Chapter 20 Cell Division Summary
|
|
- Austin Carroll
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 20 Cell Division Summary Bk3 Ch20 Cell Division/1 Table 1: The concept of cell (Section 20.1) A repeated process in which a cell divides many times to make new cells Cell Responsible for growth, repair and reproduction in an organism Usually involves of the nucleus, followed by of the cytoplasm Table 2: Chromosome (Section 20.1; Figs. 20.2, 20.3 and 20.4) Characteristics of s Inside the nuclei of cells Thread-like structures Carry genetic materials which determine the characteristics of the organism Invisible under the microscope when a cell is not dividing (extend into very fine chromatins) Become much shorter and thicker when a cell starts to divide Visible under the microscope as darkly stained threads after treating with a special stain Number of s in body cells of organisms of the same species is always the same Always occur in pairs in a cell Members of a pair of s are known as homologous s Table 3: Types of cell (Section 20.1) Mitotic cell Plays important roles in growth and repair Meiotic cell Involved in reproduction Replication of genetic materials takes place before cell occurs Table 4: Mitotic cell (Section 20.2) Mitotic cell A process by which a cell divides and produces two identical cells New cells formed contain the same number and kinds of s as their parent cell Gives rise to a large number of cells that contain identical genetic materials Found in different parts of the human body Localized in the root tips and shoot tips in plants Mitosis is the process of nucleus 1
2 Bk3 Ch20 Cell Division/2 Table 5: The process of mitosis (Extension Study) (Section 20.2; Fig. 20.6) Chromosomes become shorter and thicker Each appears as a pair of identical chromatids Each chromatid carries an exact copy of genetic materials of the parent Nuclear membrane disappears The second stage Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, each attaching to spindle fibres Each pair of chromatids separate from each other and move towards opposite ends of the cell Separated chromatids are now called daughter s Each end of the cell has a complete set of s as the parent cell Daughter s extend into tiny threads and become invisible Nuclear membrane is formed around each set of daughter s, producing two identical daughter nuclei Table 6: Division of cytoplasm after mitosis (Extension Study) (Section 20.2) In plant cells In animal cells Cytoplasm is separated into two halves by new cell membranes and cell walls formed between the two newly formed nuclei (Fig. 20.7(a)) Cytoplasm separates into two halves by constricting inwards between two daughter nuclei (Fig. 20.7(b)) Table 7: Significance of mitotic cell (Section 20.2) Provides new cells for body growth Significance of mitotic cell In humans, it is responsible for the growth of the body from a fertilized egg into the mature organism Produces new cells for replacing dead or worn out cells Produces new cells for repairing wounds or damaged tissues In some organisms, cells are produced for asexual reproduction Table 8: Meiotic cell (Section 20.3) Meiotic cell Produces gametes Four daughter cells are produced from a parent cell Number of s in the daughter cells is reduced by half to that of parent cell Meiosis is the process of nucleus 2
3 Bk3 Ch20 Cell Division/3 Table 9: The process of meiosis (Extension Study) (Section 20.3; Fig. 20.8) First meiotic (separation of homologous s) Second meiotic (separation of chromatids) The second stage The second stage Each pair of homologous s lie side by side Each duplicates to form two identical chromatids Nuclear membrane disappears Paired homologous s line up in the middle of the cell Two members of each homologous pair of s separate from each other and move towards opposite ends of the cell Division of cytoplasm takes place Results in two daughter cells Each appears as a pair of chromatids Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell Each pair of chromatids separate from each other and move towards opposite ends of the cell Each chromatid