Advances in shape memory polymers

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1 Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles: Number 146 Advances in shape memory polymers Jinlian Hu TheTextile Institute WP WOODHEAD PUBLISHING Oxford Cambridge Philadelphia New Delhi

2 Contents Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles ix Acknowledgements xvii Preface xix 1 Introduction to shape memory polymers Introduction Defining shape memory polymers Types of shape memory polymers A typical shape memory polymer: shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) Conclusions References 14 2 Tm-type shape memory polymers Introduction Structure and properties of Tm-type shape memory polymers Shape memory properties of Tm-type shape memory polymers Thermo-mechanical conditions affecting Tm-type shape memory properties References 44 3 Tg-type shape memory polymers Introduction Structure and properties of Tg-type shape memory polymers Segmented polyurethanes with similar Tg Thermo-mechanical conditions affecting Tg-type shape memory polymers Conclusions References 69

3 vi Contents 4 High performance type shape memory polymers prepared by modified two-step polymerization Introduction High performance shape memory polymers High performance isophorone diisocyanate (IDPI) Tm-type shape memory polymers High performance Tg-type shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) prepared by modified two-step polymerization Conclusions References Supramolecular shape memory polymers Introduction Synthesis of polymers containing pyridine moieties Supramolecular polymers containing functional pyridine Supramolecular liquid crystalline polymers containing pyridine moieties Supramolecular polymers and shape memory polymers Conclusions References Supramolecular shape memory polymers containing pyridine Introduction Synthesis of shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) containing pyridine moieties The molecular structure of BINA-based SMPUs (BIN-SMPUs) Theoretical calculations of BIN-SMPU properties and performance Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis of BIN-SMPUs Thermal properties ofbin-smpus Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) studies of BIN-SMPUs Dynamic mechanical properties of BIN-SMPUs Molecular model and morphology ofbin-smpus Summary References Thermally-induced properties of supramolecular shape memory polymers containing pyridine Introduction 164

4 Contents vii 7.2 Comparison of BINA-based shape memory polyurethane (BIN-SMPU) with other SMPUs Influence of different factors on shape memory effects (SMEs) of BIN-SMPUs Thermally-induced SME mechanism of BIN-SMPUs Conclusions References Moisture-induced properties of supramolecular shape memory polymers containing pyridine Introduction Moisture absorption of BIN-SMPUs Effect of moisture absorption on the thermal properties of polyurethane Effect of moisture absorption on the dynamic mechanical properties of polyurethane Moisture-induced and water-influenced shape memory effects (SMEs) Effect of immersion time on strain recovery Mechanism of the moisture-induced shape memory effect in BIN-SMPUs Summary References Shape memory polymers with novel functions: electro-active, magnetically-active, light-adaptive and phase change materials Introduction Electro-active shape memory polymers Magnetically-active shape memory polymers Moisture-active shape memory polymers Light-adaptive composites from thermally-adaptive shape memory polymers Introduction to phase change materials Phase change materials for textiles applications Solid-liquid phase change materials Shape memory polymers with phase change properties Fabrication strategies for phase change materials Summary References Shape memory finishing treatments for smart textiles Introduction Reaction of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU),

5 viii Contents dimethyloldihydroxylethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and liquid ammonia (LA) as finishing agents with cellulosic materials Shape memory finishing treatments for cotton Surface morphology of cotton fabrics treated with shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) Fabric tensile properties and surface appearance Fabric structure Effects of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) on LA/DMDHEU treated cotton Internal stresses in cotton fabrics The role of shape memory polyurethane as a finishing agent for cotton fabrics Summary References Manufacture of Tg andtm shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) polymer fibers Introduction Tm-type shape memory fibers prepared by melt spinning Tg-type shape memory fibers prepared by wet spinning Summary References Future developments in shape memory polymers Introduction Tm-shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) with varying Tm Tg-SMPUs with thermally reversible chemical cross-links Two-way shape memory fibers Gas-sensitive shape memory BINA-HDI copolymers (PUPys) Chemically cross-linked PUPys Multi-stimuli responsive shape memory fibers PUPys polymer blends with other polymers Supramolecular liquid crystalline shape memory polymers Main-chain pyridine-containing SMPUs Applications References 332 Index 335

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