Validation of APHRODITE Precipitation Data for Humid and Sub Humid Regions of Pakistan
|
|
- Brittney Alison Johnston
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Pkistn Journl of Meteorology Vol.9, Issue 17: July 2012 Vlidtion of APHRODITE Precipittion Dt for Humid nd Su Humid Regions of Pkistn Ali, G. 1, 2, G. Rsul 2, T. Mhmood 2, Q. Zmn 2, S. B. Cheem 2 Astrct The Asin Precipittion Highly Resolved Oserved Dt Integrtion Towrds Evlution of wter resources (APHRODITE s wter resources) dt developed for Pkistn on 0.05 degree resolution y Reserch Institute for Humnity nd Nture (RIHN) nd the Meteorologicl Reserch Institute of Jpn Meteorologicl Agency (MRI/JMA), ws nlyzed on decdl sis for the humid nd su humid regions of Pkistn. Sctter plots of oth the APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dtsets were constructed on decdl sis from 1971 to The coefficient of correltion (R 2 ) vlues vry from very poor (e.g for Kotli, ) to very good (e.g for Astore, ) for different sttions in vrious decdes. Monthly totls of oth the dtsets were verged on decdl ses nd sctter plots were gin constructed. In this cse the correltion coefficient (R 2 ) results re fr etter thn those determined for dily precipittion dtsets. The very poor correltion results in cse of dily precipittion dtsets for Islmd nd Kotli re more thn 98% in cse of men monthly nlysis. Bises etween the two precipittion dtsets were lso clculted for every sttion in the region. This nlysis shows tht the APHRODITE dt underestimtes the oserved dt for most of the sttions in those months in which hevy rinfll occurs. This is reches up to mximum of 271mm for Muzffrd in the month of July. The is is less where the rinfll mount is smll. A slight overestimtion of APHRODITE precipittion dt hs lso een recorded for some sttions. The mximum overestimtion of APHRODITE precipittion dt (out 40mm) ws oserved for Islmd in the month of Mrch for the decde Keywords: APHRODITE, Precipittion, Climtic Zones, Interpoltion. Introduction The world APHRODITE stnds for Asin Precipittion Highly Resolved Oservtionl Dt Integrtion Towrds Evlution of Wter Resources (APHRODITE's Wter Resources). The APHRODITE project develops stte-of-the-rt dily precipittion dtsets with high resolution (0.5 nd 0.25 ) grids for Asi. APHRODITE's Wter Resources project hs een executed y the Reserch Institute for Humnity nd Nture (RIHN) nd the Meteorologicl Reserch Institute of Jpn Meteorologicl Agency (MRI/JMA) since The dtsets re creted primrily with dt otined from in-situ rin-guge-oservtion network. The quntittive estimtion of precipittion nd thus the development of gridded precipittion product re crucil for mny scientific studies. Thus, mny methods of interpolting sttion dt hve een developed in the lst century, nd considerle efforts hve een mde to derive precipittion informtion from stellites over the lst two decdes. Since rin-guge-sed products hve monthly time intervl nd stellite-derived products hve short time series therefore precipittion dtsets tht were ville in the erly 2000s do not meet the demnds for vlidting high-resolution climte model outputs nd those for sttisticl downscling. Lck of rin-guge-sed dily product ws ottleneck for mny studies on the impct of climte chnge on locl environments ( scope/index.html). Long-term high-resolution dily precipittion dt re useful for evluting mesoscle models, driving river flow models, nd nlyzing temporl nd sptil vritions of precipittion fields. Oservtionl records longer thn yers enle one to investigte precipittion chnges cused y glol wrming. In ddition, gridded dt mke model evlution nd wter udget nlysis esier, when compred with point oservtion dt (Kmiguchi et l, 2010). 1 gohr.met@gmil.com 2 Pkistn Meteorologicl Deprtment 57
2 Vlidtion of APHRODITE Precipittion Dt for Humid nd Su Humid Regions of Pkistn Vol. 9 Considerle efforts hve een mde in developing gridded precipittion dtsets sed on stellite dt or stellite-sed merged nlyses (Gruer nd Levizzni 2008). However, there re incresing demnds for ccurte high resolution rin-guge-sed precipittion products over lnd for the vlidtion of simultion products of numericl models nd stellite-sed high resolution precipittion products (Turk et l. 2008). Indirect precipittion estimtes must e verified or clirted y direct oservtions, specificlly rin guge mesurements. One of the dvntges of guge oservtions is the length of the records. Hence monthly glol guge-sed precipittion dtsets developed y severl groups re widely used (New et l. 1999). Consequently, dily grid precipittion products re expected to e used to verify high-resolution climte model simultions tht include extreme events nd to drive hydrologicl models (Xie et l. 2007). To vlidte the cpility of climte model to simulte not only vrious spects of climte chnge including regionl precipittion, it is necessry to compre the model s precipittion results ginst oserved precipittion dt (Ytgi et l. 2008, ). However, no precipittion dt set with sufficiently high sptil nd temporl resolution is ville for evluting climte models for Asi, especilly, south Asi. In order to vlidte high resolution climte model, long term guge-sed high resolution dily precipittion dt set hs een developed for Pkistn s prt of APHRODITE s Wter Resources project. The primry ojectives of the APHRODITE project re to (1) relese officil stte-ofthe-rt dily gridded precipittion dt sets sed on rin-guge oservtions, (2) ssess the projections of climte models y oserving precipittion in the field, including extreme events, nd (3) to mke suggestions to regionl wter resources mngers in Asin countries. Before using this dtset it is necessry to vlidte it first y compring it with ctul precipittion dt. Therefore the min focus of the current study is on the comprison of APHRODITE dtset with oserved precipittion dt so tht one cn set the level of confidence for using the dtset for different purposes s discussed erlier. Dt nd Methodology Tle 1: R 2 Vlues etween the two dtsheets for different sttions in different decdes. Sttions Elevtion Sttion Dily Monthly Dily Monthly Dily Monthly Dily Monthly (m) Type Men Men Men Men Astore 2167 Hill Chert 1301 Hill G-Duptt 812 Hill Kkul 1308 Hill Muree 2168 Hill M-Ad 701 Hill Peshwr 359 Plne Sidu-Shrif 961 Hill Islmd 507 Plne Jhelum 231 Plne Kotli 615 Hill Blkot 980 Hill The APHRODITE precipittion dt is ville online from the site on 0.5 nd 0.25 resolutions for Asi. The dt used in this study hs een specilly developed for Pkistn on 0.05 degree resolution. Point dt hs een extrcted from this gridded dt using Grds softwre. Oserved sttion dt of dily precipittion ws otined from CDPC Krchi for different meteorologicl sttions of Pkistn for the period The APHRODITE dt is ville from 1951 to 2007, ut here only the dt from 1971 to 2007 hs een used for nlysis. The dt for the first two decdes ws dropped ecuse of very poor correltion results nd high vlue of is etween the two dtsets. This my e due to less numer of oservtories nd consequently fewer mounts of ville oserved dt in tht period of time. 58
