User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF of

Transcription

1 User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF of RODOS-PV4.0F_02 Joachim Wendt, Philippe Calmon, Aino Rantavaara, Virve Vetikko Contents USER GUIDE FOR THE FOREST FOOD CHAIN AND DOSE MODULE FDMF OF RODOS-PV4.0F_ Overview Input Data Output data 5 2 Starting the model Before the run Starting the Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF Archived runs 10 3 Initialization Windows for FDMF Overview Description Deposition date Graphical output type Table output type Pathway selection Choose forest type for use in DCM 26 4 Results Graphical Output Map results for activities and ingestion doses: Map results for external doses: Doses at the site of maximum contamination for each forest type: Maps of dose rates from ground layer and overstorey: Output in files 33 Document History

2 1 Overview The Forest Food Chain and Dose Module (FDMF) is developed to estimate human radiation doses after the accidental contamination of forested areas in Europe. Internal doses received through wild foodstuffs, and external exposure from radionuclides distributed in forests can be predicted for periods of between one day and 50 years after the day of deposition. Doses to the population and its subgroups by age or by the way in which it uses forests and forest products can be calculated. FDMF starts from the contamination of air and precipitation above forested areas, agricultural production areas and living areas. Input to FDMF is essentially the output of the atmospheric dispersion modules. Main input data are e.g. concentration of radionuclides in the near ground atmosphere, wet deposited activity, rainfall, time of the year when deposition occurs. The endpoints of FDMF are essentially the time dependent activity concentrations in forest foodstuffs, and the resulting radiation exposure to different age groups of the population, forest workers, hunters and berry and mushroom pickers via the exposure pathways ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs, and external exposure from radionuclides deposited on the forest ecosystem. FDMF is part of a set of foodchain and dose modules integrated in RODOS which cover all aspects of the various ecosystems such as: the Food Chain and Dose Module for terrestrial pathways (FDMT) which considers the consequences of radioactive contaminations of agricultural areas, the Food Chain and Dose Module for the transfer of the radionuclide Tritium (FDMH), and the Food Chain and Dose Module for Aquatic pathways (FDMA) which considers the consequences of radioactive contamination of water bodies (lakes, rivers, groundwater). Input to this module are the results of the Hydro module of RODOS

3 A Dose Combination Module (DCM) combines certain results of these different Food and Dose Modules (Figure: 1.1). ADM Atmospheric Dispersion Module Hydrologic al Module FDMT FDMA FDMF FDMH Terrestrial Food Chain Module Terrestrial Dose Module Aquatic Food Chain Module Aquatic Dose Module Forest Food Chain and Dose Module Tritium Food Chain and Dose Module Dose Combination Module Countermeasure Subsystem CSY Figure 1.1: Data flow of the Food and Dose Modules. The results of FDMF can be displayed to the user via the graphics system. A detailed description of FDMF is given in the Documentation of the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF in RODOS (RODOS(WG3)-TN(99)53)

4 1.1 Input Data The following input data is transferred to FDMF from the atmospheric dispersion modules ADM via shared memory (a detailed list of variables is in the FDMF documentation RODOS(WG3)-TN(99)-53): Number of time intervals for which atmospheric dispersion has been calculated (max. 48) Number of nuclides for which atmospheric dispersion has been calculated (max. 15) Number of locations (grid points) for which atmospheric dispersion has been calculated (max. 2520) Date and time when the time arrays start (year, month, day, hour and minute) Time grid of the atmospheric dispersion calculation Names of the radionuclides Activity concentrations in air (for each location, radionuclide and time step) Wet deposited activity onto the ground (for each location, radionuclide and time step) Amount of precipitation (for each location and time step) Fractions of iodine in each chemical form (aerosol bound, elemental, organic) The following data needed by FDMF is coming from the RODOS geographical data base: Radioecological regions (for each location) A lot of model parameters describing the food chain transfer and radiation exposure are kept in a data base. Individual data sets exist for each radioecological region. Important model parameters are e.g. Growing and harvesting times for different forest gifts Transfer factors (soil-plant, feed-animal) Food consumption rates A detailed description of the model parameter data base can be found in the FDMF documentation. The data base will be set up when RODOS is installed and the user should not modify the data base without contacting the responsible expert

