Computer Simulations of Parallel-to-Series Conversion in Solid State Frame Transfer Image Sensors. J. Bisschop
|
|
- Benjamin Wilson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 207 SIMULATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AND PROCESSES Vol. 3 Edted by G. Baccaran, M. Rudan - Bologna (Italy) September 26-28,988 - Tecnoprnt Computer Smulatons of Parallel-to-Seres Converson n Sold State Frame Transfer Image Sensors J. Bsschop Phlps Research Laboratores P.O. Box , 5600 JA Endhoven, The Nehterlands Abstract In developng a sold state mage sensor wthout the problems of ncomplete charge transfer or nsuffcent charge handlng capacty t s necessary to smulate the electrcal behavour of the devce. We perform these smulatons usng a 3D off-state and a 2D on-state semconductor smulaton package. The use of a 3D package s necessary because of the complcated structure of the devce. As an example of the applcaton of these smulatons the calculaton of charge transfer effcency n the parallel-to-seres converson n a frame transfer mage sensor s explaned. Introducton The frame transfer mage sensor s a type of sensor n whch the whole mage area s senstve to lght. It conssts bascally of three sectons: mage, storage, and read-out secton (see Fg. ). The prncple of operaton s as follows. Photons ncdent on the mage secton generate electron-hole pars n the bulk of the slcon. The electrons are collected n each pxel under postve electrodes, whle the holes are draned off. The mage and storage secton consst of parallel runnng vertcal CCD regsters. Charge packets ntegrated n the pxels of the mage secton are transported quckly through these CCD regsters to the storage secton. After that a new feld s ntegrated, whle the storage secton s read out lne by lne. The horzontal read-out regster conssts of three parallel CCD regsters to allow a hgh pxel densty at relaxed desgn rules. The lnes are read out from the horzontal regsters at the proper vdeo frequency. All regsters are bulk n-channel CCD regsters.
2 208 WnckWl ' n-d J!CG pntc-rr?68 nou pet ted!!j'!;r! -!!!-- -,- "j~r_t * J' r J TG, 7G?! 73 TG, ^ ) ^ -JTL L ;'" " ' /./' xo! : : : 2c] c 3c' XC j xd,- r be A lc XC] XO J j L ~^v~ r 2C! C XC j XD '! XC, ' XC; < ', 2C c] 2C XR ' XC / f IC XC; J - " / 2C* IC j XC '.-,.. f! XD Fg. J, Schematc representaton of the frame transfer mage sensor. Fg. 2. Output regster of the mage sensor. The shaded areas are channel stop (SP) regons. IC, 2C ndcate the three phases of the horzontal read-out regster. XA,, XC are the frst, second, thrd poly-s layer respectvely. Vertcal charge transport durng parallel-to-seres converson occurs preferentally along the lne A-A'. The dashed lnes ndcate the area used n the smulaton of Fg. 3. The charge packets contan at most about 20U,000 electrons. The senstvty s lmted by nose whch amounts typcally to 20 to 70 electrons. So, the sensor s an analog devce whch must be able to handle very large as well as very small charge packets. Ths places hgh demands upon the accuracy of devce smulatons. All sensors are desgned wth the help of computer smulatons n order to prevent problems wth charge storage and transfer of charge packets. Due to the small scale of the detals of the devce 3D calculatons are necessary to obtan relable results. Furthermore, t s necessary to have the possblty of performng on-state (transent) calculatons n order to study charge transport. We have at our dsposal the packages Paddy (3D off-state) and Curry (2D on-state) (Polak, den Hcyer, Schlders. 987). In the next secton the use of these packages wll be demonstrated on the bass of a problem n the parallcl-lo-seres converson at the transton from the storage secton to the horzontal read-out regster.
3 209 Parallel-to-seres converson A part of the transton between the storage secton and the horzontal readout regster s shown n detal n Fg. 2. In the mage and storage sectons the vertcal CCD regsters are shfted n parallel. In the horzontal read-out regster the pxels are read out serally. Charge packets n vertcal channels debouchng nto C are transported down to the bottom regster (OB) through OT, TG2, OM, and TG3 regsters. The packets above 2C are transported to OM and the packets above stay n the top regster OT. After that the packets are transported n parallel n the three regsters. The structure whch provdes ths converson s rather complcated. The onzed dopants together wth the voltage dfferences between the electrodes create electrc felds for the transportaton of charge n the horzontal as well as n the vertcal drecton. Moreover, the onzed dopant atoms create a potental dstrbuton perpendcular to the surface of the devce. Therefore 3D smulatons are necessary. I l,,. l. ',»' *?'"*:' ;] ;: :; a u, -0.6 I x (ym) Fg. 3. Contour map of the channel potental under the C electrode. There s a large potental well under C and a small one under the TG lp. Fg. 4. Channel potental along the drecton of charge transport from C to TG3. One of the problems encountered n parallel-to-seres converson s mperfect charge transfer from C to TG3 (or TG2). The effect of such an mperfect-on s that charge from OB stays behnd n OM or OT, leadng to dark and brght vertcal strpes n the dsplayed mage. The problem s due to a potental barrer near the TG entrance. The barrer s caused by the p-type channel stop regons. Fg. 3 shows a contour map of the channel potental (= potental at depth of charge transport) under the C electrode. The map was obtaned from 3D Paddy calculatons. The fgure shows a potental barrer near the TG entrance. The barrer can only be found wth 3D calculatons. Fg. 4 shows a plot of the channel potental along the lne of charge transfer A - A' n Fg. 2. It s not possble to make the barrer dsappear by rasng the TG voltage.
