûmao gm m{oh$sh$au, g ñh$ma Ho$bo OmVmV. d dm{hh$ g ~ Ym da {Z ÌU, ì ³VrMo ñwmz d ^y{ H$m m Mr {ZpíMVr, g mommo gmvë, gwg JVr, g moñdmñï A~m{YV amibo OmVo. 3) AZwgy{MV OmVtMr gú pñwvr gú pñwvr - Om{V^oX nyu nuo Zmhrgm Zmhr Va Ë mà m ñdê$nmv ~Xb, AZwgy{MV OmVr Ü ohr AZ V ^ox d ñva, dmx, gdbvt wio gdu d Añn í m Ü o H$Qw>Vm Vr g momà m EH$mË Vobm KmVH$, CƒnXñW X{bVm Mo Amnë m g momh$s>o Xwb j, OmVr g KQ>Zm, H$mhr amá m Ü o OmVnmV d {edm{ímdrà m H$ënZm ê$t>, Om{V{Zanoj g KQ>Zm Mr ~m YUr H$aUo, Am{W H$ {df Vm ZîQ> H$aUo, d Mm[aH$ g VogmR>r bmoh$omj Vr hmouo m gmaio H$mhr mj Amdí H$. 4) Zdo e j{uh$ YmoaU {ejummo C[ÔîQ>, Ame d à{h«$ m m Mm nwz{d Mma, yë mnz à{h«$ m d narjm nõvrv gwymaum, {ejummo ì dñwmnz, gmyzg nîmr Am{U AmT>mdm. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 4

7 AmYw{ZH$ amoh$s {dmmaàumbr (PG - 3) J hnmr> 1) amîq >dmxmà m {d{dy àh$mam Mr MMm H$am. àñvmdzm - amîq >dmxmmm AW d ì m» m {b{huo. amîq >dmxmmo {d{dy àh$ma 1) gzmvz amîq >dmx 2) Am{W H$ amîq >dmx 3) Ym{ H$ amîq >dmx 4) AmYw{ZH$ amîq >dmx 5) Am{e m d Am{ «$H$m I S>mVrb Zdm amîq >dmx darbà muo amîq >dmxmmo {d{dy àh$mamvrb àë oh$ àh$ma WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. J hnmr> 2) Oo. Eg { bmo ñdmv Í m~m~vmo {dmma {bhm. àñvmdzm - ñdmv Í mmr Amdí H$Vm - ñdmv Í mmm AW d àh$ma ñdmv Í mda AmKmV H$aUmè m ~m~r. g mamon. J hnmr> 3) bmoh$emhr g modmxmmr VÎdo gm JyZ bmoh$emhr g modmxmmo yë mnz H$am. àñvmdzm - bmoh$emhr g modmxmmo ñdê$n WmoS>³ mv {bhmdo. bmoh$emhr g modmxmmr VÎdo 1) ñdmwu ì p³vdmxmbm {damoy 2) {niduyh$ H$aUmè m ^m S>dbemhrbm {damoy 3) ImgJr CËnmXZ joìmda {Z ÌU 4) yb^yv h³h$m Mr OndUyH$ 5) g mzvomo VÎd 6) bmoh$emhrmm nm m ì mnh$ darb wúm À m AmYmao bmoh$emhr g modmxmmr VÎdo WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. bmoh$emhr g modmxmmo yë mnz bmoh$emhr g modmxmmo yë mnz JwU Am{U Amjon m À m AmYmao {bhmdo. g mamon - bmoh$emhr g modmxmmo emn e m wúmà m AmYmao gmam e ê$nmzo g mamon {bhmdm. J hnmr> 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr r 25 Vo 30 AmoirV CÎmao {bhm (H$moUVohr XmoZ) A) Om Z bm H$ m Mo amoh$s {dmma ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - Om Z bm H$ m Mo VÎdkmZ wamonà m CXma VdmXmÀ m B{VhmgmV nm m^yv R>abo Amho. bm H$ m Zm " wamonmvrb CXa VdmXmMm OZH$' åhuyz g ~moybo OmVo. Om Z bm H$ m Mo amoh$s {dmma - 1) {ZgJm dñwm 2) gm m{oh$ H$ama 3) amá g ñwomm CÔoe 4) gîmm{d^moz 5) H$m Xo S>imMo hîd 6) A{Z~ªY gîmobm {damoy 7) à{vh$mammm h³h$ 8) mb ÎmoMm h³h$ - darb wúm À m AmYmao bm H$Mo amoh$s {dmma WmoS>³ mv ñnîq> H$aUo. g mamon - bm H$À m amoh$s {dmmam Ü o ñdmv Í, ~hw VmMr {ZUm H$Vm, gzxerbvm, H$m ÚmMo A{YamÁ, em VVm n[adv Z, g nîmrmm A{YH$ma BË mxr g H$ënZm Mo yi gmns>vo. Am) ~oýw Mr Cn mo{jvmdmxmmr g H$ënZm ñnîq> H$ê$Z Oo. Eg². { bzo Ë mv H$moUVr ^a KmVbr Vo ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - 19 ì m evh$mà m àma ^r Cn w³vvmdmxmmo ì dhmar amoh$s VÎdkmZ CX mbm Ambo. ~oýw Mr Cn mo{jvmdmxmmr g H$ënZm - ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 5

8 Ooao r ~oýw mzo gd àw Cn mo{jvmdmxmmo VÎdkmZ m S>bo. Cn mo{jvmmm AW ñnîq> H$ê$Z {b{huo. ~oýw Zo gwimmm g» më H$ {dmma Ho$bm. Ë mà m Vo gwimmo moo mn H$aVm ovo. Oo. Eg². { bzo ~oýw À m Cn mo{jvmdmxmv KmVbobr ^a - A) JwUmË H$ $ah$ Am) moo mn H$R>rU B) Z {VH$Voda ^a B ) gm m{oh$ Ame darb wúm À m AmYmao CÎma ñnîq> H$ê$Z {b{huo. g mamon - ~oýw À m Cn w³vvmdmxmà m EH$m Jr {gõmývmv ^a KmbyZ { bzo Vmo A{YH$ nyu Ëdmg Zobm. B) g modmxmmr ì m» m d d {eîq>ço gm JyZ o${~ Z g modmx ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - Xm[aÐç d emofu ZîQ> H$ê$Z Ý mæ nm mda g mommr nwza MZm d mzdmmo OrdZ gwir Am{U gwa{jv ~Z{dUo m {dmmamda g modmxmmr B mav C^r Amho. AÝ m mmr MrS>, mzdvm, l mbm à{vîr>m B. JwUm wio g modmx Z {VH$ÑîQ>çm mo½ R>abm Amho. g modmxmmr ì m» m - bm dob, hçyjz m À m ì m» m {b{huo. g modmxmmr d {eîq>ço - 1) m {XV ñnym 2) d p³vh$ Zâ mda ~ YZo 3) JaOoZwgma dñv ymo CËnmXZ 4) {H$ VtMo {Z ÌU 5) dñvy d godm Mo mo½ àh$mao dmq>n 6) CËnmXZ gmyzo emgzmà m mbh$smr 7) g mo{hv gmybo Jobo nm{hoo. $o{~ Z g modmx - o${~ Z g modmxmmo AmYma d d {eîq>ço {b{huo. g mamon - g modmxmmo ^{dvì WmoS>³ mv gmam e ê$nmzo {b{huo. B ) m³g dmxmmo yë mnz H$am. àñvmdzm - H$mb m³g À m Eo{Vhm{gH$ ^m {VH$dmX, dj g Kfm Mm {gõmýv, A{V[a³V yë m Mm {gõmýv m g H$ënZm {df r WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. m³g dmxmmo yë mnz - 1) gd M JmoîQ>tÀ m wimer ^m {VH$dmX AgVmo ho m³g Mo V ~amo~a dmq>v Zmhr. 2) Am{W H$ KQ>H$m da OmñV ^a 3) wamonmvm m³g À m {dmmam Mm nam^d 4) XmoZM djmªmm {dmma, BVa djmªh$s>o Xwb j Ho$bo Amho. 5) A{V[a³V yë mmm {gõmýv MwH$sMm dmq>vmo. 6) dj {dhrz g mo ApñVËdmV ouo e³ Zmhr. darb wúm À m AmYmao m³g dmxmmo yë mnz {bhmdo. g mamon - darb m{hvrà m AmYmao gmam e ê$nmzo g mamon {bhmdm. J hnmr> 5) {Q>nm {bhm. (H$moUË mhr XmoZ) A) bo{zzdmx àñvmdzm - m³g À m {dmmam Mm bo{zzda Agbobm à^md m~m~v {b{huo, VgoM bo{zzzo a{e mvrb n[apñwvrzwgma m³g dmxmv H$moUVr ^a KmVbr mmo {ddomz WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. bo{zzdmx - 1) ^m S>dbemhr d gm «má mdmxmg ~ YrMo {dmma 2) H«$m VrMm {gõmýv 3) eovh$è m Mr ^y{ H$m 4) wõ hr H«$m VrMr XmB 5) H«$m VrZ VaÀ m gwymaum BË mxr wúm À m AmYmao bo{zzdmx WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. g mamon - bo{zzdmxmmo yë mnz gmam e ê$nmzo WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. Am) mamodmxmmr d {eîq>ço àñvmdzm - mamo-ëgo-vw J mzo m³g dmx d bo{zzdmx mv ^a KmVbr Amho. mì mamozo Ë mà m {dmmam Zm Am{e mb ñdê$n {Xbo. m³g Mr VÎdo ì dhmamv AmUyZ Vr eñdr H$aUmam mamo hm n{hbmm Am{e mb ZoVm hmo. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 6

