IAEA-TECDOC Clearance

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "IAEA-TECDOC Clearance"

Transcription

1 IAEA-TECDOC-1000 Clearance

2 The IAEA does

3 The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Waste Safety Section International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramerstrasse

4 FOREWORD It has long been recognized that the use of sources of radiation should be regulated. The recommended regulatory approach is based on a system of notification and authorization exemplified by the IAEA International Basic Safety Standards for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (BSS). However, some types of radiation source do not need to be subject to regulatory control because they can only give rise to trivial radiation hazards. Such sources may be exempted or cleared from the requirements of regulatory control. Exemption applies to radiation sources which do not enter the regulatory control regime, while clearance

5 In preparing this publication EDITORIAL NOTE

6 INTRODUCTION CONTENTS 1.1. Background...

7 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. BACKGROUND Many uses

8 1.2. OBJECTIVE The objective of this report is to provide guidance on translating the principles of exemption from regulatory control into practice

9

10 TABLE

11 TABLE

12

13 In the case of discharge of liquid and gaseous effluents, the authorization may include discharge limits (i.e. total activity, concentration) and provisions to control the discharges (e.g. release rate). Control is carried out at the point of discharge and surveillance is performed in

14 equivalent which takes account of both the probability of incurring a dose and the detriment associated with that dose if it were to be received. It has been suggested in ICRP 60 [3] that

15 after that time.

16 conditions

17 4. RADIATION DOSE ASSESSMENT

18 TABLE II BASIC RADIOLOGICAL DATA FOR RADIONUCLIDES OF INTEREST Radionuclides H-3 C-14 Na-22 Na-24 P-32 S-35 Cl-36 K-42 Ca-45 Ca-47 Cr-51 Fe-59 Co-57 Co-58 Ga-67 Se-75 Sr-85 Sr-89 Y-90 Mo-99 Tc-99 Tc-99m In-Ill I- 123 I Xe-127 Xe-133 Pm-147 Er-169

19 cases. The transformation of tritium gas to tritiated water is slow in the environment. This requires consideration

20 of radionuclides through the terrestrial foodchains; inhalation of radionuclides transferred back into

21 water.

22 intrusion, while in other cases little or no control is exercised and intrusion could occur soon after

23 TABLE III. DERIVED GENERIC CLEARANCE LEVELS FOR AIRBORNE RELEASES Radionuclide H-3 Annual release rate (Bq C-14 Na-22 Na-24 P-32 S-35 CI-36 K-42 Ca-45 Ca-47 Cr-51 Fe-59 Co-57 Co-58 Ga-67 Se-75 Sr-85 Sr-89

24 Table III. (cont.) Radionuclide Y-90 Annual release rate (Bq a' 1 ) 1 x 10' Mo-99 1 x 10" Tc-99 Tc-99m 1 x x 10" In x Xe-127 Xe-133 Pm-147 Er-169 Au-198 Hg-197 Hg-203 Tl-201 Ra-226 Th-232

25 TABLE

26 TABLE IV. (cont.) Radionuclide Pm-147 Annual release rate (Bq a 1 ) 1 x 10'" Er Au-198 Hg-197 Hg-203 Tl-201 Ra-226 Th-232

27 rate

28 5.3. GENERIC CLEARANCE LEVELS

29 clearance values derived using more appropriate local

30 where: C, = the proposed release rate, Bq a" 1 or concentration Bq g~' of radionuclide i in the waste; C

31 Appendix

32 Appendix

33 where:

34 (B.4) where: C A is the annual average concentration of the radionuclide in air at the point of interest (Bq m" 3 ) R, nh is the inhalation rate (m 3 a" 1 ) DF mh is the dose coefficient for intake by inhalation (Sv Bq"').

35 E ing. p = C p,.h p.df ingi (B.7) where: C p., is the concentration of radionuclide i in food p at the time of intake (Bq kg" 1 ) H p is the consumption rate for food p (kg a" 1 ) DF, ngl

36 TABLE B.I. REPRESENTATIVE CRITICAL GROUP CONSUMPTION RATES OF DIFFERENT FOODS Food Crops (kg a" 1 ) Milk (1 a ') Meat (kg a"') Water

37 TABLE B.II. EXTERNAL

38 TABLE B.II (cont.) Radionuclide Dose coefficient for intake H-3 (c) C-14 (c) Na-22 Na-24 P-32 S-35 Cl-36 K-42 Ca-45 Ca-47 Cr-51 Fe-59 Co-57 Co-58 Ga-67 Se-75 Sr-85 Sr-89 Y-90 Mo-99 Tc-99 Tc-99m In Xe-127 Xe-133 Pm-147 Er-169 Au-198 Tl-201 Hg-197 Hg-203 Ra-226 Th-232

39 TABLE

40 B.2. LIQUID DISCHARGES B.2.1. Release

41

42 Where: q w is the flow rate in m 3 s" 1 B is the width of the river in m

43 This is the total concentration in the water and is the sum of the dissolved and suspended sediment sorbed radionuclides.