4 20 On-state calculatons There are several ways lo solve the problem. We shall menton and elucdate a few possbltes, () Shorten the C electrodes. Ths ncreases the drvng electrc feld from C to TG, and hence lowers the barrer, () Enlarge the lp of the TG electrodes. The lp serves to reduce the potental barrer and to draw electrons under TG. Both methods lmt the charge handlng capacty of the horzontal regsters. Therefore, the maxmum amount of charge whch can be held under the C electrodes has been calculated wth Paddy, () Reducton of the SP mplant reduces the repulsve acton of the channel stop regons and consequently results n reducton of the barrer. In order to determne what demands a soluton must satsfy we must know what potental barrer heght stll yelds undsturbed charge transfer. It s clear that no barrer s the best case, but ths turned out to be hardly feasble n practce f we wsh to allow a certan degree of msalgnment. Therefore we studed charge transport over such a barrer wth the 2D on-state package Curry. From 3D calculatons the channel potental along the lne ol charge translcr (A - A' <-. J_\ss, TG3, TGM n TG33 C dp C,3 S.O? Sj ) LlL co -" s, f / n V,,.35V TG3=6V c «3V c?.c3.3v p 3 V tje" N u= 8v f a ^ _ K, s 2 ^ n $ to _ Z n!m «5! ^\ v.. z s, - Fg. 5. Input structure for the 2D on-state calculatons. The thck lnes ndcate metal electrodes. Tle electrodes TG3 and C have been dvded nto three parts. Fg. 6. Channel potental along A-A' (Fg. 2) from 3D ( ) and 2D (- -) off-state calculatons.
5 2 n Fg. 2) was determned. Ths regon was then used as nput regon for Curry (see Fg. 5). In the 2D model n-contacts have been added on both sdes, whle a p-contact s on one sde only. Furthermore, two swtchng electrodes SI and S2 have been added to solate the C - TG regon from the contacts. In order to obtan the rght channel potental everywhere, the electrodes C and TG were devded nto three parts each. The potentals on these electrodes were adjusted such that the 2D off-state calculatons produced a good ft to the results from Paddy (see Fg. 6). The heght of the potental barrer can be adjusted wth the electrodes TG33 and Cll. The 2D on-state calculatons are rather complcated. In the frst run all potentals are set to 0 V. In the second (transent) run the holes have to be removed by drvng them to the p-contact. After that the electrons are removed by the n-contacts, except for a certan amount of charge whch stays under C. Ths s the startng stuaton for our on-state calculatons. The swtches SI and S2, and TG are negatve, whle C s postve. The next transent takes TG to a postve voltage. Charge flows over the potental barrer from C to TG. Dependng on the barrer heght a certan amount of charge stays under C. C goes negatve n a transent after 200 ns. Most of the rest charge s drven to TG. The results are shown n Fg. 7. I 'I V,,, _l L I!nj) _, y (volt) Fg. 7. Charge transfer from 2D smulatons for dfferent barrer heghts. At t = 0 TG3 goes postve. At t = 200 ns C goes negatve wthn 20 ns. Fg. 8. Rest charge n C as a functon of barrer heght from 2D calculatons, (a) start of C transent (t = 200 ns). (o) end of C transent (t = 220 ns). In Fg. 8 we show the rest charge at the onset and at the end of the last transent. The electrons whch are stll under C at the moment ths electrode becomes negatve, can go to the neghbourng 2C and electrodes and cause
6 22 the vertcal strpes. From Fg. 8 wc fnd that less than 0 electrons stay under \C f the barrer heght s less than 0. V. In vew of the nose level of electrons wc state that a barrer heght < 4 kt s acceptable n ths case. Fg. 9 shows typcal expermental curves found n a sensor whch exhbted vertcal strpes. Devatons from the form of the curves n Fg. 7 are thought to result from the 2D character of the on-stale smulatons, n whch the effect of a narrow entrance s neelectcd Fg. 9. Expermental number of electrons n C as a functon of tme for four dfferent C cells. Here C does not go negatve at t = 200 ns. Solutons The solutons whch were tred n practce are shortenng of the C electrodes and reducton of the shallow p-mplant. Smulatons predcted a slghtly belter performance for the latter soluton. Ths was also found n practce. Sensors wth a reduced p-mplantaton were free of vertcal strpes. Conclusons In vew of our results we can state that () the complcated structure of the parallel-to-seres converson n frame transfer mage sensors necesstates the use of 3D smulatons. () n order to smulate charge transport n CCD regsters wth potental barrers n the channel t s necessary to use an on-state smulaton package. () the essental propertes of parallel-to-scres converson n frame transfer sensors can be modelled properly wth 3D off-state and 2D on-state smulaton packages. Reference Polak S.J., C. den Hejcr and W.H. A. Schlders (987). Semconductor devce modellng from the numercal pont of vew. Internatonal Journal for Numercal Methods n Engneerng, Vol. 24, pp
Temperature. Chapter Heat Engine