3 Issue 17 Ali, G., G. Rsul, T. Mhmood, Q. Zmn, S. B. Cheem A comprison etween oserved nd APHRODITE dily dt ws crried out on decdl sis from 1971 to Monthly totls of oth the dtsets were verged on 10 yers sis from The correltion coefficient (R 2 ) vlues etween the two dtsets on dily s well s men monthly sis were clculted for every sttion. Tle 1 shows these vlues for the two dtsets. Results nd Discussion According to Chudhry nd Rsul (2004), Pkistn cn e clssified on gro-climtic sis in different zones such s (i) Humid (ii) Su humid (wet nd dry) (iii) Arid (iv) Su rid (wet nd dry) zones. The region locted etween 33 N nd 35 N cn e clssified into humid nd su humid regions of the country. Humid Climte The region with such type of climte hs short summer ut long nd mild with snow winter. June is the wrmest month with men temperture 20.4 C when mximum temperture my increse upto 34 C nd Jnury is the coldest month with the minimum temperture elow the freezing point. The nnul men temperture for this region is out 9 C to 17 C. The region receives oth summer nd winter rinfll with lrger contriution from the summer rinfll. The nnul men precipittion rnges from 1900mm to 2400mm (CDPC, 2005; Khn et l., 2010). Murree Murree is locted t N nd E with n elevtion of 2167m nd it flls in humid climte zone ccording to clssifiction of Chudhry nd Rsul (2004). Murree receives the highest mount of rinfll throughout the country. The correltion coefficient (R 2 ) vlues for Murree etween oserved nd APHRODITE dily dtsets shows good reltion etween the two dtsets except 0.26 for the period In cse of monthly dtsets the correltion results re even etter (0.97 to 0.99). The correltion result for the period hs risen to 0.97 in this cse. Figure 1 nd 1 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt nd Figure 2 nd 2 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Murree during different decdes. Figure 1: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt for Murree, () , ()
4 Vlidtion of APHRODITE Precipittion Dt for Humid nd Su Humid Regions of Pkistn Vol. 9 Figure 2: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Murree, () , () The is nlysis of oserved nd APHRODITE dt for Murree shows tht APHRODITE dt underestimtes the oserved dt. This underestimtion is mximum in those months in which the mount of rinfll is mximum. Figure 3 shows the difference etween APHRODITE nd oserved precipittion dt in different decdes for Murree. Figure 3: Difference of oserved nd APHRODITE precipittion dt on decdl sis for Murree. Su-Humid (Wet) Climte The region with such type of climte hs long summer nd mild with snow winter. June is the wrmest month when mximum temperture my increse ove 40 C nd Jnury is the coldest month with the minimum temperture elow the freezing point. The regions receive oth summer nd winter rinfll with lrger contriution from the summer rinfll. The nnul men precipittion rnges from 1200mm to 1800mm (CDPC, 2005; Khn et l., 2010). Exmples of these regions include Islmd, Kotli nd Muzffrd etc. Muzffrd Muzffrd is locted t N nd E with n elevtion of 701m. The climte of Muzffrd is su humid (wet) nd the nnul men mount of rinfll in this re is 1200mm to 1800mm. The 60
5 Issue 17 Ali, G., G. Rsul, T. Mhmood, Q. Zmn, S. B. Cheem correltion results etween oserved nd APHRODITE dily dt in different decdes in this re vries from 0.26 to Reltively etter correltion results (0.49 to 0.67) were otined in cse of men monthly dtsets nlysis. Figure 4 nd 4 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt nd Figure 5 nd 5 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Muzffrd during different decdes. Figure 4: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt for Muzffrd () , () Figure 5: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Muzffrd () , () The Bis nlysis shows tht APHRODITE dt strongly underestimtes the oserved dt in the months Jun Septemer. This ising crosses 200mm in the months of July in the decdes ( ) nd ( ). Due to this uneven is the correltion results re not so much promising, oth for dily nd men monthly dtsets. Figure 6 shows the difference etween APHRODITE nd oserved precipittion dt in different decdes for Muzffrd. 61
6 Vlidtion of APHRODITE Precipittion Dt for Humid nd Su Humid Regions of Pkistn Vol. 9 Figure 6: Difference of oserved nd APHRODITE precipittion dt on decdl sis for Muzffrd. Islmd Islmd is lso locted in the su humid (wet) region of the country. Islmd is locted t 33.7 N nd E with n elevtion of 543m. The correltion results etween oserved nd APHRODITE dily dtsets for Islmd re very poor (0.05 to 0.15). Strong correltion etween the two dtsets is Figure 7: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt for Islmd () , () Figure 8: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Islmd, () , ()
7 Issue 17 Ali, G., G. Rsul, T. Mhmood, Q. Zmn, S. B. Cheem oserved in cse of men monthly nlysis (0.98 to 0.99). Figure 7 nd 7 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt nd Figure 8 nd 8 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Islmd during different decdes. The is nlysis for this sttion shows tht APHRODITE dt underestimtes oserved dt in the months from June Septemer. An overestimting trend is lso shown in the months of Ferury nd Figure 9: Difference of oserved nd APHRODITE precipittion dt on decdl sis for Islmd Mrch in the decdes nd Figure 9 shows the difference etween APHRODITE nd oserved precipittion dt in different decdes for Islmd. Grhi Duptt Grhi Duptt is lso locted in the su humid region of the country. It is locted t N nd E with n elevtion of 812m. The correltion results etween oserved nd APHRODITE dily dt vries from 0.58 to 0.77 in different decdes from 1971 to Much etter results (0.87 to 0.97) were otined in cse of men monthly dtsets nlysis. Figure 10 nd 10 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt nd Figure 11 nd 11 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Grhi Duptt during different decdes. Figure 10: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt for G_Duptt () , ()
