period (time)? frequency?

Transcription

1 AQA Trilogy Unit 6.6: Wvs n Eltromgnti Wvs - Fountion 1 Complt th gp ill: All wvs trnsr rom on pl to nothr, ut th m os not mov. Th prtils osillt (v ) roun ix point n pss onto th nxt prtil n in turn thy osillt too. Whih typ o wv osillts prpniulr (t right ngls) to th irtion o nrgy trnsr? Whih typ o wv osillts prlll to th irtion o nrgy trnsr? You r givn th ollowing qution in th xm: prio = 1/rquny Wht r th units or prio (tim)? rquny? A wv hs rquny o 54Hz n sp o 330m/s. Clult th wvlngth. i Stt th two typs o wv Whih lttr on th grph rprsnts Wht is th symol qution linking wv sp, rquny n wvlngth? g Whih typ o wv is rprsnt in this pitur? Movmnt o nrgy mplitu? wvlngth? rst? trough? A B C Now omplt th rst o th tl: Symol in th Eqution v Wht It Rprsnts Units Intiying th suitility o pprtus to msur wv sp, rquny, n wvlngth ws rquir prtil. j Movmnt o hn & rop rquny Stt ontrol vril in this prtil: Whih typ o wv is rprsnt in this pitur? Mth up th kywor to th orrt inition: Th mximum isplmnt o point rquny on wv wy rom its unistur position. D m Clult th sp o wv with wvlngth o 42m n rquny o 11Hz. h Why ws it importnt to ontrol this vril? Wht ws th iggst sour o rror in your prtil? mplitu Th numr o wvs pssing point h son. How oul you ovrom this rror? wvlngth Th istn rom point on on wv to th quivlnt point on th jnt wv.

2 AQA Trilogy Unit 6.6: Wvs n Eltromgnti Wvs - Fountion 2 Whih typ o wv r ltromgnti (EM) wvs - trnsvrs or longituinl? Complt th gp ill y hoosing rom som o th ollowing wors: Whih typ o EM wv hs th longst wvlngth? Th mount o sorption, or rition, o inrr y irnt surs ws rquir prtil. Wht ws th vloity, mgntism, nrgy, sptrum, lrtion, sorr highst rquny? inpnnt vril? Eltromgnti wvs trnsr rom shortst wvlngth? pnnt vril? th sour o th wvs to n wvs orm ontinuous. Th, n ll lowst rquny? ontrol vril? Whih prt o th EM sptrum n humn ys tt? typs, trvl t th sm vuum (sp) or ir. through most nrgy? lst nrgy? hzr, th hrm it oul us, n how you minimis th risk? Complt th oxs to show th orr o th ltromgnti (EM) sptrum n stt t lst two uss o h typ o EM wv. EM Wv: Uss: Th mount o sorption, or rition, o inrr rition y irnt surs ws rquir prtil. Brily outlin mtho or ollting vli rsults or this xprimnt.

3 AQA Trilogy Unit 6.6: Wvs n Eltromgnti Wvs - Fountion 3 Nxt to h EM wv, pl tik or ross to init whthr it n us hrm to th humn oy. Stt two tors tht t th mount o hrm us y rtin EM wvs: Suggst why nurss wr l lin prons whn prorming x-ry xmintions. g rio wvs 1. mirowvs 2. inrr wvs visil light ultrviolt wvs Stt on vntg o using gmm rys to trt or tt nr: x-rys gmm rys Mth up th EM wv to th sription o th mg it os to th humn oy: x-rys UV wvs Cuss skin to g prmturly n inrss th risk o skin nr. Stt on isvntg o using gmm rys to trt or tt nr: gmm rys Cuss ionistion insi o lls, this mg ls to th lls ying. Stt two othr prutions tht nurss n hlthr prossionls n unrtk to ru th hrm o x-rys. h Stt on vntg o using x-rys or mil imging: Complt th gp ill: Rition os is msur o th risk o rom xposur o th oy to th. rsulting Stt on isvntg o using x-rys or mil imging: It is msur in sivrts, n 1 sivrt (Sv) is quivlnt to millisivrts (msv). Som typs o rition r mor hzrous thn othrs u to th mount o in th wv n how pntrting it is.