Chapter 3 Temperature In prevous chapters of these notes we ntroduced the Prncple of Maxmum ntropy as a technque for estmatng probablty dstrbutons consstent wth constrants. In Chapter 9 we dscussed the
More informationTutorial 2. COMP4134 Biometrics Authentication. February 9, Jun Xu, Teaching Asistant
Tutoral 2 COMP434 ometrcs uthentcaton Jun Xu, Teachng sstant csjunxu@comp.polyu.edu.hk February 9, 207 Table of Contents Problems Problem : nswer the questons Problem 2: Power law functon Problem 3: Convoluton
More informationAdiabatic Sorption of Ammonia-Water System and Depicting in p-t-x Diagram
Adabatc Sorpton of Ammona-Water System and Depctng n p-t-x Dagram J. POSPISIL, Z. SKALA Faculty of Mechancal Engneerng Brno Unversty of Technology Techncka 2, Brno 61669 CZECH REPUBLIC Abstract: - Absorpton
More informationModule 14: THE INTEGRAL Exploring Calculus
Module 14: THE INTEGRAL Explorng Calculus Part I Approxmatons and the Defnte Integral It was known n the 1600s before the calculus was developed that the area of an rregularly shaped regon could be approxmated
More informationTHE CURRENT BALANCE Physics 258/259
DSH 1988, 005 THE CURRENT BALANCE Physcs 58/59 The tme average force between two parallel conductors carryng an alternatng current s measured by balancng ths force aganst the gravtatonal force on a set
More informationImprovement of Histogram Equalization for Minimum Mean Brightness Error
Proceedngs of the 7 WSEAS Int. Conference on Crcuts, Systems, Sgnal and elecommuncatons, Gold Coast, Australa, January 7-9, 7 3 Improvement of Hstogram Equalzaton for Mnmum Mean Brghtness Error AAPOG PHAHUA*,
More informationOver-Temperature protection for IGBT modules
Over-Temperature protecton for IGBT modules Ke Wang 1, Yongjun Lao 2, Gaosheng Song 1, Xanku Ma 1 1 Mtsubsh Electrc & Electroncs (Shangha) Co., Ltd., Chna Room2202, Tower 3, Kerry Plaza, No.1-1 Zhongxns
More informationUncertainty in measurements of power and energy on power networks
Uncertanty n measurements of power and energy on power networks E. Manov, N. Kolev Department of Measurement and Instrumentaton, Techncal Unversty Sofa, bul. Klment Ohrdsk No8, bl., 000 Sofa, Bulgara Tel./fax:
More informationSupplementary Materials for
advances.scencemag.org/cg/content/full/2/7/e1600304/dc1 Supplementary Materals for Interface-drven topologcal Hall effect n SrRuO3-SrIrO3 blayer Jobu Matsuno, Naok Ogawa, Kenj Yasuda, Fumtaka Kagawa, Wataru
More informationNumerical modelization by finite differences of a thermoelectric refrigeration device of double jump". Experimental validation.
Numercal modelzaton by fnte dfferences of a thermoelectrc refrgeraton devce of double jump". Expermental valdaton. A. Rodríguez, J.G. Ván, D. Astran, Dpto. Ingenería Mecánca, Energétca y de Materales.
More informationClock-Gating and Its Application to Low Power Design of Sequential Circuits
Clock-Gatng and Its Applcaton to Low Power Desgn of Sequental Crcuts ng WU Department of Electrcal Engneerng-Systems, Unversty of Southern Calforna Los Angeles, CA 989, USA, Phone: (23)74-448 Massoud PEDRAM
More informationAnalysis of the Magnetomotive Force of a Three-Phase Winding with Concentrated Coils and Different Symmetry Features
Analyss of the Magnetomotve Force of a Three-Phase Wndng wth Concentrated Cols and Dfferent Symmetry Features Deter Gerlng Unversty of Federal Defense Munch, Neubberg, 85579, Germany Emal: Deter.Gerlng@unbw.de
More informationRECEIVED. Negative Transverse Impedance
RECEVED SEP 2 3 996 OSTt > LS- 4 O C a f L W. Chou March 2, 989 (Rev. June 2, 9S9) Negatve Transverse mpedance ntroducton n Ref. ( we report an observaton that the horzontal and the vertcal loss factors
More informationModule 9. Lecture 6. Duality in Assignment Problems
Module 9 1 Lecture 6 Dualty n Assgnment Problems In ths lecture we attempt to answer few other mportant questons posed n earler lecture for (AP) and see how some of them can be explaned through the concept
More informationChapter 8. Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy
Chapter 8 Potental Energy and Conservaton of Energy In ths chapter we wll ntroduce the followng concepts: Potental Energy Conservatve and non-conservatve forces Mechancal Energy Conservaton of Mechancal
More informationThe equation of motion of a dynamical system is given by a set of differential equations. That is (1)
Dynamcal Systems Many engneerng and natural systems are dynamcal systems. For example a pendulum s a dynamcal system. State l The state of the dynamcal system specfes t condtons. For a pendulum n the absence
More informationAPPENDIX 2 FITTING A STRAIGHT LINE TO OBSERVATIONS
Unversty of Oulu Student Laboratory n Physcs Laboratory Exercses n Physcs 1 1 APPEDIX FITTIG A STRAIGHT LIE TO OBSERVATIOS In the physcal measurements we often make a seres of measurements of the dependent
More informationELECTRONIC DEVICES. Assist. prof. Laura-Nicoleta IVANCIU, Ph.D. C13 MOSFET operation
