The Chemistry of Biology
|
|
- Edmund Daniels
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 hapter 2 The hemistry of Biology
2 Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules Matter all materials that occupy space and have mass. Matter is composed of atoms Atom simplest form of matter not divisible into simpler substances proton electron ucleus ydrogen ucleus Shells rotons: () subatomic particles eutrons: neutral subatomic particles Electrons: () subatomic particles ucleus (b) 6 protons 6 neutrons 6 electrons arbon proton neutron electron 2
3 Different Types of Atoms All atoms share the same fundamental structure ucleus Element pure substances with a characteristic number of protons, neutrons, and electrons and predictable chemical behaviors ucleus proton electron 6 protons 6 neutrons 6 electrons ydrogen ucleus arbon Shells proton neutron electron (b) 3
4 The Major Elements of Life 4
5 haracteristics of Elements Atomic number number of protons ydrogen Shell Mass number number of protons and neutrons arbon Shell 2 Shell Isotopes variant forms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons (a) ucleus rbitals Atomic weight average mass numbers of all isotopic forms proton electron ucleus ydrogen Shells Electron orbitals volumes of space surrounding the atomic nucleus where electrons are likely to be found ucleus 6 protons 6 neutrons 6 electrons arbon proton neutron electron 5 (b)
6 Biologically Important Atoms hemical symbol YDRGE Atomic number hemical name 7 ITRGE 8 XYGE umber f e in Each Energy level a SDIUM p AT. MASS.00 Li a Be Mg Mg 2 MAGESIUM 2p Mg AT. MASS ARB 6p c 2 4 AT. MASS 2.0 7p 2 5 e AT. MASS 4.00 B F e Al Si S l Ar 8p S Q 2 6 AT. MASS 6.00 l 7 LRIE p K a Sc Ti V r Mn Fe o i u Zn Ga Gs As Se Br Kr a 2 8 AT. MASS Rb s Sr Ba a 20 ALIUM Tc Re Ru s Rh Ir d t 5 SRUS S 6 SULFUR 7p l K 9 TASSIUM Fr Ra 20p 5p 6p AT. MASS p a AT. MASS S AT. MASS AT. MASS K AT. MASS
7 Bonds and Molecules Molecule a chemical substance that results from the combination of two or more atoms ompounds molecules that are combinations of two or more different elements Formula/Mass weight sum of all of the atomic masses of the atoms a molecule contains hemical bonds when 2 or more atoms share, donate, or accept electrons to form molecules and compounds 3 types: covalent, ionic, and hydrogen 7
8 3 Types of hemical Bonds. ovalent bonds 2. Ionic Bonds 3. ydrogen Bonds 8
9 3 Types of hemical Bonds. ovalent bonds electrons are shared among atoms ovalent Bonds Single e e 2 p ydrogen atom p p p ydrogen atom ydrogen molecule e e Single bond 8
10 ovalent Bonds p p 6p 6n p p Methane ( 4 ) 0
11 ovalent Bonds Double 8p 8p 8n 8n Double Molecular oxygen ( 2 ) Double bond
12 3 Types of hemical Bonds. ovalent bonds electrons are shared among atoms olar covalent bonds unequal sharing onpolar covalent bonds equal sharing ( ) ( ) 8p p p () () (a) () () (b) 8
13 3 Types of hemical Bonds 2. Ionic bonds electrons are transferred to one atom forming positively charged cations and negatively charged anions Ionic Bond () ( ) 3
14 Ionic Bonding a p 2n 7p 8n l (b) a l (a) [a] [l] Sodium atom (a) hlorine atom (l) Sodium 2 hloride (c) (d) Kathy ark Talaro 4
15 Ionic Bonding al crystals a a l a l a l a a l l l l a a l l p 7p Sodium ion (a ) (cation) hlorine atom (l ) (anion) 5
16 3 Types of hemical Bonds 3. ydrogen bonds weak bonds between hydrogen and other atoms ydrogen Bond Molecule A Water molecule ydrogen bonds () ( ) o r Molecule B 6
17 xidationreduction Reactions Energy exchange in cells is a result of the movement of electrons from one molecule to another. xidation the loss of electrons Reduction the gaining of electrons Redox reactions a 2 8 l a 2 8 l Reducing agent gives up electrons. xidizing agent accepts electrons. xidized cation Reduced anion 7
18 hemical Shorthand Reactants molecules starting a reaction roducts substances left by a reaction Synthesis reaction the reactants bond together in a manner that produces an entirely new molecule S 2 S 2 Decomposition reaction the bonds on a single reactant molecule are broken to release two or more products Exchange reaction the reactants trade portions between each other and release products that are combinations of the two l a al 2 8
