Management of recreational waters in relationship with harmful microalgae blooms (HAB) in the Mediterranean Sea

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1 EVK WORKSHOP Management of recreational waters in relationship with harmful microalgae blooms (HAB) in the Mediterranean Sea 25 26th October 2004 Hotel Don Antonio, Peguera- Calvià, Mallorca

2 Harmful Algae Monitoring Programme in Greek coastal waters Aligizaki Katerina Biologist, PhD Student Laboratory of Marine Toxic Microalgae Department of Botany, School of Biology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Scientific Responsible: Dr. Nikolaidis G., Ass. Professor of Hydrobotany Management of recreational waters in relationship with harmful microalgae blooms (HAB) in the Mediterranean Sea Workshop of STRATEGY project, October 2004 Calvià (Mallorca)

3 Fishing and farming areas of bivalve mollusks in Greek coastal waters 9 mussel (M. galloprovincialis) culture and bivalve mollusks fishing areas Fishing bivalve species Venus verrucosa Modiolus barbatus Flexopecten glaber, F. proteus Callista chione 35,000-45,000tn => millions Thermaikos Gulf 85-90% of total annual mussel production

4 Greek National Monitoring Programme on Marine Biotoxins full operation since 1999 according to National and European legislation Ministry of Rural Development and Food NRL on Marine Biotoxins Laboratory of Marine Toxic Microalgae Toxicity Analyses in bivalve tissues Local Authorities Veterinarian & Fisheries Directions Microalgae Monitoring Decision

5 Harmful Microalgae Monitoring 4 sampling stations 42 sampling stations Sampling on a weekly basis Integrated water samples Net samples 18 sampling stations 4 sampling stations 5 sampling stations 1 sampling station Potentially toxic microalgae, physico-chemical parameters 2 sampling stations Results announcement within 1-2 days 3 sampling stations 2 sampling stations 2 sampling stations

6 Harmful Microalgae in Greek Coastal Waters Water Discoloration - Red tides Noctiluca spp. Mesodinium rubrum Prorocentrum spp. Erythropsidinium sp. Since 1983 Blooms of toxic/potentially toxic microalgae

7 Noctiluca blooms in Thessaloniki Bay (Thermaikos Gulf) Time: every late winter-early spring Abundance: up to 2.2x10 6 cells/l Duration: 1-4 weeks

8 Harmful Microalgae in Greek Coastal Waters Water Discoloration - Red tides Noctiluca spp. Mesodinium rubrum Prorocentrum spp. Erythropsidinium sp. Since 1983 Blooms of toxic/potentially toxic microalgae Planktic Dinophysis spp. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Alexandrium spp. Since 1999 DSP species PSP species ASP species Alertness limits 200 cells/l < cells/l < ,000 cells/l <200,000 Restriction limits ,000

9 Dinophysis species in Greek coastal waters 11 Dinophysis species were recorded Amvrakikos Gulf Thermaikos Gulf D. caudata + D. rotundata 1,000 cells/l Maliakos Gulf D. cf. acuminata first DSP record in Greece on winter 2000 maximum abundance 610,000 cells/l in February 2004 periodical blooms every winter-spring since 2000 D. sacculus 3,000 cells/l

10 Spatio-temporal temporal distribution of D. cf. acuminata in Thermaikos Gulf during the period January June cells/l cells/l cells/l 0 cells/l

11 Non Toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. blooms in Thermaikos Gulf Abundance up to 1.8x10 6 cells/l usually on February-March and June-July Non Toxic Alexandrium insuetum blooms in Amvrakikos Gulf Records: April-June 2003 January-May 2004 max. abundance 26x10 6 cells/l in May 2003

12 Harmful Microalgae in Greek Coastal Waters Water Discoloration - Red tides Noctiluca spp. Mesodinium rubrum Prorocentrum spp. Erythropsidinium sp. Blooms of toxic/potentially toxic microalgae Since 1983 Planktic Dinophysis spp. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (?) Alexandrium spp.(?) Since 1999 Benthic Ostreopsis spp. Prorocentrum spp. Coolia spp. Since 2003

13 Toxic Benthic Dinoflagellates in Greek Coastal Waters Prorocentrum lima species complex Ostreopsis sp. Coolia monotis Amphidinium sp. Today: The benthic dinoflagellate assemblage comprising species of the genera Ostreopsis, Prorocentrum, Coolia and Amphidinium along N. Aegean coasts reaching high abundances epiphytically on macroalgae (e.g. Ostreopsis sp. 164x10 3 cells/gr wwa)

14 Harmful Algae Monitoring Programme in Greek coastal waters In touristic areas This potentially toxic benthic assemblage occurs no consequence in swimmers has been reported In mollusks production areas DSP & Palytoxin positive results

15 Further Actions of the Laboratory of Marine Toxic Microalgae HELlenic Culture Collection of Aristotle University of THessaloniki (HELCC AUTH: 30 species-87 strains) Data Base since December 2003

16 Future Targets Acquaintance of the producers with the problem Seminars Informative leaflet Active role of the producers to the monitoring programme Improvement of the system Website Immediate results to the end-users

17 On behalf of. The Laboratory of Marine Toxic Microalgae Scientific Responsible: Dr. Nikolaidis G., Ass. Professor of Hydrobotany Dr. Konstantinos Koukaras: Biologist Katerina Aligizaki: Biologist, PhD student Anastasia Tsirika: Biologist, PhD student Andriani Heracleous: Biologist, MSc student Eleni Kalopesa: Agroculturist, MSc student Kimonas Moschandreou: Biologist, MSc student Apostolis Mandoudis: Biology student Eleutheria Tsolaki: Biology student Thank you!