becomes a daughter Nuclear membrane is formed and four nuclei are produced Table 10: Division of cytoplasm after meiosis (Extension Study) (Section 20.3) After meiosis Cytoplasm divides to form four haploid daughter cells (gametes) Table 11: Significance of meiotic cell (Section 20.3) Significance of meiotic cell Results in haploid gametes (with halving of numbers) Normal diploid number of s is restored when a male gamete and a female gamete fuse together to form a zygote during fertilization (Fig. 20.9) Each pair of homologous s arranged in the middle of the cell and separated are independent of other pairs of homologous s (independent assortment) (Fig ) Gametes contain different combinations of genetic materials In fertilization, fusion of gametes is a random process and this leads to different combinations of genetic materials in the zygotes Essential for maintaining a constant number in the offspring produced by sexual reproduction Provides genetic variation and is important for evolution of the species 3
4 Bk3 Ch20 Cell Division/4 Glossary Vocabulary 詞彙 Page Description 解釋 asexual reproduction 無性生殖 63, 83 reproduction involving one parent, without the fusion of gametes cell 細胞分裂 63 the process of dividing a cell into two or more new cells after replication of cell materials, include two modes: mitotic cell and meiotic cell chromatin 染色質 64 a material inside the nucleus; during cell the chromatin is transformed into genetic 遺傳 64 the scientific study of genes and the inheritance of characters homologous meiotic cell mitotic cell 同源染色體 64, 168 減數細胞分裂 有絲細胞分裂 s in the cells of sexually reproducing organisms which contain identical sets of genes, the two s of each pair are identical in shape and size and will line up during meiosis 65 the process of cell in which s of germ cells are reduced from the diploid number to the haploid number during oogenesis and spermatogenesis 65 the process of cell in which each splits into two, leaving each new cell with the same number of s as the parent cell mitosis 有絲分裂 66 the process by which a cell divides into two cells, each with exactly the same number and type of s as the original cell replication 複製 66 the synthesis of an exact copy of a structure from a template of the same structure 只涉單一親本, 不涉配子融合的繁殖模式 細胞在進行物質複製後, 分成兩個或以上新細胞的過程 ; 包括兩種模式 : 有絲細胞分裂和減數細胞分裂 細胞核內的物質 細胞分裂期間, 染色質轉化成染色體 以科學方法研究基因, 以及特徵如何從一代遺傳給下一代 進行有性生殖的生物的細胞中, 兩條含相同基因且形狀及大小相同的染色體, 每對的兩條染色體會在減數分裂時並列 細胞分裂的過程, 當中生殖細胞染色體的數目由二倍體減至單倍體, 而遞減的過程在卵子發生與精子發生的期間出現 細胞分裂的過程, 當中每條染色體一分為二, 結果形成的每個新細胞的染色體數目, 是與親本細胞相同的 細胞一分為二, 形成兩個新細胞的過程, 每個新細胞擁有跟原來細胞種類和數目相同的染色體 根據某個結構的模板, 製造出完全相同的結構作為複製品 4
5 Vocabulary 詞彙 Page Description 解釋 chromatid 染色單體 67 one of two DNA molecules and its associated proteins of a duplicated ; remain attached to its sister chromatid until they are separated from each other during nuclear, becoming a separate spindle fibre 紡錘絲 67 fibres that form during nuclear, which attach themselves to s and attract them towards the two poles daughter cell 子細胞 68 the cells formed after cell gamete 配子 70 sex cell; reproductive cell that must fuse with another before it can develop into a new individual meiosis 減數分裂 70 the process by which a cell divides to form sex cells, each with half the number of the parental s diploid 二倍體 71 the status of having two sets of s in the nucleus; usually in non-reproductive cells haploid 單倍體 71 to describe the status of having only a single set of s in nucleus; such as the sex cells fertilization 受精作用 75, 100, 121 the fusion of male and female gametes Bk3 Ch20 Cell Division/5 一對已複製的染色體的其中一條 DNA 分子與有關的蛋白質, 在分離前與另一染色單體相連, 細胞核分裂後會形成個別的染色體 細胞核分裂時形成的纖維, 負責連接染色體, 並把它們拉向兩極 細胞分裂後所形成的細胞 即性細胞或生殖細胞, 須先與其他生殖細胞融合, 才可發育成新的個體 過程中, 細胞分裂成性細胞, 結果每個性細胞的染色體數目比親本染色體減少一半 形容細胞核中有兩組染色體的狀態, 通常在非生殖細胞中出現 形容細核中只有一組染色體的狀態, 例子有性細胞 雄性與雌性的配子融合的過程 zygote 合子 75, 85 the fertilized ovum 已受精的卵 independent assortment 獨立分配 76, 190 Mendelian principle that each gene pair tends to assort into gametes independently of other gene pairs located on non-homologous s 孟德爾的理論, 指出每對基因不受處於其他染色體上的基因的影響, 分別分離進配子中 5
0 0 = 1 0 = 0 1 = = 1 1 = 0 0 = 1