19 Solutions Solution a mixture of one or more substances called solutes, dispersed in a dissolving medium called a solvent al crystals a a l l l a a a l a l a l l l l a Solutes a & l Solvent 2 p 7p Sodium ion (a ) (cation) hlorine atom (l ) (anion) 9
20 Aqueous Solutions 20 ydrophilic molecules dissolve in water ydrophobic molecules repel water Amphipathic molecules have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties l ydrogen xygen Water molecules a
21 Acidity, Alkalinity, and the p Scale Ionization of 2 releases hydrogen ions [ ] and hydroxyl ions [ ] p scale ranges from 0 to 4, expresses the concentration of ions p is the negative logarithm of the concentration of p Acidic [ ] eutral [ ] Basic (alkaline) Increasing acidity Increasing basicity 2
22 p and Ion oncentration 22
23 The hemistry of arbon and rganic ompounds rganic chemicals compounds containing carbon bonded to hydrogens arbon is the fundamental element of life ontains 4 atoms in its outer orbital an form single, double, or triple covalent bonds an form linear, branched, or ringed molecules 23
24 The Versatility of Bonding in arbon Linear Branched Ringed (a) (b) 24
25 Functional Groups of rganic Accessory molecules that bind to organic compounds ompounds TABLE 2.3 Representative Functional Groups and rganic ompounds That ontain Them Formula of Functional Group ame an Be Found in R* R ydroxyl arboxyl Alcohols, carbohydrates Fatty acids, proteins, organic acids onfer unique reactive properties on the whole molecule R R 2 R Amino Ester roteins, nucleic acids Lipids R S Sulfhydryl ysteine (amino acid), proteins R arbonyl, terminal end Aldehydes, polysaccharides R arbonyl, internal Ketones, polysaccharides R hosphate DA, RA, AT 25
26 Macromolecules Biochemicals are organic compounds produced by living things Macromolecules: large compounds assembled from smaller subunits Monomer: a repeating subunit olymer: a chain of monomers 4 Biological Macromolecules: arbohydrates, Lipids, roteins, ucleic Acids 26
27 Biological Macromolecules 27
28 arbohydrates Sugars and polysaccharides General formula ( 2 ) n Aldehydes and ketones Aldehyde group Ketone group Glucose Galactose Fructose 28
29 arbohydrates Saccharide: simple carbohydrate Monosaccharide: 37 carbons Disaccharide: two monosaccharides olysaccharide: five or more monosaccharides Monosaccharide Disaccharide 2 2 olysaccharide 29
30 arbohydrates Subunits linked by glycosidic bonds (a) 2 Dehydration synthesis: loss of water in a polymerization reaction (b) Glucose Glucose Maltose (c) Glucose Fructose Sucrose (d) Galactose Glucose ( b ) Lactose ( b ) ( b )
31 arbohydrates Functions cell structure, adhesion, and metabolism b 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 a 4 a 4 a bonds Branch Branch 3 2 point (a) ellulose (b) Starch 3
32 Lipids Long or complex, hydrophobic, chains Triglycerides, phospholipids in membranes, steroids like cholesterol Functions Triglycerides energy storage hospholipid major cell membrane component Steroids cell membrane component 32
33 Triglycerides: 3 fatty acids bound to glycerol Triglycerides are used for energy storage ould be saturated or unsaturated Fatty acids Triglycerides almitic acid, a saturated fatty acid 2 Linolenic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid 33
34 hospholipids: glycerol with 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group Bilayers of phospholipids form membranes Variable alcohol group hosphate Double bond reates a kink. Tail R 2 harged head Glycerol Water olar lipid molecule olar head onpolar tails hospholipids in single layer Water Water (a) Fatty acids 2 hospholipid bilayer (b) 34
35 Membrane Lipids hospholipids Glycolipid holesterol is inserted into the phospholipid bilayer ell membrane rotein Site for ester bond with a fatty acid holesterol Globular protein holesterol
36 roteins redominant molecules in cells Monomer amino acids 20 olymer peptide, polypeptide, protein Subunits linked by peptide bonds Fold into very specific 3D shapes Functions support, enzymes, transport, defense, movement 36
