1 Vocabulary. Chapter 5 Ecology. Lesson

Transcription

1 1 Vocabulary Symbiosis a close, long-term relationship between organisms that benefits at least one of the organisms Decomposer living thing that breaks down waste and things that have died Energy pyramid a diagram that shows the amounts of energy that flows through each level of a food chain Ecosystem living and nonliving things that interact with each other in an environment Habitat where a living thing lives and meets its needs Biomes large group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms Community all the populations in one place that interact with each other Population all living things of the same species that living the same place, at the same time Niche an organism s role in the habitat Cycle a repeating process or flow of material through a system

2 1 Vocabulary Matching Answer Key Letter D Definition 1. living and nonliving things that interact with each other in an environment A. Word symbiosis I all living things of the same species that living the same place, at the same time 2. B. decomposer E 3. where a living thing lives and meets its needs C. energy pyramid H 4. all the populations in one place that interact with each other D. ecosystem J 5. an organism s role in the habitat E. habitat F 6. large group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms F. biomes C 7. a diagram that shows the amounts of energy that flows through each level of a food chain G. cycle A 8. a close, long-term relationship between organisms that benefits at least one of the organisms H. community G 9. a repeating process or flow of material through a system I. population B 10. living thing that breaks down waste and things that have died J. niche

3 Ecology Lesson 3 God s Habitat and Man s Niche Job 40:15, 21 (NKJV) Look now at the behemoth, which I made along with you; he eats grass like an ox... He lies under the lotus trees, in a covert of reeds and marsh. I Corinthians 12:12, 18 (NKJV) For as the body is one and has many members, but all the members of that one body, being many, are one body, so also is Christ...But now God has set the members, each one of them, in the body just as He pleased.

4 Ecology Lesson 3 Ecosystems An ecosystem is the interaction of the living and nonliving things in an environment. Organisms live and grow in ecosystems where their needs are met. A habitat is the place where a living thing makes its home and meets its needs. The niche that organism fills is its role in the habitat. A niche is like its job. A niche will include an organism s food, how it gets its food, and other organisms that it uses as food. A population is a group of organisms of one species that live in an area at the same time A community is all the populations in one place that interact with each other.

5 3 Ecosystems-2 The world is divided into large regions called biomes based on the climate of the areas. Organisms that are suited for that climate live and interact with each other. They have structures that are suitable for survival. Rainforest Temperate Deciduous Forest Boreal, or Taiga Forest Chaparral Grassland Savanna Desert Tundra

6 4 The Ice Age Biome BIBLICAL WOLRDVIEW EVOLUTIONARY WORLDVIEW Beaver Human Kangaroo The Loop of Henle 1. Began soon after the Flood and continued for less than a thousand years. 2. Was caused by warm oceans and cold land masses after the flood. 1. The last one started about two million years ago and ended 11,000 years ago. 2. It was punctuated by warm interglacial periods which lasted 10% of the time. 3. There were multiple ice ages every million years.

7 4 The Flood, the Trigger to the Ice Age After the flood, there would have been warm oceans and cold continents to create an ICE AGE. Precipitation (as snow) Cloud Formation Would have kept the snow from melting Cold Landmass Evaporation Warm Oceans After the Flood The extent of the ice at the peak of the ICE AGE was only about 1/3 of the earth s surface. Ice Age could explain: Hippos in England Crocodiles in the desert What happened to the wooly mammoth

8 Ecology Lesson 4 Cave Men? Neanderthal People Do you think the Neanderthal People, or cavemen, were primitive humans or humans that reflected the impact of the biome in which they lived?

9 Ecology Lesson 4 Biomes of the World Grassland land ecosystem with few trees, lots of grasses and flowers Desert Land Biomes land ecosystem with little rain, can be hot like the Sahara or cold like Antarctica Tundra cold, dry, grassy land ecosystem near the polar parts of the world Forest Taiga or boreal forests grow in places with cold, snowy winters and warm, dry summers. Deciduous forests grow in warmer climates that include summer rain and winter snow. Tropical rainforests can have a climate that is warm and rainy throughout the year.

10 Ecology Lesson 4 Biomes of the World-2 Water Biomes Coral Reef Rivers and Streams Wetlands Deep Sea

11 5 Energy Pyramid Through a Biblical Food Web SUN Genesis 1:16 Then God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night. He made the stars also. (NKJV) 2. GRASS Genesis 1:29-30 And God said, See, I have given you every herb that yields seed which is on the face of the earth, and every tree whose fruit yields seed; to you it shall be for food. Also, to every beast of the earth, to every bird of the air, and to everything that creeps on the earth, in which there is life, I have given every green herb for food; and it was so. (NKJV) 3. DEER Job 40:14 Behold now, Behemoth, which I made as well as you; He eats grass like an ox. (NASB) 4. MAN Genesis 9:3 Every moving thing that lives shall be food for you. I have given you all things, even as the green herbs. (NKJV) 4. LION Ezekiel 22:25a The conspiracy of her prophets in her midst is like a roaring lion tearing the prey; they have devoured people... (NKJV) 5. WORM Job 21:26 They lie down alike in the dust, and worms cover them. (NKJV) 6. DUST Genesis 3:19 In the sweat of your face you shall eat bread till you return to the ground, for out of it you were taken; for dust you are, and to dust you shall return. (NKJV)

12 5 Living Together and Energy-1 In an ecosystem, organisms may compete for space, water, light, food or mates. Competition occurs in an ecosystem when two or more species must share the same resource. Competition can occur between animals of the same species or between animals of different species. Symbiosis is a long-term relationship between different species. At least three types of symbiotic relationships exist. One species is always helped. Livings things interact with each other in different ways: A) Communalistic Relationship: One kind helping another B) Parasitic Relationship: One kind harming another C) Mutualistic Relationship: Both are helped The relationship between the clownfish and sea anemone is example of a mutualistic relationship. The anemone stings other fish that attack the clownfish and then eats the leftovers attached to the clownfish s body.

13 5 Living Together and Energy-2 Energy in an ecosystem is passed from one organism to another in a food chain. Energy flow in a community takes place in a food web which is more than one food chain. START Producers make their own food. Plants are producers. Consumers eat other organisms to get energy. Decomposers eat waste or dead organisms. Energy Heat Heat An energy pyramid is a diagram that shows the amount of energy that flows through each level of a food chain. Less energy flows through the higher levels of an energy pyramid because most of the energy is used to do life activities. Heat

14 6 Cycles There is constant cycling of minerals and nutrients that pass from living organisms to the soil and then back to living things. Decomposers are organisms that eat waste and break down dead matter. Fire also breaks down matter. The ashes become part of the soil again. The niche of a decomposer is to recycle wastes and dead material to be used again. The nitrogen cycle provides plant and animal cells nitrogen they need to do their work. Nitrogen cycles within the ecosystem through the food chain from the plants and animals that are eaten. Nitrogen compounds are made from nitrogen in the air by lightning, soil bacteria, and some plants. Nitrogen gas composes about 78% of the earth s atmosphere.

15 9 Concept Map Biomes Environment Habitat Niche Living Things Community Population Food Web Ecosystems Producers Grasslands Forests Tundra Deserts Saltwater Freshwater Carnivores Herbivores Consumers Decomposers Cycles Omnivores