5 1.2 Output data In addition, information on the required endpoints of calculation of FDMF is required as input. This is provided the Graphical User Interface GUI (interactive mode). The main results of the Food Chain Module in FDMF are timedependent activities in forest gifts. The results can be displayed graphically in maps. Maps of the specific activities in a chosen forest gift (mushrooms, berries and game meat) show the activity which occurs 1 month, 1 year, 5 years or 50 years (except for iodine : 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 1 year) after the deposition event for all locations of the RODOS grid. Results can be given for single nuclides or for groups of radionuclides (e.g. iodine isotopes). Time dependency plots of specific activities in a chosen forest gift can be shown for the location with the maximum value within the RODOS grid. The results can be given for all 50 time steps and for different radionuclides The main results of the Dose Module in FDMF are doses arising from different pathways: external exposure from radionuclides in the crown layer, in trunks, in ground layer vegetation and in the soil, and internal exposure due to ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs. The results of the Dose Module can be displayed graphically in two different ways: Maps of individual doses can be shown for a single or the sum of the exposure pathways mentioned above and for all locations of the RODOS grid. Results are effective doses time integrated over a certain period. The results can be given for single nuclides or for groups of radionuclides (e.g. iodine isotopes), for one of 5 age groups (ingestion dose), or for a five year old child and an adult (external doses). FDMF also gives external dose rates for adults. The time dependency plots for external dose pathway are given for locations with 10%, 50% and 90% percentiles. The results can be given for all 50 time steps for different radionuclides or groups of nuclides and for the age groups 5 a and adult

6 2 Starting the model 2.1 Before the run To run FDMF, results of a previous run of one of the Atmospheric Dispersion Programs (e.g. Prognose or LSMC) is required as input data to FDMF. 2.2 Starting the Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF An interactive computation run of the Forest Module FDMF is started in the following way: In the Main Dialogue window of RODOS select the button [Interactive]. In the Interactive Manager window choose [Configuration] and then [Importing Result-Dataset To] from the menu bar at the top to select the results of one of the Atmospheric Dispersion Programs (e.g. Prognose or LSMC) as input to FDMF

7 A window called Target Programs appears, in which the button [FDMF] has to be selected. Then a window appears in which all archived runs of the Atmospheric Dispersion Modules are listed. A run is selected by clicking on it and then pressing the button [Apply]. Attention: If you get an error message (Warning: configuration not completed), although you carried out all steps in the correct way, proceed with the following instructions: The reason for the error message is, that there exists no load list. Go to the Start window and click [Start]. The system will then generate an automatic copy of the required load list. You must wait until the readymessage appears; leave then the Start window by pressing [Cancel] and repeat the configuration step(s). Click on the button [FDMF] in the Interactive Manager window to start a new run of FDMF. A Start window for the definition of the RunId pops up, the RunId has to be entered by the user

8 The RunID can be any character string using letters and numbers (maximum 12 characters) and must be different from the RunIDs of previous runs which are still in the data base. By selecting [Initializing] in the window, Initialization windows can be opened which enable the selection of results to be calculated by FDMF. The windows are described in detail in chapter Input of Situation Data. When returning from the Initialization windows a window Program Initialization appears: Now, three options are available: To apply the selection made in the Initialization windows before click on [Apply] and then [Return]. To make new selections in the Initialization windows click on [unlock buttons] and then [FDMF40] again. To start the program with the preset selections click on [Return]. If no initialization via the Initialization windows is done, the program run is started with the preset selections (as described in section 3). To enable the graphics output of FDMF, the Graphics System of RODOS has to be started before FDMF is started by selecting the button [Graphics] in the Main Dialogue window of RODOS. The program run is started by clicking on [Start] in the Start window. Attention: After pressing [Initializing] or [Start] in the Start window you can get an info message, telling you that there is no load list available and that an automatic copy will be generated by the system. Wait until that has finished. Then press [Initializing] or [Start] again and continue

9 After the program has been started, a Control & Services window appears. This control window is divided into an upper and lower part. The upper part contains the RunID of the currently selected run as well as four buttons to control the runs. The lower part contains five buttons with which various services can be chosen. All buttons are described in detail in the User Guide for the Graphical System. The only button in the lower part which is of interest for FDMF is the button: [Process Status]: Selecting this service opens a window with the list of all modules of the selected run and their actual state. The colour coding of the modules indicates whether the module has not yet started (blue), data is loaded from the database (yellow), the module is calculating (green), the results are archived in the database (red) or the module has finished its work (grey)