4 AQA Trilogy Unit 6.6: Wvs n Eltromgnti Wvs - Fountion 4 Complt th gp ill using th ollowing wors: sp, 90, str, mium, ngl, ry, rrt Choos th orrt phrs to omplt h sttmnt to xplin wht is hppning in your ry igrm on th lt. Th o wv pns on th mtril ( ) it is trvlling through. I wv hngs rom on mium to nothr, th hngs too. Wvs r only rrt whn thy mt th ounry twn two mi t n. Th mor th hngs twn th two mi, th grtr th irtion o th wv hngs. Howvr, wv tht mts th ounry t will not. (prpniulr) Th light ry is trvlling rom ir/glss with low rrtiv inx, into ir/glss with highr rrtiv inx. Upon ntring th irnt mium, th vrg sp o th ry rss/inrss. Th ry is rrt wy rom/towrs th norml. As th light lvs th glss lok n trvls into th ir, th sp o th ry inrss/rss. So th ry is rrt wy rom/towrs th norml. Light wvs trvl in ir thn in glss. Th hng in sp, n thus irtion, twn ths two mi n shown using igrm. Th rrtiv inx o mium is th xtnt to whih th light is rrt whn it ntrs th mium. Look t th tl o t: Us rulr to rw th pth o th light ry s it trvls through th glss lok. Mium Rrtiv Inx ir 1 glss 1.5 wtr 1.3 imon 2.4 Wht onlusions n rwn rom th t? Inin Ry

5 AQA Trilogy Unit 6.6: Wvs n Eltromgnti Wvs - Fountion Answrs 1 Complt th gp ill: All wvs trnsr nrgy rom on pl to nothr, ut th mttr os not mov. Th prtils osillt (virt) roun ix point n pss nrgy onto th nxt prtil n in turn thy osillt too. Stt th two typs o wv. 1. trnsvrs 2. longituinl Whih typ o wv is rprsnt in this pitur? Movmnt o nrgy Whih typ o wv osillts prpniulr (t right ngls) to th irtion o nrgy trnsr? trnsvrs Whih typ o wv osillts prlll to th irtion o nrgy trnsr? longituinl Whih lttr on th grph rprsnts mplitu? C wvlngth? B rst? A trough? D A B C You r givn th ollowing qution in th xm: prio = 1/rquny Wht r th units or prio (tim)? sons (s) rquny? hrtz (Hz) Wht is th symol qution linking wv sp, rquny n wvlngth? v = λ Now omplt th rst o th tl: Symol in th Eqution Wht It Rprsnts Units v wv sp m/s g A wv hs rquny o 54Hz n sp o 330m/s. Clult th wvlngth. Rrrng th qution to mk wvlngth th sujt: λ = v/ Sustitut th numrs into th qution: 330m/s 54Hz = 6.12m Intiying th suitility o pprtus to msur wv sp, rquny, n wvlngth ws rquir prtil. i j Movmnt o hn & rop trnsvrs Whih typ o wv is rprsnt in this pitur? longituinl Mth up th kywor to th orrt inition: Th mximum isplmnt o point rquny on wv wy rom its unistur position. mplitu D Th numr o wvs pssing point h son. rquny Hz λ wvlngth m Clult th sp o wv with wvlngth o 42m n rquny o 11Hz. v = λ onvrt m into m = 0.42m Sustitut th numrs into th qution: 11Hz x 0.42m = 4.62m/s h Stt ontrol vril in this prtil: Th volum o wtr in th tnk. Why ws it importnt to ontrol this vril? Th pth o th wtr will t th sp n wvlngth. Wht ws th iggst sour o rror in your prtil? Counting th wvs y y. How oul you ovrom this rror? Us stroosop. wvlngth Th istn rom point on on wv to th quivlnt point on th jnt wv.

6 AQA Trilogy Unit 6.6: Wvs n Eltromgnti Wvs - Fountion Answrs 2 Whih typ o wv r ltromgnti (EM) wvs - trnsvrs or longituinl? Complt th gp ill y hoosing rom som o th ollowing wors: vloity, mgntism, nrgy, sptrum, lrtion, sorr Whih typ o EM wv hs th longst wvlngth? rio wvs highst rquny? gmm rys Th mount o sorption, or rition, o inrr y irnt surs ws rquir prtil. Wht ws th inpnnt vril? typ o sur trnsvrs Whih prt o th EM sptrum n humn ys tt? Eltromgnti wvs trnsr nrgy rom th sour o th wvs to n sorr. Th wvs orm ontinuous sptrum, n ll typs, trvl t th sm vloity through vuum (sp) or ir. Th wors lrtion n mgntism shoul not us. shortst wvlngth? gmm rys lowst rquny? rio wvs most nrgy? gmm rys lst nrgy? rio wvs pnnt vril? tmprtur ( C) ontrol vril? Volum o wtr or strt tmprtur o th wtr. hzr, th hrm it oul us, n how you minimis th risk? Th hot wtr oul sl skin, so w us tst tu rks n nsur th loor ws lr o trip hzrs. Visil light only. Complt th oxs to show th orr o th ltromgnti (EM) sptrum n stt t lst two uss o h typ o EM wv. EM Wv: rio wvs mirowvs inrr wvs visil light ultrviolt wvs x-rys gmm rys Uss: Tlvision, rio n Blutooth. Stllit ommunition n ooking oo. Rmot ontrols, inrr mrs n htrs. Optil irs n photogrphy (mrs). Surity mrking, nrgy iint lmps n suns. Mil imging n mil trtmnt or nr. Mil trtmnts or nr n strilising oo. Th mount o sorption, or rition, o inrr rition y irnt surs ws rquir prtil. Brily outlin mtho or ollting vli rsults or this xprimnt. Covr our oiling tus in irnt mtrils to rt irnt surs: mtt lk, shiny lk, whit n silvr (th inpnnt vril). Pour th sm volum o th sm strt tmprtur o hot wtr into th tus (ths ontrol vril nsurs vliity). Msur th tmprtur o h tu vry minut (th pnnt vril). Th tu tht ools th stst mits inrr nrgy th stst.