ELECTRONIC EVICES Assst. prof. Laura-Ncoleta IVANCIU, Ph.. C13 MOSFET operaton Contents Symbols Structure and physcal operaton Operatng prncple Transfer and output characterstcs Quescent pont Operatng
More information#64. ΔS for Isothermal Mixing of Ideal Gases
#64 Carnot Heat Engne ΔS for Isothermal Mxng of Ideal Gases ds = S dt + S T V V S = P V T T V PV = nrt, P T ds = v T = nr V dv V nr V V = nrln V V = - nrln V V ΔS ΔS ΔS for Isothermal Mxng for Ideal Gases
More informationAPPLICATION OF EDDY CURRENT PRINCIPLES FOR MEASUREMENT OF TUBE CENTERLINE
APPLICATION OF EDDY CURRENT PRINCIPLES FOR MEASUREMENT OF TUBE CENTERLINE DEFLECTION E. J. Chern Martn Maretta Laboratores 1450 South Rollng Road Baltmore, MD 21227 INTRODUCTION Tubes are a vtal component
More informationComparison of Regression Lines
STATGRAPHICS Rev. 9/13/2013 Comparson of Regresson Lnes Summary... 1 Data Input... 3 Analyss Summary... 4 Plot of Ftted Model... 6 Condtonal Sums of Squares... 6 Analyss Optons... 7 Forecasts... 8 Confdence
More informationModule 3 LOSSY IMAGE COMPRESSION SYSTEMS. Version 2 ECE IIT, Kharagpur
Module 3 LOSSY IMAGE COMPRESSION SYSTEMS Verson ECE IIT, Kharagpur Lesson 6 Theory of Quantzaton Verson ECE IIT, Kharagpur Instructonal Objectves At the end of ths lesson, the students should be able to:
More informationNegative Binomial Regression
STATGRAPHICS Rev. 9/16/2013 Negatve Bnomal Regresson Summary... 1 Data Input... 3 Statstcal Model... 3 Analyss Summary... 4 Analyss Optons... 7 Plot of Ftted Model... 8 Observed Versus Predcted... 10 Predctons...
More informationNumerical Transient Heat Conduction Experiment
Numercal ransent Heat Conducton Experment OBJECIVE 1. o demonstrate the basc prncples of conducton heat transfer.. o show how the thermal conductvty of a sold can be measured. 3. o demonstrate the use
More informationPhysics 2A Chapter 3 HW Solutions
Phscs A Chapter 3 HW Solutons Chapter 3 Conceptual Queston: 4, 6, 8, Problems: 5,, 8, 7, 3, 44, 46, 69, 70, 73 Q3.4. Reason: (a) C = A+ B onl A and B are n the same drecton. Sze does not matter. (b) C
More informationElectrical double layer: revisit based on boundary conditions
Electrcal double layer: revst based on boundary condtons Jong U. Km Department of Electrcal and Computer Engneerng, Texas A&M Unversty College Staton, TX 77843-318, USA Abstract The electrcal double layer
More informationTHE EFFECT OF BEAM TO COLUMN CONNECTION IN ARC PORTAL FRAME
THE EFFECT OF BEAM TO COLUMN CONNECTON N ARC PORTAL FRAME Asko Keronen Rakenteden Mekankka, Vol. 26 No 2 1993, ss. 35-5 SUMMARY A full scale rc (renforced concrete) portal frame has been bult n order to
More informationAdvanced Circuits Topics - Part 1 by Dr. Colton (Fall 2017)
Advanced rcuts Topcs - Part by Dr. olton (Fall 07) Part : Some thngs you should already know from Physcs 0 and 45 These are all thngs that you should have learned n Physcs 0 and/or 45. Ths secton s organzed
More informationSection 8.3 Polar Form of Complex Numbers
80 Chapter 8 Secton 8 Polar Form of Complex Numbers From prevous classes, you may have encountered magnary numbers the square roots of negatve numbers and, more generally, complex numbers whch are the
More informationCalculation of time complexity (3%)
Problem 1. (30%) Calculaton of tme complexty (3%) Gven n ctes, usng exhaust search to see every result takes O(n!). Calculaton of tme needed to solve the problem (2%) 40 ctes:40! dfferent tours 40 add
More informationCopyright 2017 by Taylor Enterprises, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Adjusted Control Limits for P Charts. Dr. Wayne A. Taylor
Taylor Enterprses, Inc. Control Lmts for P Charts Copyrght 2017 by Taylor Enterprses, Inc., All Rghts Reserved. Control Lmts for P Charts Dr. Wayne A. Taylor Abstract: P charts are used for count data
More informationGravitational Acceleration: A case of constant acceleration (approx. 2 hr.) (6/7/11)
Gravtatonal Acceleraton: A case of constant acceleraton (approx. hr.) (6/7/11) Introducton The gravtatonal force s one of the fundamental forces of nature. Under the nfluence of ths force all objects havng
More informationSTUDY OF A THREE-AXIS PIEZORESISTIVE ACCELEROMETER WITH UNIFORM AXIAL SENSITIVITIES
STUDY OF A THREE-AXIS PIEZORESISTIVE ACCELEROMETER WITH UNIFORM AXIAL SENSITIVITIES Abdelkader Benchou, PhD Canddate Nasreddne Benmoussa, PhD Kherreddne Ghaffour, PhD Unversty of Tlemcen/Unt of Materals
More information= 1.23 m/s 2 [W] Required: t. Solution:!t = = 17 m/s [W]! m/s [W] (two extra digits carried) = 2.1 m/s [W]
Secton 1.3: Acceleraton Tutoral 1 Practce, page 24 1. Gven: 0 m/s; 15.0 m/s [S]; t 12.5 s Requred: Analyss: a av v t v f v t a v av f v t 15.0 m/s [S] 0 m/s 12.5 s 15.0 m/s [S] 12.5 s 1.20 m/s 2 [S] Statement:
More informationMore metrics on cartesian products
More metrcs on cartesan products If (X, d ) are metrc spaces for 1 n, then n Secton II4 of the lecture notes we defned three metrcs on X whose underlyng topologes are the product topology The purpose of