37 Amino Acids Amino acids are the monomers that make up a protein polymer 37
38 Formation of a eptide Bond Amino acids are attached through peptide bonds to form proteins Bond formin g R 2 R 4 R R 3 R 2 R R R 3 38
39 rotein Structure rimary Structure The primary structure is a series of amino acids bound in a chain. Amino acids display small charged functional groups (red symbols). Amino acids rimary structure Secondary Structure Tertiary Structure 2 3 The secondary structure develops when and groups on adjacent amino acids form hydrogen bonds. This action folds the chain into local configurations called the a helix and b pleated sheet. Most proteins have both types of secondary structures. The tertiary structure forms when portions of the secondary structure further interact by forming covalent disulfide bonds and additional interactions. From this emerges a stable threedimensional molecule. Depending on the protein, this may be the final functional state. bpleated sheet a helix Secondary structure Disulfide bond S S Detail of hydrogen bond Quaternar y Structure 4 The quaternary structure exists only in proteins that consist of more than one polypeptide chain. Shown here is a model of the cholera toxin, composed of five separate polypeptides, each one shown in a different color. Tertiary structure rojected 3dimensional shape (note grooves and projections) Image courtesy RSB rotein Data Bank, Quaternary structure 39
40 ucleic Acids DA and RA ucleotide monomer DA deoxyribonucleic acid A,T,,G nitrogen bases Double helix Function hereditary material RA ribonucleic acid A,U,,G nitrogen bases Function organize protein synthesis hosphate (a) A nucleotide, composed of a phosphate, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogen base (either A,T,,G, or U) is the monomer of both DA and RA. Backbone D D D D D D entose sugar A G T A base DA bonds (b) In DA, the polymer is composed of alternating deoxyribose (D) and phosphate () with nitrogen bases (A,T,,G) attached to the deoxyribose. DA almost always exists in pairs of strands, oriented so that the bases are paired across the central axis of the molecule. T G A T G D D D D D D RA U A G A Backbone R R R R R R (c) In RA, the polymer is composed of alternating ribose (R) and phosphate () attached to nitrogen bases (A,U,,G), but it is usually a single strand. 40
41 ucleotide omponents 2 2 DA ucleotides: Deoxyribose, G, A or T RA ucleotides: Ribose, G, A or U Deoxyribose Ribose (a) entose sugars Adenine (A) Guanine (G) (b) urine bases 3 Thymine (T) ytosine () (c) yrimidine bases Uracil (U ) 4
42 Double elix of DA DA is formed by two very long polynucleotide strands linked along their length by hydrogen bonds Backbone strands Base pairs D D T A D ydrogen bonds G D D A T D 42
43 DA assing on the Genetic Each strand is copied Replication is guided by base pairing End result is two separate double strands Message Events in ell Division ew bases ells Events in DA Replication A A G bonding severed A G T G T T Two single strands T A G G T Two double strands A T A T G G A G T A G T 43
44 AT: The Energy Molecule of ells Adenosine triphosphate ucleotide adenine, ribose, three phosphates Function transfer and storage of energy Adenosine Adenosine diphosphate (AD) Adenosine triphosphate (AT) 44
Foundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition
Lecture PowerPoint to accompany Foundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition Talaro Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
More informationChapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology. Dr. Ramos BIO 370
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology Dr. Ramos BIO 370 2 Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules Matter - all materials that occupy space and have mass Matter is composed of atoms. Atom simplest form of matter not divisible
More informationChapter 2. Lecture Outline. See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables pre-inserted into PowerPoint without notes.