10 2.3 Archived runs Archived graphical output of FDMF can be displayed by selecting [File] and further [Display Results] in the menu bar of the Interactive Manager window of RODOS Thereafter, a window pops up with a list of program groups available where a run can be selected. In the Program Groups window the requested FDMF button has to be selected. By pressing the button [FDMF], a window pops up with the list of all FDMF runs archived

11 One run out of the list has to be selected and the button [Apply] has to be pressed. Thereafter, two windows appear: The Control & Services window (see above) and the Application List window. The next step is first to select the run in the Application List window by simply clicking on it (colour does not change), and in second to select the [Graphics] button in the Control & Services window. Thereafter, a window with the list of all results archived for this run is displayed

12 In this window either individual results can be selected by clicking through the context menu up to a result which is marked with a red cross. This can be selected by pressing the [Apply] button. Or it is also possible to select all results by pressing first the [All] button and thereafter the [Apply] button. The [Close] button can be selected if no further result is requested

13 3 Initialization Windows for FDMF 3.1 Overview By selecting [Initializing] in the Start window (see Chapter 2) and then selecting [FDMF40] in the following Program Initialization window, the Dataset Selection window comes up. This window switches between modification of either the data from the previous initialization, or the data from another initialization made earlier. After pressing the appropriate button, the Initialization windows are called to select the desired output which has to be produced by FDMF. The window hierarchy is shown below (WINDOWS, Options): FDMF MAIN MENU Deposition Date Graphical Output Type (external doses) Output for All Forest types Forest 1 only Forest 2 only Forest 3 only) Maps Time plots Graphical Output Type (internal doses) Forest 1 only Forest 2 only Forest 3 only) Maps Table Output Type (external doses) Sum of all 15 nuclides Sum of MEDIUM half-time nuclides (T < 30 days) Sum of LONG half-time nuclides (T >= 30 days) Sum of IODINE isotopes Sum of CAESIUM isotopes Pathway Selection Mushrooms Berries Activity/Ingestion dose: Food Selection Game Activity/Ingestion dose: Nuclide Selection

14 I 131 Cs Cs 137 Sr 89 + Sr 90 Pu Pu 241 External Dose Dose rate from OVERSTORY Dose rate from GROUND LAYER Dose for FOREST WORKERS Dose for AVERAGE ADULT POPULATION Dose for CHILDREN (5 a) Choose forest type for Use in DCM Choose dominant forest type

15 3.2 Description By selecting [Initializing] in the Start window (see Chapter 2) the Main Initialization window ('FDMF: Main Menu') for the Forest Module FDMF appears. In various sub-windows the results which should be calculated by FDMF can be selected. These sub-windows can be accessed by clicking on one of the main topics in the Main Menu. Selecting any of the menu options opens another window for new selections. The following takes a brief look at these windows. By clicking [Close] the windows closes, [Help] brings up a help window

16 3.2.1 Deposition date In the window Deposition date, you can enter the deposition date, and modify the data on hour, day, month and year of deposition. The present values are '12' for the hour, 26 for the day, 4 for the month, and 1986 for the year of deposition. After any change, click the [Update] button to confirm the changes. Clicking [Close] without [Update] closes the window without changes

17 3.2.2 Graphical output type By pressing [Graphical output type] two different types of graphical output can be selected: Maps or Time plots. You can also choose the forest types you want to prepare the output for. When 'Maps' are chosen the results are displayed as a colour-coded map for all locations of the RODOS grid. A time (dependency) plot displays results for the external dose pathway for all time steps for the locations with median deposition, and 10 th and 90 th percentiles. Both output types can be selected simultaneously. Clicking [Update] stores the selection, and [Default] restores the default settings. Clicking [Close] without [Update] closes the window without changes. The default selections are both 'Maps' and 'Time plots' and output for all three forest types