44 Therefore,

45

46 used in the calculations of the generic clearance values are given in Tables B.II and B.IV. The important exposure pathways for each radionuclide are indicated on Table IV of the main text. Tritium is treated separately (see Section B.3). In each case the generic value given in Table

47 TABLE B.IV. PARAMETERS USED FOR RELEASES TO RIVERS Radionuclide C-14 Na-22

48 From Section B.I.I, the value of X at 100 m from unit discharge to atmosphere is 1.3 x 10 4 Bq m\ therefore at 100 m: 1.3 x It)" x lo' 3

49 DF

50 Appendix

51 TABLE C.II. COLLECTIVE DOSES FOR RELEASES OF RADIONUCLIDES TO WATER BODIES Radionuclide Clearance level (Bq a 1 ) H-3 C-14 P-32 S-35 Cr-51 Fe-59 Co-58 Sr Th-232 1

52 REFERENCES

53 [18] LAWSON, G., COOPER, J.R., McCOLL, N.P., Radiological Impact of Routine Discharges from UK Civil Nuclear Sites, National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton,

54 CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW Alvarez, A. Asikainen,

Department of Energy Office of Worker Protection Programs and Hazards Management Radiological Control Technical Position RCTP 99-02

Department of Energy Office of Worker Protection Programs and Hazards Management Radiological Control Technical Position RCTP 99-02 Issue: Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 835 (10 CFR 835), Occupational Radiation Protection, specifies occupational radiation protection requirements for Department of Energy (DOE) activities

More information

Active concentration for material not requiring radiological regulation

Active concentration for material not requiring radiological regulation Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB27742-2011 www.chinesestandard.net Sales@ChineseStandard.net Wayne Zheng et al. ICS 17. 240 F 70 GB National Standard of the People s Republic of China Active

More information

O R D E R OF THE HEAD OF THE STATE NUCLEAR POWER SAFETY INSPECTORATE

O R D E R OF THE HEAD OF THE STATE NUCLEAR POWER SAFETY INSPECTORATE O R D E R OF THE HEAD OF THE STATE NUCLEAR POWER SAFETY INSPECTORATE ON THE APPROVAL OF NUCLEAR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BSR-1.9.1-2011 STANDARDS OF RELEASE OF RADIONUCLIDES FROM NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS

More information

Regulatory Guide Exposure Pathways, Equations, and Input Requirements

Regulatory Guide Exposure Pathways, Equations, and Input Requirements Regulatory Guide 1.109 Exposure Pathways, Equations, and Input Requirements Ken Sejkora Entergy Nuclear Northeast Pilgrim Station Presented at the 23rd Annual RETS-REMP Workshop Training Session Westminster,

More information

2016 No. 410 (W. 128) WATER, ENGLAND AND WALES. The Water Supply (Water Quality) (Amendment) Regulations 2016

2016 No. 410 (W. 128) WATER, ENGLAND AND WALES. The Water Supply (Water Quality) (Amendment) Regulations 2016 W E L S H S T A T U T O R Y I N S T R U M E N T S 2016 No. 410 (W. 128) WATER, ENGLAND AND WALES The Water Supply (Water Quality) (Amendment) Regulations 2016 Made - - - - 21 March 2016 Laid before Parliament

More information

Lower Bound of Optimization for the Public Considering Dose Distribution of Radiation due to Natural Background Radiation

Lower Bound of Optimization for the Public Considering Dose Distribution of Radiation due to Natural Background Radiation Lower Bound of Optimization for the Public Considering Dose Distribution of Radiation due to Natural Background Radiation Takatoshi Hattori a* a Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Radiation

More information

Tritium Dose Pathway Comparison Regulatory Guide and Beyond

Tritium Dose Pathway Comparison Regulatory Guide and Beyond Tritium Dose Pathway Comparison Regulatory Guide 1.109 and Beyond Ken Sejkora Entergy Nuclear Northeast Pilgrim Station Presented at the 15 th Annual RETS-REMP Workshop Wilmington, NC / 27-29 June 2005

More information

PI Chemistry - PI 24 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING - RADIOLOGICAL EMISSIONS

PI Chemistry - PI 24 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING - RADIOLOGICAL EMISSIONS Chemistry - PI 24 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING - RADIOLOGICAL EMISSIONS Objectives: L In your own words define or describe the term "Derived Emission Limit". This description should centre on: ( i ) (ii )

More information

SURVEILLANCE OF RADIOACTIVE DISCHARGES FROM THE CENTRE OF ISOTOPES OF CUBA

SURVEILLANCE OF RADIOACTIVE DISCHARGES FROM THE CENTRE OF ISOTOPES OF CUBA SURVEILLANCE OF RADIOACTIVE DISCHARGES FROM THE CENTRE OF ISOTOPES OF CUBA Amador Balbona Z. H., Pérez Pijuán S., Rivero A.T., Oropesa P. Centre of Isotopes, Ave. Monumental y carretera La Rada, Km. 3

More information

Tritium The French situation

Tritium The French situation 資料 3 (No.3) Tritium The French situation Jean-Luc LACHAUME Deputy Director General ASN 9 April 2014 Tokyo Tritium 1 Content The regulation of the discharges of tritium from nuclear facilities in France

More information

Radiation Protection 144

Radiation Protection 144 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Radiation Protection 4 Guidance on the calculation, presentation and use of collective doses for routine discharges KR Smith, AP Bexon, K Sihra, JR Simmonds (HPA) J Lochard, T Schneider,

More information

Radiological Protection Principles concerning the Natural Radioactivity of Building Materials

Radiological Protection Principles concerning the Natural Radioactivity of Building Materials European Commission Radiation protection 112 Radiological Protection Principles concerning the Natural Radioactivity of Building Materials 1999 Directorate-General Environment, Nuclear Safety and Civil