All rights reserved. Authorized only for instructor use in the classroom. No reproduction or further distribution permitted without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 2 Lecture
More information5/18/2012. The Chemical Elements. The Chemistry of Life Chapter 2. Atoms, Ions and Molecules. Water and Mixtures. Energy and Chemical Reactions
The hemistry of Life hapter 2 Atoms, Ions and Molecules Water and Mixtures Energy and hemical Reactions rganic ompounds The hemical Elements Element simplest form of matter to have unique chemical property
More informationChemistry Basics for Anatomy & Physiology
hemistry Basics for Anatomy & Physiology 1 Why study chemistry in A&P? - Body functions depend on cellular functions - ellular functions result from chemical changes - Biochemistry helps to explain physiological
More informationChapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology
Chapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology Multiple Choice Questions 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A. Atomic B. Living C. Matter D. Energy E. Space 2. The electrons of an atom are A.
More information1/23/2012. Atoms. Atoms Atoms - Electron Shells. Chapter 2 Outline. Planetary Models of Elements Chemical Bonds
Chapter 2 Outline Atoms Chemical Bonds Acids, Bases and the p Scale Organic Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Are smallest units of the chemical elements Composed of protons, neutrons
More informationChapter 2. Chemical Basis of Life
hapter 2 hemical Basis of Life opyright The McGrawill ompanies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Introduction: A. hemistry deals with the composition of matter and how it changes.
More informationCh. 2 BASIC CHEMISTRY. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Ch. 2 BASIC CHEMISTRY Matter and Composition of Matter Definition: Anything that has mass and occupies space Matter is made up of elements An element cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means Atoms
More information2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY
1 2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY Although most students of human physiology have had at least some chemistry, this chapter serves very well as a review and as a glossary of chemical terms. In particular,
More information2/25/2013. Electronic Configurations
1 2 3 4 5 Chapter 2 Chemical Principles The Structure of Atoms Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical reactions
More informationBiology 30 The Chemistry of Living Things
Biology 30 The Chemistry of Living Things Hierarchy of organization: Chemistry: MATTER: Periodic Table: ELEMENT: Ex. oxygen, gold, copper, carbon COMPOUND: Ex. salt (NaCl), H 2 O ELEMENTS ESSENTIAL TO
More informationFull file at
CHAPTER 2 THE CHEMISTRY OF BIOLOGY Chemistry is introduced in this chapter. Matter, atoms, elements, and molecules are defined. Chemical bonds are discussed in terms of their strength and formation, and
More informationChapter 02 Testbank. 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called. A. an electron. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space.
Chapter 02 Testbank Student: 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A. an electron. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space. 2. The electrons of an atom are A. always equal to the number
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Summer Work Quiz - Molecules and Chemistry Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The four most common elements in living organisms
More information`1AP Biology Study Guide Chapter 2 v Atomic structure is the basis of life s chemistry Ø Living and non- living things are composed of atoms Ø
`1AP Biology Study Guide Chapter 2 v Atomic structure is the basis of life s chemistry Ø Living and non- living things are composed of atoms Ø Element pure substance only one kind of atom Ø Living things
More informationChapter 02 Testbank. 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called. A. an electron. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space.
Chapter 02 Testbank Student: 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A. an electron. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space. 2. The electrons of an atom are A. always equal to the number
More informationChapter 2. Chemical Principles
Chapter 2 Chemical Principles Insert Fig CO 2 The Structure of Atoms Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical
More informationBasic Chemistry. Chapter 2 BIOL1000 Dr. Mohamad H. Termos
Basic Chemistry Chapter 2 BIOL1000 Dr. Mohamad H. Termos Chapter 2 Objectives Following this chapter, you should be able to describe: - Atoms, molecules, and ions - Composition and properties - Types of
More information2) Matter composed of a single type of atom is known as a(n) 2) A) element. B) mineral. C) electron. D) compound. E) molecule.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following is a particle found in the nucleus of an atom and that has no electrical
More informationChapter 2 Chemical Aspects of Life
Chapter 2 Chemical Aspects of Life Multiple Choice Questions 1. Anything that has weight and occupies space can be described as A. an atom. B. matter. C. a compound. D. a molecule. #1 Learning Outcome:
More informationFigure ) Letter E represents a nucleic acid building block known as a. Answer: nucleotide Diff: 3 Page Ref: 54
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 10e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry 2.1 Short Answer Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1, identify the following: 1) Which letter represents a carbohydrate polymer?