18 3.2.3 Table output type By clicking on [Table output type], a new window appears which allows to select specific output in table form. Output is created for activity per ground area in the crown layer, trunk layer, understorey and soil as well as for external doses and dose rates. Activities are stored in an ASCII file named dynamics_f. The data are given for locations with 10th and 90th percentiles and the median value. External doses and dose rates are stored in an ASCII file named extdose_f. Both files are located in the directory RODOS/roextern/dat1/fdm/out. Up to five groups of nuclides can be selected for table output. - Sum of all nuclides: Results are calculated for the sum of all nuclides (up to 15) for which data were provided by the Atmospheric Dispersion Module. - Short half-time nuclides: Sum of nuclides with a half time of more than 0.1 day (plus 134 I) and less than one month. These are 132 I, 133 I, 134 I, 135 I, 24 Na, 91 Sr, 92 Sr, 105 Ru, 88 Rb, 97 Zr, 86 Rb, 136 Cs, 140 Ba, 147 Nd, 131 I, 127 Sb, 132 Te, 239 Np, 140 La, 99 Mo, 99m Tc, 105 Rh, 143 Ce, and 131m Te, assuming they were provided by the Atmospheric Dispersion Module. - Long half-time nuclides: Sum of nuclides with a half time exceeding 1 month. These are 241 Am, 137 Cs, 60 Co, 134 Cs, 106 Ru, 54 Mn, 144 Ce, 57 Co,

19 110m Ag, 58 Co, 95 Zr, 103 Ru, 95 Nb, 129m Te, 141 Ce, 131m Te, assuming they were provided by the Atmospheric Dispersion Module. - Sum of iodine isotopes: Results are calculated for the sum of all iodine isotopes, these can be at maximum 131 I, 132 I, 133 I, 134 I and 135 I, assuming they were provided by the Atmospheric Dispersion Module. - Sum of caesium isotopes: 134 Cs, 136 Cs, 137 Cs, assuming they were provided by the Atmospheric Dispersion Module. All the selections depend on the data provided by the Atmospheric Dispersion Module. If data on some of the selected nuclides has not been provided, FDMF will not calculate results for these nuclides. The default selection is Sum of all nuclides. After any change, click [Update] to confirm the changes. Clicking the [Default] button is equivalent to selecting "Sum of all nuclides". Clicking [Close] without [Update] closes the window without changes

20 3.2.4 Pathway selection By clicking on [Pathway selection], a further window appears which allows to select the food types and nuclides for output. In addition, external doses and dose rates can be specified. Clicking [Close] closes the window

21 Activity/Ingestion dose: Food selection This window is used to select graphical output for groups of forest products. It is possible to select map output for activity concentrations in and ingestion doses through various forest products that are mushrooms, berries and game animals. For each of these products one may select exactly one group out of several. The species included in these groups have been defined according to the magnitude of their transfer coefficient for isotopes of caesium. In case of no selection, a default value is automatically used in the calculations as indicated below in connection of groups available in each product category. Mushrooms: select one group of mushrooms out of four. When choosing one group of mushrooms, the specific transfer coefficient for isotopes of caesium is applied; for other radionuclides a default transfer coefficient is used for all groups. The groups for Central Europe are: Group 1: Agaricus arvensis, Agaricus sylvaticus, Armillaria mellea, Boletus appendiculatus, Boletus elegans, Cantharellus cornucopiensis, Leccinum aurantiacum, (Macro) Lepiota procera, Lepista nuda, Lepista saeva, Lycoperdon perlatum, Psalliota campestris, Sarcodon imbr. Group 2 (Default selection): Boletus aestivalis, Boletus edulis, Cantharellus cibarius, Cantharellus palens, Clitocybe nebularis, Collybia burhyracia, Collybia confluens, Collybia dryophylla,

22 Collybia maculata, Collybia peronata, Hydnum repandum, Kuehneromyces mutabilis, Lactarius deterrimus, Lactarius helvus, Lactarius odoratus, Lactarius picinus, Leccinum sp., Leccinum versipelle, Lepiota naucina, Oudemansiella sp., Oudemansiella radicata, Pholiota aegerita, Russula decolorans. Group 3: Boletus cavipes, Cantharellus lutescens, Cantharellus tubaeformis, Clitocybe infundibuliformis, Lactarius lignyotus, Lactarius quietus, Lactarius torminosus, Lactarius turpis, Leccinum scabrum, Russula nigricans, Suillus grevillei, Tricholoma aurata, Trichomolopsis rutilans. Group 4: Clitocybe cavipes, Dermocybe sp., Hebeloma sp., Hygrophorus sp., Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus, Laccaria amethystina, Laccaria laccata, Laccaria proxima, Lactarius sp., Lactarius camphoratus, Lactarius necator, Lactarius porninsis, Lactarius rufus, Lactarius theiogalus, Lactarius trivialis, Rozites caperata, Russula sp., Russula badia, Russula erythropoda, Russula ochroleuca, Russula turci, Suillus bovinus, Suillus granulatus, Suillus luteus, Suillus variegatus, Xerocomus badius, Xerocomus chrysenteron, Xerocomus subtomentosus. The groups for Northern Europe are: Group 1: Armillaria borealis, Boletus edulis, Cantharellus cibarius, Gyromitra esculenta, Lactarius delicious, Lactarius deterrimus, Lactarius turpis, Leccinum versipelle, Leccinum vulpinum, Ramaria flava, Scutiger ovinus, Suillus luteus Group 2 (Default selection): Cantharellus tubaeformis, Cratellus cornucopioides, Lactarius torminosus, Leccinum scabrum, Russula decolorans, Russula paludosa Group 3: Hydnum repandum, Hydnum rufescens, Lactarius rufus, Lactarius trivialis, Russula paludosa, Suillus variegatus Group 4: Hygrophorus camarophyllus, Rozites caperatus Berries: select one group of berries out of four. When choosing one species of berry, the specific transfer coefficient for isotopes of caesium is applied; for other radionuclides a default transfer coefficient is used for all groups

