UK-DMC 2 and Deimos-1, New DMC Sensors for Agricultural Monitoring. Owen Hawkins DMC International Imaging Ltd

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1 UK-DMC 2 and Deimos-1, New DMC Sensors for Agricultural Monitoring Owen Hawkins DMC International Imaging Ltd

2 Full Spectrum Satellite Solutions Design Manufacture Assembly, Integration & Test Launch Services Ground Segment & Operations Processing & Supply

3 The DMC Concept A Unique International Partnership Combining National Objectives, Humanitarian Aid and Commerce The Coordinator The Consortium The Constellation Applications; Commercial, Government and Humanitarian

4 Constellation Status Five spacecraft in first generation with 32m GSD Second generation available NOW with 22m GSD Third Generation available 2010 with 2.5m GSD Governments owners AlSAT-1 (Algeria) NigeriaSat-1 (Nigeria) NigeriaSat-2 NigeriaSat-X BILSAT-1 (Turkey) Private Owners Beijing-1 (BLMIT corp.) UK-DMC (DMCii) UK-DMC-2 (DMCii) Deimos-1 (Deimos Imaging) NigeriaSat-1 ALSAT-1 UK-DMC Beijing-1 BILSAT + Deimos-DMC UK-DMC2 (Launched) (Launched) N2 (2010) NX (2010) Next generations

5 UK-DMC-2 and Deimos-1 Launched! Launched from Baikour 1 st Image 6 days after Launch

6 Second Generation DMC The second generation DMC satellites have been redesigned to give a 22m GSD imager with the same large (640km swath) Changes in the optics, electronics, AOCS and operational procedures are expected to improve data quality significantly Removal of Horizontal Striping (Improvement of Sensor Electronics - Success Improvement of MTF and Dynamic Range - Success

7 Comparison with old DMC s Geometric OLD Used gravity gradient boom on first generation imagers, caused some geometric problems NEW Fully agile system, improved momentum wheels to reduce micro-vibration

8 Top-Level Calibration Approach Pre Launch Calibration Post Launch Calibration Sensor Characterisation Laboratory Measurements Generate Coefficients Early Absolute Surface Measurements Relative Measurements Absolute Measurements Fixed Temperature, Variable Gains Pre-Launch Coefficients Absolute Measurement with Short Time Separation Pacific at Night Gold Standard Variable Temperature, Fixed Gains Thermal Model Updated Coefficients Antarctic Ice Sheet Updated Coefficients Sensor Specific Variables Sensor Model Updated Coefficients

9 Practical Implementation Three ongoing elements Early Absolute Calibration Prior to separation (phasing) of launched satellites Near Concurrent acquisitions over calibration site Absolute calibration (ongoing) Uses a single satellite Gold standard More acquisitions (more confidence) Lower costs as single satellite Transfer calibration (ongoing) Uses Dome-C in Antarctica to transfer from a few detectors to whole array Cross-calibration (ongoing) Intersections over Dome-C (half an image overlap 320km) time separation of 30 minutes to one hour with stable atmosphere

10 Transfer Calibration Transfer uses stable site in Antarctica at Dome-C For each absolute acquisition all nine pixels used to generate nine radiances Use mean value of nine pixels Repeat for other absolute acquisitions Get range of radiance values (one for each absolute image), since single white image used for transfer this is a measure of uncertainty Dome-C base and surface disturbance from Nigeriasat-1

11 Cross-Calibration Cross-calibration steps include, Selection of best cloud free pair Correction for solar zenith differences Correction for variability, if the pair is at the edge of the distribution it is corrected to the mean for the 19 image pairs Calculation of new TOA radiances for UK-DMC-1 based on TOA radiances from Nigeriasat-1 Recalculation of calibration gain values

12 Calibration Aims Current Absolute calibration is <7% for new satellites By the start of 2010, the target of <5% (industry standard) will be reached The relative calibration between the satellites will be <1% as per the DMCii standard

13 Early Results from New Satellites Launch 29 th July UK-DMC-2 and Deimos-1 1 st Images 1 week after launch Deimos-1 Image, Spain Deimos Imaging

14 Early Results from New Satellites Launch 29 th July UK-DMC-2 and Deimos-1 1 st Images 1 week after launch UK-DMC-2 Image, Texas DMCii

15 Early Results from New Satellites Launch 29 th July UK-DMC-2 and Deimos-1 1 st Images 1 week after launch Application of prelaunch calibration coefficients gives good results Sensor outgassing and stabilisation will modify response over next 6 months Intensive relative flat field calibration during critical stage Monthly relative and biannual absolute calibration thereafter UK-DMC-2 Image Detail, Dallas Fort Worth Airport DMCii

16 Green band UK DMC 1

17 Green band UK DMC 2

18 Red band UK DMC 1

19 Red band UK DMC 2

20 NIR band UK DMC 1

21 NIR band UK DMC 2

22 22m/32m Resolution Coverage of Parts of Africa As Of Mid-October Collected by Beijing-1, UK-DMC-1, UK-DMC-2, NigeriaSat-1, Deimos-1

23 European Coverage 2 Satellites Only DAY 0

24 European Coverage 2 Satellites Only DAY 1

25 European Coverage 2 Satellites Only DAY 2

26 European Coverage 2 Satellites Only DAY 3

27 European Coverage 2 Satellites Only DAY 4

28 European Coverage 2 Satellites Only DAY 5

29 Monitoring Europe; A Constellation Success Complete coverage in three months Delivered 38 countries 5.8 million km 2 Individual acquisition windows Individual projections <5% cloud 32 metre gsd

30 Other Projects Using Rapid Revisit Continued Precision Agriculture in USA, Europe, South America and Asia National land cover mapping campaigns in major countries in Europe and Australasia providing annual or better coverages Continued forestry monitoring in Amazon and Congo Basins and Indonesia Background global mapping project

31 New Sensors NigeriaSat-X Built by Nigerian engineers in Surrey Similar design to Deimos-1 22m GSD Very Large Area Imager To Launch Q3 2010

32 New Sensors NigeriaSat-2 Carries 2.5m Pan and 5m Multispectral Imagers, with a Wide Swath Imager also on Board Very Agile Platform To Launch Q3 2010

33 Thank You