More information

Assessment of Radiological Dose around a 3-MW TRIGA Mark-II Research Reactor

Assessment of Radiological Dose around a 3-MW TRIGA Mark-II Research Reactor International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy Online: 2013-06-29 ISSN: 2299-3843, Vol. 15, pp 183-200 doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.15.183 2013 SciPress Ltd., Switzerland Assessment of

More information

INTERACTIONS: ENERGY/ENVIRONMENT Environmental Effects of Nuclear Power Generation - A. S. Paschoa ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION

INTERACTIONS: ENERGY/ENVIRONMENT Environmental Effects of Nuclear Power Generation - A. S. Paschoa ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION A. S. Paschoa Department of Physics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Keywords: Environmental effects, nuclear energy, nuclear

More information

Categorization of nuclear materials, radioactive sources and radioactive wastes

Categorization of nuclear materials, radioactive sources and radioactive wastes (This is an unofficial translation of the text) Guideline PP-1 Categorization of nuclear materials, radioactive sources and radioactive wastes Version number: 2. September 2015 Issued by: ---------------------------------------------------------------

More information

Clearance Monitoring. Chris Goddard.

Clearance Monitoring. Chris Goddard. Clearance Monitoring Chris Goddard Outline What is Clearance? Clearance Limits around Europe Measurement techniques Plastic scintillators Long Range Alpha Detection Example systems Thermo SAM12 VF FRM-2

More information

AP1000 European 15. Accident Analyses Design Control Document EVALUATION MODELS AND PARAMETERS FOR ANALYSIS OF RADIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ACCIDENTS

AP1000 European 15. Accident Analyses Design Control Document EVALUATION MODELS AND PARAMETERS FOR ANALYSIS OF RADIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ACCIDENTS APPENDIX 15A EVALUATION MODELS AND PARAMETERS FOR ANALYSIS OF RADIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ACCIDENTS This appendix contains the parameters and models that form the basis of the radiological consequences

More information

WHAT IS IONIZING RADIATION

WHAT IS IONIZING RADIATION WHAT IS IONIZING RADIATION Margarita Saraví National Atomic Energy Commission - Argentina Workshop on Ionizing Radiation SIM Buenos Aires 10 November 2011 What is ionizing radiation? What is ionizing radiation?

More information

Interim guidance for the safe transport of

Interim guidance for the safe transport of IAEA-TECDOC-750 Interim guidance for the safe transport of reprocessed uranium INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY The IAEA does not normally maintain stocks of reports in this series. However, microfiche

More information

GAMMA DOSE RATE, ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE AND COLLECTIVE EFFECTIVE DOSE OF FOOD CROP PRODUCING REGION OF ONDO STATE, NIGERIA

GAMMA DOSE RATE, ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE AND COLLECTIVE EFFECTIVE DOSE OF FOOD CROP PRODUCING REGION OF ONDO STATE, NIGERIA GAMMA DOSE RATE, ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE A COLLECTIVE EFFECTIVE DOSE OF FOOD CROP PRODUCING REGION OF OO STATE, NIGERIA T.J Ojo 1 * K.A.J Gbadegesin 1 1. Physics Unit of Science Technology Department, Federal

More information

IAEA-TECDOC-447 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT GLOSSARY. Second Edition

IAEA-TECDOC-447 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT GLOSSARY. Second Edition IAEA-TECDOC-447 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT GLOSSARY Second Edition A TECHNICAL DOCUMENT ISSUED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, 1988 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT GLOSSARY, SECOND EDITION

More information

THE USE OF GAMMA RAY DATA TO DEFINE THE NATURAL RADIATION ENVIRONMENT

THE USE OF GAMMA RAY DATA TO DEFINE THE NATURAL RADIATION ENVIRONMENT IAEA-TECDOC-566 THE USE OF GAMMA RAY DATA TO DEFINE THE NATURAL RADIATION ENVIRONMENT A TECHNICAL DOCUMENT ISSUED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, 1990 The SAEA does not normally maintain

More information

RADIATION PROTECTION NO 157

RADIATION PROTECTION NO 157 EUROPEAN COMMISSION RADIATION PROTECTION NO 157 Comparative Study of EC and IAEA Guidance on Exemption and Clearance Levels Directorate-General for Energy Directorate D Nuclear Energy Unit D4 Radiation

More information

AP1000 European 11. Radioactive Waste Management Design Control Document

AP1000 European 11. Radioactive Waste Management Design Control Document CHAPTER 11 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT 11.1 Source Terms This section addresses the sources of radioactivity that are treated by the liquid and gaseous radwaste systems. Radioactive materials are generated

More information

11. Radioactive Waste Management AP1000 Design Control Document

11. Radioactive Waste Management AP1000 Design Control Document CHAPTER 11 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT 11.1 Source Terms This section addresses the sources of radioactivity that are treated by the liquid and gaseous radwaste systems. Radioactive materials are generated

More information

Activities of the International Commission on Radiological Protection

Activities of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Activities of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Wesley Bolch Advanced Laboratory for Radiation Dosimetry Studies (ALRADS) J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering

More information

Radionuclides in food and water. Dr. Ljudmila Benedik

Radionuclides in food and water. Dr. Ljudmila Benedik Radionuclides in food and water Dr. Ljudmila Benedik ISO-FOOD WP 3 and WP4 WP 3 Research and education P1 Food authenticity P2 Translation of regional isotopic and elemental signatures from natural environment