0 0 = 1 0 = 0 1 = 0 1 1 = 1 1 = 0 0 = 1 : = {0, 1} : 3 (,, ) = + (,, ) = + + (, ) = + (,,, ) = ( + )( + ) + ( + )( + ) + = + = = + + = + = ( + ) + = + ( + ) () = () ( + ) = + + = ( + )( + ) + = = + 0
More informationChapter 1 Linear Regression with One Predictor Variable
Chapter 1 Linear Regression with One Predictor Variable 許湘伶 Applied Linear Regression Models (Kutner, Nachtsheim, Neter, Li) hsuhl (NUK) LR Chap 1 1 / 41 Regression analysis is a statistical methodology
More information生物統計教育訓練 - 課程. Introduction to equivalence, superior, inferior studies in RCT 謝宗成副教授慈濟大學醫學科學研究所. TEL: ext 2015
生物統計教育訓練 - 課程 Introduction to equivalence, superior, inferior studies in RCT 謝宗成副教授慈濟大學醫學科學研究所 tchsieh@mail.tcu.edu.tw TEL: 03-8565301 ext 2015 1 Randomized controlled trial Two arms trial Test treatment
More informationLinear Regression. Applied Linear Regression Models (Kutner, Nachtsheim, Neter, Li) hsuhl (NUK) SDA Regression 1 / 34
Linear Regression 許湘伶 Applied Linear Regression Models (Kutner, Nachtsheim, Neter, Li) hsuhl (NUK) SDA Regression 1 / 34 Regression analysis is a statistical methodology that utilizes the relation between
More information= lim(x + 1) lim x 1 x 1 (x 2 + 1) 2 (for the latter let y = x2 + 1) lim
1061 微乙 01-05 班期中考解答和評分標準 1. (10%) (x + 1)( (a) 求 x+1 9). x 1 x 1 tan (π(x )) (b) 求. x (x ) x (a) (5 points) Method without L Hospital rule: (x + 1)( x+1 9) = (x + 1) x+1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 (x + 1) (for the
More informationMultiple sequence alignment (MSA)
Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) From pairwise to multiple A T _ A T C A... A _ C A T _ A... A T _ G C G _... A _ C G T _ A... A T C A C _ A... _ T C G A G A... Relationship of sequences (Tree) NODE
More informationSexual Reproduction. The two parent cells needed for sexual reproduction are called gametes. They are formed during a process known as meiosis.
Sexual Reproduction Recall that asexual reproduction involves only one parent cell. This parent cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual reproduction,
More information授課大綱 課號課程名稱選別開課系級學分 結果預視
授課大綱 課號課程名稱選別開課系級學分 B06303A 流體力學 Fluid Mechanics 必 結果預視 課程介紹 (Course Description): 機械工程學系 三甲 3 在流體力學第一課的學生可能會問 : 什麼是流體力學? 為什麼我必須研究它? 我為什麼要研究它? 流體力學有哪些應用? 流體包括液體和氣體 流體力學涉及靜止和運動時流體的行為 對流體力學的基本原理和概念的了解和理解對分析任何工程系統至關重要,
More informationPurposes of Cell Division
Purposes of Cell Division Increase the number of cells for growth and repair of worn out tissues What examples in the human body can you think of? Transmit genetic information to later generations Why
More information國立中正大學八十一學年度應用數學研究所 碩士班研究生招生考試試題
國立中正大學八十一學年度應用數學研究所 碩士班研究生招生考試試題 基礎數學 I.(2%) Test for convergence or divergence of the following infinite series cos( π (a) ) sin( π n (b) ) n n=1 n n=1 n 1 1 (c) (p > 1) (d) n=2 n(log n) p n,m=1 n 2 +
More informationBiology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis
Biology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis 6:1 Chromosomes DNA GENES CHROMATIN/CHROMOSOMES CHROMOSOMES/CHROMATIN are made of units called GENES. GENES are made of a compound called deoxyribonucleic acid or
More information論文與專利寫作暨學術 倫理期末報告 班級 : 碩化一甲學號 :MA 姓名 : 林郡澤老師 : 黃常寧
論文與專利寫作暨學術 倫理期末報告 班級 : 碩化一甲學號 :MA540117 姓名 : 林郡澤老師 : 黃常寧 About 85% of the world s energy requirements are currently satisfied by exhaustible fossil fuels that have detrimental consequences on human health
More informationChapter 22 Lecture. Essential University Physics Richard Wolfson 2 nd Edition. Electric Potential 電位 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 22 Lecture Essential University Physics Richard Wolfson 2 nd Edition Electric Potential 電位 Slide 22-1 In this lecture you ll learn 簡介 The concept of electric potential difference 電位差 Including
More information台灣大學開放式課程 有機化學乙 蔡蘊明教授 本著作除另有註明, 作者皆為蔡蘊明教授, 所有內容皆採用創用 CC 姓名標示 - 非商業使用 - 相同方式分享 3.0 台灣授權條款釋出
台灣大學開放式課程 有機化學乙 蔡蘊明教授 本著作除另有註明, 作者皆為蔡蘊明教授, 所有內容皆採用創用 姓名標示 - 非商業使用 - 相同方式分享 3.0 台灣授權條款釋出 hapter S Stereochemistry ( 立體化學 ): chiral molecules ( 掌性分子 ) Isomerism constitutional isomers butane isobutane 分子式相同但鍵結方式不同
More informationCh.9 Liquids and Solids
