Economic and Social Council

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1 Unted Natons Economc and Socal Councl Dstr.: General 26 October 2018 Orgnal: Englsh Economc Commsson for Europe Inland Transport Commttee World Forum for Harmonzaton of ehcle Regulatons Workng Party on Polluton and Energy Seventy-eghth sesson Geneva, 8-11 January 2019 Item 3(a) of the provsonal agenda Lght vehcles: UN Regulatons Nos. 68 (Measurement of the maxmum speed, ncludng electrc vehcles), 83 (Emssons of M1 and N1 vehcles), 101 (CO2 emssons/fuel consumpton) and 103 (Replacement polluton control devces) Proposal for a new Supplement to the 06 and 07 seres of amendments to UN Regulaton No. 83 (Emssons of M1 and N1 vehcles) Submtted by the expert from the Internatonal Organzaton of Motor ehcle Manufacturers* The text reproduced below was prepared by the expert from the Internatonal Organzaton of Motor ehcle Manufacturers (OICA) to clarfy the relatonshp between approval levels, reference fuels and PN lmts for PI vehcles and to modfy the calculaton formulae for determnaton of evaporatve emssons n accordance wth changes already agreed n UN GTR No. 19. The modfcatons to the current text of the Regulaton are marked n bold for new or strkethrough for deleted characters. * In accordance wth the programme of work of the Inland Transport Commttee for (ECE/TRANS/274, para. 123 and ECE/TRANS/2018/21 and Add.1, Cluster 3), the World Forum wll develop, harmonze and update Regulatons n order to enhance the performance of vehcles. The present document s submtted n conformty wth that mandate. GE (E)

2 I. Proposal Amend footnote 7 to Table A n paragraph 5.2., to read: " 7 Upon the choce of the manufacturer vehcles wth postve and compresson gnton engnes may be tested wth ether E5 or E10 and ether B5 or B7 fuels, respectvely. Ths decson shall be reflected where applcable n the approval character as descrbed n Table A3/1However: - not later than sxteen months after the dates set out n pont , new type approvals shall only be performed wth E10 and B7 fuels; - not later than as from dates set out n pont , all new vehcles shall be approved wth E10 and B7 fuels. " Amend footnote 2 to Table 1 n paragraph to read: " 2 Untl three years after the dates specfed n paragraphs and of ths Regulaton for new type approvals and new vehcles respectvely, a A partculate number emsson lmt of #/km shall apply to PI drect njecton vehcles upon the choce of the manufacturer. Ths decson shall be reflected where applcable n the approval character as descrbed n Table A3/1" Amend the key to Annex 3, Table A3/1, to read: "Emssons standard key A B Emsson requrements accordng to the lmts n Table 1 of paragraph of ths Regulaton, but allowng complyng wth the prelmnary values for partculate numbers for PI vehcles as detaled n footnote 2 to that table any usng any applcable reference fuel; Emsson requrements accordng to the lmts n Table 1 of paragraph of ths Regulaton, ncludng complyng wth the fnal partculate number standards for PI vehcles n the table wthout reference to footnote 2 and use of E10 and B7 reference fuel (where applcable). " Amend Annex 7, paragraph , to read: " arable-volume enclosure The varable-volume enclosure expands and contracts n response to the temperature change of the ar mass n the enclosure. Two potental means of accommodatng the nternal volume changes are movable panel(s), or a bellows desgn, n whch an mpermeable bag or bags nsde the enclosure expand(s) and contracts(s) n response to nternal pressure changes by exchangng ar from outsde the enclosure. Any desgn for volume accommodaton shall mantan the ntegrty of the enclosure as specfed n Appendx 1 to ths annex over the specfed temperature range. Any method of volume accommodaton shall lmt the dfferental between the enclosure nternal pressure and the barometrc pressure to a maxmum value of 5 kpa hpa. The enclosure shall be capable of latchng to a fxed volume. A varable volume enclosure shall be capable of accommodatng a +7 per cent change from ts "nomnal volume" (see paragraph of Appendx 1 to ths annex,), takng nto account temperature and barometrc pressure varaton durng testng. " 2