More informationW2. Chemical structures of protein and DNA
W2. Chemical structures of protein and DNA Copyright Kang, Lin-Woo, Ph.D. Professor Department of Biological Sciences Konkuk University Seoul, Korea Lectures prepared by Christine L. Case The Structure
More informationChemical Basis of Life
Bi100 hapter 2 hemical Basis of Life Introduction: A. hemistry deals with the composition of matter and how it changes. B. A knowledge of chemistry is necessary for the understanding of physiology because
More informationMicrobiology: A Systems Approach, 2 nd ed. Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Biology
Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 2 nd ed. Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Biology 2.1 Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules: Fundamental Building Blocks Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass Can be liquid,
More informationChapter 02 Lecture Outline
hapter 02 Lecture utline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. opyright 2016 McGraw-ill Education. Permission required for reproduction or
More informationCh 3: Chemistry of Life. Chemistry Water Macromolecules Enzymes
Ch 3: Chemistry of Life Chemistry Water Macromolecules Enzymes Chemistry Atom = smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means Element = substances that have similar properties and
More informationFull file at
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following is an uncharged particle found in the nucleus of 1) an atom and which has
More informationThe Chemistry and Energy of Life
2 The Chemistry and Energy of Life Chapter 2 The Chemistry and Energy of Life Key Concepts 2.1 Atomic Structure Is the Basis for Life s Chemistry 2.2 Atoms Interact and Form Molecules 2.3 Carbohydrates
More informationHuman Biology. The Chemistry of Living Things. Concepts and Current Issues. All Matter Consists of Elements Made of Atoms
2 The Chemistry of Living Things PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation Robert J. Sullivan, Marist College Michael D. Johnson Human Biology Concepts and Current Issues THIRD EDITION Copyright 2006 Pearson
More informationChapter 2. The Structure of Atoms. The Structure of Atoms. The Structure of Atoms
1 The Structure of Atoms 2 Chapter 2 Chemical Principles Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical reactions Atoms
More informationChapter 2: Fundamentals of Chemistry. Question Type: Multiple Choice. 1) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Microbiology Principles and Explorations 9th Edition Black TEST BANK Full clear download at: https://testbankreal.com/download/microbiology-principles-explorations- 9th-edition-black-test-bank/ Microbiology
More informationTeacher Instructions
Teacher Instructions To print handouts for students Go to File print, change Print what: to handouts, change # per page if desired to enlarge slides on page Change Print range to slides and type in slide
More informationMicrobiology with Diseases by Taxonomy, 5e (Bauman) Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Microbiology. 2.1 Multiple Choice Questions
Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy, 5e (Bauman) Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Microbiology 2.1 Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following does not contribute significantly to the mass of an atom?
More informationUnit 2: Basic Chemistry
Unit 2: Basic Chemistry I. Matter and Energy A. Matter anything that occupies space and has mass (weight) B. Energy the ability to do work 1. Chemical 2. Electrical 3. Mechanical 4. Radiant C. Composition
More informationChapter 02 Chemistry of Life
Chapter 02 Chemistry of Life Multiple Choice Questions 1. The smallest unit of matter is the A. molecule. B. atom. C. compound. D. isotope. HAPS Objective: C.01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms,
More informationChapter 02 Chemistry of Life
Maders Understanding Human Anatomy and Physiology 9th Edition Longenbaker Test Bank Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/maders-understanding-human-anatomy-and-physiology-9th-edition-longenbaker
More informationBio10 Cell and Molecular Lecture Notes SRJC
Basic Chemistry Atoms Smallest particles that retain properties of an element Made up of subatomic particles: Protons (+) Electrons (-) Neutrons (no charge) Isotopes Atoms of an element with different
More informationChapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life
Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Chemistry is the scientific study of the composition of matter and how composition changes. In order to understand human physiological processes, it is important to understand
More informationThe Chemistry of Microbiology
PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R 2 The Chemistry of Microbiology Atoms Matter anything that takes up space and has mass