8 Vlidtion of APHRODITE Precipittion Dt for Humid nd Su Humid Regions of Pkistn Vol. 9 Figure 11: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for G_Duptt () , () The is nlysis shows tht APHRODITE dt underestimtes the oserved dt in lmost ll of the months with mximum vlues in the months of July nd August. A slight overestimtion lso exists in the period Figure 12 shows the difference etween APHRODITE nd oserved precipittion dt in different decdes for Grhi Duptt. Figure 12: Difference of oserved nd APHRODITE precipittion dt on decdl sis for Grhi Duptt. Su-Humid (Dry) Climte The region with such type of climte hs long summer nd short mild winter. My nd June re the wrmest months when mximum temperture my increse thn 45 C in some res like Peshwr nd Jnury is the coldest month with the minimum temperture elow the freezing point like in Astore. Exmples of sttions under this groclimtic zone re: Astore, Chert, Jhelum nd Peshwr. The men temperture for these sttions respectively is 10 C 20 C, 16 C 20 C, nd 22 C 24 C (for oth Jhelum nd Peshwr). The regions receive oth summer nd winter rinfll with lrger contriution from the winter rinfll which is cused y the Western Disturnce (WD). The nnul men precipittion for Astore nd Peshwr is 400mm 600mm, 600mm 800mm for Chert nd mm for Jhelum. 64
9 Issue 17 Ali, G., G. Rsul, T. Mhmood, Q. Zmn, S. B. Cheem Jhelum Jhelum is situted in the su humid (dry) region of Pkistn ccording to groclimtic clssifiction of the country. It lies t N nd E. The correltion results for different decdes in the period vry from 0.49 to 0.90 etween the two dtsets on dily sis, while in cse of men monthly dtsets nlysis these results vry from 0.99 to Fig. 13 nd 13 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt nd Fig. 14 nd 14 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Jhelum during different decdes. Figure 13: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt for Jhelum, () , () Figure 14: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Jhelum, () , () The is nlysis shows tht APHRODITE dt underestimtes oserved dt in the months hving high mount of precipittion, especilly in the months of July nd August, which corresponds to the monsoon seson in the region. The APHRODITE dt overestimtes the oserved dt in the decde Figure 15 shows the difference etween APHRODITE nd oserved precipittion dt in different decdes for Jhelum. 65
10 Vlidtion of APHRODITE Precipittion Dt for Humid nd Su Humid Regions of Pkistn Vol. 9 Figure 15: Difference of oserved nd APHRODITE precipittion dt on decdl sis for Jhelum. Astore Figure 16: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt for Astore, () , () Figure 17: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Astore, () , ()
11 Issue 17 Ali, G., G. Rsul, T. Mhmood, Q. Zmn, S. B. Cheem Astore lies t N nd 74.9 E with n elevtion of 2167m. Astore is situted in the su humid (dry) region of Pkistn ccording to Chudhry nd Rsul (2004). The correltion results for this sttion lie etween 0.79 nd 0.98 for the dily dtsets while in cse of men monthly dtsets nlysis these results lie etween 0.97 nd 0.99, showing etter correltion etween the two dtsets. Figure 16 nd 16 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt nd Figure 17 nd 17 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Astore during different decdes. The is nlysis shows tht APHRODITE dt underestimtes oserved dt in lmost ll of the months, ut this ising is not so much high. Figure 18 shows the difference etween APHRODITE nd oserved precipittion dt in different decdes for Astore. Figure 18: Difference of oserved nd APHRODITE precipittion dt on decdl sis for Astore. Peshwr Peshwr lso lies in the su humid (dry) region ccording to groclimtic clssifiction of Pkistn. Peshwr is situted t N nd E with n elevtion of 359m. The correltion results etween the two dily dtsets rnges from 0.12 to In cse of men monthly dtsets nlysis reltively etter correltion results (0.77 to 0.96) were otined. Figure 19 nd 19 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt nd Figure 20 nd 20 represent comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Peshwr during different decdes. Figure 19: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved dily precipittion dt for Peshwr, () , ()
12 Vlidtion of APHRODITE Precipittion Dt for Humid nd Su Humid Regions of Pkistn Vol. 9 Figure 20: Sctter plot for comprison etween APHRODITE nd oserved monthly precipittion dt for Peshwr ( ) The is nlysis shows tht APHRODITE dt underestimtes oserved dt in lmost ll of the months with slight overestimtion in some months s well. Figure 21 shows the difference etween APHRODITE nd oserved precipittion dt in different decdes for Peshwr. Figure 21: Difference of oserved nd APHRODITE precipittion dt on decdl sis for Peshwr. Conclusions The APHRODITE dt developed for Pkistn ws nlyzed in this study for the humid nd su humid regions of the country. For lmost ll of the sttions the APHRODITE dt underestimtes the oserved precipittion, prticulrly in those months in which the precipittion mount is high, with mximum is of 271mm for Muzffrd for the month of July in the decde A slight overestimtion of APHRODITE dt ws lso oserved for some sttions (like Islmd, Grhi Duptt, Peshwr) with mximum is of 40mm for Islmd in Mrch in the decde The correltion coefficient (R 2 ) vlues etween the two dily dtsets vries from very poor (e.g to 0.15 for Islmd) to very good (e.g to 0.99 for Astore) for different sttions in different decdes. The correltion coefficient vlues ecome much etter in cse of men monthly dtsets nlysis. Even the very poor results (for exmple Islmd) rises to very good (0.98 to 0.99) in this cse. 68