9 mamodmxmmr d {eîq>ço 1) g w³v AmKmS>rMm {gõmýv 2) wõmmr VÎdo 3) gîmomm {gõmýv 4) bmoh$emhrdmxr hwhy$ emhr 5) J«m ru d ehar {d^mjm Mm {gõmýv 6) OwÝ m Mm {düd g 7) mamomm {dg JVrMm {gõmýv 8) BÀN>me³VrMo hîd 9) H$å wýg 10) hzw mz CS>r 11) mamomr gm ñh ${VH$ H«$m Vr darb wúm À m AmYmao mamodmxmmr d {eîq>ço WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. g mamon - mamodmxmmo yë mnz gmam e ê$nmzo WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. B) ³ w~m Yrb g modmx àñvmdzm - ³ w~m Ü o OmZodmar 1959 gmbr { $S>ob H $ñq >moà m ZoV ËdmImbr gmå dmxr H«$m Vr KSy>Z Ambr. ³ w~m Yrb g modmx - g Vm d Ý m m {dmmamzo ^mamdboë m [ $S>ob H $ñq >moà m ZoV ËdmImbr H«$m Vr Ho$ë mz Va Ë m Zr owo g modmxr AW ì dñwm AmUbr. A o[aho$zo H$S>H$ Am{W H$ {Z~ªY bmxyz ³ w~mmr H$m S>r Ho$br, mdoir ³ w~mzo a{e mà m XVrZo g modmxr AW ì dñwm {Z m U Ho$br. nah$s godm, CÚmoJY Xo m Mo amîq >r rh$au Ho$bo. eovrmo AmYw{ZH$sH$aU Ho$bo. Ý m, g Vm, d g ÕrH$S>o ³ w~mzo eñdrnuo dmq>mmb Ho$br. g mamon - darb m{hvrà m AmYmao gmam e ê$nmzo g mamon {bhmdm. B ) ZmPrdmX (ZmPrP ) àñvmdzm - ZmPrP Mr nmíd ^y r WmoS>³ mv {b{huo. ZmPrdmX - 1) g modmx d gmå dmxmbm {damoy 2) d edmx 3) AmË {VH$ amîq >dmx 4) qhgomo VÎdkmZ BË mxr ZmPrdmXmMr d {eîq>ço g{dñvanuo {b{huo. g mamon - {hq>baà m H$mimV O Zr Ü o {Z m U Pmboë m ZmPrP Zo O ZrMm H$m mnmbq> Va KS>dyZ AmUbmM; na Vw Ë m wio Xwgao hm wõ KSy>Z Ambo Am{U Ë mmo AË V XÿaJm r n[aum Pmbo. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 7

10 H $fr AW emñì (EG - 3) àíz 1) ^mavr AW ì dñwovrb eovrmo ñwmz ñnîq> H$am. ^mav EH$ {dh$gzerb, H $fràymz Xoe, eovr hm wb^yv ì dgm, AW ì dñwov AÚmnhr hîdmmo ñwmz, hîd ñnîq> H$aVmZm nwt>rb wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au Amdí H$, AÞYmÝ mmm nwadr>m, CÚmoJm Zm H$ÀÀ m mbmmm nwadr>m, ^m S>db {Z{ Vrg XV, amoojmammo à wi gmyz, amîq >r CËnÞmVrb dmq>m, Am VaamîQ >r ì mnmamvrb hîd, Am Úmo{JH$ {dh$mgmbm XV B. àíz 2) eovr ì dgm mvrb ObqgMZmMo hîd ñnîq> H$am. eovrì dgm - nmê mda Adb ~yz Agbobm ì dgm, nmê m{edm eovr e³ ZgVo. ^mavmvrb eovr nmdgmdarb OwJma g Obr OmVo. eovrgmr>r ObqgMZmMo hîd AZÝ gmymau Ago Amho. hîd ñnîq> H$aVmZm nwt>rb wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au Amdí H$, A{Z rv nmd$g, {d{dy {nh$m Mr JaO, CËnmXH$VoV dmt>, amoojmamv dmt>, BVa H$m m gmr>r O{ ZrMm dmna, EH$m nojm OmñV {nho$ KoUo e³ hmovo B. àíz 3) {dnuzmvrb H$m } ñnîq> H$am. eovr mbmmm CËnmXH$ d J«mhH$ m À mv mor>o A Va. åhuyz AZoH$ JmoîQ>tMm g mdoe Agbobr {dnuzmmr Amdí H$Vm {Z m U hmovo. eovr mbmà m ~m~vrv {dnuzmmo H$m yi dñvyà m CËnmXZmMm H$mi d ñwmz mnmgyz gwê$ hmod$z A {V J«mhH$mÀ m IaoXrOdi Wm ~VmV. àm. E $g Z m À m Vo {dnuz H$m m V nwt>rb KQ>H$m Mm g mdoe AgVmo. mbmmo EH$ÌrH$aU, àvdmar, à{h«$ m, XiUdiU, g J«hU, {dîmnwadr>m, {dh«$s, AmdoîQ>Z, OmoIr pñdh$mauo, {dvau B. wôo {dnuzmvrb H$m } åhuyz ñnîq> H$amdrV. àíz 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr 25 Vo 30 AmoirV CÎmao {bhm. ( $³V XmoZ) A) H$moUË m H$maUmgmR>r eovrbm H$O nwadr>çmmr JaO AgVo? eovrgmr>r Aën- Ü -XrK wxvrà m H$Om Mr gvv JaO AgVo. w» H$maUo - CËnmXZ d Cn^moJmgmR>r H$O, eovr {dh$mgmgmr>r, AZwËnmXH$ H$maUm gmr>r, AmH$pñ H$ H$maUm gmr>r. B. m H$maUm Mo ñnîq>rh$au XoD$Z CXmhaUo ÚmdrV. ~) AmXe ~moma ì dñwomo JwU/d {eîq>ço gm Jm. eovr mb {dh«$smo hîd bjmv KoVm AmXe ~momaì dñwo Ü o H$moUVr d {eîq>ço AgmdrV ho R>a{dVm ovo. d {eîq>ço - ~moma{df H$ m{hvr, VmËnwaVm H$O nwadr>m, gmr>duwh$sà m gw{dym, XiUdiUmÀ m gmob, H$m j {dh«$s g ñwm B. wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$amdo. H$) O{ ZrÀ m {d^mozmmr d AnI S>ZmMr H$maUo gm Jm. {d^moz d AnI S>ZmMm AW WmoS>³ mv ñnîq> H$amdm, H$maUo ñnîq> H$aVmZm nwt>rb wúm Mo {díbofu H$amdo. H$maUo - bmoh$g» m dmt>, ~oh$mar, dmagm h³h$m Mo H$m Xo, H$m Qw> {~H$ {dkq>z, J«m moúmojm Mm èhmg, H$O ~momarnum, gm m{oh$ ÑîQ>rH$moZ B. S>) eov Owam Mr g» m dmt>rmr H$maUo o gm Jm. eov Oya ì m» m d ñnîq>rh$au, eov Owam Mr g» m dmt>ê mmr H$maUo - bmoh$g» m dmt>, JVrj VoMm A^md, n m r amoojmammm A^md, H$O ~momarnum, Am Úmo{JH$sH$aUmMm A^md, Xm[aÐç B. H$maUo ñnîq> H$amdrV. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 8

11 àíz 5) {Q>nm {bhm. (H$moUË mhr XmoZ) A) nrh$h$o moozm - nrh$ H$O moozm g H$ënZoMo WmoS>³ mv ñnîq>rh$au, nrh$ H$Om Mo CÔoe, m moozomr d {eîq>ço, moozomo WmoS>³ mv yë mnz, m à wi wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au Amdí H$. ~) eovr mb {dh«$sì dñwovrb Xmof - eov mb {dh«$sà m nõvrv AZoH$ Xmof AmT>iVmV. Xmof - ñwm{zh$ nmvirda mbmmr {dh«$s, Xbmbm Mo ApñVËd, {d{dy àh$mamo H$a, àvdmarmm A^md, gmr>duyh$ gmobªmm A^md, XiUdiUmMm A^md, doz - mnmvrb Xmof, Ag K{Q>V CËnmXH$, B. wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$amdo. H$) S>) eovrà m m [ÌH$sH$aUmMo $m Xo - eovrà m m {ÌH$sH$aUmMr g H$ënZm - ñnîq>rh$au, AZoH$ $m Xo - H$m mmr JVr dmt>vo, CËnmXZ IMm V KQ>, mor>çm à mumda eovr H$aVm ovo, ne wdarb IM H$ r hmovmo, amoojma g Yr dmt>vo, eovh$è m Mr Am{W H$ n[apñwvr gwymavo B. wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$amdo. ~hwnrh$ nõvr - g H$ënZoMo ñnîq>rh$au, ~hwnrh$ nõvrgmr>r Amdí H$ AgUmè m KQ>H$m Mo ñnîq>rh$au - nmê mmr gmo, nrh$m Mm àh$ma, gwymarv emjv, ~momanor>, {nh$m Mr {ZdS> B. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 9