Ch.9 Liquids and Solids 9.1. Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium 1. Vapor Pressure. Vapor Pressure versus Temperature 3. Boiling Temperature. Critical Temperature and Pressure 9.. Phase Diagram 1. Sublimation. Melting
More informationChapter 6. Series-Parallel Circuits ISU EE. C.Y. Lee
Chapter 6 Series-Parallel Circuits Objectives Identify series-parallel relationships Analyze series-parallel circuits Determine the loading effect of a voltmeter on a circuit Analyze a Wheatstone bridge
More informationMGC New Life Christian Academy
A. Meiosis Main Idea: Meiosis produces haploid gametes. Key Concept: Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. Sexual
More information2019 年第 51 屆國際化學奧林匹亞競賽 國內初選筆試 - 選擇題答案卷
2019 年第 51 屆國際化學奧林匹亞競賽 國內初選筆試 - 選擇題答案卷 一 單選題 :( 每題 3 分, 共 72 分 ) 題號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案 B D D A C B C B 題號 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 答案 C E D D 送分 E A B 題號 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 答案 D A E C A C 送分 B 二 多選題
More informationWhat is mitosis? -Process in which a cell divides, creating TWO complete Sets of the original cell with the same EXACT genetic Material (DNA)
What is mitosis? -Process in which a cell divides, creating TWO complete Sets of the original cell with the same EXACT genetic Material (DNA) Cell Division Produces CLONES with the same # of chromosomes
More informationWhy do cells divide? Why do cells divide? What would happen if they didn t?
1 of 41 Boardworks Ltd 2007 2 of 41 Boardworks Ltd 2007 Why do cells divide? 3 of 41 Boardworks Ltd 2007 Why do cells divide? What would happen if they didn t? Organisms would only ever exist as single
More informationHKDSE Chemistry Paper 2 Q.1 & Q.3
HKDSE 2017 Chemistry Paper 2 Q.1 & Q.3 Focus areas Basic chemical knowledge Question requirement Experimental work Calculations Others Basic Chemical Knowledge Question 1(a)(i) (1) Chemical equation for
More informationCellular Reproduction = Cell Division. Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms
Cellular Reproduction = Cell Division Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms Genes DNA Chromatin fiber Chromosomes Fig. 9.6 Genes, the segments of DNA, are part of chromatin fiber
More information2:1 Chromosomes DNA Genes Chromatin Chromosomes CHROMATIN: nuclear material in non-dividing cell, composed of DNA/protein in thin uncoiled strands
Human Heredity Chapter 2 Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis 2:1 Chromosomes DNA Genes Chromatin Chromosomes CHROMATIN: nuclear material in non-dividing cell, composed of DNA/protein in thin uncoiled strands
More informationAlgorithms and Complexity
Algorithms and Complexity 2.1 ALGORITHMS( 演算法 ) Def: An algorithm is a finite set of precise instructions for performing a computation or for solving a problem The word algorithm algorithm comes from the
More informationCellular Division. copyright cmassengale
Cellular Division 1 Cell Division All cells are derived from pre- existing cells New cells are produced for growth and to replace damaged or old cells Differs in prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (protists,
More informationYou have body cells and gametes Body cells are known as somatic cells. Germ cells develop into gametes or sex cells. Germ cells are located in the
MEIOSIS You have body cells and gametes Body cells are known as somatic cells. Germ cells develop into gametes or sex cells. Germ cells are located in the ovaries and testes. Gametes are sex cells: egg
More informationDifferential Equations (DE)
工程數學 -- 微分方程 51 Differenial Equaions (DE) 授課者 : 丁建均 教學網頁 :hp://djj.ee.nu.edu.w/de.hm 本著作除另有註明外, 採取創用 CC 姓名標示 - 非商業性 - 相同方式分享 台灣 3. 版授權釋出 Chaper 8 Sysems of Linear Firs-Order Differenial Equaions 另一種解 聯立微分方程式
More informationCandidates Performance in Paper I (Q1-4, )
HKDSE 2016 Candidates Performance in Paper I (Q1-4, 10-14 ) 7, 17 November 2016 General Comments General and Common Weaknesses Weak in calculations Unable to give the appropriate units for numerical answers
More informationCELL GROWTH AND DIVISION. Chapter 10
CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION Chapter 10 Cell division = The formation of 2 daughter cells from a single parent cell Increases ratio of surface area to volume for each cell Allows for more efficient exchange
More informationMEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU
MEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU Meiosis is a special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes such as animals, plants and fungi The number of sets of chromosomes
More informationSexual Reproduction ( Cell Division ) - Chromosome # s
Sexual Reproduction ( Cell Division ) - Chromosome # s somatic cells: all the cells in the body except for specialized sex cells each somatic cell has a specific # of chromosomes - ( humans have 46, 23
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Single parent produces offspring All offspring are genetically identical to one another and to parent Produces identical somatic (body) cells Sexual
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION VOCABULARY- CHAPTER 8 (33 words)
CELL REPRODUCTION- CHAPTER 8 CELL REPRODUCTION VOCABULARY- CHAPTER 8 (33 words) 1. Chromosome 2. histone 3. chromatid 4. Centromere 5. chromatin 6. autosome 7. Sex chromosome 8. homologous chromosome 9.
More informationCell Reproduction Review
Name Date Period Cell Reproduction Review Explain what is occurring in each part of the cell cycle --- G 0, G1, S, G2, and M. 1 CELL DIVISION Label all parts of each cell in the cell cycle and explain
More information原子模型 Atomic Model 有了正確的原子模型, 才會發明了雷射
原子模型 Atomic Model 有了正確的原子模型, 才會發明了雷射 原子結構中的電子是如何被發現的? ( 1856 1940 ) 可以參考美國物理學會 ( American Institute of Physics ) 網站 For in-depth information, check out the American Institute of Physics' History Center
More informationMitosis and Meiosis for AP Biology
Mitosis and Meiosis for AP Biology by Mark Anestis Practice problems for these concepts can be found at : Cell Division Review Questions for AP Biology Mitosis During mitosis, the fourth stage of the cell
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11. Reproduction Section 1
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11 Reproduction Section 1 Reproduction Key Idea: An individual formed by asexual reproduction is genetically identical to its parent. Asexual Reproduction In asexual
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION. Unit 20 LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Unit 20 CELL REPRODUCTION LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1. Be able to distinguish the differences between mitotic and meiotic cell division. 2. Learn the role that both mitotic and meiotic types of cell division
More informationTopic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome
Topic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13 The Eukaryotic Genome pp. 244-245,268-269 Genome All of the genes in a cell. Eukaryotic cells contain their DNA in long linear pieces. In prokaryotic cells, there is
More informationMeiosis. Section 8-3
Meiosis Section 8-3 Meiosis process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in new cells to half the number in the original cell For example, in humans, meiosis produces haploid reproductive
More informationHuman biology Laboratory. Cell division. Lecturer Maysam A Mezher
Human biology Laboratory Cell division Lecturer Maysam A Mezher CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE 1. During nuclear division, the DNA (as chromatin) in a Eukaryotic cell's nucleus is coiled into very tight compact
More informationThe Cellular Basis of Inheritance
CHAPTER 9 The Cellular Basis of Inheritance Summary of Key Concepts Concept 9.1 All cells come from cells. (pp. 180 181) Cell reproduction is an important process. Three functions of cell reproduction
More informationKEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions.
5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. 5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle Why must cells divide? Growth and Repair -
More informationBell Ringer 02/02/15. Match the stages of mitosis to their descriptions and pictures.
