A Brief Review on Akkar, Sandikkaya and Bommer (ASB13) GMPE
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1 Southwestern U.S. Ground Motion Chrcteriztion Senior Seismic Hzrd Anlysis Committee Level 3 Workshop #2 October 22-24, 2013 A Brief Review on Akkr, Sndikky nd Bommer (ASB13 GMPE Sinn Akkr Deprtment of Civil Engineering, Middle Est Technicl University Ankr, Turkey
2 Outline o Overview of ASB13 with emphsis on o Mgnitude dependence of sigm o Reduction in sigm fter 3 seconds o Dependence of residuls on depth o Norml fulting fctors
3 Mjor fetures of ASB13 o Developed using subset of RESORCE (Reference Dtbse for Seismic- Ground Motion in Europe o Totl number of erthqukes: 221 o Totl number of records: 1041 o Minimum nd mximum response periods: PGA, PGV nd T = 1s T = 4.0s o Horizontl component definition: Geometric men o Distnce metrics: R epi, R hyp nd o Mximum distnce: 200 km o Mximum depth: 30 km o Minimum nd mximum moment mgnitude: M w 4 M w 7.6 o Minimum nd mximum V S30 (ll mesured: V S30 = 92 m/s V S30 = 2165 m/s o Recommended mgnitude, distnce, period nd V S30 intervls: o 4 M w 8 o Distnces up to 200 km o PGA, PGV nd 1s T 4 s o 150 m/s V S m/s
4 Overll distribution of strong-motion dtbse M w o 3-component, 1041 recordings with distnces less thn 200 km o 221 erthqukes (MS AS with focl depths less thn 30 km nd M w 4. o Ech event hs t lest 2 recordings o 322 sttions with mesured V S30 vlues. o Mgnitudes up to M w 7 nd distnces > 5 km re well represented
5 SoF nd V S30 bsed distribution of strongmotion dtbse o Few dt with V S30 > 800 m/s nd V S30 < 180 m/s o Reverse-fulting erthqukes re poorly represented. Most dt come from norml (Itlin nd strike-slip (Turkish events o M w > 7 events re mostly from strike-slip erthqukes
6 Depth distribution of strong-motion dtbse o Events with M w > 6 hve depths less thn 20 km o Depth distribution is more uniform for M w 6
7 Functionl Form [ ] [ ] t JB w REF S SoF R M Y Y εσ = ln,, ( ln ln( [ ] [ ] > = ln( ( (8.5 ( ln( ( (8.5 ( ln( c M F F R c M M c M c M F F R c M M c M Y w N R JB W w w w N R JB W w w REF Medin ground-motion for reference rock Site effect Aletory vribility Sinn Akkr 11/07/2013
8 Style-of-Fulting (SoF fctors o SoF coefficients re found to be sensitive to the distribution of fulting type in the dtbse. o They re obtined by removing the smll events (M w < 5 hving less thn 3 recordings (eliminte the poorly recorded events. N:SS Firly consistent pttern with CB08 nd AB10 This study AB10BAD12 AS08 BA08 CB08 CY R:SS Very complicted ptterns. No model is entirely comptible with the others Period (s Z TOR is ssumed s zero for AS08, CB08 nd CY08 Period (s
9 Residul nlysis overll trends Between-event Residuls Within-event Residuls Within-event Residuls T = s T = s T = 1.0s T = s M w V S30 (m/s T = s M w V S30 (m/s T = 1.0 s M w V S30 (m/s o Dt do not support mgnitude-dependent sigm (sprse dt smpling towrds lrge mgnitudes o No bised estimtions in terms of distnce o Slight overestimtion t very soft sites nd under estimtion for rock sites t short periods (e.g., T = s
10 Residul nlysis dependence of mgnitude Stndrd devition Between-event residuls (T = s Between-event residuls (T = s Within-event residuls (T = s Within-event residuls (T = s Between-event residuls (T = 1.0s Within-event residuls (T = 1.0s Vrition of stndrd devition seems to be independent of mgnitude for M w 6.5. Stndrd devition For lrger mgnitudes, the fluctutions cn be misleding s there is fewer dt. M w M w M w
11 Residul nlysis mgnitude nd SoF dependence