12 Ü wjrz ^mav (HG - 3) àíz 1) eoaehm gyarà m àemgzmda {Q>nU {bhm. àñvmdzm - eoaehm gwarmr m{hvr (WmoS>³ mv) w» wôo - H $Ðr ì dñwm, àm {V ì dñwm, hgyb ì dñwm g mamon - yë mnz àíz 2) {do ZJa gm «má mmr m{hvr {bhyz yë mnz H$am. àñvmdzm - {do ZJa gm «má mà m CX mmr H$maUo w» wôo - g J, emëd, Vwëd d e, H $îuxodam mmr m{hvr, Vm{bH$moQ>Mr bt>mb g mamon - èhmgmmr H$maUo àíz 3) _wkbh$mbrz Am{W H$ OrdZ d ZmJarH$aU `m Mr _m{hvr Úm. àñvmdzm - _wkb gm_«má`mmm Aën n[am`, _wkbh$mbrz Am{W H$ OrdZ - eovr, ì`mnma, CúmoJ, ZmJarH$aU - ì`mnmar ~ Xao, hñvmoúmoj H $Ðo, amoymý`m Mr Jmdo, Ym{_ H$ ñwio. g_mamon - _mojbh$mbrz Am{W H$ ^a^amq>rzom nmímmî`m Zm AmH${f V Ho$bo. `mm H$mimV ^mavmv nmímmî`m Mo AmJ_Z Pmbo. ì`mnmar åhuyz Amboë`m `m nmímmî`m Zr nwt>o ^mavmv gîmm H$m~rO Ho$br. àíz 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr 25 Vo 30 AmoirV CÎmao {bhm. ( $³V XmoZ) 1) AëbmCÔrZ {IbOrÀ m A VJ V V gwymaum Mm AmT>mdm m. àñvmdzm - AëbmCÔrZ {IbOrMo amá J«hU d AS>MUr (WmoS>³ mv) w» wôo - hgyb gwymaum - H$aAmH$maUr, O{ ZrMr moour, g Ý gwymaum - I S> g Ý, àë j njma, g {ZH$m À m lour, g {ZH$m Mr hooar, {H$ëbo, dñv ymo ^md{z ÌU - gam - Eo- AmXb, ehmzm - E - S>r, ì mnmamv H$mQ>oH$moanUm d H$S>H$ H$m Xo d {ejm g mamon - yë mnz 2) AH$~amÀ m H$maH$sXuMo WmoS>³ mv yë mnz H$am. àñvmdzm - AH$~amÀ m H$maH$sXuVrb hîdmà m KQ>Zm Mm AmT>mdm. CXm. - nm{znvmr Xwgar bt>mb gm «má {dñvma (àë oh$s EH$m dm³ mv) w» wôo - AH$~amMo amonv YmoaU, Ym{ H$ YmoaU (B~mXVImZ, {XZ - E - BbmXr) m Mr WmoS>³ mv m{hvr AH$~amÀ m gwymaum. g mamon - AH$~amMo ^mavr B{VhmgmVrb ñwmz d hîd. 3) ehmohmzà m H$maH$sXuVrb "dmagm g Kfm Mm' AmT>mdm m. àñvmdzm - Xmam gwh$moh, emh ewom, Am a JOo~ d wxmx~j m Mr m{hvr w» wôo - Mm Km À m ehmohmzà m AmOmanUmÀ m H$mimVrb Ohm {Jar d Zo UyH$m, Ë mvyz CX²^dbobo A{dídmgmMo dmvmdau, wamx, Am a JOo~ g w³v g Ý mh$sy>z XmamÀ m g Ý mmm nam^d, Am a JOo~mMr Hy$Q>Zr{V, ñdv bm amá m{^foh$ d ehmohmzmr H $X. g mamon - Am a JOo~mÀ m emmo yë mnz ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 10

13 4) AH$~amÀ m Zg~Xmar nõvrmr m{hvr {bhm. àñvmdzm - bîh$ar àemgz w» wôo - Zg~ åhuoo H$m? 33 lour, Zg~Xmam À m Zo UyH$m, {Z w³ë m, ~S>V $s, Ë m Mo {Z ÌU g mamon - yë mnz àíz 5) {Q>nm {bhm. (H$moUË mhr XmoZ) 1) ~ë~zmm X dr amogîmoà m VÎdmMm {gõmýv àñvmdzm - ~ë~zà m amoh$ma^mamvrb àma {^H$ AS>MUr w» wôo - amoonxmmm {gõmýv d amonxmmr à{vîr>m dmt>dê mgmr>r Ho$boë m Cnm moozm 2) whå X VwKbH$mMm amoymzr ~XbÊ mmm d ZdrZ MbZmMm à moj àñvmdzm - whå X VwKbH$mMr àemgh$s YmoaUo w» wôo - amoymzr ~XbmMm à moj {XëbrhÿZ Xod{Jarbm amoymzr hb{dê mmr H$maUo, n[aum, ZdrZ MbZmMm à moj, Ë mmo Xwîn[aUm g mamon - yë mnz 3) ZyaOhmZ àñvmdzm - ZyaOhmZMo nyd M[aÌ w» wôo - ZyaOhmZMm OwQ>m, amoh$maumvrb à^md, {Zd Îmr g mamon - ZyaOhmZMo ñwmz d yë mnz 4) ^mavmvrb {~«{Q>em À m {do mmr H$maUo. (H$moUVrhr Mma) àñvmdzm - {~«{Q>em Zr nam^yv Ho$boë m gîmm Mr Zmdo w» wôo - H$maUo {~«Q>rem Mr EH$s d àemgh$s YmoaUrnUm, {~«Q>rem Mr " $mos>m d PmoS>m' ZrVr, AÚ mdv eñìmñìo d V ÌkmZ, amoz {VH$ S>mdnoM, amá {dñvmammr nõvr, bîh$ar S>mdnoM, wõv Ì, bîh$ar g KQ>Zm, wõmmr nõvr m Vrb damt>num, Ama ma B. g mamon - {~«Q>re amodq>rmm nm m d ^mavmmm AmYw{ZH$ OJmV àdoe ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 11

14 1) H$ bm - bo. {do V Sw>bH$a 2) {dðmohr H${dVm - g nm. Ho$ed olm 3) Oam OmD$Z ovmo - bo. {X. ~m moh$mer amr>r (MG 3) Aä mgh«$ {dðmohr H${dVm - g nm {X. Ho$ed olm. 1. Zmhr bt>ë m{du w³vr 42. bm OJm M 4. AmVm 48. O JbmÀ m Zì m AmboIm~Ôb 7. nmwadq> 50. {eh$ma hmod$ Z o åhuyz 10. hçm mog mv 54. g ^m{dv gy m gmaio 11. EH$m Zì m g Kfm V 56. ~ao Pmbo ZgVo 14. EH$ {Xdg r na oídambm 60. gir 16. OnyZ R>odbo Amho 62. R>odm 19. owbm àë oh$ h Jm 64. {ZKmbo ho MH«$ 25. Vwåhr àh$memmo nw OHo$ ìhm! 67. AZm{ H$mg 29. bmoh$emhrmm w$bmoam 68. añvo 31. muyg 69. CÝhmVb PmS> 33. r {Zame Zmhr ao! 70. g~h$ 35. CYmUbmo 73. r ñdrh$mavmo 39. d ar 74. w. nmo. Ho$gbmJwS>m 41. {MÌo Oam OmD$Z ovmo - {X. ~m. moh$mer 2. amo À m gwvmammr JmoîQ> 10. AKmoa 3. H$m amzq>r bmoh$ AmhoV! 14. Amåhmbm H$m H$ r 5. dudm 15. nwê mmr wbjr 6. AmVm Am mox gwzm{g Ambo 18. Oam OmD$Z ovmo 7. bour 19. AZwZ ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 12

