GIS. 77 WetSpa. GIS GIS.

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1 GIS 39 Vol.4, No., Spring 0 GIS Iranian Remote Sensing & GIS -8 ( : ) GIS WetSpa * GIS.. GIS.3.4 GIS.5 390/4/0 : 390/3/ :. (GIS) (RS). GIS WetSpa. WetSpa.. GIS WetSpa WetSpa.. (NS)...GIS WetSpa : Bagher.Bayat@gmail.com GIS : *

2 » «).(385 GIS. GIS.... WetSpa (996) (000).. Water and Energy Transfer Between Soil, Plants and Atmosphere - ( )....(389 ). ( ). ( ).. GIS 39

3 GIS WetSpa (006).. WetSpa (006). WetSpa GIS (009). 3. WetSpa %80 %79 % WetSpa WetSpa (997) GIS.. (00). GIS WetSpa 6.. (003). 30 (004). WetSpa 996. GIS ) 8 ( GIS 39 3

4 WetSpa :. -- : (. (009b) (00). WetSpa. ) 30 ( WetSpa 380 GIS.. GIS 39 4

5 GIS WetSpa 5 ( ) (.. (SRTM ) (. :5000 (. (. (. (. : : : : m High : 744 Low : : : : Supervised Classification. Shuttle Radar Topography Mission GIS 39 5

6 ( ).4 GIS 39 6

7 GIS WetSpa : () () D P I S E F R t L3 L 3 DL tt I Ia Da LT P LT E LT S LT R LT. F LT.( ) a V C(P I)( / S ) () C S.. Wetspa --3- WetSpa ( WetSpa (000) 996 (009) (003).. 4 (Liu et al. 004) :. WetSpa WetSpa.5 GIS 39 7

8 U(t) Q(t) V. (. (378 ).. ( ).... ).(378 ).....(3 ) (3) Q Q Q d C t X X t Q C X. (4) : (4) (t t ) U(t) exp t t / t 3 t3 U(t) t.. : ( ) (5) t Q(t) A V( )U(T )d d z A (5) GIS 39 8

9 GIS WetSpa.(6 ).(Nash and Sutcliffe, 970) NS N i N i Qs Qo i i i Qo Qo (6) --5- (NSL) (0 ). Nash and Sutcliffe, ).(970 N ln Qsi ln Qoi (7) i NSL N ln Qoi ln Qo i (NSH). ().(8 ).(Nash and Sutcliffe, 970) N Qoi QoQsi Qoi i (8) NSH N Qoi Qo Qoi Qo i Qo i Qs i Qo (m 3 / s)i. N. Nash Sutcliffe coefficient. Nash Sutcliffe coefficient for low flow 3. Nash Sutcliffe coefficient for high flow (.. (387) ) (. -4- WetSpa. 60 ( ) GIS. ( 30 ) 003 ) 3. WetSpa ( ( ). () WetSpa -5-. (NS) --5- (970) NS GIS 39 9

10 ( ).. ) (6 ) ( : : (378 ) (378 ) 9. GIS 39 0

11 GIS WetSpa () () 7033 ( ) 5 ( 65 ) 8 44 ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 ( -0) 8 ( ) 45 ( ) ( ) 4 ( 5-) 9 ( ) 7 59 ( ) ( ) 4 ( 5-) 9 ( ) 6 58 ( ) ( ) 3 ( 5-) 0 ( ) 3 74 ( ) ( ) 3 ( -0) 9 ( ) 8 70 ( ) () GIS 39

12 : : 005/3/0 mm : 005/3/0 mm : 005/3/0 mm /3/0 ( ( ( /3/0 9 ( ). (9 ) WetSpa. GIS 39

13 GIS WetSpa ( ) WetSpa --3 ( ) /77 0/48 0/86 0/8 0/58 0/88 NS NSL NSH GIS 39 3

14 ). ( ( ) ( ) 95 ). (. 55 (00 ). (005) (006) (007). (009) (006) (00). WetSpa. ) -3-3 ( GIS 39 4

15 GIS WetSpa » ( ). WetSpa.. 0. GIS 39 5

16 .. WetSpa. -5 Ashour, R.A., 000, Description of a Simplified GIS-based Surface Water Model for an Arid Catchment in Jordan, In: Proceeding of the 000 ESRI user Conference, ESRI, San Diego, USA. Amini Faskhudi, M., 006, Assessment Decision Models Using Fuzzy Programming Prioritized Group Model, Esfahan University Journal. Bahremand A., 006, Simulating the Effects of Reforestation on Floods Using Spatially Distributed Hydrologic Modeling and GIS, Ph.D. thesis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.. «GIS WetSpa WetSpa. WetSpa. GIS. WetSpa.. GIS 39 6

