Unit 1 Habitable Worlds
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1 Unit 1 Habitable Worlds Learning objectives: 3 things needed for life 2 Types of organisms (producers and consumers) Most important elements for life
2 Habitable World Video Notes Essential question: What makes a good environment for life? Define habitable: p4oqztojquq&feature=plcp
3 Habitable = Livable = Ability to support life
4 Living Things Require Liquid water Building blocks =Nutrients (CHNOPS) Energy Source
5 Spaceward Bound: Arctic 2008 MARS field station
6 Draw lines of longitude on the globe below
7 Draw lines of latitude on the globe in your notes
8 Put a star at 80 N 90 W
9 McGill Arctic Research Station
10 Time Lapse photos of Sun noon midnight 1. Why does the sun look like it moves across the sky? 2. Why is it still light out in the Arctic at midnight? 3. Predict what happens to daylight in the winter on Axel?
11 Meet the Team
12 The Mission Prepare for human exploration on Mars by studying life in extreme environments on Earth
13 Extreme Environments Mars = Phoenix rover landing site (-28 F to -100 F) Axel = Average temps in February (-31 F to -49 F)
14 Axel Heiburg Island
15 Phoenix rover landing site
16 Chris McKay Planetary Scientist Space Science Division NASA Ames Research Center Expedition Lead =xlij-btywn4 up to 5:00 What does life need???
17 Define metabolism All the chemical reactions needed to live Required for life Ex: eating, digesting, growing
18 Sci Fri Tiny Animals Survive Exposure to Space
19 Search for Life on Mars
20 Phoenix landed Sunday 25 May 2008 North polar region of Mars Looking for liquid water (essential for life)
21 Freeze thaw cycles Polygon patterns in in polar dry deserts Axel Heiburg, Earth Mars
22 Tribute to Phoenix
23 How do we know this isn t a white rock? sublimating
24 Evaporation
25 Sublimation
26 1 st find water Search for Life 2 nd look for building blocks of life Ex: Elements like CHNOPS and compounds that make up organisms
27 Building blocks of life = Compounds made of Carbon atoms bound to other atoms Ex: carbonates, DNA, proteins and sugars
28 Collecting microbial fossils at Relic Springs
29
30 Vinegar test Drop rock samples into vinegar. If gas bubbles form, then the rock contains carbonates (building blocks of life)
31 Why did we look for carbonates in the rocks?
32 Max
33 Curiosity Rover landed in 2012
34 Curiosity lands on Gale Crater Evidence of an ancient streambed 2. Found CNHOPS 3. Found organic compounds in rocks 4. Evidence of methane production
35 Identifying Life in the Extremes
36 Permafrost
37 Results
38 Describe 2 difference between bacteria above and inside permafrost Above the permafrost Inside the permafrost
39 Life in Extreme Cold Is there life in Gypsum Springs video questions Why are the rocks grey? They re covered in bacteria (biofilms) How do sulfur reducing bacteria survive? They use sulfur compounds metabolism
40 =X9vOoXU56KI
41 KEY IDEA: Living World Depends on Non-Living World
42 Living things require 1. An Energy Source 2. Liquid Water 3. Raw Materials / Building Blocks
43 Producers use light or chemical energy food (ex: plants) Consumers get energy from eating living things (ex: animals and decomposers)
44 Liquid Water Dissolves and moves things Helps maintain homeostasis Homeostasis = maintaining balances Balances temperature Balances concentrations of dissolved things
45 Raw materials = nutrients Most important elements for life = CHNOPS Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
46 Habitable worlds in our solar system Except for Earth each planet and moon has major limitations If life exists on any of our planets or their moons it is most likely small and underground Europa, Mars, and Titan may have or have had habitable conditions
47 Quiz Questions 1. List 3 things needed for life 2. Define metabolism 3. Define each and give an example Producer Consumer 4. list the 6 most important elements for life (write them out - not just the symbols) 5. What is homeostasis?
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