Match the stages of mitosis to their descriptions and pictures. 1. Nuclear membrane disappears and chromosomes condense 2. Nuclear membrane reappears and cells begin to fully separate Bell Ringer 02/02/15
More informationAdvanced Engineering Mathematics 長榮大學科工系 105 級
工程數學 Advanced Engineering Mathematics 長榮大學科工系 5 級 姓名 : 學號 : 工程數學 I 目錄 Part I: Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE / 常微分方程式 ) Chapter First-Order Differential Equations ( 一階 ODE) 3 Chapter Second-Order
More informationCell Reproduction Mitosis & Meiosis
Cell Reproduction Mitosis & Meiosis Outcomes 1. Describe mitosis in detail (460-465) interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis (the cell cycle) explain the importance of maintaining chromosome number through
More informationFor a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis. Genetics Terminology: Homologous chromosomes
For a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis Genetics Terminology: Autosomes Somatic cell Gamete Karyotype Homologous chromosomes Meiosis Sex chromosomes Diploid Haploid Zygote Synapsis
More informationChapter 11 - Concept Mapping
Chapter 11 - Concept Mapping Using the terms and phrases provided below, complete the concept map showing the process of meiosis. chromatids crossing-over haploid sperm and ovum homologous chromosomes
More informationMeiosis. The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the regular number of chromosomes, are produced.
MEIOSIS Meiosis The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the regular number of chromosomes, are produced. diploid (2n) haploid (n) (complete set of chromosomes) (half the regular number of
More informationGenetics word list. the molecule which contains genes. This will be looked at in more detail. it is shaped in a double helix (spiral)
Genetics word list DNA the molecule which contains genes. This will be looked at in more detail. it is shaped in a double helix (spiral) Chromosomes X-shaped objects found in the nucleus of a cell. The
More information11-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Chapter 10. Halving the Chromosome Number. Homologous Pairs
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 10 Outline Reduction in Chromosome Number Homologous Pairs Meiosis Overview Genetic Recombination Crossing-Over Independent Assortment Fertilization Meiosis I Meiosis
More informationCHAPTER 3 VOCABULARY (for now)
3.1 Meiosis CHAPTER 3 VOCABULARY (for now) VOCABULARY WORD VOCABULARY WORD diploid number Independent assortment haploid number gametes homologous chromosomes zygote genetic diversity Crossing over Sexual
More informationLesson Overview Meiosis
11.4 THINK ABOUT IT As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. They expected genes to be carried on structures inside the cell, but which structures?
More informationTHE CELL CYCLE & MITOSIS. Asexual Reproduction: Production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent.
THE CELL CYCLE & MITOSIS Asexual Reproduction: Production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent. Sexual Reproduction: The fusion of two separate parent cells that produce offspring with
More informationChapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Chapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual S Section 1: S Gamete: Haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote. S Zygote: The cell that results from the fusion of gametes
More informationCell Division: the process of copying and dividing entire cells The cell grows, prepares for division, and then divides to form new daughter cells.
Mitosis & Meiosis SC.912.L.16.17 Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation. 1. Students will describe
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION NOTES
CELL REPRODUCTION NOTES CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION The adult human body produces roughly cells every day. WHY DO CELLS REPRODUCE? So that the organism can and As multicellular organisms grow larger, its
More informationMEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION PART I: MEIOSIS
MEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION Meiosis involves two successive nuclear divisions that produce four haploid cells. Meiosis I is the reduction division. It is this first division that reduces the chromosome number
More informationReproduction & Cell Types
Reproduction & Cell Types TYPES OF REPRODUCTION Asexual Relies on MITOSIS All of the parent s DNA goes to the offspring Sexual Relies on MEIOSIS Used to create sex cells TYPES OF CELLS Body Cells Includes
More informationLAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
LAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS Name: Date: INTRODUCTION BINARY FISSION: Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) reproduce asexually by binary fission. Bacterial cells have a single circular chromosome,
More informationAnaphase, Telophase. Animal cells divide their cytoplasm by forming? Cleavage furrow. Bacteria, Paramecium, Amoeba, etc. reproduce by...
The 4 phases of mitosis Animal cells divide their cytoplasm by forming? Bacteria, Paramecium, Amoeba, etc. reproduce by... Cell which after division is identical to the original is called a Prophase, Metaphase,
More informationtan θ(t) = 5 [3 points] And, we are given that d [1 points] Therefore, the velocity of the plane is dx [4 points] (km/min.) [2 points] (The other way)
1051 微甲 06-10 班期中考解答和評分標準 1. (10%) A plane flies horizontally at an altitude of 5 km and passes directly over a tracking telescope on the ground. When the angle of elevation is π/3, this angle is decreasing
More informationUnit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle
Name Date Class Mrs. Knight Biology EHS Unit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle 1. What are the four main stages of the cell cycle (correct order)? A. G 1, S, G 0, M C. G 2, S, G 1, M B. G 1, S, G 2, M D. M, G 2,
More information9-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35
9-4 Meiosis 11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 11-4 Meiosis Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that
More informationChapter 1 Linear Regression with One Predictor Variable
Chapter 1 Linear Regression with One Predictor Variable 許湘伶 Applied Linear Regression Models (Kutner, Nachtsheim, Neter, Li) hsuhl (NUK) LR Chap 1 1 / 52 迴歸分析 Regression analysis is a statistical methodology
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Chapter 9
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 9 9.1 Genes and Alleles Genes Sequences of DNA that encode heritable traits Alleles Slightly different forms of the same gene Each specifies a different version
More informationMeiosis produces haploid gametes.