13 Issue 17 Ali, G., G. Rsul, T. Mhmood, Q. Zmn, S. B. Cheem Thus it is concluded tht oserved nd APHRODITE dtsets re strongly correlted on men monthly sis s compred to dily sis. Reference Chudhry, Q. Z. nd G. Rsul, 2004: Agro-Climtic Clssifiction of Pkistn, SCIENCE VISION Vol.9 No.1-2, Ghzl, N. nd G. Rsul, 2011: Investigtion of Rinfll Vriility for Pkistn, Pkistn Journl of Meteorology, Vol. 7, Issue 14, Gruer, A., nd V. Levizzni, 2008: Assessment of Glol Precipittion Products. WCRP Series Report No. 128 nd WMO TD-No. 1430, 55 IPCC. (2007), Climte Chnge 2007, The Physicl Science Bsis. Contriution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmentl Pnel on Climte Chnge, Cmridge University Press, Jvnmrd, S., A. Ytgi, M. I. Nodzu, J. BodghJmli nd H. Kwmoto, 2010: Compring highresolution gridded precipittion dt with stellite rinfll estimtes of TRMM 3B42 over Irn, Adv. Geosci., 25, Kmiguchi, K., O. Arkw, A. Kitoh, A. Ytgi, A. Hmd nd N. Ysutomi, 2010: Development of APHRO_JP, the first Jpnese high-resolution dily precipittion product for more thn 100 yers, Hydrologicl Reserch Letters, 4,60 64 Khn, S. U., M. F. Hssn, K. Khn, nd A. Bri, 2010: Climte Clssifiction of Pkistn,pper presented in the conference BALWOIS 2010 Ohrid, Repulic of Mcedoni, My 2010, New, M. G., M. Hulme, nd P. D. Jones, 1999: Representing twentieth century spce-time climte vriility. Prt I: Development of men monthly terrestril climtology. J.Climte, 12, Tkshim, H., A. Ytgi, H. Kwmoto, O. Arkw nd k. Kmiguchi, Hydrologicl lnce over northern Eursi from guge-sed high-resolution dily precipittion dt, Aville online t Turk, F. J., P. Arkin, E. E. Eert, nd M. R. P. Spino, 2008: Evluting high resolution precipittion products, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, Wheed Iql, 2010: Vlidtion of Regionl Climte Model Providing Regionl Climtes for Impcts Studies (PRECIS) for Different Climtes of Pkistn, MS Thesis. Xie, P., A. Ytgi, M. Chen, T. Hysk, Y. Fukushim, C. Liu nd Y. Song, 2007: A guge-sed nlysis of dily precipittion over Est Asi, J. Hydrometeor., 8, Ytgi, A. Development of dily grid precipittion dt in the Est Mediterrnen nd its ppliction for the ICCAP studies, Aville t Ytgi, A., O. Arkw, K. Kmiguchi, H. Kwmoto, M. I. Nodzu nd A. Hmd, 2009: A 44- Yer Dily Gridded Precipittion Dtset for Asi Bsed on Dense Network of Rin Guges, SOLA, Vol. 5, Ytgi, A., P. Alpert nd P. Xie, 2008: Development of dily gridded precipittion dt set for the Middle Est, Adv. Geosci., 12,
LAMEPS Limited area ensemble forecasting in Norway, using targeted EPS
Limited re ensemle forecsting in Norwy, using trgeted Mrit H. Jensen, Inger-Lise Frogner* nd Ole Vignes, Norwegin Meteorologicl Institute, (*held the presenttion) At the Norwegin Meteorologicl Institute
More informationChapter 9 Definite Integrals
Chpter 9 Definite Integrls In the previous chpter we found how to tke n ntiderivtive nd investigted the indefinite integrl. In this chpter the connection etween ntiderivtives nd definite integrls is estlished
More informationSimulated climate vegetation interaction in semi-arid regions affected by plant diversity
SULMNTARY INFORMATION DOI: 0.038/NGO96 Simulted climte vegettion interction in semi-rid regions ffected y plnt diversity M. Clussen,,*, S. Bthiny, V. Brovkin nd T. Kleinen []{Mx lnck Institute for Meteorology,
More informationADVANCEMENT OF THE CLOSELY COUPLED PROBES POTENTIAL DROP TECHNIQUE FOR NDE OF SURFACE CRACKS
ADVANCEMENT OF THE CLOSELY COUPLED PROBES POTENTIAL DROP TECHNIQUE FOR NDE OF SURFACE CRACKS F. Tkeo 1 nd M. Sk 1 Hchinohe Ntionl College of Technology, Hchinohe, Jpn; Tohoku University, Sendi, Jpn Abstrct:
More informationQUADRATURE is an old-fashioned word that refers to
World Acdemy of Science Engineering nd Technology Interntionl Journl of Mthemticl nd Computtionl Sciences Vol:5 No:7 011 A New Qudrture Rule Derived from Spline Interpoltion with Error Anlysis Hdi Tghvfrd
More informationSection 6: Area, Volume, and Average Value
Chpter The Integrl Applied Clculus Section 6: Are, Volume, nd Averge Vlue Are We hve lredy used integrls to find the re etween the grph of function nd the horizontl xis. Integrls cn lso e used to find
More informationEstimation of Global Solar Radiation at Onitsha with Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Network Models
eserch Journl of ecent Sciences ISSN 77-5 es.j.ecent Sci. Estimtion of Globl Solr dition t Onitsh with egression Anlysis nd Artificil Neurl Network Models Abstrct Agbo G.A., Ibeh G.F. *nd Ekpe J.E. Fculty
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:10.1038/nture11097 Supplementl Text Supplementry Figure 8 shows the zonl nnul men ensemle men temperture trends for the CAM individul forcing experiments. Both lck cron (BC) nd tropospheric ozone (TO3)
More information5.1 How do we Measure Distance Traveled given Velocity? Student Notes
. How do we Mesure Distnce Trveled given Velocity? Student Notes EX ) The tle contins velocities of moving cr in ft/sec for time t in seconds: time (sec) 3 velocity (ft/sec) 3 A) Lel the x-xis & y-xis
More informationHarmonic Mean Derivative - Based Closed Newton Cotes Quadrature
IOSR Journl of Mthemtics (IOSR-JM) e-issn: - p-issn: 9-X. Volume Issue Ver. IV (My. - Jun. 0) PP - www.iosrjournls.org Hrmonic Men Derivtive - Bsed Closed Newton Cotes Qudrture T. Rmchndrn D.Udykumr nd
More informationTitle of file for HTML: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures. Title of file for HTML: Peer Review File Description:
Title of file for HTML: Supplementry Informtion Description: Supplementry Figures Title of file for HTML: Peer Review File Description: WTP SST IPO PDO WTP leds IPO PDO Supplementry Figure 1 IPO (or PDO)
More informationInterpreting Integrals and the Fundamental Theorem
Interpreting Integrls nd the Fundmentl Theorem Tody, we go further in interpreting the mening of the definite integrl. Using Units to Aid Interprettion We lredy know tht if f(t) is the rte of chnge of
More informationP4.18 Drizzle Detection for Maritime Stratocumulus Clouds by Combined Use of TRMM Microwave Imager and Visible/Infrared Scanner
P4.18 Drizzle Detection for Mritime Strtocumulus Clouds y Comined Use of TRMM Microwve Imger nd Visile/Infrred Scnner Hongfei Sho* nd Guosheng Liu Florid Stte University, Tllhssee, FL 6 1. INTRODUCTION*
More informationJournal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 75, No. 6, pp ,
Journl of the Meteorologicl Society of Jpn, Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 1109-1123, 1997 1109 Internnul nd Interdecdl Vritions of the Western North Pcific Monsoon nd Biu Rinfll nd their Reltionship to the ENSO
More informationP1.1 VERIFICATION OF SURFACE LAYER OZONE FORECASTS IN THE NOAA/EPA AIR QUALITY FORECAST SYSTEM IN DIFFERENT REGIONS UNDER DIFFERENT SYNOPTIC SCENARIOS
P1.1 VERIFICATION OF SURFACE LAYER OZONE FORECASTS IN THE NOAA/EPA AIR QUALITY FORECAST SYSTEM IN DIFFERENT REGIONS UNDER DIFFERENT SYNOPTIC SCENARIOS Mrin Tsidulko 1*, Jeff T. McQueen 2, Geoff DiMego
More information7.1 Integral as Net Change and 7.2 Areas in the Plane Calculus