15 amr>r (MG -3) J hnmr> 1 bm àíz - g[avm Am{U O qgj m À mv "H$ bm' À m {Z{ ÎmmZo o A Va {Z m U hmovo. m {dymzmmr MMm H$am? àñvmdzm - V Sw>bH$am Mm n[am - boiz d {eîr>ço - gm m{oh$ Ádb V àíz - gm m{oh$ ê$t>tà m {damoymvrb àíz. O qgj hm {XëbrVrb B J«Or d ÎmnÌmMm nìh$ma - Ë m wio Vmo d nëzr XmoKohr {Xëbrbm amhvmv. g[avm n{vy m Mo AmMaU H$aUmar - O qgj KamV ZgVmZm gwõm Ë mmr gd H$m o gwairvnuo nma nms>umar - Ë mmr Ou gm ^miê mmm à ËZ H$aUmar - Ooìhm O [g J H$ bmbm ~momamvyz {dh$v AmUVmo Vo g[avmbm nq>v Zmhr - H$ bm d g[avm m XmoKt Yo Ooìhm g dmx hmovmo Voìhm H$ bm g[avmbm {dmmavo "Vwåho {H$Îmo IarXm?' - Ë mdoir g[avmà m ^md{dídmv Ii~i movo. ñdv À m ApñVËdmMr OmUrd hmovo - O qgj Amnë mbm gwõm Jwbm mgmaim dmjdvmo m {dmmam wio Ë m XmoKm À mv A Va {Z m U hmovo. g mamon. J hnmr> 2 am àíz - moh$metà m H$Wm Ë m À m qmvzerbvomm àë XoVmV - m {dymzmmr MMm H$am? àñvmdzm - moh$mer m Mm WmoS>³ mv n[am - Ë m Mo H$WmboIZ gho, gwb^, Ü dju AZw^dmer {ZJS>rV - H$Wm Yrb qmvzerb d Îmrda Ë m À m boiz e brv ^a Amho - "Oam OmD$Z ovmo' m H$WoVrb JUoe AmoH$ - Ë mvrb Ë mmo OrdZ{df H$ qmvz - VgoM "Am mox gwzm{g Ambo' m H$WoVyZ "am Or' m nìmûmao Ho$bobo OrdZ {df H$ qmvz - Zo muoà m AS>boë m Jm rmr gmos>duyh$ H$aVmZm am Orbm A VmZw^dmVrb nwz OÝ mà m AmodrMm Ambobm àë - Ë m wio am OrMo Z amí Xÿa hmod$z { imbobo g mymz - Ë mvyzm S>moH$mdUmam qmvzerbvomm {dmma - g mamon. J hnmr> 3 am àíz - moh$metà m H$WoMr dml² rz d {eîr>ço "Oam OmD$Z ovmo' m H$Wm g J«hmÀ m AmYmao ñnîq> H$am? àñvmdzm - boih$ n[am - H$Wmg J«hmMr d {eîr>ço - H$WmboIZ gho, gwb^ - Ü dju m er {ZJS>rV - V Vr nwéfr {ZdoXZ nõvr - H$m Q> w{~h$ AZw^dm da ^a - moh$metà m H$Wm m H$m Q> w{~h$ d gm m{oh$ AZw^dmda ^a XoUmè m dojdojù m d mvrb ñìr - nwê$fm Mo AZw^d - boiz e brv d ^mfov AmoKdVonUm - ghovm - AW nyu eãxamzm - g dmxmë H$ d du ZmË H$ nõvrmm Cn moj - H$WoVrb {dmmam Mr gho m S>Ur - gmyonumzo eodq> - g mamon. J hnmr> 4 Wm àíz - " r {Zame Zmhr ao' m AOw Z S>m Jio m À m H${dVoVyZ H$moUVm AmemdmX àh$q>vmo? àñvmdzm - H${dMm n[am - X{bV n±wa g KQ>ZoMo g ñwmnh$ - H$Wm H${dVm Mo d Mm[aH$ boiz - gm m{oh$ MidirV gh«$s - Ë m À m H${dVoV g moordzmà m Hw$ê$nVoMo {d{mì {MÌU - à^mdrnuo nu {VV³ mm ñdm^m{dh$nuo - mzdr ZmMr gmo{eh$vm d g OgnUm AmT>iVmo - Pw Oma d AmemdmXr à{v m - H$mì mmo ñdê$n. ^mavr g moì dñwov ~hwoz g mommo [avonu Am{U AàñVwVmbm g ñ m mzê mmm ~m [ÕH$ H$moVonUm - m Mo dmñvdxe Z - CXmg AgyZhr àë jmv Ë m À m A VH$aUmVrb AmemdX H$i OyZ Jobm Zmhr - bmoh$emhr g moamzm hr JOimà muo $gdr R>abr - EH$ COi {epënv nmhv AmhoV - àë j P wo XoUmè m Zm OnÊ mvm ^{dî H$mi àh$me [eënh $Vr ouma - hm AmedmX - Ë m wio H${d Cëhm{gV - g mamon. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 13

16 J hnmr> 5 dm àíz - {dðmohr H${dVm m H$mì g J«hmVrb "Zmhr bt>ê m{du w³vr' d " muyg' m H${dVm Mo agj«hu H$am? àñvmdzm - "Zmhr bt>ê m{du w³vr' hr H${dVm "{H$gZ $mjwor ~ZgmoS>' m Mr H${dVoMr d {eîr>ço - ~hwoz g momà m dmñvd - OrdZmMr nads> - H$mì mv àw M ì ³V - doxzobm eãxê$n YmaU - H${dVm Ab H$ma g îq>rv Z a Umar - Ë m wiom A VñW C $miumè m bmìhmmr JmO - Añn í VoÀ m AÝ m m{déõ àia bt>m - X{bV g momv M VÝ d Apñ Vm {Z m U H$aÊ mmo H$m - hma hr O mv bt>md$ - hm Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmagm gm JyZ Amnë m OmVrbm bt>uo hmm w³vr Ì - hm H${dg Xoe - w³vrgmr>r ñdv À m AmMaUmV ~Xb - moj dojim d Ym{ H$, Am{W H$ d gm m{oh$ Xmñ mvyz gmos>duyh$ åhuoom w³vr. " muyg' hr H${dVm Í ~H$ gnh$mio m Mr - {eju Q >rh$ n ªV gdumªà m d JmdH$è m À m OmMm wio ~mbd mvm ~{hîh$mammm YS>m - Am V[aH$ CËñ $moq>mmm àm S> ZmX d Ë mmo ns>gmx - AmH«$ H$ nu CJ«H$mì më H$ Ago H${dVoMo ñdê$n - bmoh$^mfomm R>gH$m - ^mdb r wio g nþ - CÕmamMr dmq> nmhumè m ~m Ydm Zm CÔoeyZ - AmË VoO OmJdm d AmnUM Amnbo ^m½ {dymvo ìhm. hm g Xoe - g mamon mamon. TEXT:- English G - III Syllabus 1) Wings of Fire (A.P.J. Abdul Kalam) 2) The Magic Drum & Other Favourite Stories (Sudha Murty) 3) All Three Grammer Books (TMV) PROSE - Textual and Non textual * Textual Comprehension a) Reference to context b) Answer in brief c) Short Notes * Non-textual Comprehension GRAMMAR 1) Accuracy of expression i. Use of Passive Voice ii. Use of Indirect Narration 2) Analysis of Simple, Complex and Compound Sentence 3) Revision of All Tenses 4) Use of not only but also, although, As well as, so - that, Question tag, remove too 5) Finding the word with the required shade of meaning with the help of treasures. TRANSLATION English into Marathi/Hindi WRITING 1) Letter writing - Complaint/Application 2) Summary writing 3) Paragraph writing 4) Conversation writing (given topics) 5) Expansion of ideas ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 14

17 Subject: English (Eng III) Text 1) Wings of Fire APJ Abdul Kalam 2) Magic Drum and other favorite stories Sudha Murty Note : All Questions are Compulsory Home Assignment I Q.1) Explain the following sentences giving reference to their context in about (5) lines. (Any two) 1) Accept your destiny and go ahead with your life. Perhaps you are not destined to become a pilot. What are you destined to become is not revealed as yet, but it is predetermined. Forget this failure. Think of it as a step that will lead you to your predestined Path. 2) It stops managers from listening to their subordinates are people down the line. 3) That makes my task so much easier. You see, I work in the king s court. 4) The central idea of A Fair Deal. Q.2) Answer in brief (any two) (5) 1) What kind of man was Veeravara was? 2) Who, according to Kalam, can be a successful team leader? 3) Describe the character of King Vidyadhar The seeds of Truth. 4) What ideas did Kalam get, observing curiously the painting of Tipu Sultan? Q.3) Write short notes. (any two) (4) 1) Kalam s brith place 2) Compare, write three sentences each about Shiriyala, Gunkara. 3) Sarabhai as an innovator 4) The miserly old couple Q.4) Do as directed (any two) (2) 1) She did not love him. She didn t want to marry. (Use neither/nor) 2) They were too late to catch the train. (Remove too) 3) The ugly woman had two daughters (Write the opposite of underlined adjective ) ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 15

18 Home Assignment II Q.1) Explain the following sentences giving reference to their context in about (5) lines. (Any two) 1) Bread baked without love is a bitter bread, that feeds but half a man s hunger. 2) Why do you not prostrate yourself? 3) I think it is love, even through it is a feeling, not a food. 4) I agree with them, but there is one thing that is tastier than all this. Q.2) Answer in brief (any two) (5) 1) Why was Nandini Project abandoned? 2) Give the details of programme visualized by Prof. Vikram Sarabhai. 3) What questions were asked to Suprabha? 4) What is the main idea of Dead mans painting. Q.3) Write short notes. (any two) (4) 1) The Nandi Project 2) Kalams Positive approach towards life. 3) Miserliness described in the stories by Sudha Murty. 4) Sudha Murty as an excellent story letter. Q.4) Do as directed (any two) (2) 1) Australia is larger than any other island in the world. (Change the degree) 2) Diamonds are brighter and expensive. (Use not only but also) 3) They were not certain about his visit. I know he would come.(fill in the blank with adverb formed by the underlined word) Home Assignment III Q.1) Read the following passage carefully and answers the questions. (5) Years ago people ate ice-cream only in summer. Now it is eaten all the year round. It originated in Orient, centuries before English School boys first, tasted it. Marco Polo saw people eating it there are brought back the idea to Italy. From Italy the idea was carried to France. It became Very popular in France with the rich and an effort was even made to keep the recipes a secret from the ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 16