More information

XA IAEA-TECDOC-1051

XA IAEA-TECDOC-1051 XA9848832 IAEA-TECDOC-1051 Management The IAEA does not normally maintain stocks of reports in this series. However, microfiche copies The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Waste

More information

INTERNAL RADIATION DOSIMETRY

INTERNAL RADIATION DOSIMETRY INTERNAL RADIATION DOSIMETRY Introduction to Internal Dosimetry Importance of External and Internal Exposures by Radiation Type Charged particle radiation (α, p, β) Generally important only for internal

More information

Earth & Environmental Science Research & Reviews

Earth & Environmental Science Research & Reviews Research Article Natural Radioactivity Levels in Soil s of AL- Sadr and AL-Forat AL-Aosat Hospitals in Najaf Hussein H Al-Gazaly*, and Zuhier H AL-Thbhawy Earth & Environmental Science Research & Reviews

More information

RULEBOOK ON THE MANAGEMENT, COLLECTION, STORAGE, CONDITIONING, TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE

RULEBOOK ON THE MANAGEMENT, COLLECTION, STORAGE, CONDITIONING, TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE RADIATION SAFETY DIRECTORATE Pursuant to Article 22, paragraph 2 of the Law on Ionising Radiation Protection and Radiation Safety (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia No. 48/02 and 135/07), the

More information

SOUTHERN NUCLEAR COMPANY VOGTLE ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT UNITS 1 AND 2 NRC DOCKET NOS AND

SOUTHERN NUCLEAR COMPANY VOGTLE ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT UNITS 1 AND 2 NRC DOCKET NOS AND SOUTHERN NUCLEAR COMPANY VOGTLE ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT UNITS 1 AND 2 NRC DOCKET NOS. 50-424 AND 50-425 FACILITY OPERATING LICENSE NOS. NPF-68 AND NPF-81 ANNUAL RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENT RELEASE REPORT FOR

More information

Study of ratio of tritium concentration in plants water to tritium concentration in air moisture for chronic atmospheric release of tritium

Study of ratio of tritium concentration in plants water to tritium concentration in air moisture for chronic atmospheric release of tritium Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Energy Procedia 5 (2011) 2421 2425 IACEED2010 Study of ratio of tritium concentration in plants water to tritium concentration in air moisture for chronic atmospheric

More information

Radioactive Waste Management

Radioactive Waste Management International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (IJRES) ISSN (Online): 2320-9364, ISSN (Print): 2320-9356 Volume 4 Issue 6 ǁ June. 2016 ǁ PP.67-71 Asma Osman Ibrahim Osman 1, Hamid Mohamed

More information

Tritium in Drinking Water: Science, Regulation and Society

Tritium in Drinking Water: Science, Regulation and Society Tritium in Drinking Water: Science, Regulation and Society TAM-E: Environmental Section Special Session: Tritium in the Environment Presented To: 57th Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society Sacramento

More information

Importance of uncertainties in dose assessment to prove compliance with radiation protection standards

Importance of uncertainties in dose assessment to prove compliance with radiation protection standards Importance of uncertainties in dose assessment to prove compliance with radiation protection standards Manfred TSCHURLOVITS, Atominstitute of Austrian Universities, Vienna University of Technology, Stadionallee

More information

IEC Tritium Standard

IEC Tritium Standard detect and identify IEC 62303 Tritium Standard Dr. Alfred Klett Berthold Technologies, Bad Wildbad, Germany 21 st Annual Air Monitoring Users Group (AMUG) Meeting Palace Station Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada,

More information

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity 2.1 Multiple-Choice 1) The smallest particle of an element that can be identified as that element is: A) a proton

More information

Understanding Radiation

Understanding Radiation APPENDIX B Understanding Radiation This section introduces the general reader to some basic concepts of radioactivity and an understanding of the radiation emitted as radioactive materials decay to a stable

More information

Assessment of dose due to natural radio-nuclides in vegetables of high background radiation area in south-eastern part of Bangladesh

Assessment of dose due to natural radio-nuclides in vegetables of high background radiation area in south-eastern part of Bangladesh Volume 12, No 3 International Journal of Radiation Research, July 2014 Assessment of dose due to natural radio-nuclides in vegetables of high background radiation area in south-eastern part of Bangladesh

More information

Jason T. Harris, Ph.D. Department of Nuclear Engineering and Health Physics

Jason T. Harris, Ph.D. Department of Nuclear Engineering and Health Physics Jason T. Harris, Ph.D. Department of Nuclear Engineering and Health Physics Idaho State University North American Technical Center July 24, 2012 1 2 Commercial Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) produce gaseous,

More information

The Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal, 2017, 4(6): Research Article

The Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal, 2017, 4(6): Research Article , 217, 4(6):53-6 Available online www.tpcj.org Research Article ISSN: 2349-792 CODEN(USA): PCJHBA Determination of Natural Radioactivity Concentration Levels in Soil Samples in Odigbo Local Government

More information

SOME ASPECTS OF COOLANT CHEMISTRY SAFETY REGULATIONS AT RUSSIA S NPP WITH FAST REACTORS

SOME ASPECTS OF COOLANT CHEMISTRY SAFETY REGULATIONS AT RUSSIA S NPP WITH FAST REACTORS Federal Environmental, Industrial and Nuclear Supervision Service Scientific and Engineering Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Safety Scientific and Engineering Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Safety Member