More informationEVALUATION OF THE VISCO-ELASTIC PROPERTIES IN ASPHALT RUBBER AND CONVENTIONAL MIXES
EVALUATION OF THE VISCO-ELASTIC PROPERTIES IN ASPHALT RUBBER AND CONVENTIONAL MIXES Manuel J. C. Mnhoto Polytechnc Insttute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal E-mal: mnhoto@pb.pt Paulo A. A. Perera and Jorge
More informationNote 10. Modeling and Simulation of Dynamic Systems
Lecture Notes of ME 475: Introducton to Mechatroncs Note 0 Modelng and Smulaton of Dynamc Systems Department of Mechancal Engneerng, Unversty Of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drve, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
More informationCOEFFICIENT DIAGRAM: A NOVEL TOOL IN POLYNOMIAL CONTROLLER DESIGN
Int. J. Chem. Sc.: (4), 04, 645654 ISSN 097768X www.sadgurupublcatons.com COEFFICIENT DIAGRAM: A NOVEL TOOL IN POLYNOMIAL CONTROLLER DESIGN R. GOVINDARASU a, R. PARTHIBAN a and P. K. BHABA b* a Department
More informationHigh resolution entropy stable scheme for shallow water equations
Internatonal Symposum on Computers & Informatcs (ISCI 05) Hgh resoluton entropy stable scheme for shallow water equatons Xaohan Cheng,a, Yufeng Ne,b, Department of Appled Mathematcs, Northwestern Polytechncal
More informationTHE IGNITION PARAMETER - A quantification of the probability of ignition
THE IGNITION PARAMETER - A quantfcaton of the probablty of ton INFUB9-2011 Topc: Modellng of fundamental processes Man author Nels Bjarne K. Rasmussen Dansh Gas Technology Centre (DGC) NBR@dgc.dk Co-author
More informationTracking with Kalman Filter
Trackng wth Kalman Flter Scott T. Acton Vrgna Image and Vdeo Analyss (VIVA), Charles L. Brown Department of Electrcal and Computer Engneerng Department of Bomedcal Engneerng Unversty of Vrgna, Charlottesvlle,
More information3.6 Limiting and Clamping Circuits
3/10/2008 secton_3_6_lmtng_and_clampng_crcuts 1/1 3.6 Lmtng and Clampng Crcuts Readng Assgnment: pp. 184-187 (.e., neglect secton 3.6.2) Another applcaton of juncton dodes Q: What s a lmter? A: A 2-port
More informationCHAPTER 14 GENERAL PERTURBATION THEORY
CHAPTER 4 GENERAL PERTURBATION THEORY 4 Introducton A partcle n orbt around a pont mass or a sphercally symmetrc mass dstrbuton s movng n a gravtatonal potental of the form GM / r In ths potental t moves
More informationCONTRAST ENHANCEMENT FOR MIMIMUM MEAN BRIGHTNESS ERROR FROM HISTOGRAM PARTITIONING INTRODUCTION
CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT FOR MIMIMUM MEAN BRIGHTNESS ERROR FROM HISTOGRAM PARTITIONING N. Phanthuna 1,2, F. Cheevasuvt 2 and S. Chtwong 2 1 Department of Electrcal Engneerng, Faculty of Engneerng Rajamangala
More informationIndeterminate pin-jointed frames (trusses)
Indetermnate pn-jonted frames (trusses) Calculaton of member forces usng force method I. Statcal determnacy. The degree of freedom of any truss can be derved as: w= k d a =, where k s the number of all
More informationTurbulence classification of load data by the frequency and severity of wind gusts. Oscar Moñux, DEWI GmbH Kevin Bleibler, DEWI GmbH
Turbulence classfcaton of load data by the frequency and severty of wnd gusts Introducton Oscar Moñux, DEWI GmbH Kevn Blebler, DEWI GmbH Durng the wnd turbne developng process, one of the most mportant
More informationCOMPARISON OF SOME RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN REDUNDANT SYSTEMS REQUIRING SUPPORTING UNITS FOR THEIR OPERATIONS
Avalable onlne at http://sck.org J. Math. Comput. Sc. 3 (3), No., 6-3 ISSN: 97-537 COMPARISON OF SOME RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN REDUNDANT SYSTEMS REQUIRING SUPPORTING UNITS FOR THEIR OPERATIONS
More information2016 Wiley. Study Session 2: Ethical and Professional Standards Application
6 Wley Study Sesson : Ethcal and Professonal Standards Applcaton LESSON : CORRECTION ANALYSIS Readng 9: Correlaton and Regresson LOS 9a: Calculate and nterpret a sample covarance and a sample correlaton
More informationLecture 14: Forces and Stresses
The Nuts and Bolts of Frst-Prncples Smulaton Lecture 14: Forces and Stresses Durham, 6th-13th December 2001 CASTEP Developers Group wth support from the ESF ψ k Network Overvew of Lecture Why bother? Theoretcal
More informationKernel Methods and SVMs Extension
Kernel Methods and SVMs Extenson The purpose of ths document s to revew materal covered n Machne Learnng 1 Supervsed Learnng regardng support vector machnes (SVMs). Ths document also provdes a general
More informationMagnetic Field Around The New 400kV OH Power Transmission Lines In Libya
ECENT ADVANCES n ENEGY & ENVIONMENT Magnetc Feld Around The New kv OH Power Transmsson Lnes In Lbya JAMAL M. EHTAIBA * SAYEH M. ELHABASHI ** Organzaton for Development of Admnstratve Centers, ODAC MISUATA
More information( ) = ( ) + ( 0) ) ( )
EETOMAGNETI OMPATIBIITY HANDBOOK 1 hapter 9: Transent Behavor n the Tme Doman 9.1 Desgn a crcut usng reasonable values for the components that s capable of provdng a tme delay of 100 ms to a dgtal sgnal.
