OSSE OSE activities with Multivariate Ocean VariationalEstimation (MOVE)System. II:Impacts ofsalinity and TAO/TRITON.
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1 G ODAE/O O P O SSE O SE m eeting,nov.5 7th,2007 in IO,Paris OSSE OSE activities with Multivariate Ocean VariationalEstimation (MOVE)System. II:Impacts ofsalinity and TAO/TRITON. S.Matsumoto,Y.Fujii,T.Soga,T.Yasuda,S.Ishizaki,N.Usui,and M. Kamachi (MOVE/MRI.OM group) Japan MeteorologicalAgency (JMA)/ MeteorologicalResearch Institute (MRI) Outline 2. Ocean data assimilation system in MRI 3. Impact of salinity 4. Impact of Argo 5. Impact of TAO/TRITON 6. Summary
2 1. Ocean data assimilation system in MRI
3 MOVE System MOVE/MRI.OM Multivariate Ocean VariationalEstimation (MOVE)System Ocean Data Assimilation System in MRI/JMA. Model TS fields are corrected by IAU. Variational Q Scheme for avoiding density inversion
4 Kuroshio Prediction with MOVE-WNP The current Kuroshio prediction system in JMA (OMPASS-K) will be replaced with MOVE-WNP next April. Prediction of Kuroshio meandering in 2004 Real state (assimilation) Growth of SSH RMSE in prediction south of Japan Prediction Mean SSHvariability south of Japan (15.3cm)
5 ENSO Forecast with MOVE-G AThe of 10ENSO member ensemble forecast 10 forecasting NINO3.4A NINO3.4A(Saha system in JMA will benep replaced next April. et al MOVE-G provides initial state of the Ocean for the coupled model in the next system. SST Anomaly Initial: 1997/03/02 Real Forecast The NINO3.4 forecast score is similar to the system of NEP
6 2. Impact of salinity
7 Experimental onfiguration Purpose MOVE system corrects model salinity field using temperature and SSH observation as well as salinity observation through oupled T-S EOF. The purpose is evaluating the impact of the salinity correction. Experiment TL: Standard result the MOVE system. NOS: Assimilation run without the correction of the model salinity field. (All other conditions are the same as TL.) The both experimental runs are performed using MOVE-G and MOVE-NP.
8 Impact to the near-surface T at the Eq. Pac. TL Difference (TL NOS) of Heat content in the water warmer than 28 (cal/cm2) at the equator. PSU NOS PSU T (contour) and S (color) in the vertical section in the Eq. Pac. in Sep Salinity affects (through density) temperature!
9 Impact on the subarctic gyre (MOVE-NP) mean acceleration potential on 26.5σθ surface TL NOS The subarctic circulation (Oyashio current) is intensified in the run with salinity correction (TL).
10 3. Impact of Argo
11 Impacts on 0-300m averaged T (OH) in MOVE-G ALL - NoArgo ALL 2001 Assimilation result with Argo float NoArgo Assimilation result without Argo floats As floats increases, the difference between the two cases becomes larger. Differences are relatively small in the equatorial Pacific, probably due to existence of TAO/TRITON buoys. Differences are larger in the Indian Ocean, where other data are very sparse.
12 Time series of 0-300/0-700 averaged T in MOVE-G Tropical Pacific (10S-10N, 120E-80W) 0-300m 18.8 Indian Ocean (50S-20N, 30E-110E) m m OH has larger difference than 300m between ALL and NOARGO. (TAO moorings observe top 500m.) NOARGO Few Argo data ALL Both 700m and 300m OH has larger difference than in Tropical Pacific. (Almost all in-situ data are Argo.) Argo data causes a data gap.
