(Michael Porter) ( Geoffrey I. Crouch) ; (3) , 9 + 2

Transcription

1 3 1, 1,2, 3, 1,2 (1., ;2., ; 3., ) [ ], 5,, [];;; []F59 []A [ ] (2009) , [1 ] , ,, [2 ] 3 (2004GG ) (04BJZ44) [ ] ;[ ] [ ]( ),,,,,,E2mail com ; ( ),,, ;( ),,,,; ( ),,, 30, ( ),, [3 12 ] : (1),,, ; (2), (Michael Porter) ( Geoffrey I. Crouch) [13,14 ],, ; (3),,,,, 2 211,,

2 TOURISM TRIBUNE ;,,,, ;,,,,;,, ;,,, (1) 1 212,,: 21211,, 8 : (1) 31,,,,,,, (2),, SO 2 (3), GDP GDP GDP GDP,, (4), ;,,, ;,

3 (5),, 3A (6),, ;,, (7), (8),, 21212,, 4, : ; GDP ; ; ; (1) 31 ( ) [15 ],, : ( ),, y = ax + b, y, x,,,,,,,, R T, R T = bπa, R T, ;, (2),,,,,,;, SO ,,,,,F, F = N E,, N

4 TOURISM TRIBUNE SO 2 Πkm 2 GDP GDP GDP GDP 3A GDP SO 2,, E,,, n,m,,g ij G j i j, G i G i,,i j E ij, L qij = ( G ij ΠG i )Π( G j ΠG),: E ij = 0, L qij 1 G ij - G i ( G j ΠG) = G ij - G ij ΠL qij, L qij > 1, 33 i E i = m j = 1 E ij N i,n i = I ti ΠG i,, I ti i, F i : F i = N i E i = ( I ti ΠG i ) E i 21215,,,,, 213, (1),, ;, ,,,,,

5 , 311, [16 ], : m, n (),x ij j i, j m gx j :, gy j, 312, [14 ],,,, gx j = ( x 1 j, x 2 j,, x ij,, x mj ) T, ( j = 1,2,, n),,n m g : g= ( 1, 2,, i,, m ) T,, i i,, n,,,,,, (system dynamics,sd) [17 ],,, gx 0 : gx 0 = ( x 0 1, x 0 2,, x 0 i,, x 0 m ) T, :, x SD i i, i SD,,,,,,, SD,, 31212,,, SD,,, :x ij,x s ij = x 0 iπx ij,, x ij,x s ij = x ij Πx 0 i, x s ij 2 : 1 1 1, : j i : L RKS. K = RKS. J + DT 3 ( RKZZL. J K - RKSWS.J K), n : L DSCYZJ Z. K = DSCYZJ Z. J + DT 3 gx 0, j DSCYZJ ZZZL.J K gy j = ( 1 x s 1 j, L GDP. K= GDP.J + DT 3 GDPZZLI.J K 2 x s 2 j,, i x s ij,, m x s mj ) ( j = 1,2,, n) gy j :L LYZRC. K= LYZRC.J + DT 3 LYZRCZZLI.J K gy 0 = ( 1 1, 2 1,, m 1) T gy 0,, gy 0 = g, gy j j ; g, gy j g, L LYZSR. K= LYZSR.J + DT 3 LYZSRZZLI.J K L LXSSL. K= LXSSL.J + DT 3 LXSNJ ZZLI.J K L LYFDSL. K= LYFDSL.J + DT 3 LYFDNJ ZZLI.J K L LXSYYSR. K=LXSYYSR.J + DT 3 LXSYYSRZZLI.J K j ; L L YFDYYSR. K = L YFDYYSR. J + DT 3 gy j g,j LYFDYYSRZZLI.J K 34