7.1 Integrl s Net Chnge nd 7. Ares in the Plne Clculus 7.1 INTEGRAL AS NET CHANGE Notecrds from 7.1: Displcement vs Totl Distnce, Integrl s Net Chnge We hve lredy seen how the position of n oject cn e
More informationThe impact of wind on air temperature distribution in Athens and in Santorini
Interntionl Conference Pssive nd Low Energy Cooling 133 The impct of wind on ir temperture distribution in Athens nd in Sntorini I. Livd, K. Nichou nd M. Sntmouris Lbortory of Meteorology, Section of Applied
More informationRAINFALL TREND ANALYSIS BY MANN- KENDALL TEST FOR VAMANAPURAM RIVER BASIN, KERALA
Interntionl Journl of Civil Engineering nd Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 13, December 218, pp. 1549-1556, Article ID: IJCIET_9_13_156 Avilble online t http://www.ieme.com/ijciet/issues.sp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=9&itype=13
More informationEVALUATION OF FRESHWATER FLUX OVER THE OCEAN
Interntionl Archives of the Photogrmmetry, Remote Sensing nd Sptil Informtion Science, Volume XXXVIII, Prt 8, Kyoto Jpn 2 EVALUATION OF FRESHWATER FLUX OVER THE OCEAN M. Kubot, T. Wtbe, S. Iwski School
More informationPredict Global Earth Temperature using Linier Regression
Predict Globl Erth Temperture using Linier Regression Edwin Swndi Sijbt (23516012) Progrm Studi Mgister Informtik Sekolh Teknik Elektro dn Informtik ITB Jl. Gnesh 10 Bndung 40132, Indonesi 23516012@std.stei.itb.c.id
More informationTechnical Note: Analytical sensitivity analysis of a two parameter recursive digital baseflow separation filter
Hydrol. Erth Syst. Sci., 16, 451 455, 2012 www.hydrol-erth-syst-sci.net/16/451/2012/ doi:10.5194/hess-16-451-2012 Author(s) 2012. CC Attriution 3.0 License. Hydrology nd Erth System Sciences Technicl Note:
More informationLETTERS. Vertical structure of recent Arctic warming
Vol 5 Jnury 8 doi:.8/nture65 Verticl structure of recent Arctic wrming LETTERS Rune G. Grversen, Thorsten Muritsen, Michel Tjernström, Erlnd Källén & Gunill Svensson Ner-surfce wrming in the Arctic hs
More informationProperties of Integrals, Indefinite Integrals. Goals: Definition of the Definite Integral Integral Calculations using Antiderivatives
Block #6: Properties of Integrls, Indefinite Integrls Gols: Definition of the Definite Integrl Integrl Clcultions using Antiderivtives Properties of Integrls The Indefinite Integrl 1 Riemnn Sums - 1 Riemnn
More informationHigh uncertainty in 21st century runoff projections from glacierized basins
High uncertinty in 1st century runoff projections from glcierized sins Mtthis Huss 1,, Michel Zemp, Philip C. Joerg nd Ndine Slzmnn 1 1 Deprtment of Geosciences, University of Friourg, CH-17 Friourg, Switzerlnd
More informationEmergent constraint on equilibrium climate sensitivity from global temperature variability
Letter doi:10.1038/nture5450 Emergent constrint on equilirium climte sensitivity from glol temperture vriility Peter M. Cox 1, Chris Huntingford & Mrk S. Willimson 1 Equilirium climte sensitivity (ECS)
More information1 Error Analysis of Simple Rules for Numerical Integration
cs41: introduction to numericl nlysis 11/16/10 Lecture 19: Numericl Integrtion II Instructor: Professor Amos Ron Scries: Mrk Cowlishw, Nthnel Fillmore 1 Error Anlysis of Simple Rules for Numericl Integrtion
More informationSection 4: Integration ECO4112F 2011
Reding: Ching Chpter Section : Integrtion ECOF Note: These notes do not fully cover the mteril in Ching, ut re ment to supplement your reding in Ching. Thus fr the optimistion you hve covered hs een sttic
More informationThe Properties of Stars
10/11/010 The Properties of Strs sses Using Newton s Lw of Grvity to Determine the ss of Celestil ody ny two prticles in the universe ttrct ech other with force tht is directly proportionl to the product
More informationSatellite Retrieval Data Assimilation
tellite etrievl Dt Assimiltion odgers C. D. Inverse Methods for Atmospheric ounding: Theor nd Prctice World cientific Pu. Co. Hckensck N.J. 2000 Chpter 3 nd Chpter 8 Dve uhl Artist depiction of NAA terr
More informationRedesigning Urban Open Spaces Based on Bioclimatic Criteria: Two squares in Thessaloniki, Greece
Redesigning Urn Open Spces Bsed on Bioclimtic Criteri: Two squres in Thessloniki, Greece KLEO AXARLI 1, ANGELIKI CHATZIDIMITRIOU 2 1 Deprtment of Architecture, Aristotle University of Thessloniki, Thessloniki,
More informationQuantum Nonlocality Pt. 2: No-Signaling and Local Hidden Variables May 1, / 16
Quntum Nonloclity Pt. 2: No-Signling nd Locl Hidden Vriles My 1, 2018 Quntum Nonloclity Pt. 2: No-Signling nd Locl Hidden Vriles My 1, 2018 1 / 16 Non-Signling Boxes The primry lesson from lst lecture
More informationImpact of tropical SST variations on the linear predictability of the atmospheric circulation. in the Atlantic/European region, and
ANNALS OF GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 46, N. 1, Ferury 2003 Impct of tropicl SST vritions on the liner predictility of the tmospheric circultion in the Atlntic/Europen region Henrik Feddersen Climte Reserch Division,
More informationI1 = I2 I1 = I2 + I3 I1 + I2 = I3 + I4 I 3
2 The Prllel Circuit Electric Circuits: Figure 2- elow show ttery nd multiple resistors rrnged in prllel. Ech resistor receives portion of the current from the ttery sed on its resistnce. The split is
More informationAn Alternative Approach to Estimating the Bounds of the Denominators of Egyptian Fractions
Leonrdo Journl of Sciences ISSN 58-0 Issue, Jnury-June 0 p. -0 An Alterntive Approch to Estimting the Bounds of the Denomintors of Egyptin Frctions School of Humn Life Sciences, University of Tsmni, Locked
More informationP5.25 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAVY RAINFALL DURING THE MESOSCALE ALPINE PROGRAM (MAP)
P5.25 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAVY RAINFALL DURING THE MESOSCALE ALPINE PROGRAM (MAP) Jmes A. Thurmn, Y.-L Lin*, nd J.J Chrney North Crolin Stte University, Rleigh, North Crolin 1. Introduction To ssess
More informationData Assimilation. Alan O Neill Data Assimilation Research Centre University of Reading
Dt Assimiltion Aln O Neill Dt Assimiltion Reserch Centre University of Reding Contents Motivtion Univrite sclr dt ssimiltion Multivrite vector dt ssimiltion Optiml Interpoltion BLUE 3d-Vritionl Method
More informationNUMERICAL INTEGRATION. The inverse process to differentiation in calculus is integration. Mathematically, integration is represented by.
