Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes
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1 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Excerpts from Chapters 2 and 3 Photo Photo by Jane by Jane Herbert Herbert
2 Session topics Characteristics of natural and altered shorelines Lakes, shorelines, habitat and water quality Considerations when designing a natural shoreline Design ideas Michigan Natural Shoreline Partnership
3 Did you know? Twenty-four species of amphibians, 25 species of reptiles, 87 species of birds and 19 species of mammals are supported by Michigan inland lakes. (O Neal & Soulliere, et.al., 2006)
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9 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline
10 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Three tiers of vegetation Tree canopy Shrub understory Herbaceous plants Aquatic, wetland and upland Natural Shorelines are stable shorelines
11 Horizontal roots stabilize lake-bottom sediments
12 PROFUNDAL PROFUNDAL ZONE ZONE Modified from: University of Minnesota Natural Resources Research Institute
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14 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Provides critical habitat for at least 65 native fish species. Spawning Nursery Feeding Predator avoidance Entire life cycle or seasonal use Twenty of these 65 fishes are considered to be Species of Greatest Conservation Need 1 1 Michigan Wildlife Action Plan (2005)
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16 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Lawn to the water s edge Loss of fish and wildlife habitat Nuisance animal habitat Shoreline erosion and hardening Loss of shade Deadwood removal Sandy beach maintenance Polluted stormwater Excessive plant growth and algae blooms Oxygen loss Recreation impacts Chemical treatment
17 Results of a study of 44 Minnesota lakes indicate (on average) a 66% reduction in emergent and floating-leaf vegetation in the presence of shoreline development. Results of the same study indicate a positive relationship between the occurrence of emergent and floating-leaf vegetation and the abundance and size of certain fishes including: Northern pike Bluegill Pumpkinseed (Radomski and Goeman, 2001)
18 Loss of tiered vegetation and shade
19 Home Sweet Home
20 Reduce pollutants entering the lake Adapted From: Wisconsin DNR
21 Runoff Volume Phosphorus Inputs Sediment Inputs 4x 5x 6x Adapted From: Wisconsin DNR 18x
22 In freshwater aquatic systems 1 unit of phosphorus can produce 500 times its weight in algae. (Wetzel, Limnology, 2nd Edition)
23 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Identify upland cause(s) and source(s): Cause: overland runoff Source: stormwater collecting on impervious surfaces
24 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Identify the causes and sources at water s edge: Cause: Undercut bank and bank failure Source: Removal of long-rooted native vegetation plus prolonged and repeated high water levels (level controlled lake)
25 Consequences on inland lakes
26 Modified from: University of Minnesota Natural Resources Research Institute PROFUNDAL ZONE
27 Wave energy flanking from neighboring sea wall
28 MDNR IFR density development density development N = 250
29 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Wave energy at vertical sea wall
30 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Littoral zone vegetation provides wave attenuation.
31 Depends on: Fetch = Maximum uninterrupted distance across the lake from your location Water Depth Wind Speeds Other factors
32 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Wisconsin On-line Erosion Calculator
33 12 inches
34 Lake types
35 Source: Four Townships Water Resources Council
36 How high does the water get?
37 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 2: Understanding the Shoreline Ice action along the shoreline Intensity and frequency can vary from year to year. Factors include: Freeze/thaw expansion and contraction Lack of snow cover and/or Spring ice-out (break-up) Rate of warm up Orientation of site to spring winds
38 Shapes and reshapes natural shorelines Ice ridges: Lakes and shorelines come to a dynamic equilibrium Removal of ice ridge give the lake the advantage Result is shoreline recession
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40 Water Table
41 Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Workshop for Property Owners Chapter 4: Design Ideas Lakefront Landscape: different approach. The upland and aquatic zones are outlined. (Source: MSU Extension) High Impact Lake Front Landscape. (Source: MSU Extension) Lake Front Landscape integrating a more manicured approach with buffers. (Source: MSU Extension)
42 June 2009 Late Summer 2009 Summer 2010 Photos: Allegan Conservation District
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44 Pop Quiz
45 Video: Restoration of a low to moderate energy shoreline property
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47 Naturalize shorelines to restore habitat AND improve curb appeal
48 Naturalize shorelines to restore habitat AND fix problem areas Photo: Jane Herbert
49 Restore natural shorelines to restore habitat (for people, too)
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51 Questions? Natural shorelines can preserve and/or restore ecological benefits to our lakes. Photo: Jane Herbert
Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes
Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Excerpts from Chapters 2 and 3 Photo Photo by Jane by Jane Herbert Herbert Did you know? Twenty-four species of amphibians, 25 species of reptiles,
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