12 Sigm Mu Sigm Mu Sigm Mu Modeling uncertinty considering mgnitude nd SoF PGA - Strike-Slip Strike-slip PGA - Norml PGA - Reverse p p PGA T=s T=1.0s M4.0 M4.5 M5.0 M5.5 M6.0 M6.5 M7.0 M7.5 M8.0 o No significnt differences between M4.0 norml M4.5 nd strike-slip M5.0 M5.5 M6.0 erthqukes. M6.5 Modeling M7.0 M7.5 M8.0 uncertinty is higher for reverse events with respect to other two M4.0 SoF M4.5 M5.0 M5.5 M6.0 o More M6.5 relible results M7.0 M7.5 M8.0 between 4.5 M w 6
13 Residul nlysis depth dependence PGA T = s T = 1.0s Norml Events Reverse Events Strike-Skip Events p = 87 p = 07 p = p = 0.17 p = 11 p = Depth p = 5 p = 09 p = Depth Depth
14 Stndrd devition R epi Stndrd devition 1.0 totl within-event between-event Period (s R hyp o Vrition of sigm is lmost period independent except for the portion between 3s nd 4s. o The level of totl sigm is similr to AB10. It is slightly lrger with respect to NGA- W1 GMPEs.
15 Reduction in stndrd devition fter T = 3s At T = 4s, 36% of ccelerogrms nd 28% of erthqukes re removed due to low-cut filter vlues used in dt processing. 1.0 Dt Loss (in % Accelerogrms Erthqukes Dt loss doubles between T = 3s nd T = 4s Stndrd Devition (for model totl sigm within-event sigm between-event sigm Period (s Considerble reduction in the dt size for T 3s results in the observed decy in stndrd devitions Period (s
16 Conclusions 1/3 Mgnitude-dependence of sigm (for lrger erthqukes o Dtbse contins few lrge mgnitude events bove M w 7. Thus, the distribution of dt does not llow estblishing mgnitudedependent sigm. o The vrition of stndrd devition seems to be independent for M w 6.5. o The model uncertinty seems to be less significnt for 4.5 M w 6 for the whole distnce rnge. Influence of depth on ASB13 estimtes o The vrition of between-event residuls in terms of depth indicte tht the bis in norml nd strike-slip ground-motion estimtions is insignificnt with respect to reverse events. The reverse fult ground motions tend to be overestimted with incresing depth.
17 Conclusions 2/3 How well the estimtes re for different SoF? o SoF coefficients show similrities with CB08 nd AB10 for N:SS rtios. They differ significntly with the compred GMPEs for R:SS rtios. The dtbse is rich in terms of norml nd strike-slip erthqukes. It is believed tht N:SS rtios re stble in our model. o The insignificnt M w -dependent between-event residul trends for N nd SS estimtes indicte better performnce of ASB13 for these fulting mechnisms. The sme performnce is not observed for reverse erthqukes o The model uncertinty lso seems to be less significnt for norml nd strike-slip events. This observtion supports the stbility of N:SS rtios (or stbility of N nd SS SoF coefficients.
18 Conclusions 3/3 Reduction in sigm fter T = 3.0s o The decrese in number of erthqukes nd ccelerogrms results in sudden drop in sigm fter T = 3.0s. o The within-event sigm seems to be ffected more by the decrese in ccelerogrms fter T = 3s o The reduction in between-event sigm is observed only for T 3.8s due to decrese in event number.
19 References o Akkr S, Sndikky MA nd Bommer J (2013. Empiricl ground-motion models for point- nd extended-source crustl erthquke scenrios in Europe nd the Middle Est. Bulletin of Erthquke Engineering, DOI /s o Akkr S, Sndikky MA nd Bommer J (2013. Errtum to: Empiricl ground-motion models for point- nd extendedsource crustl erthquke scenrios in Europe nd the Middle Est. Bulletin of Erthquke Engineering, DOI /s o Al Atik L nd Youngs RR (2013. Epistemic uncertinty for NGA-West2 models. Pcific Erthquke Reserch Center, University of Cliforni t Berkeley, PEER Report 2013/11
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