23 The groups for Central and Northern Europe are: Group 1 (Default selection): Blueberry/Bilberry Group 2: Lingonberry Group 3: Raspberry Group 4: Cloudberry Game animals: select one group of game animals out of eight. When choosing one species of game, the specific feeding rate, transfer factor and transfer coefficient for isotopes of caesium are applied, but a default transfer factor and transfer coefficient are used for other radionuclides, for all groups. The groups for Central and Northern Europe are: Group 1: Brown hare Group 2: Mountain hare Group 3 (Default selection for Central Europe): Roe deer Group 4: Red deer Group 5 (Default selection for Northern Europe): Moose Group 6: Wild boar Group 7: Terrestrial birds Group 8: Waterfowl Clicking [Update] stores the selection, and [Default] restores the default settings. Clicking [Close] without [Update] closes the window without changes

24 Activity/Ingestion dose: Nuclide selection This window is used to select graphical output for groups of radionuclides considered in the selected forest products. Four groups of radionuclides can be taken into account in the calculation of activities and ingestion doses: 131 I, 134 Cs Cs, 89 Sr + 90 Sr, 238 Pu Pu, and any combination of them. Clicking [Update] stores the selection, and [Default] restores the default settings. Clicking [Close] without [Update] closes the window without changes

25 External dose from forest Here you can adjust the settings for dose calculations. Selecting "External Doses from Forest" opens an information window. This tells you that external dose calculations are always performed for all 15 nuclides, since the corresponding doses must be transferred to the Dose Combination Module DCM. Graphical output can be selected in this window in order to reduce calculation times. Dose rates are calculated for average population only. Map output is available for dose rates received from forest overstorey and from forest ground layer. It is possible to choose either of these, both or none. The selection affects graphical output but not the dose rate calculation itself. Doses can be shown in maps for - Forest workers (spend most of their working time in forests) - Average adult population (occasionally spends time in forests) - Children (occasionally spend time in forests) In addition, table output can be selected for nuclide groups. The corresponding selection can be made after choosing [Table Output Type] in the FDMF main window. Clicking [Update] stores the selection, and [Default] restores the default settings. Clicking [Close] without [Update] closes the window without changes

26 3.2.5 Choose forest type for use in DCM By clicking on [Choose the Forest type for use in DCM], a window opens where the dominant forest type can be defined for which the calculated doses are transferred to the Dose Combination Module. Irrespective of any other settings chosen in the definition windows for pathway and graphical output, all calculations will always be performed for this forest type. The default for the dominant forest type is 1 corresponding to the first forest type defined in the database. Clicking [Update] stores the selection, and [Default] restores the default settings. Clicking [Close] without [Update] closes the window without changes