7 AQA Trilogy Unit 6.6: Wvs n Eltromgnti Wvs - Fountion Answrs 3 Nxt to h EM wv, pl tik or ross to init whthr it n us hrm to th humn oy. Stt two tors tht t th mount o hrm us y rtin EM wvs: Suggst why nurss wr l lin prons whn prorming x-ry xmintions. g rio wvs mirowvs inrr wvs visil light ultrviolt wvs x-rys gmm rys Mth up th EM wv to th sription o th mg it os to th humn oy: 1. Typ o rition. 2. Amount o xposur. Stt on vntg o using gmm rys to trt or tt nr: Gmm rys n us to tt nr y ingsting or injting riotiv sour s trr. This is niil s it mns rly trtmnt n ommn, n th outom is thror mor likly to positiv in trms o li-xptny. Gmm rys n us to trt nr without invsiv surgry - high ous m uss th nr lls to mutt urthr, rsulting in thm ying. Nurss wr l lin prons u to two tors: thy r xpos to hrmul x-rys towrs th uppr n o th EM sptrum on rgulr sis. Th x-rys thmslvs r highly ionising n n us mg to oy lls, rsulting in muttions n potntilly ling to unontroll ll growth ( tumour). Thror, nurss n ru thir rition os y wring l lin pron whih loks th rys. x-rys UV wvs Cuss skin to g prmturly n inrss th risk o skin nr. Stt on isvntg o using gmm rys to trt or tt nr: Norml lls nry r lso t uring trtmnt n unrgo ionistion, rsulting in th ptint ling unwll. gmm rys Cuss ionistion insi o lls, this mg ls to th lls ying. Stt two othr prutions tht nurss n hlthr prossionls n unrtk to ru th hrm o x-rys. h Complt th gp ill: Rition os is msur o th risk o hrm rsulting rom xposur o th oy to th rition. It is msur in sivrts, n 1 sivrt (Sv) is quivlnt to 1000 millisivrts (msv). Stt on vntg o using x-rys or mil imging: X-rys n us to tt rokn ons, visulis ntl issus, trt nr lls n s prt o CT sns. Stt on isvntg o using x-rys or mil imging: X-rys n us ionistion in lls n inrs th hn o muttion, thror ling to rpily growing n iviing lls ( tumour). 1. Work rom istn/stp into nothr room/stn hin glss winow. 2. Wr rition g/osimtr to msur n ror xposur. Som typs o rition r mor hzrous thn othrs u to th mount o nrgy in th wv n how pntrting it is.

8 AQA Trilogy Unit 6.6: Wvs n Eltromgnti Wvs - Fountion Answrs 4 Complt th gp ill using th ollowing wors: sp, 90, str, mium, ngl, ry, rrt Choos th orrt phrs to omplt h sttmnt to xplin wht is hppning in your ry igrm on th lt. Th sp o wv pns on th mtril (mium) it is trvlling through. I wv hngs rom on mium to nothr, th sp hngs too. Wvs r only rrt whn thy mt th ounry twn two mi t n ngl. Th mor th sp hngs twn th two mi, th grtr th irtion o th wv hngs. Howvr, wv tht mts th ounry t 90 (prpniulr) will not rrt. Th light ry is trvlling rom ir/glss with low rrtiv inx, into ir/glss with highr rrtiv inx. Upon ntring th irnt mium, th vrg sp o th ry rss/inrss. Th ry is rrt wy rom/towrs th norml. As th light lvs th glss lok n trvls into th ir, th sp o th ry inrss/rss. So th ry is rrt wy rom/towrs th norml. Light wvs trvl str in ir thn in glss. Th hng in sp, n thus irtion, twn ths two mi n shown using ry igrm. Us rulr to rw th pth o th light ry s it trvls through th glss lok. Th rrtiv inx o mium is th xtnt to whih th light is rrt whn it ntrs th mium. Look t th tl o t: Mium Rrtiv Inx ir 1 glss 1.5 wtr 1.3 imon 2.4 Wht onlusions n rwn rom th t? Air hs th lowst rrtiv inx, vlu o 1, n imon hs th highst rrtiv inx o 2.4. Air is gs n hs th lowst rrtiv inx. Th rrtiv inx inrss in liquis (wtr), n inrss urthr in solis (glss n imon).