19 common people. But, of course, they soon learned about this delicious new food and ice-cream became popular with everyone soon it spread all it over the world. The first factory to manufacture ice-cream was started in Baltimore, Maryland in However the real development of ice-cream and the ice-cream business didn t take place until after 1900 with new developments in refrigeration. The basis of all ice-cream is cream, milk or solids, sugar, and sometimes eggs. Vanilla, chocolate, berries, fruit, maredients and nuts are added as flavours. This is a usual proportion of ingredients in ice-cream : about 50 to 85 percent cream and milk products, 15 percent sugar, half to four and a half percent flavouring, and three tenths of one percent stabilizer. Questions : 1) Where did ice-cream originate? (1) 2) What are the ingredients of ice-cream? (2) 3) When and where was the first ice-cream factory started? (2) 4) Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the passage. (3) a) Children have holidays during season. b) Shahrukh Khan is one of the most actor in India. c) Paithani sarees are in Paithan in Maharashtra. 5) When do you mostly eat ice-cream? Which flavor of ice-cream do you like? (2) Q.2) Clause analysis (Write principle and subordinate clauses separately) (any two) (4) 1) The pigeons thanked the mouse who had set them free. 2) The poet sat on the beach and watched the sunset. 3) We tried several models and selected this bicycle. Q.3) Do as directed. (any two) (2) 1) The parks is not clean. (correct the sentence) 2) Rana Pratab was a handsome and a brave king. (use not only but also ) 3) You can buy a shirt, you can buy a trouser. (Use either/or ) Home Assignment IV Q.1) Change the voice (Any four) (4) 1) Will you cook the food? ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 17

20 2) Reeta is performing a dance. 3) Honey bee collects nectar from the flowers. 4) The photo was taken by him. 5) Sheela was knitting a sweater. Q.2) a) Change the following sentences into indirect speech (any two) (2) 1) Pradeep said to his father, Daddy, I have scored 90% marks in the final examination. 2) The principal said to the peon, Keep all the files in the shelf. 3) Dad! He shouted Where are you? b) Change the following sentences into direct speech (any two) (2) 1) Pappu told Shobha that he loved cricket. 2) Ravi told his friend that he had finished his homework. 3) The teacher requested the peon to bring the register. Q.3) Do as directed (any four) (4) 1) She dances elegantly. (transform into simple future tense) 2) He worked hard to get this job (Transform into past perfect tense) 3) Lata is a melodious singer and a great dancer. (Use not only but also) 4) He hasn t got money (use any/many) 5) They pray to God every right. (Transform into simple past tense) Q.4) Translate the following passage into Marathi or Hindi. (2) Prof. Sarabhai was always been on trying novel ideas and he liked to rope in young people to do this. He had the wisdom and judgment to realize not only if something was well done, but also when it was time to stop. In my opinion, he was an innovator. Home Assignment V Q.1) Letter writing (Any one) (4) a) Write an application letter for the post of Computer operator in The Passport office in Pune. b) Write a complaint to the Commissioner of Police about the nuisance caused by garbage in your area. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 18

21 Q.2) Conversation (Any one) (4) 1) Write a conversation between Shyam and booking officer at the airport, as the Shyam wishes to travel to Chennai for an urgent work. 2) Write a conversation between you and your friend on the movie which you have seen a day before. Q.3) Read the following passage carefully and write down the summary of one third in length. (2) Everyone likes receiving a bouquet, but often one finds that the flowers die out in a few days : With a little care, you can make them stay fresh for a number of days. Water is important in order to allow the flowers to stay fresh longer. Most floral arrangements in baskets or other fancy containers do not have much water in them. Always check the oasis on which the flowers are placed for water. Alternately, remove them from the fancy packaging and place in a big vase. Q.4) Write a paragraph on one of the following. (any four) (4) a) How can I reach my goal? b) Pets are the best stress busters. c) Hard work is always a winner ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 19

22 amr>r (MG 3) àíznot>r H$ bm 1. "H$ bm' m ZmQ>H$mVrb à wi nmìm Mm WmoS>³ mv n[am H$ê$Z Úm. 2. "H$ bmà m' oê m wio g[avmà m ^md{dœmv H$moUVr Ii~i {Z m U hmovo? H$m? 3. "H$ bm' m ZmQ>H$mMm eodq> Vwåhmg nq>vmo H$m? H$maUmg{hV ñnîq> H$am. 4. "g[avm Am{U O Xod m À mv "H$ bm' À m {Z{ ÎmmZo A Va {Z m U hmovo. ' - m {dymzmmr MMm H$am. 5. dv mznìmvrb {dœmmo H$moUVo Xe Z "H$ bm' ZmQ>H$mVyZ KS>Vo? 6. H$mH$mgmho~ Am{U O qgj - m XmoKm À m nìh$m[avov $ah$ Amho H$m? H$moUVm? 7. O qgjmr "H$ bm àh$aum' Vrb ^y{ H$m H$moUVr Amho? 8. "H$ bm' ZmQ>H$mÀ m AmYmao V Sw>bH$am À m g dmxboizmmr H$moUVr d {eîq>ço {XgyZ ovmv? 9. {Q>nm Úm. A) g[avm ~) O qgj H$) H$mH$mgmho~ S>) H$ bm B) ZmQ>H$mVrb Xþæ ì p³vaoim $) ZmQ>H$mVyZ {Z m U hmoumao àíz Oam OmD$Z ovmo. 1. {X. ~m. moh$mer m À m "Oam OmD$Z ovmo' m H$Wmg J«hmVrb VrZ H$Wm Mr Amím gyìo ñnîq> H$am. 2. " moh$metmo H$Wm{dûd àm w» mzo Ü dju AZw^dm er {ZJS>rV Amho.' m {dymzmmr MMm H$am. 3. moh$metà m H$WoVrb ào mzw^dmmo {MÌU H$go Amho? H$Wm À m AmYmao ñnîq> H$am. 4. " moh$metà m H$Wm Ë m Mm qmvzerbvomm àë XoVmV' - m {dymzmmr MMm H$am. 5. moh$metà m H$WoMr dml² rz d {eîq>ço "Oam OmD$Z ovmo' m H$Wmg J«hmÀ m AmYmao ñnîq> H$am. 6. {Q>nm {bhm. A) am Or (AmVm Am mox gwzm{g Ambo) ~) "nwê mmr wbjr' m H$WoVrb {dzmox H$) "dmñvw' m H$WoVrb AZw^d S>) "dudm' m H$WoÀ m erf H$mMr g n H$Vm B) "Oam OmD$Z ovmo' Yrb AZw^d {dðmohr H${dVm 1. "{dðmohr H${dVm' m H$mì g J«hmVyZ {dðmohr ^mdzomm Vrd«àË ovmo. - m {dymzmmm nam e m. 2. X{bVm Zr H$moUË m àh$mamm bt>m {Xbm nm{hoo Ago H$dtZm dmq>vo? H$emgmR>r? 3. "B mav OwZmQ> Pmbr' Ago åhuê mvyz H$dr A aeoi m Zm H$m gwmdm Mo Amho? 4. "{dðmohr H${dVm m g J«hmVyZ [d{dy H$dtMr doxzm d Xþ Io ~mobh$s Pmbr AmhoV' - m {dymzmmr MMm H$am. 5. "Vwåhr àh$memmo nw OHo$$ ìhm' Ago H$dr H$m gm JVmV? Ë m YyZ Ë m Zm H$m gwmdm Mo Amho? 6. " r {Zame Zmhr ao' m AOw Z S>m Jio m À m H${dVoVyZ H$moUVm AmemdmX àh$q>vmo? ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 20

23 7. "CYmUbmo ' m H${dVoVyZ H$drMr bt>md$ d Îmr H$er àh$q>br Amho? 8. "d ar' m H${dVoVyZ H$dtMr ~ S>Imoa d Îmr H$er àh$q>vo? 9. "{dðmohr H${dVm' m g J«hmVrb H${dVm VyZ CnamoY H$gm n«h$q>vmo Vo gmoxmhau {bhm. 10. {Q>nm {bhm. 1) "{dðmohr H${dVm' g J«hmVrb gy à{v m 2) X{bV H$dtMm g Kf 3) X{bV H$dtMr doxzm 11. g X^m gh ñnîq> H$am. 1) "Zmhr bt>ë m{du w³vr' (H${dVm - 1) 2) " mzdvomo ZdrZ Xra owo ~m Ym m OmJoda' (H${dVm - 7) 3) "~ao Pmbo ZgVo' (H${dVm - 56) 4) " mv mpm H$m Xmof ho bm gm Jerb H$m?' (H${dVm - 60) 5) "amur, àh$me wjmmm R>odm mâ m S>moù m V' (H${dVm - 62) 6) "BWo ^rh$ mjyz H$mhrM { iv ZgVo' (H${dVm - 67) ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 21