17 GIS WetSpa Batelaan, O., Wang, Z.M. & De Smedt, F., 996, An Adaptive GIS Toolbox for Hydrological Modelling, 3-9, eds. Kovar, K. & Nachtnebel, H.P., Application of geographic information systems in hydrology and water resources management, IAHS Publ. Bahremand, A., De Smedt, F., Corluy, J., Liu, Y.B., Poorova, J., Velcicka, L. and Kunikova, E., 007, WetSpa Model Application for Assessing Reforestation Impacts on Floods in Margecany Hornad Watershed, Slovakia,Water Resource Management,, Bayat, B., 00, Simulation of Daily Stream Flow and the Effects of Land Use Changes Using WetSpa Model in GIS (Case Study: Merek Watershed, Kermanshah Province), M.Sc. Thesis, Shahid Beheshti University, RS & GIS Department. De Smedt, F., Liu, Y.B. & Gebremeskel, S., 000, Hydrological Modelling on a Catchment Scale Using GIS and Remote Sensed Land Use Information, ed. Brebbia, C.A., , Risk Analyses II, WIT press, Southampton, Boston. Farajzade, M., Karami, T., 004, Land Use Planning Using RS and GIS, Journal of Geographical Research, Tehran University. Gebremeskel, S., Liu Y.B., De Smedt, F., 00, GIS Based Distributed Modeling for Flood Estimation, Proceeding of the Twenty_Second Annual American Geophysical Union Hydrology Days, Jansen, Hans G.P., Bas A.M. Bouman, Johan Bouman, Roberta. Schipper, Huib Hengsdijk, and Aandere Nieuwenhuyse, 000, On Tools for Land Use Analysis, Paper for the mini-symposium "Integrating approaches for natural resource management and policy analyses," XXIV International conference of Agricultural Economists, Berlin, August, 3-9. Kumar Shrestha, N., Neale, CH., Maidment, D., 007, Simulation of Stream Runoff Using WetSpa Model, GIS in Water Resources Conference, Utah State University. Liu, Y.B., De Smedt, F., Hoffmann L., Pfister L., 004, Assessing Land Use Impacts on Flood Processes in Complex Terrain by Using GIS and Modeling Approach, Luxembourg, Environmental Modeling and Assessment, 9: Liu, Y.B., De Smedt, F., 004, WetSpa Extension, A GIS-based Hydrologic Model for Flood Prediction and Watershed Management Documentation and User Manual, Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan, 050 Brussel, Belgium. Liu, Y.B., Gebremeskel, S., De Smedt, F., Pfister L., 003, A Diffusive Transport Approach for Flow Routing in GIS-based Flood Modeling, Journal of Hydrology, 83, Matkan, A.A., Zeinivand, H., Bayat, B., Mirbagheri, B,. Ghafouri, A.M., 00, Investigating the Capabilities, Advantages GIS 39 7

18 and Restrictions of Spatial-distributed Hydrologic Models in Iran, The First International Conference on Soil, Water and Plant Modeling, Kerman University. Makhdum, M., 008, Land Use Planning Foundation, Tehran University Publications. Nash, J.E. and Sutcliffe, J.V., 970, River Flow Forecasting though Conceptual Models, Part -A Discussion of Principles, Journal of hydrology, 0: Nurmohamad, R., Naipal, S., De Smedt, F., 006, Hydrologic Modeling of the Upper Suriname River basin Using WetSpa and Arcview GIS, Journal of Spatial Hydrology, Vol. 6, No., Spring 006. Perera, A. and Thillanadarajan V., 99, GIS for Land Use Planning, Asia Pacific Remote Sensing, No.. and Sediment Yield: Some Method of Measurement and Modeling, GEO-Book, Norwich, England, Zeinivand H., and De Smedt, F. 009, Prediction of Snowmelt Floods with a Distributed Hydrological Model Using a Physical Snow Mass and Energy Balance Approach, Natural Hazards Journal, DOI 0, 007/s Zeinivand H., 009, Development of Spatially Distributed Hydrological WetSpa Modules for Snowmelt, Soil Erosion, and Sediment Transport, Ph.D. Thesis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. Zeinivand, H., 00, Simulation of Spatial Distribution of Soil Erosion and Sediment on Watershed Scale, Sixth National Conference on Watershed Management Science and Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University. Safari, A., De Smedt, F., and Moreda, F., 009, WetSpa Model Application in the Distributed Model Intercomparison Project (DMIP), Journal of Hydrology. Wang, Z.M., Batelaan, O. & De Smedt, F., 997, A Distributed Model for Water and Energy Transfer Between Soil, Plants and Atmosphere (WetSpa), Phys. Chem. Earth, (3), Walling, D.E. and Hadely, R.F., 984, Dissolved load and Their Measurement in Erosion GIS 39 8

Parameterization using ArcView GIS in medium and large watershed modelling

50 GIS and Remote Sensing in Hydrology, Water Resources and Environment (Proceedings of ICGRHWE held at the Three Gorges Dam, China, September 2003). IAHS Publ. 289, 2004 Parameterization using ArcView