More information

5DGLDWLRQ3URWHFWLRQ 35$&7,&$/86(2)7+(&21&(376. Guidance on General Clearance Levels for Practices 2)&/($5$1&($1'(;(037,21± 3$57,

5DGLDWLRQ3URWHFWLRQ 35$&7,&$/86(2)7+(&21&(376. Guidance on General Clearance Levels for Practices 2)&/($5$1&($1'(;(037,21± 3$57, 5DGLDWLRQ3URWHFWLRQ 35$&7,&$/86(2)7+(&21&(376 2)&/($5$1&($1'(;(037,21± 3$57, Guidance on General Clearance Levels for Practices Recommendations of the Group of Experts established under the terms of Article

More information

IAEA s ALMERA Effort towards Harmonization of Radioanalytical Procedures

IAEA s ALMERA Effort towards Harmonization of Radioanalytical Procedures IAEA s ALMERA Effort towards Harmonization of Radioanalytical Procedures Development and Validation of a Rapid Procedure for Simultaneous Determination of 89 Sr and 90 Sr in Soil Samples using Cerenkov

More information

AP1000 European 15. Accident Analyses Design Control Document

AP1000 European 15. Accident Analyses Design Control Document 15.7 Radioactive Release from a Subsystem or Component This group of events includes the following: Gas waste management system leak or failure Liquid waste management system leak or failure (atmospheric

More information

EPRI Project. Hard-to-Measure Nuclides in Effluents

EPRI Project. Hard-to-Measure Nuclides in Effluents EPRI Project Hard-to-Measure Nuclides in Effluents Jim Breeden CN Associates RETS-REMP Workshop & EPRI Groundwater Protection Workshop June 25-27, 2013 Westminster, Colorado Definitions: Hard-to-Detect,

More information

Work Programme. of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. for the four years Comité international des poids et mesures

Work Programme. of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. for the four years Comité international des poids et mesures Work Programme of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures for the four years 2016-2019 Comité international des poids et mesures Section II : BIPM Work Programme for 2016-2019 35 Priority activities

More information

(9C/(9t)t = a(x,t) (92C/3x2)t + b(x,t) (9C/9 x)t + c(x,t)ct + d(x,t)

(9C/(9t)t = a(x,t) (92C/3x2)t + b(x,t) (9C/9 x)t + c(x,t)ct + d(x,t) ABSTRACT Safe management Including disposal of radioactive wastes from the various parts of the nuclear fuel cycle is an important aspect of nuclear technology development. The problem of managing radioactive

More information

of uranium hexafluoride

of uranium hexafluoride IAEA-TECDOC-608 Interim guidance on the safe transport of uranium hexafluoride INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY The IAEA does INTERIM GUIDANCE ON THE SAFE TRANSPORT OF URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE IAEA, VIENNA,

More information

Radioactivity. Lecture 14 The Human Radioactivity Cycle

Radioactivity. Lecture 14 The Human Radioactivity Cycle Radioactivity Lecture The Human Radioactivity Cycle The Elements in the Human atomic percentage 25.5 9.5 63 1.4 0.31 0.1 0.05 0.03 0.01 The molecular structure and the functions rely only on a few, but

More information

Canadian Journal of Physics. Determination of Radioactivity Levels of Salt Minerals on the Market

Canadian Journal of Physics. Determination of Radioactivity Levels of Salt Minerals on the Market Determination of Radioactivity Levels of Salt Minerals on the Market Journal: Canadian Journal of Physics Manuscript ID cjp-2017-0775.r1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 29-Nov-2017

More information

INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN ON ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR DATA FOR FUSION

INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN ON ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR DATA FOR FUSION INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN ON ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR DATA FOR FUSION Number 70 November 2016 Contributors: M. Imai, A. Kramida, D.-H. Kwon, A. Lasa Esquisabel, H. Lee, W.-W. Lee, K.-M. Lim, I. Murakami, M.-Y.

More information

:,,.. ;,..,.,. 90 :.. :, , «-»,, -. : -,,, -, -., ,, -, -. - «-»:,,, ,.,.

:,,.. ;,..,.,. 90 :.. :, , «-»,, -. : -,,, -, -., ,, -, -. - «-»:,,, ,.,. .,.,. 2015 1 614.8 68.9 90 :,,.. ;,. 90.,.,. :.. :, 2015. 164. - - 280700, «-»,, -. : -,,, -, -.,. -. -. -,, -, -. - «-»:,,, -. 614.8 68.9.,.,., 2015, 2015 2 ... 5... 7 1.... 7 1.1.... 7 1.2.... 9 1.3....

More information

Assessment of Radiation Dose from Radioactive Waste in Bangladesh and Probable Impact on Health

Assessment of Radiation Dose from Radioactive Waste in Bangladesh and Probable Impact on Health Journal of Nuclear and Particle Physics 1, (): 79-86 DOI: 1.593/j.jnpp.1.5 Assessment of Radiation Dose from Radioactive Waste in Bangladesh and Probable Impact on Health M. Moshiur Rahman 1,*, M. A. H.