More informationConstitutive Modelling of Superplastic AA-5083
TECHNISCHE MECHANIK, 3, -5, (01, 1-6 submtted: September 19, 011 Consttutve Modellng of Superplastc AA-5083 G. Gulano In ths study a fast procedure for determnng the constants of superplastc 5083 Al alloy
More informationPulse Coded Modulation
Pulse Coded Modulaton PCM (Pulse Coded Modulaton) s a voce codng technque defned by the ITU-T G.711 standard and t s used n dgtal telephony to encode the voce sgnal. The frst step n the analog to dgtal
More informationNumerical Heat and Mass Transfer
Master degree n Mechancal Engneerng Numercal Heat and Mass Transfer 06-Fnte-Dfference Method (One-dmensonal, steady state heat conducton) Fausto Arpno f.arpno@uncas.t Introducton Why we use models and
More informationAP Physics 1 & 2 Summer Assignment
AP Physcs 1 & 2 Summer Assgnment AP Physcs 1 requres an exceptonal profcency n algebra, trgonometry, and geometry. It was desgned by a select group of college professors and hgh school scence teachers
More informationtitle: SEM Charging Effect Model for Chromium/Quartz Photolithography Masks authors: Adam Seeger, Alessandro Duci, Horst Haussecker
1 ttle: SEM Chargng Effect Model for Chromum/Quartz Photolthography Masks authors: Adam Seeger, Alessandro Duc, Horst Haussecker department/nsttuton: Computatonal Nano-Vson Group, Intel Corporaton address
More informationLecture 12: Discrete Laplacian
Lecture 12: Dscrete Laplacan Scrbe: Tanye Lu Our goal s to come up wth a dscrete verson of Laplacan operator for trangulated surfaces, so that we can use t n practce to solve related problems We are mostly
More informationOdd/Even Scroll Generation with Inductorless Chua s and Wien Bridge Oscillator Circuits
Watcharn Jantanate, Peter A. Chayasena, Sarawut Sutorn Odd/Even Scroll Generaton wth Inductorless Chua s and Wen Brdge Oscllator Crcuts Watcharn Jantanate, Peter A. Chayasena, and Sarawut Sutorn * School
More information/ n ) are compared. The logic is: if the two
STAT C141, Sprng 2005 Lecture 13 Two sample tests One sample tests: examples of goodness of ft tests, where we are testng whether our data supports predctons. Two sample tests: called as tests of ndependence
More informationBasic Statistical Analysis and Yield Calculations
October 17, 007 Basc Statstcal Analyss and Yeld Calculatons Dr. José Ernesto Rayas Sánchez 1 Outlne Sources of desgn-performance uncertanty Desgn and development processes Desgn for manufacturablty A general
More informationPsychology 282 Lecture #24 Outline Regression Diagnostics: Outliers
Psychology 282 Lecture #24 Outlne Regresson Dagnostcs: Outlers In an earler lecture we studed the statstcal assumptons underlyng the regresson model, ncludng the followng ponts: Formal statement of assumptons.
More informationGrover s Algorithm + Quantum Zeno Effect + Vaidman
Grover s Algorthm + Quantum Zeno Effect + Vadman CS 294-2 Bomb 10/12/04 Fall 2004 Lecture 11 Grover s algorthm Recall that Grover s algorthm for searchng over a space of sze wors as follows: consder the
More informationB and H sensors for 3-D magnetic property testing
B and H sensors for 3-D magnetc property testng Zh We Ln, Jan Guo Zhu, You Guang Guo, Jn Jang Zhong, and Ha We Lu Faculty of Engneerng, Unversty of Technology, Sydney, PO Bo 123, Broadway, SW 2007, Australa
More informationExperimental Studies of Quasi-fission Reactions. B.B.Back, B.G.Glagola, D.Henderson, S.B.Kaufman, J.G.Keller, S.J.Sanders, F.Videbaek, and B.D.
