1.3 What are the needs of Organisms? *Autotrophs: organisms that can (i.e. plants) *Heterotrophs: organisms that (i.e. humans)

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1 1.3 What are the needs of Organisms? 5 Things Living Organisms Need 1- -Organisms get energy from in order to. *Autotrophs: organisms that can (i.e. plants) *Heterotrophs: organisms that (i.e. humans) 2- - use water to make and about is made up of water. 3- -A. - to breathe and give off carbon dioxide. - and give off oxygen. 4- -Warm-blooded animals have a. When environmental temperatures change, the body temperature stays about the same. - is the process of keeping conditions inside the body constant, no matter the conditions outside the body. It is like a thermostat. -Cold-blooded animals don t have a constant temperature. Their depending on the temperature in their environment. 5- -All organisms for a place to live. Their living space needs to provide, water, air,, and be at the proper temperature.

2 11.1 What is Ecology? - is the study of the relationship between and their. - are the scientists who study how living things adapt to their environment. -Green plants get from and get carbon dioxide from the. They use, water, minerals, carbon dioxide and for energy. Plants also use for cellular respiration. - can get nutrients and energy by or other. -Organisms interact/act upon each other and the in their environment. - of an ecosystem are factors (living) and factors (nonliving)-light, temperature, and atmospheric gases) 12.1 What are producers and consumers? : : Organism that makes its own food Organism that obtains food by eating other organisms i.e. plants, algae and phytoplankton herbivore consumer that only eats plants (rabbits, cows) carnivore consumer that only eats animals (tigers, dogs) omnivore consumer that eats both plants and animals (humans) Scavengers: Only that have or killed by other animals i.e. vultures, hyenas, certain ants, beetles and worms Decomposers: Organisms that the wastes or of dead organisms. They from the dead organism, air, and water. i.e. bacteria and fungi Consumers *Eat Producers i.e caterpillars eat leaves Consumers *Eat primary consumers i.e. Tree frogs eat plant eating animals like caterpillars Consumers *Eat secondary consumers i.e Toucans, a bird, eat tree frogs and snakes

3 11.2 What is an ecosystem? Population: All the living in a. Different populations can all live together in the same environment. Community: All the live and interact together in the environment. Ecosystem: of communities that with each other and the water, air, & soil. i.e. desert lakes puddle of water rotting log ponds rivers Ecosystem self-support themselves 1- Produces Energy 2- Energy sun to plants plants to animals animals to animals 3- Breakdown of decomposed organisms are reused by other organisms 4- materials used over and over

4 11.3 What are habitats and niches? -There are many different types of or places where. A habitat provides food, water, and shelter. -Each organism has they play in their community. A is the in its habitat. -Organisms can have the, but have the. Some times populations may and adapt to one another.

5 11.4 What are limiting factors? -Limiting : condition in the environment that the size a population can grow to i.e. plants amount of sunlight, type of, amount of animals temperature, and food supply, -The size of the animal population depends on the size of the plant population What are biomes? -Climate is the over a. It determines the kind of plants and animals in an environment. -A is a large region with the of animals and plants. Every type of biome has a certain climate and type of soil. 7 Major Land Biomes Tundra: permanently frozen ground found in the North with the coldest climate Plants -mosses, lichens, grasses, small flowers, shrubs Animals - birds, wolves, foxes, reindeer Taiga: located south of the tundra with a cold climate Coniferous Trees - evergreens Animals - moose, squirrels, rabbits, beavers Temperate deciduous forest: south of the taiga with a moderate climate that has a long growing season and a cold winter Deciduous Trees - oak, maple, birch - many kinds of animals and birds

6 Temperate grasslands: found in the middle of a continent with a moderate climate but little rain for tall trees to grow; used for farming -large herds of animals feed off of different types of grasses Savannas: found closer to the equator -large herds of animals feed off of different types of grasses, trees and shrubs Tropical rain forest: located in areas near the equator that receive a lot of rain and is hot -tall trees and different kinds of plants along with many types of animals Deserts: temperatures are moderate/hot with little rain Plants -cacti & few other plants grow Animals - birds, lizards, scorpions Minor biomes Polar ice biome: located around the North and South poles with thick sheets of ice & cold temperatures -penguins Chaparral: found in coastal areas with mild and rainy winters and long, dry summers