More information

Methods to identify and locate spent radiation sources

Methods to identify and locate spent radiation sources IAEA-TECDOC-804 Methods to identify and locate spent radiation sources INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Waste Management Section International

More information

Environmental Authorisations (Scotland) Regulations Authorisation guide for radioactive substances activities

Environmental Authorisations (Scotland) Regulations Authorisation guide for radioactive substances activities Environmental Authorisations (Scotland) Regulations 2018 Authorisation guide for radioactive substances activities September 2018 Contents 1. What is the purpose of this guide?... 3 2. How does SEPA authorise

More information

7. Relax and do well.

7. Relax and do well. CHEM 1215 Exam II John II. Gelder October 7, 1998 Name TA's Name Lab Section INSTRUCTIONS: 1. This examination consists of a total of 5 different pages. The last page includes a periodic table and a solubility

More information

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR AN KOREAN INTERMEDIATE AND LOW - LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE VITRIFICATION FACILITY

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR AN KOREAN INTERMEDIATE AND LOW - LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE VITRIFICATION FACILITY ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR AN KOREAN INTERMEDIATE AND LOW - LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE VITRIFICATION FACILITY Dae Seok Hong and Kun Jai Lee Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

More information

Measurement of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in Arum Grown on the Bank of Rupsha River, Khulna, Bangladesh Using HPGe Detector

Measurement of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in Arum Grown on the Bank of Rupsha River, Khulna, Bangladesh Using HPGe Detector ISSN 1022-8594 JUJS 2018 Jahangirnagar University Journal of Science Vol. 41, No.1, pp.57-66 Measurement of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in Arum Grown on the Bank of Rupsha River, Khulna, Using HPGe Detector

More information

Topic 3: Periodicity OBJECTIVES FOR TODAY: Fall in love with the Periodic Table, Interpret trends in atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization energies &

Topic 3: Periodicity OBJECTIVES FOR TODAY: Fall in love with the Periodic Table, Interpret trends in atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization energies & Topic 3: Periodicity OBJECTIVES FOR TODAY: Fall in love with the Periodic Table, Interpret trends in atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization energies & electronegativity The Periodic Table What is the periodic

More information

Modeling the Physical Processes that Impact the Fate and Fallout of Radioactive Materials

Modeling the Physical Processes that Impact the Fate and Fallout of Radioactive Materials Modeling the Physical Processes that Impact the Fate and Fallout of Radioactive Materials J.V. Ramsdell, Jr. Radiological Science and Engineering Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, Washington

More information

Chapter 3: Stoichiometry

Chapter 3: Stoichiometry Chapter 3: Stoichiometry Chem 6A Michael J. Sailor, UC San Diego 1 Announcements: Thursday (Sep 29) quiz: Bring student ID or we cannot accept your quiz! No notes, no calculators Covers chapters 1 and

More information

RADIATION PROTECTION

RADIATION PROTECTION DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY PHAYATHAI ROAD, BANGKOK 10330, THAILAND TEL: (662) 218-6772, (662) 218-6784. FAX: (662) 218-6770 E-mail: fnegbr@eng.chula.ac.th

More information

Sensitivity of the IRD whole-body counter for in vivo measurements in the case of accidental intakes

Sensitivity of the IRD whole-body counter for in vivo measurements in the case of accidental intakes Sensitivity of the IRD whole-body counter for in vivo measurements in the case of accidental intakes B.M. Dantas, E.A. Lucena and A.L.A. Dantas Laboratório de Monitoração In Vivo Divisão de Dosimetria

More information

Activation Calculation for a Fusion-driven Sub-critical Experimental Breeder, FDEB

Activation Calculation for a Fusion-driven Sub-critical Experimental Breeder, FDEB Activation Calculation for a Fusion-driven Sub-critical Experimental Breeder, FDEB K. M. Feng (Southwestern Institute of Physics, China) Presented at 8th IAEA Technical Meeting on Fusion Power Plant Safety

More information

This document is a preview generated by EVS

This document is a preview generated by EVS INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13168 First edition 2015-07-01 Water quality Simultaneous determination of tritium and carbon 14 activities Test method using liquid scintillation counting Qualité de l eau Détermination

More information

Dangerous quantities of radioactive material (D-values)

Dangerous quantities of radioactive material (D-values) 2006 Dangerous quantities of radioactive material (D-values) P U B L I C AT I O N D AT E : A U G U S T 2 0 0 6 E M E R G E N C Y P R E PA R E D N E S S AND RESPONSE EPR-DVA L U E S IAEA SAFETY RELATED

More information

EXPERIENCES FROM THE SOURCE-TERM ANALYSIS OF A LOW AND INTERMEDIATE LEVEL RADWASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY

EXPERIENCES FROM THE SOURCE-TERM ANALYSIS OF A LOW AND INTERMEDIATE LEVEL RADWASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY EXPERIENCES FROM THE SOURCE-TERM ANALYSIS OF A LOW AND INTERMEDIATE LEVEL RADWASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY Jin Beak Park, Joo-Wan Park, Eun-Young Lee and Chang-Lak Kim Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. (KHNP)

More information

Department of Energy OffIce of Worker Protection Programs and Hazards Management Radiological Control Technical Position RCTP

Department of Energy OffIce of Worker Protection Programs and Hazards Management Radiological Control Technical Position RCTP OffIce of Worker Protection Programs and Hazards Management Issue: The occupational radiation protection regulations established by the (DOE) and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) are similar in many

More information

North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa. 2. *Corresponding author:

North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa. 2. *Corresponding author: Re-mobilization of uranium and thorium from sediments contaminated by naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) through leaching by acid mine drainage (AMD). Faanhof A 1, Shongwe NS 2 and Connell,

More information

USER'S GUIDE: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY

USER'S GUIDE: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY USER'S GUIDE: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY Introduction EPA classifies all radionuclides as Group A carcinogens. The Radionuclide Table on this website, formerly HEAST Table 4, lists ingestion, inhalation