Expermental Studes of Quas-fsson Reactons The submtted manuscrpt hs been authored by a contractor o the U. S. Government under contract No. W-31 19-ENG-3B. Accordmglv. the U. S- Government retans a nonexclusve,
More informationEvaluation of Validation Metrics. O. Polach Final Meeting Frankfurt am Main, September 27, 2013
Evaluaton of Valdaton Metrcs O. Polach Fnal Meetng Frankfurt am Man, September 7, 013 Contents What s Valdaton Metrcs? Valdaton Metrcs evaluated n DynoTRAIN WP5 Drawbacks of Valdaton Metrcs Conclusons
More informationOne-sided finite-difference approximations suitable for use with Richardson extrapolation
Journal of Computatonal Physcs 219 (2006) 13 20 Short note One-sded fnte-dfference approxmatons sutable for use wth Rchardson extrapolaton Kumar Rahul, S.N. Bhattacharyya * Department of Mechancal Engneerng,
More informationMACHINE APPLIED MACHINE LEARNING LEARNING. Gaussian Mixture Regression
11 MACHINE APPLIED MACHINE LEARNING LEARNING MACHINE LEARNING Gaussan Mture Regresson 22 MACHINE APPLIED MACHINE LEARNING LEARNING Bref summary of last week s lecture 33 MACHINE APPLIED MACHINE LEARNING
More informationInductance Calculation for Conductors of Arbitrary Shape
CRYO/02/028 Aprl 5, 2002 Inductance Calculaton for Conductors of Arbtrary Shape L. Bottura Dstrbuton: Internal Summary In ths note we descrbe a method for the numercal calculaton of nductances among conductors
More informationDESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF CFRP RECTANGULAR BOX SUBJECTED TO ARBITRARY LOADINGS
Munch, Germany, 26-30 th June 2016 1 DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF CFRP RECTANGULAR BOX SUBJECTED TO ARBITRARY LOADINGS Q.T. Guo 1*, Z.Y. L 1, T. Ohor 1 and J. Takahash 1 1 Department of Systems Innovaton, School
More informationResource Allocation with a Budget Constraint for Computing Independent Tasks in the Cloud
Resource Allocaton wth a Budget Constrant for Computng Independent Tasks n the Cloud Wemng Sh and Bo Hong School of Electrcal and Computer Engneerng Georga Insttute of Technology, USA 2nd IEEE Internatonal
More informationLevel Crossing Spectroscopy
Level Crossng Spectroscopy October 8, 2008 Contents 1 Theory 1 2 Test set-up 4 3 Laboratory Exercses 4 3.1 Hanle-effect for fne structure.................... 4 3.2 Hanle-effect for hyperfne structure.................
More informationModal Strain Energy Decomposition Method for Damage Detection of an Offshore Structure Using Modal Testing Information
Thrd Chnese-German Jont Symposum on Coastal and Ocean Engneerng Natonal Cheng Kung Unversty, Tanan November 8-16, 2006 Modal Stran Energy Decomposton Method for Damage Detecton of an Offshore Structure
More informationEffect of loading frequency on the settlement of granular layer
Effect of loadng frequency on the settlement of granular layer Akko KONO Ralway Techncal Research Insttute, Japan Takash Matsushma Tsukuba Unversty, Japan ABSTRACT: Cyclc loadng tests were performed both
More informationStudy on Active Micro-vibration Isolation System with Linear Motor Actuator. Gong-yu PAN, Wen-yan GU and Dong LI
2017 2nd Internatonal Conference on Electrcal and Electroncs: echnques and Applcatons (EEA 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-416-5 Study on Actve Mcro-vbraton Isolaton System wth Lnear Motor Actuator Gong-yu PAN,
More informationSolutions to exam in SF1811 Optimization, Jan 14, 2015
Solutons to exam n SF8 Optmzaton, Jan 4, 25 3 3 O------O -4 \ / \ / The network: \/ where all lnks go from left to rght. /\ / \ / \ 6 O------O -5 2 4.(a) Let x = ( x 3, x 4, x 23, x 24 ) T, where the varable
More informationMMA and GCMMA two methods for nonlinear optimization
MMA and GCMMA two methods for nonlnear optmzaton Krster Svanberg Optmzaton and Systems Theory, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden. krlle@math.kth.se Ths note descrbes the algorthms used n the author s 2007 mplementatons
More informationHMMT February 2016 February 20, 2016
HMMT February 016 February 0, 016 Combnatorcs 1. For postve ntegers n, let S n be the set of ntegers x such that n dstnct lnes, no three concurrent, can dvde a plane nto x regons (for example, S = {3,
More informationThe Order Relation and Trace Inequalities for. Hermitian Operators
Internatonal Mathematcal Forum, Vol 3, 08, no, 507-57 HIKARI Ltd, wwwm-hkarcom https://doorg/0988/mf088055 The Order Relaton and Trace Inequaltes for Hermtan Operators Y Huang School of Informaton Scence
More informationThe topics in this section concern with the second course objective. Correlation is a linear relation between two random variables.
4.1 Correlaton The topcs n ths secton concern wth the second course objectve. Correlaton s a lnear relaton between two random varables. Note that the term relaton used n ths secton means connecton or relatonshp
More informationBoise State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ECE 212L Circuit Analysis and Design Lab
Bose State Unersty Department of Electrcal and omputer Engneerng EE 1L rcut Analyss and Desgn Lab Experment #8: The Integratng and Dfferentatng Op-Amp rcuts 1 Objectes The objectes of ths laboratory experment
More informationPhysics 4B. A positive value is obtained, so the current is counterclockwise around the circuit.
