Best Management Practices for Coldwater Fisheries Enhancement and Restoration
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1 Best Management Practices for Coldwater Fisheries Enhancement and Restoration MACC Annual Environmental Conference 2017 March 3, 2017 Tim Dexter, MassDOT Highway Division 1 Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence
2 Presentation Overview Fluvial Geomorphology Bioengineering Coarse woody debris Stream Crossings Slope stabilization Example projects
3 Fluvial Geomorphology ( FGM ) The science of understanding river and stream channel responses to both human induced and natural disturbances. Predict stream channel responses to alterations in a watershed, and in turn how these changes will impact human infrastructure and aquatic habitat. Multidisciplinary engineering, biology, geology, earth science, hydrology, hydraulics. Soil Bioengineering ( Bioengineering ) The use of plant material, living or dead, to alleviate environmental problems such as shallow, rapid landslides and eroding slopes and stream banks. Multidisciplinary soil science, botany, hydrology, engineering, geology.
4 FGM & Bioengineering Considerations Think holistically about the problem What is happening at site, reach and watershed levels that may be influencing the problem? Consider the system and it s dynamics Position in the watershed, sediment size, stream slope, stream flow, stream crossing and floodplain restrictions, surrounding infrastructure, etc. Reassess conventional techniques (i.e. Rip Rap, Concrete, Gabion Baskets) Feasible to mimic natural channel, bank, floodplain features? Risk assessment: public safety, adjacent properties, infrastructure.
5 Bioengineering BMPs Coir fascines / logs Brush mattresses & revetments Unanchored and Anchored Rootwad revetments Brush layer benches Geotextile vegetated reinforced soil slopes using, to the greatest extent feasible, biodegradable materials that are unwelded/unknotted Loam & seeding, and interstitial planting of rock embankments Submerged shelters (whole trees/tree tops/boles/brush piles) Boulder clusters/ In stream Boulder Dissipaters Boulder deflectors Random boulder placements that are mobile & deformable *Resources handout
6 FGM & Bioengineering Benefits Physical Habitat restoration Bank stabilization Diffuse energy Trap & Manage sediment load Shift thalweg away from infrastructure Reduced maintenance and repair Reduced cumulative impact Increased resiliency to climate change Project Streamline permitting (MESA/WPA/401/404) Funding / partnering opportunities Win Wins (ex: resilient roads flood protection habitat)
7 Coarse Woody Debris - Example of Historic Land Clearing
8 Coarse Woody Debris Fish habitat Biological diversity Stream channel & bank stability
9 Coarse Woody Debris for Stream Channel Stabilization
10 Chop and Drop
11 Alternatives to Rockfill Slopes
12 Reinforced Vegetated Slopes
13 Vegetated Rockfill Slopes
14 Stream Crossings: Design for Fish/Wildlife and Severe Storm Resilience
15 Stream Crossings: Design for Fish/Wildlife and Severe Storm Resilience
16 Beckett McNerney Road over Shaker Mill Brook
17 Beckett McNerney Road over Shaker Mill Brook
18 Beckett McNerney Road over Shaker Mill Brook
19 Beckett McNerney Road over Shaker Mill Brook
20 Beckett McNerney Road over Shaker Mill Brook
21 Stream Bank Stabilization Project Westfield Maintenance Depot Little River Eroding stream bank Salt facility ~36 from bank Pavement undercut Asphalt from parking area falling into river
22 Stream Bank Stabilization Project Westfield Maintenance Depot Little River
23 Stream Bank Stabilization Project Westfield Maintenance Depot Little River Increased floodplain Bioengineered bank
24 Stream Bank Stabilization Project Westfield Maintenance Depot Little River J Hooks to redirect flow away from bank
25 Stream Bank Stabilization Project Westfield Maintenance the Little River 25
26 Pre existing top of slope 26 3/28/2017 Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence
27 New embankment with increased floodplain 27 3/28/2017 Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence
28
29 Retaining Wall Project: Ashfield Route 116 along South River Extensive Scouring Deteriorated retaining walls Threatens integrity of Route 116 Cold water fishery 29
30 Retaining Wall Project: Ashfield Route 116 along South River Brook Trout, Atlantic Salmon, Longnose Sucker Invertebrates (Fish Food) live within natural streambed material Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence
31 Retaining Wall Project: Ashfield Route 116 along South River Original Design Riprap = poor aquatic habitat Proposed Riprap Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence
32 Retaining Wall Project: Ashfield Route 116 along South River Proposed Design Consultation with MA Division Fisheries & Wildlife Geomorphologic Assessment Repair existing retaining wall Holistic approach Grout bags to permanently fill scour voids Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence
33 Retaining Wall Project: Ashfield Route 116 along South River Proposed Design Thalweg relocation Scour protection Streambed restoration Maintain high quality aquatic habitat Install rootwads Install large boulders (deflectors) Placement of natural streambed material Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence
34 Retaining Wall Project: Ashfield Route 116 along South River
35 Retaining Wall Project: Conway Route 116 along South River Eroding stream bank Salt facility ~36 from bank Pavement undercut Asphalt from parking area falling into river
36 Retaining Wall Project: Conway Route 116 along South River
37
38
39 Retaining Wall Project: Conway Route 116 along South River
40
41 Retaining Wall Project: Conway Route 116 along South River
42 Retaining Wall Project: Conway Route 116 along South River
43 Retaining Wall Project: Conway Route 116 along South River
44 Relationships - Early Coordination / Collaboration - Develop proactive programs; foster local, regional & state-wide partnerships
45 Dam Removal Low Hanging Fruit 11/12/09 12/14/09 Oxbow Brook, Rowley, MA (photos courtesy of the MA Division of Ecological Restoration) 12/16/09 12/23/09
46 Contact: Tim Dexter Fish & Wildlife Program Coordinator Environmental Services MassDOT Highway Division (857)
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