1 Vocabulary. Chapter 5 Ecology. Lesson. Carnivore an organism that only eats meat or flesh. Niche an organism s role in the habitat

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1 1 Vocabulary Carnivore an organism that only eats meat or flesh Niche an organism s role in the habitat Community all the populations in one place that interact with each other Decomposer digests the waste and dead remains of plants and animals Population all the living things of the same Kind or species that live in the same place Herbivore an organism that only eats plant material Parasite an organism that feeds on a host organism Competition behavior that occurs in an ecosystem when two or more Kinds or species must share the same resource Omnivore an organism that eats both plants and meat Host organism a parasite feeds upon

2 1 Vocabulary Matching Answer Key Letter E Definition 1. an organism that only eats plant material A. Word carnivore A 2. an organism that only eats meat or flesh B. niche F 3. an organism that feeds on a host organism C. decomposer G 4. behavior that occurs in an ecosystem when two or more Kinds or species must share the same resource D. population J 5. organism a parasite feeds upon E. herbivore D 6. all the living things of the same kind or species that live in the same place F. parasite I 7. an organism that eats both plants and meat G. competition C 8. digests the waste and dead remains of plants and animals H. community B 9. an organism s role in the habitat I. omnivore H 10. all the populations in one place that interact with each other J. host

3 3 God s Habitat and Man s Niche...and He made from one, every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth, having determined their appointed times and the boundaries of their habitation, that they should seek God, if perhaps they might grope for Him and find Him, though He is not far from each one of us..." Acts 17:26-27 (NASB) SCRIPTURE Living Things Habitat Who sent out the wild donkey free? And who loosed the bonds of the swift donkey, to whom I gave the wilderness for a home and the salt land for his dwelling? Job 39:5-6 (NASB) The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD s; but the earth He has given to the children of men. Psalm 115:16 (NKJV) Wild donkey Man Wasteland and salt flats Earth

4 Ecology Lesson 3 Parts of an Ecosystem 1 An ecosystem is the interaction of the living and nonliving things in an environment. Different climates produce different ecosystems. Grassland, desert, tundra, forests, rainforests, freshwater and saltwater are types of ecosystems.

5 Ecology Lesson 3 Parts of an Ecosystem 2 A habitat is the place where a living thing makes its home and meets its needs. The niche that organism fills is its role in the habitat. A niche is like its job. A niche will include an organism s food, how it gets its food, and other organisms that it uses as food. A population is all the living things of the same Kind or species that live in the same place. A community is all the populations in one place that interact with each other.

6 4 Consumers: What Did They Eat? BEFORE THE GENESIS FLOOD AFTER THE GENESIS FLOOD And God said, See, I have given you every herb that yields seed which is on the face of the earth, and every tree whose fruit yields seed; to you it shall be for food. Genesis 1:29 (NKJV) Every moving thing that lives shall be food for you. I have given you all things, even as the green herbs. Genesis 9:3 (NKJV)

7 4 Energy and Matter Flow 1 Energy in an ecosystem is passed from one organism to another in a food chain. Living things need energy to live. Plants get energy from the sun. Animals get energy from plants or from other animals that eat plants. Living things that make food are producers. Green plants are producers. They use energy from sunlight to make food out of matter from the air and soil. Living things that eat food are consumers. There are three kinds of consumers: herbivore, carnivore and omnivore. Decomposers digest the waste and remains of dead plants and animals. Decomposers will recycle food energy to be reused by producers and consumers.

8 4 Energy and Matter Flow 2 Energy flow in a community takes place in a food web which is more than one food chain. Sometimes an organism can be part of more than one food chain. If the flow of energy in a food chain is broken by natural or man-made events, some organisms may not survive. START Organisms need more than energy to survive. They also need matter in the form of minerals, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. When organisms die and decay, this matter is returned to the ecosystem.

9 5 Yucca to Yucca Living things interact with other living things sometimes in such a way that both benefit. Let s take a look at the yucca moth and the yucca plant. The female yucca moth collects pollen from a yucca plant. She then flies to another yucca plant, pokes a hole in the flower and lays an egg. After laying her egg, she pollinates the flower with the pollen she collected and flies away. A little while later, the yucca plant produces seeds. At the same time, the yucca moth s egg hatches and the larva eats some of those seeds in order to grow up. Eventually the moth flies away, scattering the remaining seeds on the ground. Those scattered seeds will grow into new yucca plants.

10 5 Balance and Interaction 1 Competition occurs in an ecosystem when two or more species must share the same resource. Behaviors of some species can reduce or eliminate some competition. Ecosystems are healthy when all the parts are in balance. Ecosystems undergo constant change. Since all living things in an ecosystem are interrelated, a change in one organism will affect the entire community.

11 Ecology Lesson 5 Balance and Interaction 2 Livings things can interact with each other in different ways: A) One kind helping another B) One kind harming another C) Both are helped While it drinks flower nectar, an insect spreads pollen among the flowers. Parasites are organisms that benefit from a relationship while harming the host.

12 6 Why are There Natural Disasters? There are many examples of natural disasters recorded in the Bible. Can you name some of them? Why are there natural disasters? There are three primary answers: A left over effect of the Genesis Flood We live in a world affected by sin God s Judgment

13 Ecology Lesson 6 Changing Environments and People 1 Environments change naturally over time. These changes can occur slowly or very quickly. The process of gradual change is called succession. Climate is the average temperature, winds, and rainfall for an area over many years. Environmental change can be caused from climate changes. In 1970, the peregrine falcon was an endangered species. People worked hard to save the species. By 1999, it was no longer endangered. Sometimes species can become extinct due to natural events or human activities. Populations of some species have been so reduced that they become endangered. Fossil evidence shows that species and the environments have changed over the years.

14 6 Changing Environments and People 2 Hurricanes Volcanoes Forest fires Earthquakes Extreme natural events hurricanes, floods, fires, volcanoes, and earthquakes can cause rapid changes to an environment. These events can increase or decrease a population. Often, rapid events are destructive but can also be beneficial. Humans can change the environment to meet their needs for survival. Pollutants in water and air can harm many organisms, causing them to die or leave the area. Humans pollute land by burying garbage and hazardous wastes which can seep into surrounding areas.

15 9 Concept Map Environment Community Decomposers Population Food Chains Living Things Food Web Carnivores Producers Consumers Herbivores Plant Omnivores Grasslands Forests Ecosystems Freshwater Ecosystems Tundra Deserts Saltwater Ecosystems

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