More informationChemical Principles. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R
PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R 2 Chemical Principles The Structure of Atoms Learning Objective 2-1 Describe the structure of
More informationEssentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 12e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology 12th Edition Marieb TEST BANK Full download at: https://testbankrealcom/download/essentialshuman-anatomy-physiology-12th-edition-mariebtest-bank/ Essentials of
More informationChemical Principles and Biomolecules (Chapter 2) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus
Chemical Principles and Biomolecules (Chapter 2) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus Primary Source for figures and content: Tortora, G.J. Microbiology
More informationChapter 2: Chemistry. What does chemistry have to do with biology? Vocabulary BIO 105
Chapter 2: Chemistry What does chemistry have to do with biology? BIO 105 Vocabulary 1. Matter anything that takes up space and has mass Atoms are the smallest units of matter that can participate in chemical
More information2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Living things consist of atoms of different elements. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. An element is one type of atom. 6 elements make up 99% of all living things
More information2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
All living things are based on atoms and their interactions. Living things consist of atoms of different elements. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. An element is one type of atom. ydrogen
More informationHuman Anatomy & Physiology. Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Human Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive MATTER VS. ENERGY Which of the following is not an example of matter? 1) Blood plasma 2) The air we breathe 3) An arm bone 4) Electricity Which
More informationBIOCHEMISTRY GUIDED NOTES - AP BIOLOGY-
BIOCHEMISTRY GUIDED NOTES - AP BIOLOGY- ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS - anything that has mass and takes up space. - cannot be broken down to other substances. - substance containing two or more different elements
More information2.1 Basic Chemistry 1
2.1 Basic Chemistry 1 A. Introduction 1. Matter anything that takes up space and has mass 2. States of matter a. Solid b. Liquid c. Gas 2 B. Elements and Atoms 1. Elements basic substances that make up
More informationAtomic weight = Number of protons + neutrons
1 BIOLOGY Elements and Compounds Element is a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions. Essential elements are chemical elements required for an organism to survive,
More informationPRESENTATION TITLE. Chemistry. Chemistry
PRESENTATION TITLE Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry is the study of the smallest forms of matter and their interactions. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Generally, chemistry deals with
More information2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY
1 2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter provides an overview of basic chemical principles that are important to understanding human physiological function and ultimately homeostasis.
More informationChemical Basis of Life
Chemical Basis of Life Jan 30 11:42 AM In order to understand digestion and nutrition, we need some basic biochemistry Chemistry studies the composition of matter and its changes as well as the change
More informationAn atom is the smallest unit of an element. It has: A general understanding of chemistry is necessary for understanding human physiology.
8/29/11 Chapter 2 I. Atoms, Ions, and Chemical Bonds Chemical Composition of the Body Lecture PowerPoint Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Body
More informationChapter 1 Annotating Outline Honors Biology
Chapter 1 Annotating Outline Honors Biology Name: Pd: As you read the textbook, paragraph by paragraph, please annotate in the spaces below. You ll have to answer related questions as you read as well.
More informationLiving and nonliving things are all made of elements. It is the way that atoms combine that give every element a different characteristic.
Living and nonliving things are all made of elements. It is the way that atoms combine that give every element a different characteristic. 98% of the body is made of only 6 elements The 6 elements are:
More informationUNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Covalent Bond: Hydrogen Bond:
UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Hydrogen Bond: Covalent Bond: 1 Carbohydrates: >energy yield- >elements- >monomers- >functions- >examples- >misc- Lipids: Proteins: Nucleic Acids: I. Energy
More informationA Brief Overview of Biochemistry. And I mean BRIEF!