6 TOURISM TRIBUNE A YFZDL. K = SQRT (LYQWTJ. K 3 LYQWTJ. K + LYZRHJJC. K 3 LYZRHJJC. K + SHJJJC. K 3 SHJJJC. K + SHWHJC. K3 SHWHJC. K + LYZYTJ. K3 LYZYTJ. K +LYFWSS. K3 LYFWSS. K + LYRLZY. K 3 LYRLZY. K+ ZFZY. K3 ZFZY. K) A LYFZSP. K = SQRT (LYFZGM. K 3 LYFZGM. K + LYCYJ G. K3 LYCYJ G. K+ LYFZSD. K3 LYFZSD. K + LYJJXY. K3 LYJJXY. K) A LYYX. K= SQRT(JJ YX. K 3 JJ YX. K + SHYX. K 3 SHYX. K+ HJ YX. K3 HJ YX. K) A LYJJLX. K= LYJJLQD. K3 LYJJLQDQZΠLYJJLQDBZ A DTCSL YGX. K = SQRT ( DTLVZSRGX. K 3 DTLVZSRGX. K + DTLVZRCGX. K 3 DTLVZRCGX. K) A LYJ ZL. K = SQRT (LYFZDL. K 3 LYFZDL. K + LYFZSP. K 3 LYFZSP. K + LYYX. K 3 LYYX. K + L YJJLX. K 3 L YJJLX. K + DTCSL YGX. K 3 DTCSL YGX. K), RKS, RKZZL, RKSWS,DSCYZJ Z,DSCYZJ ZZZL,LYZRC,LYZRCZZLI, LYZSR,LYZSRZZLI,LXSSL,LXSZZLI,LYFDSL,LYFDZZLI,LXSYYSR, LYFDYYSR,LYFZDL,LYQWTJ,LYZRHJJC, SHJJJC, SHWHJC,LYZYTJ,LYFWSS,LYRLZY, ZFZY,LYFZSP,LYFZGM,LYCYJ G,LYFZSD,LYJJXY,LYYX,JJ YX,SHYX,HJ YX, LYJJLX,LYJJLQD,LYJJLQDQZ,LYJJLQDBZ,DTCSLYGX,DTLVZSRGX,DTLVZRCGX, LYJ ZL 31213,, , ;,,,,,, ;,,,,, [ ] [ 1 ],. 2004[ R]. :,2005. [ 2 ],. [J ]. (),2006, (5) : [ 3 ],,,. [J ]., 2006, 25 (4) : [ 4 ],. [J ]., 2007, 17 (6) : [ 5 ]. [J ]., 2006, 26 (S2) : [ 6 ]. :[J ]., 2007, 22 (2) : [ 7 ],. [J ]., 2005,14 (3) : [ 8 ]. [J ]., 2006, (3) :

7 [ 9 ],,. [J ]., 2001, 21 (3) : [10 ]. [J ].,2007, 23 (3) : [11 ],,. [J ]., 2006, 26 (3) : [12 ],,. [J ]., 2003, 18 (3) : [13 ] Ritchie J R B, Crouch G I. The competitive destination : A sustainability perspective[j ]. Tourism Management, 2000, 21 (1) : 1-7. [14 ] () ;,,,. [ M]. :, ; 435. [15 ],. [J ]., 2006, (14) : [16 ],. [J ]., 2001, 56 (3) : [17 ],. [M]. :, A Discussion about Appraisal Index System of Tourism Competitiveness and Measuring Method in Urban Agglomeration DONG Suo2cheng 1, LI Xue 1,2, ZHANG Guang2hai 3, J IN Xian2feng 1,2 (1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing , China ; 2. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China ; 3. Management Institute of Ocean University of China, Qingdao , China) Abstract: The paper constructs appraisal index system of tourism competitiveness from the perspective of entire urban agglomeration and single interior cities, which involves driving force of tourism development, development level of tourism industry, tourism impact, tourism economic connection and contributions of different regional tourism. Moreover, the authors determine evaluating method of tourism competitiveness and dynamic measuring method of system dynamics in the hope of providing certain study method and ideas for analysis for the evaluation of tourism competitiveness and the analysis of changing trends in urban agglomeration. Key words : urban agglomeration ; tourism competitiveness ; evaluation index system ; system dynamics [ :; :] (, ) [ ],, 5 : : ; 5, [];; ; ; []F59 []A [ ] (2009) , Π ( [ ] - ( ) [ ] [ ] ( ),,,,, 36