24 V Vr df (ñnoeb {df ) Am{W H$ ^yjmob (GS - 3) àíz 1) Am{W H$ ^yjmobmmo ñdê$n d ì már ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - Am{W H$ ^yjmobmmr ì m» m wôo - ñdê$n, Z g{j H$ n m dau d Z g{j H$ gmyzg nîmrmo yë mnz H$aUo, amîq >r {dh$mgmmr g amzm g OyZ KoUo, àxoemmo Am{W H$ {Z mooz, {dh${gv, {dh$gzerb d A{dH$grV àxoemvrb {dh$mg AdñWm g OVo, dv mzh$mbrz Am{W H$ pñwvrmm Aä mg, XoemVrb gm m{oh$, Am{W H$ d amoh$s g ñ o mjrb H$maUo. ì már - mzdmmm n m daumer Agbobm g ~ Y, gm m{oh$ ~XbmMm Aä mg, dojdojù m àxoemvrb gmyzg nîmrmm Aä mg, amhur mz C MmdÊ mmm à ËZ, Am VaamîQ >r nmvirda Am{W H$ KQ>H$m Mo {díbofu BË mxr wúm Mo CXmhaUmgh ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon àíz 2) Am VaamîQ >r ì mnmamda n[aum H$aUmao KQ>H$ CXmhaUmgh ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - Am VaamîQ >r ì mnma hm XoemMr Am{W H$ n[apñwvr, ì mnmammo ñdê$n, ^m Jm{bH$ ñwmz, XoemXoemVrb g ~ Y mda mor>çm à mumda Adb ~yz AgVmo. wôo - bmoh$g» omo Ag mz dmq>n, naamîq >r ^m S>db, wõ d em VVm, bmoh$m Mr AmdS>, Mmbr[aVr, Am{W H$ {dh$mgmvrb V $mdv, XaS>moB CËnÞ, H$a{df H$ YmoaU, Am{W H$ ÌrnyU g ~ Y, Om{hamV~mOr, dmhvwh$sà m gw{dym, gm ñh ${VH$ {^ÞVm, gah$mar YmoaU BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon àíz 3) CXçmoJm À m ñwm{zh$sh$aumda n[aum H$aUmao KQ>H$ ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - CXçmoJ d ì dgm ho Am{W H$ {dh$mgmmm nm m hmo. Á m àxoemv CXçmoJmVyZ $m Xm A{YH$ hmovmo Aem àxoemv CXçmoJmMr C^maUr hmovo. wôo - H$ƒm mb, Zmed V H$ƒm mb, dozmzo OS> d AmH$mamZo mor>m H$ƒm mb, dozmv KQ> hmoumam H$ƒm mb, dozmv KQ> Z hmoumam H$ƒm mb, CXçmoJm Ü o V ma hmoumam n³h$m mb, e³vrgmyzo, OwanwadR>m, Hw$eb Oya, AHw$eb Oya, ì dñwmnh$s A{YH$mar, ^m S>db, dmhvyh$, ~momanor>, emgh$s YmoaUo, nmurnwadr>m, hdm mz, AÝ KQ>H$ BË mxr wôçm Mo CXmhaUmg{hV ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon. àíz 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr 25 Vo 30 AmoirV CÎmao {bhm (H$moUVohr XmoZ) 1) Am{W H$ ^yjmobmà m emim Mo g{dñva du Z H$am. àñvmdzm - gmyzg nîmrmr CnbãYVm, {dvau, CËnmXZ, Cn^moJ m Mm Aä mg, ñdv Ì Aä mg nõvr dmnê$z H$aVm mdm åhuyz Am{W H$ ^yjmobmmo dojdojù m emim Ü o {d^moz H$aÊ mv Ambo Amho. wôo - gmyzg nîmr ^yjmob, H $fr ^yjmob, Am Xçmo{JH$ ^yjmob, ì mnmar ^yjmob, dmhvyh$ ^yjmob, {dnuz ^yjmob, n Q>Z ^yjmob BË mxr emim Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 2) I{ZO g nîmrmr d {eîq>ço {bhm. àñvmdzm - I{ZO g nîmrda Am Xçmo{JH$ {dh$mg Adb ~yz AgVmo. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 22

25 wôo - I{ZOm Mo {dvau Ag mz, I{ZOo, ghonuo CnbãY hmov Zmhr, I{ZOo j nmdvmv, I{ZOo, AewÕ ñdê$nmv gmns>vmv, ^yn îr>mda Imobda AmT>iVmV, Am Xçmo{JH$ n[agamv Im{UMoo ñwmz hîdmmo, I{ZO CËnmXZmda hdm mzmmm n[aum BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 3) Am VaamîQ >r ì mnmammo ì $m Xo {bhm. àñvmdzm - Am VaamîQ >r ì mnmammr ì m» m wôo - BVa XoemVrb dñvymr XodmU KodmU, OmñV dñvy Agë mzo {ZdS> H$aVm ovo, Z g[j H$ g ñ oda mv H$aVm ovo, gmyz g nîmrmm nwaonwa dmna, Xw{ i gmyzg nîmrmm Cn^moJ, BVa Xoemer g ~ Y, d Mm[aH$ d g ñh $VrMr XodmU KodmU BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 4) dmhvwh$sda n[aum H$aUmao KQ>H$ ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - H$moUË mhr àxoemà m Am{W H$ {dh$mgmv dmhvyh$ hîdmmr AgVo. wôo - ^yamzm, hdm mz, O Jbo, dmid Q>r àxoe, gm ñh ${VH$ KQ>H$, amoh$s KQ>H$, bmoh$g» m, Am{W H$ KQ>H$ BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo JaOoMo Amho. g mamon àíz 5) Q>rnm {bhm. (H$moUË mhr XmoZ) 1) Am{W H$ ^yjmobmmo hîd àñvmdzm - Am{W H$ ^yjmobmmr ì m» m wôo - eovr{df H$, CËnmXZ - CXçmoJY Xo {df H$, Am{W H$ YmoaU, àemgh$, amozrvr {df H$, g aju {df H$, ZmJ[aH$ {df H$, g emoyz {df H$ BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 2) Am{W H$ {dh$mgmv eovrmo hîd àñvmdzm - {dh$gzerb XoemV eovr ì dgm mv Jw Vboë m bmoh $mmr g» m OmñV Agë mzo Am{W H$ {dh$mgmv eovrmr ^y{ H$m hîdmmr R>aVo. wôo - dmt>ë m bmoh$g» obm CËnmXH$, CXçmoJm Zm H$ƒm mb, Am Xçmo{JH$ CËnmXZmgmR>r ~momanor> CXçmoJ joìmgmr>r l mmm nwadr>m, AÞYmÝ mmm gmr>m, nah$s MbZ BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 3) Am[W H$ {dh$mgmvrb CXçmoJY XçmMo XçmMo hîd àñvmdzm - EImXçm XoemMm Am{W H$ {dh$mg Pmbm Amho mmo yë mnz ho Ë m XoemVrb CXçmoJY XçmÀ m pñwvrda Adb ~yz AgVo. wôo - CËnÞmVrb Xar H$ r H$aUo, ~oh$mammo à mu H$ r H$aUo, CËnmXZmV dmt>, eovrjoìmmm {dh$mg, ñdmdb ~Z, ~MV, Z g{j H$ gmyzmmm A{YH$m{YH$ dmna, {Z m VrV dmt>, amoojmamv dmt>, yb^yv godm Mm {dh$mg, Am Xçmo{JH$ g ñh $VrMm {dh$mg. g mamon 4) Zi dmhvyh$ àñvmdzm - nydunmgyz ZimÛmao nmê mmr dmhvyh$ Ho$br OmVo; na Vw AmYw{ZH$ H$mimV I{ZO Vob, noq >mob, Vob BË mxtmr dmhvyh$ ZimÛmao mor>çm à mumv Ho$br OmVo. wôo - ZidmhVwH$sMr d [eîq>ço, ZidmhVwH$sÀ m m Xm, Zi dmhvwh$smo OmJ{VH$ {dvau BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 23