A Brief Overview of Biochemistry And I mean BRIEF! Introduction A. Chemistry deals with the composition of substances and how they change. B. A knowledge of chemistry is necessary for the understanding
More informationSolutions. Solutions. Water Basics 10/24/ Water Properties
0/24/206 O Water Basics Polar: part of a molecule is slightly positive, while another part is slightly negative Oxygen hogs electrons from hydrogen; results in negative charge on oxygen and positive charge
More informationEssentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions Using Figure 2.1, identify the following: 1) Which letter represents a carbohydrate
More informationChapter Two: The Chemistry of Biology. The molecules of life make up the structure of cells Chemistry of biological molecule
Chapter Two: The Chemistry of Biology The molecules of life make up the structure of cells Chemistry of biological molecule Atoms and Elements: Atoms: The basic units of all matter, containing three major
More informationChemical Foundations for Cells The origin of life and organic compounds of organisms
Chemical Foundations for Cells The origin of life and organic compounds of organisms Atomic Structure Atoms are the smallest units that retain the properties of elements. Atoms are composed of protons,
More informationThe Chemical Level of Organization
PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Meg Flemming Austin Community College C H A P T E R 2 The Chemical Level of Organization Chapter 2 Learning Outcomes 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 Describe an atom and how atomic
More informationUNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Covalent Bond: Hydrogen Bond:
UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Hydrogen Bond: Covalent Bond: 1 Carbohydrates: >energy yield- >elements- >monomers- >functions- >examples- >misc- Lipids: Proteins: Nucleic Acids: I. Energy
More informationThe Molecules of Life Chapter 2
The Molecules of Life Chapter 2 Core concepts 1.The atom is the fundamental unit of matter. 2.Atoms can combine to form molecules linked by chemical bonds. 3.Water is essential for life. 4.Carbon is the
More informationChapter 02 The Chemistry of Biology
Chapter 02 The Chemistry of Biology Multiple Choice Questions 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A. atomic. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space. Learning Outcome: 02.01 Explain
More informationChemistry of Life. Chapter 2
Chemistry of Life Chapter 2 Elements Simplest form of matter Made of atoms of one type Cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances About 117 known elements The Periodic Table of Elements Each
More informationChapter 6 Chemistry in Biology
Section 1: Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Section 2: Chemical Reactions Section 3: Water and Solutions Section 4: The Building Blocks of Life Click on a lesson name to select. 6.1 Atoms, Elements, and
More informationFull file at https://fratstock.eu
VanMeter: Microbiology for the Healthcare Professional Chapter 02: Chemistry of Life Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The atomic number equals the number of a. Protons b. Neutrons c. Electrons d. Protons and
More informationNature of matter. Chemical bond is a force that joins atoms
Nature of matter Atom the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means The subatomic particles of an atom consist of protons, neutrons and electrons Element is a pure substance
More informationChemistry in Biology. Section 1. Atoms, Elements, and Compounds
Section 1 Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Atoms! Chemistry is the study of matter.! Atoms are the building blocks of matter.! Neutrons and protons are located at the center of the atom.! Protons are positively
More informationChapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body
Chapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body Multiple Choice Questions 1. Water makes up of the total body weight of an average adult. A. 50-60% B. 55-65% C. 60-70% D. 65-75% Learning Outcome: 02.01 2.
More informationthe spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together Chemical structure Covalent bond Ionic bond
Chemical structure the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together Covalent bond bond formed by the sharing of valence electrons between atoms Ionic bond
More informationCopy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher
Copy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher Section 1: Nature of Matter Objectives: Differentiate between atoms and elements. Analyze how compounds are formed. Distinguish between covalent bonds, hydrogen
More informationUnit 1: Chemistry - Guided Notes
Scientific Method Notes: Unit 1: Chemistry - Guided Notes 1 Common Elements in Biology: Atoms are made up of: 1. 2. 3. In order to be stable, an atom of an element needs a full valence shell of electrons.
More informationChapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life
Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life I. Basic Chemistry A. Matter, Mass, and Weight 1. All living and nonliving things are composed of 2. represents the amount of matter. 3. is caused by the gravitational
More informationChemistry Basics. Matter anything that occupies space and has mass Energy the ability to do work. Chemical Electrical Mechanical Radiant. Slide 2.