More information

SLOVENIAN ALARM AND MONITORING NETWORKS

SLOVENIAN ALARM AND MONITORING NETWORKS SLOVENIAN ALARM AND MONITORING NETWORKS Jasmina Kožar Logar, Denis Glavič-Cindro "Jožef Stefan" Institute,, Slovenia CHERNOBYL 25 YEARS LATER: STUDIES, REMARKS AND RECENT FINDINGS June 21-22-23, 2011 UDINE

More information

The Periodic Table. Periodic Properties. Can you explain this graph? Valence Electrons. Valence Electrons. Paramagnetism

The Periodic Table. Periodic Properties. Can you explain this graph? Valence Electrons. Valence Electrons. Paramagnetism Periodic Properties Atomic & Ionic Radius Energy Electron Affinity We want to understand the variations in these properties in terms of electron configurations. The Periodic Table Elements in a column

More information

RADIOACTIVITY IN CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS

RADIOACTIVITY IN CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS RADIOACTIVITY IN CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS Milica M. Rajačić, Nataša B. Sarap, Marija M. Janković, Jelena D. Nikolić, Dragana J. Todorović and Gordana. Pantelić Institute for Nuclear Sciences "Vinča", University

More information

Background Tritium in Environmental Water Samples. Paul Snead NCHPS Fall Meeting November 2, 2006

Background Tritium in Environmental Water Samples. Paul Snead NCHPS Fall Meeting November 2, 2006 Background Tritium in Environmental Water Samples Paul Snead NCHPS Fall Meeting November 2, 2006 Tritium Basics Tritium ( 3 H) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen Nucleus has one proton and two neutrons

More information

Solutions and Ions. Pure Substances

Solutions and Ions. Pure Substances Class #4 Solutions and Ions CHEM 107 L.S. Brown Texas A&M University Pure Substances Pure substance: described completely by a single chemical formula Fixed composition 1 Mixtures Combination of 2 or more

More information

Tritium Releases and Dose Consequences in Canada in 2006

Tritium Releases and Dose Consequences in Canada in 2006 Canada s Nuclear Regulator Tritium Releases and Dose Consequences in Canada in 2006 Part of the Tritium Studies Project INFO-0793 December 2009 Tritium Releases and Dose Consequences in Canada in 2006

More information

Gy can be used for any type of radiation. Gy does not describe the biological effects of the different radiations.

Gy can be used for any type of radiation. Gy does not describe the biological effects of the different radiations. Absorbed Dose Dose is a measure of the amount of energy from an ionizing radiation deposited in a mass of some material. SI unit used to measure absorbed dose is the gray (Gy). 1J 1 Gy kg Gy can be used

More information

WASTE MANAGEMENT GLOSSARY

WASTE MANAGEMENT GLOSSARY IAEA-TECDOC-264 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT GLOSSARY A TECHNICAL DOCUMENT ISSUED RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT GLOSSARY IAEA, VIENNA, 1982 Printed by the IAEA in Austria April 1982 PLEASE BE AWARE THAT

More information

Half-life data a critical review of TECDOC-619 update

Half-life data a critical review of TECDOC-619 update ARTICLE IN PRESS Applied Radiation and Isotopes 60 (2004) 257 262 Half-life data a critical review of TECDOC-619 update M.J. Woods a, *, S.M. Collins b a Ionising Radiation Metrology Consultants Ltd, 152

More information

30 Zn(s) 45 Rh. Pd(s) Ag(s) Cd(s) In(s) Sn(s) white. 77 Ir. Pt(s) Au. Hg(l) Tl. 109 Mt. 111 Uuu. 112 Uub. 110 Uun. 65 Tb. 62 Sm. 64 Gd. 63 Eu.

30 Zn(s) 45 Rh. Pd(s) Ag(s) Cd(s) In(s) Sn(s) white. 77 Ir. Pt(s) Au. Hg(l) Tl. 109 Mt. 111 Uuu. 112 Uub. 110 Uun. 65 Tb. 62 Sm. 64 Gd. 63 Eu. Enthalpy changes: experimentally it is much easier to measure heat flow at const pressure - this is enthalpy q p = )H : also nearly all chemical reactions are done at constant pressure. Enthalpy (heat)

More information

Nuclear Forensics Research in China

Nuclear Forensics Research in China Nuclear Forensics Research in China Zhao Yonggang The 13th PIIC Beijing Seminar on International Security: Building a World of Sustainable Peace and Stability November 1-2, 2012 Beijing, China Main Content

More information

RADIOPHARMACY PURPOSE

RADIOPHARMACY PURPOSE RADIOPHARMACY PURPOSE This procedure provides general instructions for developing, maintaining, and documenting, radiation safety procedures for Intermountain Radiopharmacy, Radiology Department, University

More information

and storage of plutonium

and storage of plutonium IAEA-TECDOC-766 Safe handling, transport and storage of plutonium Proceedings of a Technical Committee meeting held in Vienna, 18-21 October 1993 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY /A> October 1994 The

More information

OPTIMIZATION OF MANAGEMENT OF LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTE GENERATED IN RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTRES

OPTIMIZATION OF MANAGEMENT OF LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTE GENERATED IN RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTRES OPTIMIZATION OF MANAGEMENT OF LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTE GENERATED IN RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTRES Macías 1 Mª T., Pérez 2 J., Pulido 2 J., Sastre 2 G., Sánchez A., Usera 4 F. 1 Instituto de Investigaciones