26 amoh$s ^yjmob (GS - 4) àíz 1) amoh$s ^yjmobmmo BVa gm m{oh$ emñìm er g ~ Y ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - amoh$s ^yjmob hm {df AZoH$ nxar Am{U Am Va {dúmemir Agë mzo Ë mmm {d{dy gm m{oh$ emñìmer g ~ Y ovmo. wôo - mzdr ^yjmob, g moemñì, bmoh$g» m emñì, mzdd e emñì, AW emñì, B{Vhmg, ZrVremñÌ, mzgemñì, amá emñì, ^yamozrvr, Am VaamîQ >r g ~ Y, bîh$ar ^yjmob BË mxr wúm Mo g{dñva ñnîq>rh$au H$am. g mamon àíz 2) gr m {df r g{dñva m{hvr {bhm. àñvmdzm - amoh$s àxoemmr A {V m Xm Á m aofozo XmI{dbr OmVo Ë m aofog gr m Ago åhuvmv. wôo - gr m Mo JwU {deof, gr m Mo djuh$au, Z g{j H$ gr m, gm ñh ${VH$ gr m, J{UVr qh$dm ^y{ Vr gr m, g H$ën gr m m gd wúm Mo CXmhaUmg{hV ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon àíz 3) amîq >{Z{ VrMo KQ>H$ ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - amîq >r ËdmMr ^mdzm Á m KQ>H$m wio ÑT> hmovo, Ë m KQ>H$m ZmM amîq > {Z{ VrMo KQ>H$ Ago åhuvmv. wôo - g mz ^yàxoe, dm {eh$ EH$Vm, g ñh $Vr, ^mfm d {bnr, B{Vhmg, g mz amoh$s AmH$m em, Am{W H$ {hvg ~ Y, EH$mË emgzg ñwm, amîq >r Ëd BË mxr wôçm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon - amîq >r Vm Y m er {ZJS>rV Y m {YpîQ>V Xoe qh$dm amîq >o {Z m U Pmbobr AmhoV. àíz 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr 25 Vo 30 AmoirV CÎmao {bhm (H$moUVohr XmoZ) 1) amoh$s ^yjmobmmr ì már ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - amoh$s ^yjmob hm {dñv V d ~hw{dy n by Agbobm {df Amho Ë m wio m {df mmr ì már mor>çm à mumda Amho. wôo - amá d amîq > mmo ^m Jmo{bH$ VmXmËå, amá mmr gmyzg nîmr, bmoh$g» omr gm m{oh$ gb½zvm, amá mmo Ìrg ~ Y, ì mnma, J{V mz emñì, {dh$mg m wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$ Amho. g mamon 2) ^yamozrvr Yrb g H$ënZm ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - ^yamozrvrmr ì m» m wôo - gord amá, {dñv V àxoe, O Z d emmr loîr>vm, ^ygîmm {dê$õ Zm{dH$ gîmm m wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$ Amho. g mamon 3) gmjar ñwmzm À m àh$mammr g{dñva m{hvr {bhm. àñvmdzm - gmjamvrb qh$dm gmjar {H$Zmè mdarb ñwmzmg gmjar ñwmz åhuvmv. wôo - EH$ gmjar ñwmz, {Û gmjar ñwmz, {ÌgmJar ñwmz, ~hwgmjar ñwmz, I S>rV ñwmz BË mxr wôçm Mo. CXmhaUmg{hV ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon. 4) qhx hmgmjammo ^yamozrvrh$ hîd ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - àmmrz H$mimnmgyZ amîq >mà m Am{W H$ amoh$s pñwvrda hmgmjammm à^md ns>bobm Amho. wôo - hmgmjammr CËnÎmr, ViaMZoV {d{dyvm, {H$ZmadVu ^mjmvrb gm «má, ì mnmar gr m, gmyz g nîmrmm emoy, gmjag nîmr BË mxr wúm Mo CXmhaUmg{hV ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 24

27 àíz 5) Q>rnm {bhm. (H$moUË mhr XmoZ) 1) amoh$s ^yjmobmmo ñdê$n àñvmdzm - amoh$s ^yjmbmmr ì m» m wôo - amoh$s EH$H$, n m dau d g mo, amá mmo n[adv Zr ñdê$n BË mxr wúm Mo CXmhaUmg{hV ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 2) H$s S>aMm {gõmýv àñvmdzm - ±H$s S>a m Zr m S>bobm {gõmýv {ZgJ dmxmda ^ygîmm d Zm{dH$ gîmm m À m Vm b{zh$ gm Ï m da AmYmabobm Amho. wôo - {gõmývmmr ybvëdo, {gõmývmmo hîd, H$s S>a m Mo ^m{h$v, {gõmývmdarb Q>rH$m BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 3) ^mavmà m gr maofm àñvmdzm - ^mav Xoe ÛrH$ënr Xoe AgyZ VrZ ~mowzo g wð {H$Zmam Amho. VgoM {d{dy gr m aofm AmhoV Ë m wio AZoH$ g ñ m Zm Vm S> Xçmdo bmjvo. wôo - ^mav - nm{h$ñvmz gr maofm, ^mav - ~m ½bmXoe gr maofm, ^mav - Zonmi, ^mav - å mz ma m gr maofomo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon 4) emgzg ñwm àñvmdzm - emgzg ñwm hr amá mmr EH$ g KQ>Zm Agy eh$vo. wôo - gr m Mo aju, Z g{j H$ g nîmrmo aju, EH$g Y g mo {Z m U H$aUo, {ZgJm Mo g dy Z BË mxr wúm Mo ñnîq>rh$au H$aUo Amdí H$. g mamon ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 25

28 àíz 1) wbmivv ÌmMo JwU - Xmof {dfx H$am. gm m{oh$ g emoyz nõvr (SS - 3) àmñvm{dh$ - VÏ g H$bZmÀ m nõvr Ü o wbmiv hr hîdmmr nõv AgyZ Vr AmOhr dmnabr OmVo. m nõvr Ü o H$mhr JwU VgoM H$mhr Xmofhr AmhoV. JwU - gd àh$maà m m{hvrmo g H$bZ, ^yvh$mbrz KQ>Zm Mo AÜ Z, A yv d AÑí KQ>Zm Mo AÜ Z, n m á mzgemñìr AÜ Z, ~hwnjr Am{U gimob AÜ Z, nmañn[ah$ àoaumë H$ AÜ Z, m{hvrmr gë Vm ns>vmiyz ~KÊ mmr e³ Vm. Xmof - {dñ aummr e³ Vm, ì p³vjv nyd J«h, wbmivxmë mda Adb ~yz AgUo, Ý wzj S>mMr ^mdzm, à{e{jv wbmivh$ë m Mr Amdí H$Vm, A{YH$ doiomr Amdí H$Vm. gm ñh ${VH$ nmíd ^y r Am{U ^mfomr g ñ m, gxmof Ahdmb. g mamon àíz 2) {MÌ gmxarh$ H$aUmMo {Z, hîd d m Xm Mr MMm H$am. àñvmdzm - VÏ m Zm A{YH$ à^mdr nõvrzo ñnîq> H$aÊ mgmr>r {MÌm Mm Cn moj Ho$bm OmVmo. {MÌ gmxarh$aummo {Z - AmH$f H$Vm, à m{uv AmH$ma, dmñv{dh$ A{^ì ³Vr, ^y{ Vr ewõvm, mnz, Cn w³v erf H$, eãxm Mm Am{U g» m Mm H$ r Cn moj, ñnîq> {d^moz, ì dpñwv amzm, Cn w³v {ZdS>, {MÌ gmxarh$aummo hîd - AmH$f H$ Am{U n[aum H$maH$ gmxarh$au e³, {MÌo VÏ m Zm gmyo Am{U g OÊ m mo½ ~Z{dVmV, ghonuo VwbZm e³, doiomr ~MV, g emoyzmv Cn mojr, EH$m ÑpîQ>jonmV ñnîq> hmouo, JwUmË H$ VÏ m Mo gmxarh$au, àmmammo gmyz, ^{dî H$WZ, m Xm - g{dñva {díbofu Ae³, Ho$di gomvr, VÏ m Mo gmxarh$au e³, WmW mn Aím³, Ho$di VwbZmË H$ VÏ m Mo gmxarh$au, nyd J«hmMr e³ Vm, à mu~õ gmxarh$au. g mamon àíz 3) Ahdmb boiz åhuoo H$m`? Ahdmb boizmmo CÔoe ñnîq> H$am. àmñvm{dh$ - Ahdmb boiz hm g emoyz àh$ënmvrb A {V_ Q>ßnm hmo`. Aä`mgH$mZo Aem àh$mamo boiz H$aVmZm {deof H$miOr `mdr bmjvo. AW - àmo. h gamo `m Mo _V. g nyu g emoyz H$m`m Mr H$bmH$m eë`mmm dmna H$ê$Z {b{iv ñdê$nmv Ho$bobr _m S>Ur åhuoom Ahdmb boiz hmo`. CÔoe - kmzmmm àgma, {ZîH$fm Mr `WmW Vm, ZdrZ g emoyz H$m`m bm MmbZm, YmoaU d Cnm` R>a{dUo. àíz 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr 25 Vo 30 AmoirV CÎmao {bhm (H$moUVohr XmoZ) 1) VÏ m Mr H$m } {bhm. H$m } - {gõmývmbm MmbZm, {gõmývmmr nwza MZm e³, ZdrZ VÏ m er {dg JV AgUmè m {gõmývmmm Ë mj, g emoyz {Z{ VrMr ZdrZ {Xem VÏ m wio { ivo. {gõmývmmo ñnîq>rh$au. 2) Cn mojr J {hvh $Ë mmr d {eîq>ço ñnîq> H$am. d {eîq>ço - J {hvh $Ë ho g H$ënZmË H$ ÑîQ>çm ñnîq> Agmdo. J {hvh $Ë mmm g ~ Y AZw^dm{YpîR>V à moj{gõvoer Agmdm, J {hvh $Ë ho {d{eîq> Agmdo. J {hvh $Ë CnbãY V Ìmer g ~ YrV Agmdo, J {hvh $Ë mmm g ~ Y {gõmýv g yhmer Agmdm. J {hvh $Ë ho gmyo d gai Agmdo. J {hvh $Ë ho g ñ omo n m á CÎma Agmdo. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 26