27 4 Results 4.1 Graphical Output The calculation results are given as map output and time plots. The map output shows the local distribution of the calculated values of activity concentration in wild foodstuffs as well as ingestion doses and external doses for various population groups at certain times after the deposition date. The values are shown on a map of the geographical region for which the calculation was performed. Time plots show the change in the activity concentration of forest products, ingestion doses and external doses for certain population groups over time. The following tables provides an overview on the possible results. The two tables show possible results in form of maps. Time plots are provided for three location with 10%, median and 90% percentiles of the contamination/dose. Foodstuffs (Bq/kg fresh weight) Products Nuclides Other - Mushrooms (one group out of 4) - Berries (one group out of 4) - Game animal (one group out of 8) - I-131 Cs Cs-137 Sr-89 + Sr-90 Pu-238, Pu-239, Pu-40, Pu-41 - One forest type in one run Table 1: Activities (maps) Ingestion 1 (msv) External dose from forest (msv) Dose rate ground (msv/h) Dose rate overstory (msv/h) Nuclides Integration time Special population group As for activities Sum of all 15 nuclides Sum of all 15 nuclides Sum of all 15 nuclides 0.5a, 1a, 2a, 5a, 10a, 20a, 50a - For special population groups only doses from cesium 2 1d, 30d, 1a, 50a - Adult - Forest worker - 5a child 1d, 30d, 1a, 50a - Adult 1d, 30d, 1a, 50a - Adult 1 for population group: 5 years old child, adult, vegetarian, mushroom and berry collectors, hunters, fishermen and forest workers 2 mushroom and berry collectors and hunters Table 2: Effective individual doses and dose rates (maps)

28 External dose from forest (msv) Dose rate ground (msv/h) Dose rate overstory (msv/h) Nuclides Population group Percentile Special Sum of all 15 nuclides Sum of all 15 nuclides Sum of all 15 nuclides - Adult - Forest worker - 10% percentile - median - 90% percentile - Adult - 10% percentile - median - 90% percentile - Adult - 10% percentile - median - 90% percentile - all or one selected forest type - all or one selected forest type - all or one selected forest type Table 3: Effective individual doses (time function) In detail, the following outputs are created:

29 4.1.1 Map results for activities and ingestion doses: 49 maps showing the total ingestion doses received by seven population groups (5 years old child, adult, vegetarian, mushroom and berry collectors, hunters, fishermen and forest workers) from all the nuclides used in FDMF, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years and 50 years after the deposition date; 14 maps showing the ingestion dose received by two special groups (mushroom and berry collectors and hunters) from all caesium isotopes 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years and 50 years after the deposition date; 12 maps showing the activity concentration of wild food products (mushrooms, berries and game) from different nuclide families (cesium, strontium, iodine and plutonium)

30 4.1.2 Map results for external doses: four maps showing the total external doses received by forest workers from all (max. 15) the nuclides used in FDMF, 1 day, 1 month, 1 year and 50 years after the deposition date; four maps showing the total external doses received by an adult member of population in forests from all (max. 15) the nuclides used in FDMF 1 day, 1 month, 1 year and 50 years after the deposition date; four maps showing the total external doses received by children, 5- years old at the deposition date, from all (max. 15) the nuclides used in FDMF 1 day, 1 month, 1 year and 50 years after the deposition date;

31 4.1.3 Doses at the site of maximum contamination for each forest type: for each of the three forest types, a time plot of the dose received by an adult member of population at the locations of the 10%, median and 90% percentile values; for each of the three forest types, a time plot of the dose received by forest workers at the site of the 10%, median and 90% percentile values

32 4.1.4 Maps of dose rates from ground layer and overstorey: four maps showing the dose rates received by an adult member of population from all (max. 15) the nuclides used in FDMF, 1 day, 1 month, 1 year and 50 years after the deposition date; for each of the three forest types, a time plot of the dose rates received by an adult member of population at the site of maximum exposure. four maps showing the dose rates received by an adult member of population from all (max. 15) the nuclides used in FDMF, 1 day, 1 month, 1 year and 50 years after the deposition date; for each of the three forest types, a time plot of the dose rates received by an adult member of population at the site of maximum exposure

33 4.2 Output in files Output is created for activity per ground area in the crown layer, trunk layer, understorey and soil as well as for external doses and dose rates. Activities are stored in an ASCII file named dynamics_f. The data are given for locations with 10th and 90th percentiles and the median value. External doses and dose rates are stored in an ASCII file named extdose_f. Both files are located in the directory RODOS/roextern/dat1/fdm/out

34 Document History Document Title: User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF of RODOS-PV4.0F_02 Version and status: Authors/Editors: Joachim Wendt a, Philippe Calmon b, Aino Rantavaara a, Virve Vetikko a Address: a STUK, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority P O Box 14, FIN Helsinki, Finland b IPSN/DPRE/SERE/LMODE Bat. 159, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance cedex, France Issued by: W. Raskob History: Date of Issue: March 2001 Circulation: File Name: Fdmf_UGui_40e Date of print: December 11,