NUMERICAL INTEGRATION 1 Introduction The inverse process to differentition in clculus is integrtion. Mthemticlly, integrtion is represented by f(x) dx which stnds for the integrl of the function f(x) with
More information1B40 Practical Skills
B40 Prcticl Skills Comining uncertinties from severl quntities error propgtion We usully encounter situtions where the result of n experiment is given in terms of two (or more) quntities. We then need
More informationMath 8 Winter 2015 Applications of Integration
Mth 8 Winter 205 Applictions of Integrtion Here re few importnt pplictions of integrtion. The pplictions you my see on n exm in this course include only the Net Chnge Theorem (which is relly just the Fundmentl
More informationAttribution of polar warming to human influence
Attriution of polr wrming to humn influence HAN P. GILLETT 1 *, DÁITHÍ A. STONE,3, PETER A. STOTT 4, TORU NOZAWA 5, ALEXEY YU. KARPECHKO 1, GABRIELE C. HEGERL 6, MICHAEL F. WEHNER 7 AND PHILIP D. JONES
More informationAn Overview of Integration
An Overview of Integrtion S. F. Ellermeyer July 26, 2 The Definite Integrl of Function f Over n Intervl, Suppose tht f is continuous function defined on n intervl,. The definite integrl of f from to is
More informationGoals: Determine how to calculate the area described by a function. Define the definite integral. Explore the relationship between the definite
Unit #8 : The Integrl Gols: Determine how to clculte the re described by function. Define the definite integrl. Eplore the reltionship between the definite integrl nd re. Eplore wys to estimte the definite
More informationMA123, Chapter 10: Formulas for integrals: integrals, antiderivatives, and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (pp.
MA123, Chpter 1: Formuls for integrls: integrls, ntiderivtives, nd the Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus (pp. 27-233, Gootmn) Chpter Gols: Assignments: Understnd the sttement of the Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus.
More informationExamples Using both 2-D sections from Figure 3, data has been modeled for (acoustic) P and (elastic) S wave field
Suslt illumintion studies through longitudinl nd trnsversl wve propgtion Riz Ali *, Jn Thorecke nd Eric Verschuur, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlnds Copyright 2007, SBGf - Sociedde Brsileir
More informationOPEN NEWTON - COTES QUADRATURE WITH MIDPOINT DERIVATIVE FOR INTEGRATION OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS
IJRET: Interntionl Journl of Reserch in Engineering nd Technology eissn: 9-6 pissn: -78 OPEN NEWTON - COTES QUADRATURE WITH MIDPOINT DERIVATIVE FOR INTEGRATION OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS T. Rmchndrn R.Priml
More informationLINEAR ALGEBRA APPLIED
5.5 Applictions of Inner Product Spces 5.5 Applictions of Inner Product Spces 7 Find the cross product of two vectors in R. Find the liner or qudrtic lest squres pproimtion of function. Find the nth-order
More informationMA 15910, Lessons 2a and 2b Introduction to Functions Algebra: Sections 3.5 and 7.4 Calculus: Sections 1.2 and 2.1
MA 15910, Lessons nd Introduction to Functions Alger: Sections 3.5 nd 7.4 Clculus: Sections 1. nd.1 Representing n Intervl Set of Numers Inequlity Symol Numer Line Grph Intervl Nottion ) (, ) ( (, ) ]
More informationReview of Gaussian Quadrature method
Review of Gussin Qudrture method Nsser M. Asi Spring 006 compiled on Sundy Decemer 1, 017 t 09:1 PM 1 The prolem To find numericl vlue for the integrl of rel vlued function of rel vrile over specific rnge
More informationCHAPTER 1 PROGRAM OF MATRICES
CHPTER PROGRM OF MTRICES -- INTRODUCTION definition of engineering is the science y which the properties of mtter nd sources of energy in nture re mde useful to mn. Thus n engineer will hve to study the
More informationLETTERS. Improved estimates of upper-ocean warming and multi-decadal sea-level rise
Vol 453 19 June 28 doi:1.138/nture78 Improved estimtes of upper-ocen wrming nd multi-decdl se-level rise Cti M. Domingues 1, John A. Church 1,2, Neil J. White 1,2, Peter J. Gleckler 3, Susn E. Wijffels
More informationTests for the Ratio of Two Poisson Rates
Chpter 437 Tests for the Rtio of Two Poisson Rtes Introduction The Poisson probbility lw gives the probbility distribution of the number of events occurring in specified intervl of time or spce. The Poisson
More informationEntropy ISSN
Entropy 006, 8[], 50-6 50 Entropy ISSN 099-4300 www.mdpi.org/entropy/ ENTROPY GENERATION IN PRESSURE GRADIENT ASSISTED COUETTE FLOW WITH DIFFERENT THERMAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS Abdul Aziz Deprtment of Mechnicl
More informationReview Topic 14: Relationships between two numerical variables
Review Topi 14: Reltionships etween two numeril vriles Multiple hoie 1. Whih of the following stterplots est demonstrtes line of est fit? A B C D E 2. The regression line eqution for the following grph
More information5: The Definite Integral
5: The Definite Integrl 5.: Estimting with Finite Sums Consider moving oject its velocity (meters per second) t ny time (seconds) is given y v t = t+. Cn we use this informtion to determine the distnce
More informationRiver Location Percent change in precipitation
Tble 10.1 Percentge chnge in nnul runoff with different chnges in nnul precipittion nd n increse in temperture of 2 C. Source: From vrious sources in Arnell (1996, tble 5.1) River Loction Percent chnge
More informationUnit #9 : Definite Integral Properties; Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Unit #9 : Definite Integrl Properties; Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus Gols: Identify properties of definite integrls Define odd nd even functions, nd reltionship to integrl vlues Introduce the Fundmentl
More informationNew Expansion and Infinite Series
Interntionl Mthemticl Forum, Vol. 9, 204, no. 22, 06-073 HIKARI Ltd, www.m-hikri.com http://dx.doi.org/0.2988/imf.204.4502 New Expnsion nd Infinite Series Diyun Zhng College of Computer Nnjing University
More informationCBE 291b - Computation And Optimization For Engineers