29 3) AZwgyMrMo hîd {bhm. hîd - WmW Am{U R>mog m{hvrmr àmár, àízm Mo ñnîq> d dmñv{dh$ CÎma, ì p³vjv g nh $, g emoyzh$ë m À m ì p³v ÎdmMm à^md, g emoyzh$ë m À m {ZarjU e³vrmm {dh$mg, m{hvr g H$bZmÀ m à{h«$ og g {já H$aUo, {b{iv gm J«r, Z wzm {ZdS>rg ~ Yr XmofmMo kmz, A{YH$ CÎmao, AZwgyMrV mzdr VÎdo 4) Z wzm {ZdS>rÀ m g ñ m ñnîq> H$am. g ñ m - 1) Z wý mà m AmH$mamMr g ñ m 2) nyd J«hXÿ{fV Z wý mmr g ñ m - Z wý mmm AmH$ma Iyn bhmz Agë mg Vmo àm{v{zyrh$ amhv Zmhr, XmofnyU djuh$au, CÔoenyU Z wzm, gmyzgymr AnyU, XmofnyU mômpàn>h$ Z wzm, AÜ Z {df mmo O{Q>b ñdê$n. àíz 5) {Q>nm {bhm (H$moUË mhr XmoZ) 1) AÝdofUmË H$ g emoyz AmamIS>m AW, AÝdofUmË H$ AÜ ZmgmR>r Amdí H$ kmz { imdo åhuyz nwt>rb VrZ JmoîQ> hîdmà m - gm{hë gd}ju, gd}ju, A VaÑîQ>rg àoaum XoUmè m KQ>Zm Mo {díbofu, AÝdofUmË H$ g emoyz AmamIS>çmMo w» H$m /Côoe 2) gh^mjr {ZarjU AW, JwU Am{U Xmof/ m Xm JwU - àë j AÜ Z, gimob d gyú AÜ Z, dmñv{dh$ ì dhmammo AÜ Z, g H${bV m{hvrmr ns>vmiur, A{Ve gmono AÜ Z Xmof Am{U m Xm - XrK H$mbmdYr, nyu gh^mj Ae³, An[a{MVnUmMm bm^ e³ Zmhr, g yh ì dhmamv n[adv Z, dñvw{zîr>vm e³ Zmhr, A{YH$ IMm Mr nõv. 3) JwUmË H$ g emoyzmmr d {eîqço AÝdofUmË H$ Am{U du ZmË H$ ÑpîQ>H$moZ, CX`moÝ wi AmamIS>m, ghovyh$/côoenyu Z wzm, Z g{j H$ dmvmdaum Ü o AmYmagm J«rMo g H$bZ, ì ³Vr EH$ gmyz mda ^a, AmYmagm J«r Jmoim H$aÊ mà m JwUmË H$ nõvr, gwédmvrà m Am{U AI S> {dj ZmË H$ VÏ m Mo {díbofu, {ZîH$fmªgmR>r ì îq>r AÜ Z nõvrmm ÑpîQ>H$moZ. 4) gm m{oh$ g emoyzmvrb AmboIm Mr Cn w³vvm gm m{oh$ g emoyzmv AmboIm Mr {deof Cn mo{jvm Amho. Vr nwt>rbà muo - nañnag ~ Ym Mo àxe Z, WmW àxe Z, VwbZmË H$ AÜ Z, VÏ m Mo {díbofu Am{U {Zd MZ, n[adv ZmMr {Xem Am{U mìmmo kmz, ^{dî H$WZ, H$ r IM. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 27

30 Am Úmo{JH$ g moemñì (SS- 4) àíz 1) ízm S>a m Zr gm {JVbobr H$m H$marMr VrZ H$m } {dex H$am. àñvmdzm - CÚmoJY ÚmV H$m H$marMr ^y{ H$m hîdmmr, Ë mmr H$m } d {eîq>çnyu d ~hw{dy. ízm S>a m Zr gm {JVbobr VrZ H$m } - 1) g KQ>ZoMr C[ÔîQ>o {ZpíMV H$aUo 2) hîdmà m ~mhç e³vter CÚmoJY ÚmMm g ~ Y àñwm{nv H$aUo 3) CÚmoJY ÚmVrb A VJ V ì dhmam Mo g MmbZ H$aUo. g mamon àíz 2) ^mavmvrb "Am Úmo{JH$ H$bh H$m Xo' mda {Q>nU V ma H$am. àmñvm{dh$ - emgzmà m hñvjonm{edm Am Úmo{JH$ H$bh CJ«~ZÊ mmr e³ Vm AgVo. B. g Ü o n{hbm H$m Xm emgzmzo Owa Ho$bm. H$m Xo - 1) 1929 Mm H$bh H$m Xm 2) ^mav g aju H$m Xm 3) Am Úmo{JH$ H$bh ({ZdmaU) H$m Xm m H$m ÚmA VJ V à{v~ YmË H$ Cnm moozomr ÌUm. g mamon àíz 3) ^mavmvrb H$m_Jma g KQ>Zm À`m àjvrvrb AS>Wù`mg H$maUr^yV KQ>H$ ñnîq> H$am. àñvmdzm - Am Úmo{JH$sH$aUmVyZ {Z_m U hmoumè`m g_ñ`m gmos>{dê`mgmr>r H$m_Jma g KQ>Zm Amdí`H$, ^mavmvrb H$m_Jma g KQ>Zm BVa Xoem Vrb H$m_Jma g KQ>Zm er VwbZm H$aVm \$mam _mjo AmhoV. àjvrvrb AS>Wio - A VJ V KQ>H$ - H$m_Jmam Mo AkmZ d {ZajaVm, H$m_JmamVrb EH$OwQ>rMm A^md, H$m_Jmam Mr ñwbm Va H$aÊ`mMr KmVH$ àd Îmr, VwQ>n woo dovz, g KQ>ZoMo ZoV Îd H$m_JmamVyZ Zmhr. amoh$s` njm Mo dm ñd. Ë`m_wio H$m_Jmam À`m {hvmnojm amoh$s` {hvg ~ Ym Mr OnUyH$, g KQ>ZoMm H$m_Jmam À`m OrdZmÀ`m gdmªjmbm ñne Zmhr. gvv l_ H$aÊ`mZo g KQ>ZoÀ`m H$m_mV ag KoÊ`mMr ešvr H$m_Jmam_Ü`o CaV Zmhr. ~{h JV KQ>H$ - _mbh$ djm Mm ÑîQ>rH$moZ, H$m_Jmam Mr ^avr nõvr, gah$mamm ÑîQ>rH$moZ. àíz 4) nwt>rb àízm Mr 25 Vo 30 AmoirV CÎmao {bhm (H$moUVohr XmoZ) 1) Am Úmo{JH$ mo{jh$ g moemñìmà m Aä mgmmo hîd {bhm. Am Úmo{JH$ g moemñìmà m Aä mgmmo hîd {dex H$aVmZm g moemñìkm Zr nwt>rb wôo m S>bo AmhoV - mzdr kmzmv dmt>, d km{zh$ kmzmv dmt>, Am Úmo{JH$ g momà m g ñ m da Cnm emoyê mgmr>r, Am Úmo{JH$ g momà m pñwavogmr>r, ì p³vjv EH$Vobm XV ìhmdr åhuyz, H$m Qw> {~H$ EH$Vobm XV hmoê mgmr>r, ì dgm m À m g Yr, g mo Am{U H$m Jma H$ë mu gmyê mgmr>r, Am Úm{JH$ {Z moozmgmr>r, em VVm d CËH$f mgmr>r. 2) A{YH$mar V ÌmMr d {eîq>ço {bhm. d {eîq>ço - louramzm, H$m {d^moz, Vkm Mr {Z w³vr, {b{iv {Z m Mo hîd, g XoedmhZ nõvr, nx d nxm{yh$mar m Mo g ~ Y 3) H$m H$marÀ m ^y{ Ho$da à^md nms>umao KQ>H$ H$moUVo? KQ>H$ - 1) CÚmoJY ÚmMm hovy - Z $m 2) Vm {ÌH$ à{h«$ m 3) A{YH$mar V Ì 4) $moa ZÀ m ^y{ Ho$darb VmU ñnîq> H$am. VmU - 1) CÚmoJY ÚmVrb {d{eîq> {hvg ~ Y AgUmè m JQ>mVrb g Kf 2) {deofkm Mo X~md 3) H$m Jma g KQ>Zm Mm X~md 4) $moa ZMr Cnojm 5) $moa ZMr pñwvr. ~r.e.({demax) gm m{oh$emñìo V Vr df - J hnmr>/{q>ih$ _hmamï > {dúmnrr> / 28