Urban green growth strategies

Transcription

1 Urban green growth strategies Rolf lfalter Director Public Governance and Territorial Development Future City Initiatives International Forum Plenary Session 16 February, 2013 (Shimokawa) 1

2 Why are cities important? The global urban population is growing rapidly. 7 World urban population 3.5 World populatio on (billions) World rural population OECD urban population OECD rural population es (billions s) Popula ation in OEC CD countri Source: Calculations on UN population database Total urban and rural population: world and OECD countries 2

3 Policies need reflect the reality of cities, where people live and work Japan Sapporo Tokyo Large Metropolitan Area Administrative boundaries Fukuoka Nagoya Osaka Sendai 36 metropolitan areas Population 34,276(thousand) 27% of Japan s population Area 9967 km2 3% of Japan s area GDP $1261 BN 32% of Japan s GDP

4 Metropolitan areas generate most economic growth. ---Cities matter more in Japan than elsewhere. % of population and GDP in metropolitan areas (2008) 100% 80% OECD Japan North America Europe 89% 66% 58% 53% 53% 48% 60% 40% 20% 0% # of metro areas POPULA ATION GDP POPU ULATION GD DP POPULA ATION GDP Source: OECD metropolitan database; the large metropolitan areas have at least 500,000 population 43% 36% POPULATIO ON GDP 4

5 As cities grow, their contribution to environmental problems also increases. ---But cities provide major areas for solutions. By 2030, cities are expected to account for more than 73% of the world s energy use. (IEA, 2008) Urban form can improve environmental outcome. 30 Cincinnati Dense urban form makes difference to environment. 25 CO2 em mission per capita a Chicago New York Amsterdam Boston San Francisco Washington Portland Frankfurt am Main Seattle Marseille Madrid Senda Roma i Sapporo Paris Manchester Nagoya Milano London Fukuoka Daegu Osaka Barcelona Athina Napoli Tokyo Mexico City Seoul Incheon Busan Source; OECD Metropolitan database Population density(2006) 5

6 Why are green cities now a global/national issue? Trends in urbanisation globally ll are reshaping the urban policy debate By 2020, the average size of the world s 100 largest cities will have reached 8.5 million. C40 cities(including Yokohama and Tokyo) represent 4% of the world population, 18% of global GDP and 10% of global carbon emissions. 81% of the growth in energy use will come from cities in developing countries. National governments have to incorporate city-level policies in their national green growth strategies International communities have to promote green cities in diverse urban context. 6

7 What solution can we provide? ---OECD s Green Cities Programme How to pursue green growth at the city scale. How urban green growth can contribute to economic performance and environmental quality of metropolitan areas. City case studies Paris (2011) Chicago ( ) Kitakyushu (2012) Stockholm (2012) National-level case studies Korea (2011) China (2012) Launch: May in Stockholm, October in Kitakyushu 7

8 OECD s Green Cities Programme Objectives of green cities Job creation Increase urban attractiveness Foster regional production of green products/services Increase Urban land values and reduce environmental impacts Policies Compact city polices Energy efficiency building retrofits Sustainable public transport Green technology R&D and innovation activities Governance and Finance Challenges Align and harmonise local and national green growth objectives Increase inter-municipal co-operationoperation Mobilise private finance for green infrastructure investments 8

9 Thank you for your attention 9