The University of Western Ontrio Fculty of Engineering Science Deprtment of Chemicl nd Biochemicl Engineering CBE 9b - Computtion And Optimiztion For Engineers Mtlb Project Introduction Prof. A. Jutn Jn
More informationAsian monsoon simulations by Community Climate Models CAM4 and CCSM4
Clim Dyn (2013) 41:2617 2642 DOI 10.1007/s00382-013-1752-6 Asin monsoon simultions y Community Climte Models CAM4 nd CCSM4 Sirj ul Islm Youmin Tng Peter L. Jckson Received: 21 July 2012 / Accepted: 25
More informationSeismic Attributes used for Reservoir Simulation: Application to a Heavy Oil Reservoir in Canada
Seismic Attriutes used for Reservoir Simultion: Appliction to Hevy Oil Reservoir in Cnd Crmen Dumitrescu* Sensor Geophysicl Ltd, Clgry, AB crmen_dumitrescu@sensorgeo.com nd Lrry Lines University of Clgry,
More informationMath 1B, lecture 4: Error bounds for numerical methods
Mth B, lecture 4: Error bounds for numericl methods Nthn Pflueger 4 September 0 Introduction The five numericl methods descried in the previous lecture ll operte by the sme principle: they pproximte the
More informationThe Shortest Confidence Interval for the Mean of a Normal Distribution
Interntionl Journl of Sttistics nd Proility; Vol. 7, No. 2; Mrch 208 ISSN 927-7032 E-ISSN 927-7040 Pulished y Cndin Center of Science nd Eduction The Shortest Confidence Intervl for the Men of Norml Distriution
More informationChapter 4: Techniques of Circuit Analysis. Chapter 4: Techniques of Circuit Analysis
Chpter 4: Techniques of Circuit Anlysis Terminology Node-Voltge Method Introduction Dependent Sources Specil Cses Mesh-Current Method Introduction Dependent Sources Specil Cses Comprison of Methods Source
More information#6A&B Magnetic Field Mapping
#6A& Mgnetic Field Mpping Gol y performing this lb experiment, you will: 1. use mgnetic field mesurement technique bsed on Frdy s Lw (see the previous experiment),. study the mgnetic fields generted by
More informationMath 131. Numerical Integration Larson Section 4.6
Mth. Numericl Integrtion Lrson Section. This section looks t couple of methods for pproimting definite integrls numericlly. The gol is to get good pproimtion of the definite integrl in problems where n
More informationThe Trapezoidal Rule
_.qd // : PM Pge 9 SECTION. Numericl Integrtion 9 f Section. The re of the region cn e pproimted using four trpezoids. Figure. = f( ) f( ) n The re of the first trpezoid is f f n. Figure. = Numericl Integrtion
More informationANALYSIS OF FAST REACTORS SYSTEMS
ANALYSIS OF FAST REACTORS SYSTEMS M. Rghe 4/7/006 INTRODUCTION Fst rectors differ from therml rectors in severl spects nd require specil tretment. The prsitic cpture cross sections in the fuel, coolnt
More informationMETHODS OF APPROXIMATING THE RIEMANN INTEGRALS AND APPLICATIONS
Journl of Young Scientist Volume III 5 ISSN 44-8; ISSN CD-ROM 44-9; ISSN Online 44-5; ISSN-L 44 8 METHODS OF APPROXIMATING THE RIEMANN INTEGRALS AND APPLICATIONS An ALEXANDRU Scientific Coordintor: Assist
More informationThe heat budget of the atmosphere and the greenhouse effect
The het budget of the tmosphere nd the greenhouse effect 1. Solr rdition 1.1 Solr constnt The rdition coming from the sun is clled solr rdition (shortwve rdition). Most of the solr rdition is visible light
More informationDiscrete Mathematics and Probability Theory Spring 2013 Anant Sahai Lecture 17
EECS 70 Discrete Mthemtics nd Proility Theory Spring 2013 Annt Shi Lecture 17 I.I.D. Rndom Vriles Estimting the is of coin Question: We wnt to estimte the proportion p of Democrts in the US popultion,
More informationLecture 3. In this lecture, we will discuss algorithms for solving systems of linear equations.
Lecture 3 3 Solving liner equtions In this lecture we will discuss lgorithms for solving systems of liner equtions Multiplictive identity Let us restrict ourselves to considering squre mtrices since one
More informationElevation-dependent influence of snow accumulation on forest greening
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 9 SEPTEMBER 212 DOI: 1.138/NGEO1571 Elevtion-dependent influence of snow ccumultion on forest greening Ernesto Trujillo 1,2 *, Noh P. Molotch 1,3,4, Michel L. Goulden 5, Anne E. Kelly
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FRONTAL MIXED CLOUD SYSTEMS AND CLOUD MICROSTRUCTURE EFFECT ON SATELLITE SIGNAL
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FRONTAL MIXED CLOUD SYSTEMS AND CLOUD MICROSTRUCTURE EFFECT ON SATELLITE SIGNAL V. Bkhnov, O. Kryvook, B. Dormn Ukrinin Hydrometeorologicl Reserch Institute, Avenue of Science 37,
More informationNumerical simulation of the impact of Anatolian and Caucasus Mountains on the precipitation distribution over the Black Sea
Nt. Hzrds Erth Syst. Sci., 12, 7 613, 12 www.nt-hzrds-erth-syst-sci.net/12/7/12/ doi:.5194/nhess-12-7-12 Author(s) 12. CC Attriution 3.0 License. Nturl Hzrds nd Erth System Sciences Numericl simultion
More informationThis chapter will show you. What you should already know. 1 Write down the value of each of the following. a 5 2
1 Direct vrition 2 Inverse vrition This chpter will show you how to solve prolems where two vriles re connected y reltionship tht vries in direct or inverse proportion Direct proportion Inverse proportion
More information7.1 Integral as Net Change Calculus. What is the total distance traveled? What is the total displacement?
7.1 Integrl s Net Chnge Clculus 7.1 INTEGRAL AS NET CHANGE Distnce versus Displcement We hve lredy seen how the position of n oject cn e found y finding the integrl of the velocity function. The chnge
More informationEstimation of Global Solar Radiation in Onitsha and Calabar Using Empirical Models
Communitions in Applied Sienes ISS 0-77 Volume, umer, 0, 5-7 Estimtion of Glol Solr dition in Onitsh nd Clr Using Empiril Models M.. nuhi, J. E. Ekpe nd G. F Ieh Deprtment of Industril Physis, Eonyi Stte
More informationHomework Assignment 3 Solution Set
Homework Assignment 3 Solution Set PHYCS 44 6 Ferury, 4 Prolem 1 (Griffiths.5(c The potentil due to ny continuous chrge distriution is the sum of the contriutions from ech infinitesiml chrge in the distriution.
