MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Transcription

1 Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The Arecibo radio telescope is laid out like which optical telescope design? 1) A) prime focus reflector B) Coude reflector C) Cassegrain reflector D) Newtonian reflector E) grazing incidence reflector 2) What aspects of the planets orbits are nearly the same for most planets? 2) A) shape and distance from the Sun B) orbital period and distance from the Sun C) orbital period and shape D) shape and tilt from the ecliptic E) tilt from the ecliptic and distance from the Sun 3) The jovian planets 3) A) all spin slower than the earth. B) have satellite systems with less than 4 moons. C) all have rings around their equators. D) are all much more dense than any of the terrestrials planets. E) all lie less than 5 AU from the Sun. 4) A region where a denser basaltic plate is subducted under a continental one is: 4) A) the San Andreas Fault. B) Hawaii. C) the Nazca Trench. D) the Mid-Atlantic Rift. E) the Himalayas. 5) A telescope with a 60 mm objective lens collects how many times as much light as does your eye's 6 mm exit pupil? 5) A) 100X B) 10X C) 250X D) 5X E) 25X 6) In noting that our world is "differentiated," we mean that: 6) A) the Earth's magnetic field is different now in polarity than it was 700,000 years ago. B) the Earth has evolved in a different pattern than any other planet. C) radioactive heating in the core is at a slower pace than when the Earth was new. D) the iron and nickel core is denser than the silicate mantle and crust. E) the density of its materials decreases as you go downward toward the core. 7) Compared to optical telescopes, radio telescopes are built large because 7) A) atmospheric turbulence is more of a problem. B) they're less expensive to make than optical telescopes. C) radio sources are harder to find. D) radio waves are absorbed by the atmosphere. E) radio photons don't carry much energy. 8) Earth's magnetic field 8) A) prevents charged particles in the solar wind from reaching the surface.

2 B) lines intersect the atmosphere at the equator. C) is weakening the Van Allen radiation belts. D) is a remnant of the solar nebula's magnetic field. E) is the force behind plate tectonics. 9) Within Earth's atmosphere, in which layer does convection occur? 9) A) the stratosphere B) convection occurs in all layers of Earth's atmosphere C) the tropopshere D) the mesosphere E) the ionosphere 10) The critical part of the atmosphere for protecting life on the ground from excessive ultraviolet radiation is the: 10) A) troposphere. B) ionosphere. C) stratosphere. D) hydrosphere. E) ozone layer. 11) The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are: 11) A) sulfuric acid vapor and carbon dioxide. B) hydrogen and helium. C) hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide. D) water vapor and carbon dioxide. E) methane and ammonia. 12) The Kuiper Belt is an "outer asteroid belt" consisting of what types of solar system bodies? 12) A) terrestrial planets B) icy cometlike bodies C) jovian planets D) meteoroids E) asteroids 13) A major advantage of a Newtonian reflector over a refractor is 13) A) the elimination of the secondary mirror. B) the central hole in the mirror is smaller. C) there are only two lenses to grind. D) the elimination of chromatic aberration. E) its compact size. 14) The amount of diffraction a telescope creates depends upon: 14) A) the magnification of the eyepiece. B) whether the telescope is a refractor or a reflector. C) the transparency of the atmosphere. D) the types of glass used in the achromat. E) the wavelength and the diameter of the telescope objective. 15) Our best close-up views of the jovian moons came from the many passes by: 15) A) Cassini.

3 B) Voyager 2. C) Global Surveyor. D) New Horizons. E) Galileo. 16) Which type of telescope has the simplest light path? 16) A) Cassegrain reflector B) achromatic refractor C) Newtonian reflector D) prime focus reflector E) single lens refractor 17) Which major atmospheric component is chiefly a product of life processes? 17) A) carbon dioxide B) hydrogen sulfide C) nitrogen D) oxygen E) water 18) The Mariner 10 spacecraft visited which bodies in the solar system? 18) A) Mercury and Venus B) Venus and Mars C) the jovian planets D) Mars and Jupiter E) Mars and Mercury 19) Which parts of the Sun's radiation are responsible for heating Earth's surface? 19) A) the x-ray and the gamma ray B) the radio and the ultraviolet C) the ultraviolet and the visible D) the visible and the infrared E) the infrared and the high energy particles 20) Compared to the density of water, our Earth averages: 20) A) about 4 times denser, similar to Mars. B) about 3 times denser, much like our Moon. C) about the same density, similar to Saturn. D) about 10 times denser, due to our core of iron and nickel. E) about 5 times denser, like the Mercury and Venus. 21) The Kuiper Belt is found where in the solar system? 21) A) between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter B) beyond the orbit of Neptune C) sixty degrees ahead or behind Jupiter D) among the orbits of the terrestrial planets E) between the orbits of Jupiter and Uranus 22) Mercury's most unusual orbital feature, as compared to the other planets, is 22) A) that it has no moons. B) the size of the planet. C) the shape of its orbit. D) the size of its orbit.