3 Amend Annex 7, paragraph , to read: " The accuracy of the pressure recordng system shall be wthn kpa and the pressure shall be capable of beng resolved to 0.2 have resoluton of kpa. " Delete Annex 7, paragraphs 4.9. and : "4.9. Addtonal equpment The absolute humdty n the test area shall be measurable to wthn 5 per cent. " Amend Annex 7, paragraph 6.1. to be a ttle, renumber the exstng text of paragraph 6.1. as and add paragraph , to read: "6.1. Calculaton of evaporatve test results The evaporatve emsson tests descrbed n paragraph 5. of ths annex allow the hydrocarbon emssons from the durnal and hot soak phases to be calculated. Evaporatve losses from each of these phases s calculated usng the ntal and fnal hydrocarbon concentratons, temperatures and pressures n the enclosure, together wth the net enclosure volume. The formula below s used: M HC = k ( C HC,f P f T f M HC M HC,out M HC, C HC C HC, P ) + M T HC,out M HC, = hydrocarbon mass n grams, = mass of hydrocarbon extng the enclosure, n the case of fxed volume enclosures for durnal emsson testng (grams), = mass of hydrocarbon enterng the enclosure, n the case of fxed volume enclosures for durnal emsson testng (grams), = measured hydrocarbon concentraton n the enclosure (ppm volume n C1 equvalent), = net enclosure volume n cubc metres corrected for the volume of the vehcle, wth the wndows and the luggage compartment open. If the volume of the vehcle s not determned a volume of 1.42 m3 s subtracted, T = ambent chamber temperature, n K, P k f = barometrc pressure n kpa, = hydrogen to carbon rato, = 1.2 (12 + ); = s the ntal readng, = s the fnal readng, = s taken to be 2.33 for durnal test losses, = s taken to be 2.20 for hot soak losses. 3

4 As an alternatve to the equaton n paragraph of ths Annex, for varable volume enclosures the followng equaton may be used at the choce of the manufacturer: MHC= k P T (C HCf C HC ) where: MHC CHC = hydrocarbon mass n grams, = measured hydrocarbon concentraton n the enclosure (ppm volume n C1 equvalent), = net enclosure volume n cubc metres corrected for the volume of the vehcle, wth the wndows and the luggage compartment open. If the volume of the vehcle s not determned a volume of 1.42 m 3 s subtracted; T = ntal ambent chamber temperature, n K, P k = ntal barometrc pressure n kpa, = hydrogen to carbon rato, = s taken to be 2.33 for durnal test losses; = s taken to be 2.20 for hot soak losses; = s (12 + ), n (g K/(m³ kpa));" Amend Annex 7, Appendx 1, paragraph 2.4. to be a ttle, renumber the exstng text of paragraph 2.4. as and add paragraph , to read: "2.4. Calculatons of evaporatve test results The calculaton of net hydrocarbon mass change wthn the enclosure s used to determne the chamber's hydrocarbon background and leak rate. Intal and fnal readngs of hydrocarbon concentraton, temperature and barometrc pressure are used n the followng formula to calculate the mass change. M HC = k ( C HC,f P f T f M HC M HC,out M HC, C HC, P ) + M T HC,out M HC, = hydrocarbon mass n grams, = mass of hydrocarbon extng the enclosure, n the case of fxed volume enclosures for durnal emsson testng (grams), = mass of hydrocarbon enterng the enclosure when a fxed volume enclosure s used for durnal emssons (grams), C HC = hydrocarbon concentraton n the enclosure (ppm carbon (Note : ppm carbon = ppm propane x 3)), T P k = 17.6 = enclosure volume n cubc metres, = ambent temperature n the enclosure, (K), = barometrc pressure, (kpa), 4

5 f = s the ntal readng, = s the fnal readng, As an alternatve to the equaton n paragraph of ths Annex, for varable volume enclosures the followng equaton may be used at the choce of the manufacturer: where: MHC= k P T (C HCf C HC ) MHC CHC = hydrocarbon mass n grams, = measured hydrocarbon concentraton n the enclosure (ppm volume n C1 equvalent), = net enclosure volume n cubc metres, T = ntal ambent chamber temperature, n K, P = ntal barometrc pressure n kpa, k = s 17.6" II. Justfcaton 1. The footnotes to the table of test requrements and the table of emssons lmts are causng nflexblty n the recognton of some of the approval levels n the seres of amendments These footnotes were ntroduced correctly to protect the EU from havng to accept vehcle approvals whch were not complant wth local legslaton. 3. However: (a) The EU s currently not subject to mutual recognton n UN Regulaton No. 83 due to the WLTP transtonal provsons (b) Ths workng paper, f adopted at GRPE 78 n January 2019 would proceed to WP.29 n June of 2019 and would not enter nto force before September 1 st 2019, after whch tme the approval codes beng amended wll no longer be vald for frst regstraton of vehcles n the EU. 4. Durng the development of UN GTR No. 19, an alternatve formula for the calculaton of hydrocarbons has been ntroduced whch may be used for varable volume SHED facltes at the choce of the manufacturer. 5. The ntroducton of these changes n UN Regulaton No. 83 wll prevent the need for addtonal text n UN GTR No. 19 as the references reman the same but are completed. 6. Further mnor amendments and correctons whch were noted durng the draftng of UN GTR No. 19 have been ncluded n the nterest of consstency. 5