NDVI Analysis of Deforestation in Étang Saumâtre Watershed, Haiti:
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1 NDVI Analysis of Deforestation in Étang Saumâtre Watershed, Haiti: Helenmary M. Hotz and Alan D. Christian School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston Esri User Conference 2017 July 13, San Diego CA
2 Acknowledgements Dr. Robyn Hannigan, Dean School for the Environment, UMass Boston Dr. Jose Martinez Reyes, School for the Environment, UMass Boston Dr. David Merwin, Chair Geography Dept., Framingham State University Dr. Emmanis Dorval, Haiti Facilitator, NOAA Fisheries, San Diego, CA Nadège Robertson-Tippenhauer, GeoAyiti/Esri, Petionville, Haiti Sean McNally, PhD candidate, SFE, UMass Boston The Nature Conservancy ESRI UMass Boston Office of Global Studies
3 Tropical Lakes & Watersheds Temperate lakes More of them; result of past glaciation Better studied Tropical lakes Fewer of them Less studied Lewis 1987: the information on tropical waters is so diffuse and fragmentary that it is difficult to use. Comprehensive or sustained studies have been few, and description rather than analysis has absorbed much of the energy of those who have worked in the tropics. Lewis 1996: complete mystery up to 30 years ago. Study of tropical lakes essential if these waters are to be protected and used in wisest way. Lewis 2000: reiterates importance in Tropical Lakes: how latitude makes a difference.
4 Haiti and Tropical Lakes Haiti occupies the western 1/3 of the Caribbean island, Hispaniola. It is the poorest country in the western hemisphere and the second poorest in the world. Haiti is affected by natural and anthropogenic global drivers. Étang Saumâtre, Haiti s largest lake, is a natural resource.
5 Étang Saumâtre Latitude , ; longitude , The lake is ~ 26 km long and ~10 km wide with an area of 140 km 2 Located in Hispaniola Rift Valley - east/west trending depression West of and intersecting border with Dominican Republic Topography - mountainous terrain to north and south Geology - marine strata; limestone bedrock & weathered basalt Climate arid microclimate
6 Lake Expansion - Haiti 3 lakes in Rift Valley - no outlets expanding Lakes with outlets expanding due to sediment damming of outlet rivers Historical expansion/contraction over past 10,000> years studied by Higuera-Gundy and Hodell Sediment cores low latitude lakes best records - climate change since Pleistocene 18 O/ 16 O ratios in ostracod shells Related to E/P records Similar Africa same period Explained by Milankovitch cycles
7 Temperature & Precipitation World Bank Temperature Precipitation
8 Natural Drivers Climate Tropical storms/hurricanes Trade winds Warming more moisture Geography Mountains north & south Low lying rift valley depression Rain shadow effect Geology NA & Caribbean plates converging ENE/WSW Crustal strain folds/faults Limestone & basaltic rock Soluble > caverns
9 Anthropogenic Drivers Deforestation Burning trees for fuel Land use Subsistence agriculture Sand & gravel mining Ill-defined & insecure property rights Migration Internal/forced external Further deteriorates land No sustainability practices
10 Develop the Context of the ES Watershed Data creation in a data desert Quantification and analysis of deforestation via NDVI Located areas remaining with forest GIS allowed integration of RS images with GIS to develop statistical analysis
11 GIS Advantage Geodatase Visual analysis Seamless integration of multiple data types
12 Geospatial/Temporal Analysis Temporal and spatial analysis of Landsat images over a 30 year time period: Analysis of vegetation as a proxy for deforestation of Étang Saumâtre watershed
13 Methods NDVI
14 Results Quantify loss of vegetation/deforestation over 30 years Correlation with lake level rise and climate data
15 Broader Impact Where little or no data exists? Difficult/expensive to access locations Time series analysis
16 Future Work
17 Thank you enjoy the conference!
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