LANDSLIDE MONITORING AND EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS IN AUSTRIA
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1 LANDSLIDE MONITORING AND EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS IN AUSTRIA
2 ALPINE HAZARDS IN AUSTRIA Austria is exposed to heavy precipitation, hails, thunderstorms and avalnches in winter km rivers and torrents, lakes 67 % of the area is part of a torrent or avalnche catchment torrent and avalanche catchments High potential for landslides and rockfall due to topography
3 LIVING SPACE VS. ENDANGERED AREAS Percentage of area suitable for settlements: Austria 37 % Tyrol 12 % Increase settled areas per second: Austria 1,9 m² Switzerland 1,0 m²
4 Avalanche disaster
5 DEBRIS FLOWS 2012, 2013 ST. LORENZEN, VIRGEN, HÜTTAU
6 WLV ORGANISATION 7 district offices 21 local/construction offices app. 300 employees 800 construction workers 3 Staff units (geology, avalanche simulation, geoinformation)
7 TASKS OF THE WLV Expertise Planning construction measures Carrying out construction meas. Hazard zone mapping
8 APPLICATION WARNING Support of conventional protective measures Automatic protection of less sensitive traffic routes Protection of construction sites
9 ADVANTAGES WARNING Rapid deployment Fairly cheap Sometimes the only option Preservation of evidence
10 DISADVANTAGES Technically sensitive Maintanance-intensive Necessity of a good organisation In development
11 MAIN DIFFICULTIES Definition of reliable threshold values Achievement of a sufficient warning time Signaldauer duration Signaldauer Threshold value of signal strength Schwellenwert Signalstärke der Systematic measurement error Control on site Systematischer Messfehler ALARM ALARM No danger Single measurement error (outliers etc.) Threshold value Einzelner of signal duration Messfehler Ausreisser etc. Softwaremässige Elimination by Eliminierung means of Software Signal strength Signalstärke
12 PROBLEMS WLV complex monitoring architecture due to great variety of parameters Landslides Rockfalls Hydrological parameters
13 PROBLEMS WLV Data transfer Decentralized stations GSM/GPRS Data transfer Radio transfer at remote/peripher stations Central database needed Power supply Mostly solar supplied Heated cameras, videos??? Data management Running costs Station administration Database, archivation, visualization Data validation
14 PROCEDURE WLV 1. Strategic decision 2015 no installation of own hydrographic service within wlv 2. Setting up and financing stations 3. Handing over to owner of structure (e.g. retention basin) community, cooperative operates station in collaboration with manufactorer of station and/or civil engineer costs!!! operates station in collaboration with existing hydrographic services (which province based organised) minimal costs
15 BREITENBERG Toppling of a rock pillar ( m³) would cause base failure in the Rhine valley and subsequent destruction of houses
16 BREITENBERG WEATHER TEMP; PREC; WIND; MOISTURE; SOIL TEMP 7 FISSUROMETER MEASURING ANCHOR GEOLOGY EXTENSOMETER 2 GEOPHONS THRESHOLD THRESHOLD THRESHOLD SMS 1 OTHERS E.g.: LWD, INTERNET etc. GSM 1 STATION BREITENBERG GSM 2 PC 1 (City of Dornbirn) SMS 2 PC 2 (Büro Bertle) Alarm by SMS when threshold values are exceeded CITY OF DORNBIRN WLV - PLANKENSTEINER BÜRO BERTLE - BERTLE, DÖNZ FA. SOMMER - SOMMER FA. RHOMBERG - AMANN - SCHERBANTIE - REITERER - MÄHR - SCHWARZ - RUSCH Wöchentliche Trendanalyse WEATHER DATA Ständige Rufbereitschaft GEOLOGICAL DATA Jährlicher Bericht
17 MÄSSTOBEL Rock slide ( m³) Debris jam in the Suggadin torrent Dam failure with floodwave endangers the settlement area of St. Gallenkirch and access road to Gargellen
18 RINDBERG
19
20 control of water pipes Gauges Site control Surface movement control Depth movement control Conservation of evidence
21 GSCHLIEFGRABEN 3,8 Million m³ of material involved in an earth flow presumably triggered by a rock fall in April 2006 Deposition height at the fan up to 8 m dislocation velocity up to 4,7 m per day 37 estates with 55 buildings were endangered 55 houses with 100 people were evacuated by a crisis committee
22 GSCHLIEFGRABEN RAMSAU > KALIBAUER HOISN >> 1910
23 PECHGRABEN Remote sensing Surface surveying Depth surveying Meteorology ALS (Airborne Laserscan) UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) of fissures direct measurement of movements photomonitoring (webcam) GPS-measurements borholes inclinometer well gauges and piezometer soil moisture geoelectrics precipitation temperature HOISN >>
24 ROCKFALL INGELSBERG
25 ROCKFALL INGELSBERG
26 ROCKFALL INGELSBERG
27 ROCKFALL INGELSBERG
28 ROCKFALL INGELSBERG MONITORING 5 Fissurometer 13 survey points 3 cameras 1 thermometer
29 ROCKFALL INGELSBERG IN-SAR INTERFEROMETRIC SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR + Distance up to 4 km + whole area covered resolution below 1mm + Continous measuring (24/7) independent of weather Dense Vegetation and snow hinder accurate measuring
30 ROCKFALL INGELSBERG EVENT
31 ROCKFALL INGELSBERG
32 MOSES (MOBILE SAFETY AND EMERGENCY SYSTEM)
33 IT S NOT ENOUGH TO UNDERSTAND HOW TO PUT THUMBSCREWS ON NATURE, ONE NEEDS TO UNDERSTAND NATURE WHEN SHE TESTIFIES. (ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER-GERMAN PHILOSOPHER) FOR MORE INFORMATION
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