Chemistry Basics Matter anything that occupies space and has mass Energy the ability to do work Chemical Electrical Mechanical Radiant Slide 2.1 Composition of Matter Elements Fundamental units of matter
More informationCh. 2 Chemistry Comes to Life
BIOL 164 Human Biology Ch 2 Chemistry Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes to Life Basic Chemistry Helps Us Understand Human Biology Chemistry Science of the composi9on and proper9es of ma:er Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins,
More informationChapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body
Chapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body 1. In an atom, the number of Student: A. Protons always equals the number of neutrons B. Of protons always equals the number of electrons C. Of neutrons always
More informationBIOCHEMISTRY BIOCHEMISTRY INTRODUCTION ORGANIZATION? MATTER. elements into the order and appearance we now
BIOCHEMISTRY MR. HULSE BVHS BIOLOGY MATTER Matter - anything that occupies space and has mass Lacked clarity and flow BIOCHEMISTRY INTRODUCTION Biochemistry study of chemical and physiological process
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) 1) Which of the following statements about the atom A) It has 12 neutrons in its nucleus. B) It
More informationSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
ch 2 chemical basis of life Name SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Fill in the blank or provide a short answer: 1) When a change in matter
More informationHole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition. Chapter 2
Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition Shier Butler Lewis Chapter 2 1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. CHAPTER 2 CHEMICAL BASIS OF
More informationChapter 2: The Chemical Level of. Organization. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 2: Organization The Chemical Level of Introduction Since chemicals compose your body and all body activities are chemical in nature, it is important to become familiar with the language and fundamental
More informationChapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life I. Introduction A. The study of chemistry is essential for the study of physiology because
Shier, Butler, and Lewis: Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11 th ed. Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life I. Introduction A. The study of chemistry is essential for the
More informationUNIT 1: BIOCHEMISTRY
UNIT 1: BIOCHEMISTRY UNIT 1: Biochemistry Chapter 6.1: Chemistry of Life I. Atoms, Ions, and Molecules A. Living things consist of atoms of different elements 1. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Figure 2.1
Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Figure 2.1 1) Which compound in Figure 2.1 is an ester? 1) A) a b c d e Answer: D 2) A scientist
More informationBIOLOGY 111. CHAPTER 2: The Chemistry of Life
BIOLOGY 111 CHAPTER 2: The Chemistry of Life The Chemistry of Life : Learning Outcomes 2.1) Describe the basic structure of atoms and how they participate in reactions essential to life. (Modules 2.1 2.3)
More informationSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Exam Name SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1, match the following: 1) Lipid. 2) Functional protein. 3) Nucleotide.
More informationChemistry Comes to Life
BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 2 Chemistry Comes to Life Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of Hawaii
More informationChemical Foundations of Life The origin of life and organic compounds of organisms
Chemical Foundations of Life The origin of life and organic compounds of organisms Atomic Structure Atoms are the smallest units that retain the properties of elements. Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons,
More informationChapter 2. Introduction: Chapter Chemical Basis of Life. Structure of Matter:
Chapter 2.1-2.2 Read text 2.1 and describe why chemistry is important in understanding life. Read text 2.2 and discuss how atomic structure determines how atoms interact. Also describe the types of chemical
More informationUnit Two Chemistry of the Human Body
I. Introduction to atoms Unit Two Chemistry of the Human Body A. Chemistry is the branch of science that concerns itself with the structure of matter, including the interaction between atoms. 1. Atoms-
More informationThe Chemical Level of Organization
Scuola di Ingegneria Industriale e dell Informazione Course 096125 (095857) Introduction to Green and Sustainable Chemistry The Chemical Level of Organization Prof. (and Ada Truscello) Dept. CMIC http://iscamap.chem.polimi.it/citterio/education/course-topics/
More informationStudy Guide BIO12 SG.indd :40 AM
Study Guide Biochemistry Unit 1 hapter 1: The Biochemical Basis of Life Matter makes up everything in the universe, including all living organisms. All matter is composed of elements. Elements, in turn,
More informationStudy Guide: Basic Chemistry, Water, Life Compounds and Enzymes
Study Guide: Basic Chemistry, Water, Life Compounds and Enzymes 1. Lipids are good energy-storage molecules because a) the can absorb a large amount of energy while maintaining a constant temperature b)
More informationModel Worksheet Teacher Key
Introduction Despite the complexity of life on Earth, the most important large molecules found in all living things (biomolecules) can be classified into only four main categories: carbohydrates, lipids,
More informationBloom's Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: Describe the structure of atoms. Section: Topic: Chemistry
Chapter 02 The Chemistry of Life Multiple Choice Questions 1. The primary elements making up living organisms are A. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and calcium. B. carbon, oxygen, iron, and chlorine. C. carbon,
More informationChemistry of Life. Chapters 2 & 3. Credit: Larry Stepanowicz. Learning Objectives
Chemistry of Life Chapters 2 & 3 Credit: Larry Stepanowicz Learning Objectives 1. Differentiate between the definitions of an atom, element, ion, and molecule. 2. Describe why and how atoms react chemically.
More informationChemistry of Life. Chapter Two
Chemistry of Life Chapter Two 1 Biology and Chemistry Biology = study of life Chemistry = study of matter and the changes it undergoes Matter anything that takes up space and has mass Life is made up of
More information