13 Impact on the Oyashio (MOVE-WNP) Assimilation result, 100mT ALL NOAA/AVHRR(12 19 ) NoArgo NOAA/AVHRR(1 19 )
14 Impact on the Kuroshio prediction Prediction (Initial: 01May2004) SSH ALL m NoArgo m Assimilation m
15 4. Impact of TAO/TRITON
16 Experimental onfiguration Purpose Evaluating the impact of TAO/TRITON after 2000 when ARGO- float observation is started. Outline ALL: Standard result of MOVE-G with TAO/TRITON. JRA25 is used for forcing data. Period: ) TAO/TRITON wind data is already included in JRA25. NTT: Assimilation run started from the result at the beginning of 2000 in the standard run without TAO/TRITON. Forecast 13-month Five-member ensemble forecasts. The initial state of an ensemble member is one of the last five days in the month. (LAF Method)
17 Forecast, Analysis, assimilation ycle in MOVE-G Past Day0 Observation Day30 Future Day20 Day10 Observation Observation 5-day Forecast Forecast 3DVAR Assimilation Assimilation Forecast 3DVAR 3DVAR Assimilation Q and generating super observation (Observation data at the same position is combined.) Hourly data of TAO/TRITON is averaged in 10 days before 3DVAR. We cannot take advantage of high time-resolution of TAO/TRITON.
18 Increase of observed profiles with ARGO floats Jan TAO/TRITON ARGO Others (XBT, TD) Jan. 2006
19 Decrease of the impact of TAO/TRITON Lon.-Time Section of 100m Temp. at the equator Impact is decreasing.
20 Temperature climatology in the equatorial Pacific Shade Anomaly (ALL-NTT), ontour NTT Increase of Argo
21 Snapshot of T differences in the Eq. 10-day mean increase the vertical gradient Deepening the thermocline 13Oct May Apr Jan.2001 The impact of assimilating TAO/TRITON is different from different times. Increase the horizontal gradient Shallowing the thermocline TAO/TRITON data is essential for reproducing accurate 25Jun.2004 variability of the thermocline. 06Jun Feb May2000
22 Salinity climatology in the equatorial Pacific Shade anomaly (ALL-NTT), ontour NTT PSU PSU Increase of ARGO
23 limatology of the barrier layer thickness Shade anomaly (ALL-NTT), ontour NTT m
24 Snapshot of the current field at 170W Zonal Obs. ALL NTT Meridional 2002/06/15-06/24
25 Examples of NINO3.4 forecasts ALL NTT ALL NTT Spread is larger with TAO/TRION (?) Solid line Ensemble mean, Dotted Line Forecast of each member Red from Oct., Blue from Jan., Green: from Apr.
26 Difference of the equatorial temp. (Ensemble mean) Initial: Oct.2001 Vertical section of ALL-NTT at the Eq. Lower thermocline: cold anomaly La Nina-like? Upper thermocline: warm anomaly west wind burst El-Nino-like?
27 Difference of the equatorial temp. (Ensemble mean) Initial: Oct.2004 Vertical section of ALL-NTT at the Eq. Lower thermocline: cold La Nina-like? Upper thermocline: warm burst (Background T is low?)
28 Non-deterministic evolution of the initial difference Initial: Z20 SST ALL-NTT Initial: SST Z20 Evolution of each members are not always the same as the ensemble mean. Impact of TAO/TRITON is not deterministic.
29 5. Summary
30 Impact of Salinity and Argo floats Impact of correcting model salinity field using observation. Improve the near-surface temperature field in the equatorial Pacific. Essential for the density and current fields in subarctic gyres. Impact of Argo floats The impact is relatively small in the equatorial Pacific because of TAO/TRITON. There is large improvement in the Indian Ocean. But Argo data causes data gap around Argo floats also affect the expression of the Kuroshio meandering and Oyashio water. (We need more experiments in order to confirm that Argo data improves the results.)
31 Impact of TAO/TRITON Impact in the data assimilation system In average, the thermocline is sharpened in the central equatorial pacific. But the effect is not always the same. (Deepening, shallowing, sharpening, etc.) TAO/TRITON is necessary for accurate reproduction of the thermocline variability. Impact in the ENSO forecast We need more ensemble members to evaluate the effect of TAO/TRITON on the forecast result. Spread becomes larger with TAO/TRITON (?) Results of OSE depends on the model, and data assimilation scheme. OSE should be performed with multi systems
32 Thank you.
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