4 E) its orbital period. 23) In which part of the electromagnetic spectrum have astronomers been unable to get any information? 23) A) microwaves B) ultraviolet C) X-rays D) gamma rays E) We now can access information in all spectral lengths. 24) What is the goal of comparative planetology? 24) A) to find out how our own solar system compares with extrasolar ones B) to find which planets will be most suitable for future colonization C) to determine the origin and evolution of the solar system D) to help plan future visits by unmanned probes, orbiters, and rovers E) to use planetary positions to foretell the future 25) Within Earth's atmosphere the ozone layer is located 25) A) between the stratsophere and the mesosphere. B) in the troposphere. C) in the mesosphere. D) between the troposphere and the stratosphere. E) in the stratosphere. 26) The presence of a magnetic field is a good indication that: 26) A) a huge iron meteorite lies somewhere high up in the mantle, not in the core. B) we have a liquid metal outer core, spinning rapidly as we rotate. C) the Earth's interior must be completely molten to the center. D) the Earth's interior is similar to Mercury's, as both have fields. E) the Earth's interior has had time to solidify, with a rigid bar magnet created. 27) This design involves only one optical surface, a concave mirror. 27) A) Gregorian reflector B) refractor C) Newtonian reflector D) Cassegrain reflector E) prime focus reflector 28) In order to determine the mass of a planet by applying Newton's laws of motion and gravity, the planet must have 28) A) planets further from the Sun than itself. B) a solid surface. C) moons. D) rings. E) a known size and distance from Earth. 29) The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the: 29) A) corona. B) Van Allen Radiation Belts. C) aurora borealis and aurstralis. D) ozone layer. E) exosphere.

5 30) What is the percentage of Earth's atmosphere (by volume) that is carbon dioxide ( )? 30) A) 3 B) 0.03 C) 21 D) 78 E) ) The convex secondary mirror in this design focuses light down through a hole cut in the concave primary mirror. 31) A) Cassegrain reflector B) interferometer C) prime focus reflector D) Newtonian reflector E) refractor 32) What is true of spring tides? 32) A) The Moon's phase will be first quarter. B) The third quarter Moon would be high overhead at dawn. C) The difference between low and high tides would be smallest. D) The difference between low and high tides would be greatest. E) There would be one high and one low tide each day. 33) Objects in the Kuiper belt 33) A) lie beyond the orbit of Neptune, and close to the ecliptic. B) are in random orbits at all inclinations to the ecliptic. C) lie beyond the orbit of Neptune and perpendicular to the ecliptic.. D) are dense, like the iron meteorites. E) are the sources of long-period comets. 34) Which of these devices helps correct coma in fast reflectors? 34) A) Newtonian secondary mirror B) star diagonal C) achromatic doublet D) Cassegrain secondary mirror E) Schmidt corrector plate 35) Which of the following have an icy composition? 35) A) meteoroids B) comets C) most asteroids D) meteorites and most asteroids E) the surface of Mars 36) This design combines the radiation from two different telescopes to greatly enhance resolution via computer synthesis. 36) A) refractor B) Cassegrain reflector C) prime focus reflector D) interferometer

6 E) Newtonian reflector 37) The most important advantage of CCDs over film is that 37) A) they can cover larger areas of the sky than film can. B) their images do not have to be developed as film does. C) their images never fade, as film can. D) they record much more light in a given exposure time. E) they record colors better than film can. 38) The "Grand Tour" of all four jovians was conducted by: 38) A) Cassini. B) Pioneer 11. C) Galileo. D) Voyager 1 and 2 both. E) Voyager 2. 39) Which design has a convex primary mirror and flat secondary mirror, with the eyepiece located on the top side of the telescope tube? 39) A) prime focus reflector B) refractor C) Newtonian reflector D) Cassegrain reflector E) interferometer 40) As the solar nebula contracts due to gravitation, the cloud 40) A) becomes more spherical in shape. B) spins faster. C) expands. D) changes direction of motion. E) begins to cool.