More information

Journal of American Science 2013;9(12)

Journal of American Science 2013;9(12) Journal of American Science 213;9(12) http://www.jofamericanscience.org Estimation of the Radiation Dose for Some Individuals Working With Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials Tarek Mahmoud Morsi,

More information

SAFETY ASSESSMENT CODES FOR THE NEAR-SURFACE DISPOSAL OF LOW AND INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE WITH THE COMPARTMENT MODEL: SAGE AND VR-KHNP

SAFETY ASSESSMENT CODES FOR THE NEAR-SURFACE DISPOSAL OF LOW AND INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE WITH THE COMPARTMENT MODEL: SAGE AND VR-KHNP SAFETY ASSESSMENT CODES FOR THE NEAR-SURFACE DISPOSAL OF LOW AND INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE WITH THE COMPARTMENT MODEL: SAGE AND VR-KHNP J. B. Park, J. W. Park, C. L. Kim, M. J. Song Korea Hydro

More information

Chemistry 2 Exam Roane State Academic Festival. Name (print neatly) School

Chemistry 2 Exam Roane State Academic Festival. Name (print neatly) School Name (print neatly) School There are fifteen question on this exam. Each question is weighted equally. n the answer sheet, write your name in the space provided and your answers in the blanks provided.

More information

(C) Pavel Sedach and Prep101 1

(C) Pavel Sedach and Prep101 1 (C) Pavel Sedach and Prep101 1 (C) Pavel Sedach and Prep101 1 (C) Pavel Sedach and Prep101 2 (C) Pavel Sedach and Prep101 2 (C) Pavel Sedach and Prep101 3 (C) Pavel Sedach and Prep101 3 (C) Pavel Sedach

More information

Radioactivity measurements and risk assessments in soil samples at south and middle of Qatar

Radioactivity measurements and risk assessments in soil samples at south and middle of Qatar Radioactivity measurements and risk assessments in soil samples at south and middle of Qatar A. T. Al-Kinani*, M. A. Amr**, K. A. Al-Saad**, A. I. Helal***, and M. M. Al Dosari* *Radiation and Chemical

More information

Radioactive effluent releases from Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant (1) - Gaseous effluent -

Radioactive effluent releases from Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant (1) - Gaseous effluent - Radioactive effluent releases from Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant (1) - Gaseous effluent - K.Anzai, S.Keta, M.Kano *, N.Ishihara, T.Moriyama, Y.Okamura K.Ogaki, K.Noda a a Reprocessing Business Division,

More information

Transfer Factors of Radionuclides from Soil to Rice and Wheat Collected in Japan

Transfer Factors of Radionuclides from Soil to Rice and Wheat Collected in Japan Transfer Factors of Radionuclides from Soil to Rice and Wheat Collected in Japan S. UCHIDA 1 *, K. TAGAMI 1, I. HIRAI 2, M. KOMAMURA 3 Office of Biospheric Assessment for Waste Disposal, National Institute

More information

7) Applications of Nuclear Radiation in Science and Technique (1) Analytical applications (Radiometric titration)

7) Applications of Nuclear Radiation in Science and Technique (1) Analytical applications (Radiometric titration) 7) Applications of Nuclear Radiation in Science and Technique (1) (Radiometric titration) The radioactive material is indicator Precipitation reactions Complex formation reactions Principle of a precipitation

More information

8. Relax and do well.

8. Relax and do well. CHEM 1225 Exam III John III. Gelder April 8, 1999 Name TA's Name Lab Section INSTRUCTIONS: 1. This examination consists of a total of 7 different pages. The last two pages includes a periodic table and

More information

Chemistry 431 Practice Final Exam Fall Hours

Chemistry 431 Practice Final Exam Fall Hours Chemistry 431 Practice Final Exam Fall 2018 3 Hours R =8.3144 J mol 1 K 1 R=.0821 L atm mol 1 K 1 R=.08314 L bar mol 1 K 1 k=1.381 10 23 J molecule 1 K 1 h=6.626 10 34 Js N A = 6.022 10 23 molecules mol

More information

Pete Burgess, Nuvia Limited. Clearance and exemption

Pete Burgess, Nuvia Limited. Clearance and exemption Pete Burgess, Nuvia Limited Clearance and exemption The clearance, exclusion and exemption process Most of the UK nuclear industry (and many other organisations) refer to the Clearance and Exemption Working

More information

10 CFR 50 Appendix I Time for a Change?

10 CFR 50 Appendix I Time for a Change? 10 CFR 50 Appendix I Time for a Change? RETS-REMP Workshop Savannah, GA 25-Jun-2014 By Richard Conatser, NRC Background NRC regulations use: ICRP-2 Recommendations, 1959 (Appendix I) ICRP-26 Recommendations,

More information

Radionuclide Information Booklet

Radionuclide Information Booklet Radionuclide Information Booklet September 2016 Document Title Radionuclide Information Booklet Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) 2016 PWGSC catalogue number CC172-162/2016E-PDF ISBN 978-0-660-06034-7

More information

8. Relax and do well.

8. Relax and do well. CHEM 1314 3;30 pm Theory Exam III John III. Gelder November 13, 2002 Name TA's Name Lab Section INSTRUCTIONS: 1. This examination consists of a total of 8 different pages. The last page include a periodic

More information