Section 1: produces haploid gametes. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions How does the reduction in chromosome number occur during meiosis? What are the stages of
More informationWhat is Mitosis? What is the purpose of Mitosis? Growth Repair Asexual reproduction What is the ultimate result of Mitosis?
Sexual Reproduction What is Mitosis? What is the purpose of Mitosis? Growth Repair Asexual reproduction What is the ultimate result of Mitosis? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fyfdfdrymq Somatic cells
More informationMeiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II
Meiosis A process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes to form gametes, or sex cells Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and
More informationAlmost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes
Almost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes (2n), when they combine during fertilization, how many chromosomes
More informationMECHANICS OF MATERIALS
CHAPTER 2 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Ferdinand P. Beer E. Russell Johnston, Jr. John T. DeWolf David F. Mazurek Lecture Notes: J. Walt Oler Texas Tech University Stress and Strain Axial Loading 2.1 An Introduction
More informationCh2. Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Ch2. Atoms, Molecules and Ions The structure of matter includes: (1)Atoms: Composed of electrons, protons and neutrons.(2.2) (2)Molecules: Two or more atoms may combine with one another to form an uncharged
More informationSEXUAL REPRODUCTION MEIOSIS SPERMATOGENESIS & OOGENESIS 2/6/2011. Asexual Reproduction:
Asexual Reproduction: SEXUAL REPRODUCTON & MEOSS Many single-celled organisms reproduce by splitting, budding, parthenogenesis. Some multicellular organisms can reproduce asexually, produce clones (offspring
More informationCandidates Performance in Paper I (Q1-4, )
HKDSE 2018 Candidates Performance in Paper I (Q1-4, 10-14 ) 8, 9 November 2018 General and Common Weaknesses Weak in calculations Weak in conversion of units in calculations (e.g. cm 3 to dm 3 ) Weak in
More informationBiology. Chapter 12. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015
Biology Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr Chapter 12 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction 12.1 Why Sex? In asexual reproduction, a single individual gives rise to offspring that are identical to
More informationMeiosis. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Meiosis Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Sexual reproduction requires fertilization, a union of two cells from two individual organisms. If those two cells each contain one set of chromosomes, then the resulting cell
More informationCh. 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
Introduction Ch. 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles 2004-05 Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. -Offspring resemble their parents more than they do less closely
More information5.3 Reproduction and Meiosis
5.3 Reproduction and Meiosis Lesson Objectives Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction. Give an overview of sexual reproduction, and outline the phases of meiosis. Explain why sexual reproduction
More information基因演算法 學習速成 南台科技大學電機系趙春棠講解
基因演算法 學習速成 南台科技大學電機系趙春棠講解 % 以下程式作者 : 清大張智星教授, 摘自 Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing, J.-S. R. Jang, C.-T. Sun, and E. Mizutani 讀者可自張教授網站下載該書籍中的所有 Matlab 程式 % 主程式 : go_ga.m % 這是書中的一個範例, 了解每一個程式指令後, 大概就對 基因演算法,
More informationGENERAL SAFETY: Follow your teacher s directions. Do not work in the laboratory without your teacher s supervision.
Name: Bio AP Lab: Cell Division B: Mitosis & Meiosis (Modified from AP Biology Investigative Labs) BACKGROUND: One of the characteristics of living things is the ability to replicate and pass on genetic
More informationOverview. Overview: Variations on a Theme. Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes. Inheritance of Genes
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview I. Cell Types II. Meiosis I. Meiosis I II. Meiosis II III. Genetic Variation IV. Reproduction Overview: Variations on a Theme Figure 13.1 Living organisms
More informationMitosis & Meiosis. PPT Questions. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete copy of the original cell s DNA?
1. From where do new cells arise? Mitosis & Meiosis PPT Questions 2. Why does the body constantly make new cells? 3. Is cell division the same in all cells? Explain. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete
More informationChapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction. What is Cellular Reproduction?
Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction What is Cellular Reproduction? Answer: The division of a parent cell into two daughter cells Requirements of Each Daughter Cell: 1) Necessary genomic
More informationMEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION PART I: SIMULATION OF MEIOSIS EVOLUTION. Activity #9
AP BIOLOGY EVOLUTION Unit 1 Part 7 Chapter 13 Activity #9 NAME DATE PERIOD MEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION Meiosis involves two successive nuclear divisions that produce four haploid cells. Meiosis I is the reduction
More informationUnit 2: Cellular Chemistry, Structure, and Physiology Module 5: Cellular Reproduction
Unit 2: Cellular Chemistry, Structure, and Physiology Module 5: Cellular Reproduction NC Essential Standard: 1.2.2 Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis
More informationgametes Gametes somatic cells diploid (2n) haploid (n)
Overview of Meiosis Meiosis is a form of cell division that leads to the production of gametes. Gametes: egg cells and sperm cells (reproductive) -contain half the number of chromosomes of an adult body
More informationBIOLOGY CLASS 10 Chapter 2 Cell cycle, cell division and structure of chromosomes
BIOLOGY CLASS 10 Chapter 2 Cell cycle, cell division and structure of chromosomes 1) Cell division is an important process in all living things. State any four reasons to support your answer. New cells
More information11-4 Meiosis Chromosome Number Slide 1 of 35
Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with just one set. Chromosome
More informationWhat is a sex cell? How are sex cells made? How does meiosis help explain Mendel s results?
CHAPTER 6 3 Meiosis SECTION Heredity BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a sex cell? How are sex cells made? How does meiosis help explain
More informationChapter 8 Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida
Chapter 8 The Continuity of Life: How Cells Reproduce Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 8.1 Why Do Cells Divide? Cells reproduce by cell division.
More information邏輯設計 Hw#6 請於 6/13( 五 ) 下課前繳交
邏輯設計 Hw#6 請於 6/3( 五 ) 下課前繳交 . A sequential circuit with two D flip-flops A and B, two inputs X and Y, and one output Z is specified by the following input equations: D A = X A + XY D B = X A + XB Z = XB
More informationSexual Cell Reproduction Chapter 17
Sexual Cell Reproduction Chapter 17 1 The Importance of Meiosis Meiosis is a two stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. Meiosis is the process by which
More information雷射原理. The Principle of Laser. 授課教授 : 林彥勝博士 Contents
雷射原理 The Principle of Laser 授課教授 : 林彥勝博士 E-mail: yslin@mail.isu.edu.tw Contents Energy Level( 能階 ) Spontaneous Emission( 自發輻射 ) Stimulated Emission( 受激發射 ) Population Inversion( 居量反轉 ) Active Medium( 活性介質
More informationChapter 6: Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Gamete Production Lecture Guide
Chromosomes and Meiosis Specialized cells in the body Chromosomes 2 types: Chapter 6: Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Gamete Production Lecture Guide (body cells) Makes up your DNA in your body cells passed
More informationBellwork. Many organisms reproduce via asexual and sexual reproduction. How would we look if we reproduced mitotically?
Bellwork Many organisms reproduce via asexual and sexual reproduction. How would we look if we reproduced mitotically? SC.912.L.16.17 Meiosis Functions in Sexual Reproduction Other Standards Addressed:
More informationHonors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis
Honors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis 1. In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? a. 64 b. 32 c. 16 d. 8 e. 4 2. Chromatids that are
More informationIntitial Question: How can the mathematically impossible become the biologically possiblenamely,
Intitial Question: How can the mathematically impossible become the biologically possiblenamely, a cell with 46 chromosomes splits to form tow cells each with 46 chromosomes/ This means 46 divided by 2
More informationAgenda. 1. Lesson Learning Goals 2. Meiosis 3. Meiosis Bingo
Meiosis SBI 3U Agenda 1. Lesson Learning Goals 2. Meiosis 3. Meiosis Bingo Learning Goals By the end of today s lesson, you will be able: To use proper vocabulary related to this unit, including meiosis,
More informationMEIOSIS. Making gametes
MEIOSIS http://waynesword.palomar.edu/lmexer2a.htm Making gametes Remember from Chapter 1: CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS ALL LIVING THINGS REPRODUCE Planaria animation: http://www.t3.rim.or.jp/~hylas/planaria/title.htm
More information