More informationEstimation of the particle concentration in hydraulic liquid by the in-line automatic particle counter based on the CMOS image sensor
Glyndŵr University Reserch Online Conference Presenttion Estimtion of the prticle concentrtion in hydrulic liquid by the in-line utomtic prticle counter bsed on the CMOS imge sensor Kornilin, D.V., Kudryvtsev,
More informationGenetic Programming. Outline. Evolutionary Strategies. Evolutionary strategies Genetic programming Summary
Outline Genetic Progrmming Evolutionry strtegies Genetic progrmming Summry Bsed on the mteril provided y Professor Michel Negnevitsky Evolutionry Strtegies An pproch simulting nturl evolution ws proposed
More informationRecitation 3: More Applications of the Derivative
Mth 1c TA: Pdric Brtlett Recittion 3: More Applictions of the Derivtive Week 3 Cltech 2012 1 Rndom Question Question 1 A grph consists of the following: A set V of vertices. A set E of edges where ech
More informationCS103B Handout 18 Winter 2007 February 28, 2007 Finite Automata
CS103B ndout 18 Winter 2007 Ferury 28, 2007 Finite Automt Initil text y Mggie Johnson. Introduction Severl childrens gmes fit the following description: Pieces re set up on plying ord; dice re thrown or
More informationA Brief Review on Akkar, Sandikkaya and Bommer (ASB13) GMPE
Southwestern U.S. Ground Motion Chrcteriztion Senior Seismic Hzrd Anlysis Committee Level 3 Workshop #2 October 22-24, 2013 A Brief Review on Akkr, Sndikky nd Bommer (ASB13 GMPE Sinn Akkr Deprtment of
More informationP 3 (x) = f(0) + f (0)x + f (0) 2. x 2 + f (0) . In the problem set, you are asked to show, in general, the n th order term is a n = f (n) (0)
1 Tylor polynomils In Section 3.5, we discussed how to pproximte function f(x) round point in terms of its first derivtive f (x) evluted t, tht is using the liner pproximtion f() + f ()(x ). We clled this
More informationWeek 10: Line Integrals
Week 10: Line Integrls Introduction In this finl week we return to prmetrised curves nd consider integrtion long such curves. We lredy sw this in Week 2 when we integrted long curve to find its length.
More information2.2 Background Correction / Signal Adjustment Methods
7 It is importnt to note tht this definition is somewht roder thn is often used in the wider community. Mny times only methods deling with the first prolem hve een referred to s ckground correction methods.
More informationSpace Curves. Recall the parametric equations of a curve in xy-plane and compare them with parametric equations of a curve in space.
Clculus 3 Li Vs Spce Curves Recll the prmetric equtions of curve in xy-plne nd compre them with prmetric equtions of curve in spce. Prmetric curve in plne x = x(t) y = y(t) Prmetric curve in spce x = x(t)
More informationKEYWORDS: Seismic hazard, sensitivity analysis, uncertainty, Sudan
Journl of Science nd Technology 12 (02) Decemer 2011 ISSN 1605 427X Sudn University of Science nd Technology www.sustech.edu Sensitivity Anlysis of Prmeters for Proilistic Seismic Hzrd for Sudn A. E. Hssll
More informationSection 5.1 #7, 10, 16, 21, 25; Section 5.2 #8, 9, 15, 20, 27, 30; Section 5.3 #4, 6, 9, 13, 16, 28, 31; Section 5.4 #7, 18, 21, 23, 25, 29, 40
Mth B Prof. Audrey Terrs HW # Solutions by Alex Eustis Due Tuesdy, Oct. 9 Section 5. #7,, 6,, 5; Section 5. #8, 9, 5,, 7, 3; Section 5.3 #4, 6, 9, 3, 6, 8, 3; Section 5.4 #7, 8,, 3, 5, 9, 4 5..7 Since
More informationTHERMAL EXPANSION COEFFICIENT OF WATER FOR VOLUMETRIC CALIBRATION
XX IMEKO World Congress Metrology for Green Growth September 9,, Busn, Republic of Kore THERMAL EXPANSION COEFFICIENT OF WATER FOR OLUMETRIC CALIBRATION Nieves Medin Hed of Mss Division, CEM, Spin, mnmedin@mityc.es
More informationPatch Antennas. Chapter Resonant Cavity Analysis
Chpter 4 Ptch Antenns A ptch ntenn is low-profile ntenn consisting of metl lyer over dielectric sustrte nd ground plne. Typiclly, ptch ntenn is fed y microstrip trnsmission line, ut other feed lines such
More informationContinuous Random Variables Class 5, Jeremy Orloff and Jonathan Bloom
Lerning Gols Continuous Rndom Vriles Clss 5, 8.05 Jeremy Orloff nd Jonthn Bloom. Know the definition of continuous rndom vrile. 2. Know the definition of the proility density function (pdf) nd cumultive
More informationLinear Inequalities. Work Sheet 1
Work Sheet 1 Liner Inequlities Rent--Hep, cr rentl compny,chrges $ 15 per week plus $ 0.0 per mile to rent one of their crs. Suppose you re limited y how much money you cn spend for the week : You cn spend
More informationA REVIEW OF CALCULUS CONCEPTS FOR JDEP 384H. Thomas Shores Department of Mathematics University of Nebraska Spring 2007
A REVIEW OF CALCULUS CONCEPTS FOR JDEP 384H Thoms Shores Deprtment of Mthemtics University of Nebrsk Spring 2007 Contents Rtes of Chnge nd Derivtives 1 Dierentils 4 Are nd Integrls 5 Multivrite Clculus
More informationORDER REDUCTION USING POLE CLUSTERING AND FACTOR DIVISION METHOD
Author Nme et. l. / Interntionl Journl of New Technologies in Science nd Engineering Vol., Issue., 7, ISSN 9-78 ORDER REDUCTION USING POLE CLUSTERING AND FACTOR DIVISION METHOD A Chinn Nidu* G Dileep**
More informationCreating A New Planck s Formula of Spectral Density of Black-body Radiation by Means of AF(A) Diagram
nd Jogj Interntionl Physics Conference Enhncing Network nd Collortion Developing Reserch nd Eduction in Physics nd Nucler Energy Septemer 6-9, 007, Yogykrt-Indonesi Creting A New Plnck s Formul of Spectrl
More informationShear and torsion interaction of hollow core slabs
Competitive nd Sustinble Growth Contrct Nº G6RD-CT--6 Sher nd torsion interction of hollow core slbs HOLCOTORS Technicl Report, Rev. Anlyses of hollow core floors December The content of the present publiction
More informationAPPROXIMATE INTEGRATION
APPROXIMATE INTEGRATION. Introduction We hve seen tht there re functions whose nti-derivtives cnnot be expressed in closed form. For these resons ny definite integrl involving these integrnds cnnot be
More informationApplications of Bernoulli s theorem. Lecture - 7
Applictions of Bernoulli s theorem Lecture - 7 Prcticl Applictions of Bernoulli s Theorem The Bernoulli eqution cn be pplied to gret mny situtions not just the pipe flow we hve been considering up to now.
More informationFEM ANALYSIS OF ROGOWSKI COILS COUPLED WITH BAR CONDUCTORS
XIX IMEKO orld Congress Fundmentl nd Applied Metrology September 6 11, 2009, Lisbon, Portugl FEM ANALYSIS OF ROGOSKI COILS COUPLED ITH BAR CONDUCTORS Mirko Mrrcci, Bernrdo Tellini, Crmine Zppcost University
More information