Physcs 4B Solutons to Chapter 7 HW Chapter 7: Questons:, 8, 0 Problems:,,, 45, 48,,, 7, 9 Queston 7- (a) no (b) yes (c) all te Queston 7-8 0 μc Queston 7-0, c;, a;, d; 4, b Problem 7- (a) Let be the current
More informationProblem Set 9 Solutions
Desgn and Analyss of Algorthms May 4, 2015 Massachusetts Insttute of Technology 6.046J/18.410J Profs. Erk Demane, Srn Devadas, and Nancy Lynch Problem Set 9 Solutons Problem Set 9 Solutons Ths problem
More informationPHYS 1441 Section 002 Lecture #16
PHYS 1441 Secton 00 Lecture #16 Monday, Mar. 4, 008 Potental Energy Conservatve and Non-conservatve Forces Conservaton o Mechancal Energy Power Today s homework s homework #8, due 9pm, Monday, Mar. 31!!
More informationRobert Eisberg Second edition CH 09 Multielectron atoms ground states and x-ray excitations
Quantum Physcs 量 理 Robert Esberg Second edton CH 09 Multelectron atoms ground states and x-ray exctatons 9-01 By gong through the procedure ndcated n the text, develop the tme-ndependent Schroednger equaton
More informationREAL TIME OPTIMIZATION OF a FCC REACTOR USING LSM DYNAMIC IDENTIFIED MODELS IN LLT PREDICTIVE CONTROL ALGORITHM
REAL TIME OTIMIZATION OF a FCC REACTOR USING LSM DYNAMIC IDENTIFIED MODELS IN LLT REDICTIVE CONTROL ALGORITHM Durask, R. G.; Fernandes,. R. B.; Trerweler, J. O. Secch; A. R. federal unversty of Ro Grande
More informationSTATISTICAL MECHANICS
STATISTICAL MECHANICS Thermal Energy Recall that KE can always be separated nto 2 terms: KE system = 1 2 M 2 total v CM KE nternal Rgd-body rotaton and elastc / sound waves Use smplfyng assumptons KE of
More informationPhys102 General Physics II
Electrc Potental/Energy Phys0 General Physcs II Electrc Potental Topcs Electrc potental energy and electrc potental Equpotental Surace Calculaton o potental rom eld Potental rom a pont charge Potental
More informationStructure and Drive Paul A. Jensen Copyright July 20, 2003
Structure and Drve Paul A. Jensen Copyrght July 20, 2003 A system s made up of several operatons wth flow passng between them. The structure of the system descrbes the flow paths from nputs to outputs.
More informationExperiment 1 Mass, volume and density
Experment 1 Mass, volume and densty Purpose 1. Famlarze wth basc measurement tools such as verner calper, mcrometer, and laboratory balance. 2. Learn how to use the concepts of sgnfcant fgures, expermental
More informationECEN 5005 Crystals, Nanocrystals and Device Applications Class 19 Group Theory For Crystals
ECEN 5005 Crystals, Nanocrystals and Devce Applcatons Class 9 Group Theory For Crystals Dee Dagram Radatve Transton Probablty Wgner-Ecart Theorem Selecton Rule Dee Dagram Expermentally determned energy
More informationPressure Measurements Laboratory
Lab # Pressure Measurements Laboratory Objectves:. To get hands-on experences on how to make pressure (surface pressure, statc pressure and total pressure nsde flow) measurements usng conventonal pressuremeasurng
More informationCFD VALIDATION OF STRATIFIED TWO-PHASE FLOWS IN A HORIZONTAL CHANNEL
CFD VALIDATION OF STRATIFIED TWO-PHASE FLOWS IN A HORIZONTAL CHANNEL 1. Introducton Chrstophe Vallée and Thomas Höhne In dfferent scenaros of small break Loss of Coolant Accdent (SB-LOCA), stratfed twophase
More informationLab 2e Thermal System Response and Effective Heat Transfer Coefficient
58:080 Expermental Engneerng 1 OBJECTIVE Lab 2e Thermal System Response and Effectve Heat Transfer Coeffcent Warnng: though the experment has educatonal objectves (to learn about bolng heat transfer, etc.),
More informationLNG CARGO TRANSFER CALCULATION METHODS AND ROUNDING-OFFS
CARGO TRANSFER CALCULATION METHODS AND ROUNDING-OFFS CONTENTS 1. Method for determnng transferred energy durng cargo transfer. Calculatng the transferred energy.1 Calculatng the gross transferred energy.1.1
More informationAssortment Optimization under MNL
Assortment Optmzaton under MNL Haotan Song Aprl 30, 2017 1 Introducton The assortment optmzaton problem ams to fnd the revenue-maxmzng assortment of products to offer when the prces of products are fxed.
More informationˆ (0.10 m) E ( N m /C ) 36 ˆj ( j C m)
7.. = = 3 = 4 = 5. The electrc feld s constant everywhere between the plates. Ths s ndcated by the electrc feld vectors, whch are all the same length and n the same drecton. 7.5. Model: The dstances to
More information3) Surrogate Responses
1) Introducton Vsual neurophysology has benefted greatly for many years through the use of smple, controlled stmul lke bars and gratngs. One common characterzaton of the responses elcted by these stmul
More informationCOMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS INTRODUCTION We know that x 0 for all x R e the square of a real number (whether postve, negatve or ero) s non-negatve Hence the equatons x, x, x + 7 0 etc are not
More informationDepartment of Electrical & Electronic Engineeing Imperial College London. E4.20 Digital IC Design. Median Filter Project Specification
Desgn Project Specfcaton Medan Flter Department of Electrcal & Electronc Engneeng Imperal College London E4.20 Dgtal IC Desgn Medan Flter Project Specfcaton A medan flter s used to remove nose from a sampled
More information