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1 DVNCES in NURL nd PPLIED SCIENCES ISSN: Published BYENSI Publition EISSN: My (7: pges - Open ess Journl Performne Optimiztion of Qudruple n System Using Prtile Swrm Optimiztion lgorithm Komthi C, Sidurg K, Sindhuj S L, Gunsundri, 5 Roshn Zubir ssistnt Professor, Deprtment of Eletronis nd Instrumenttion, Sri Sirm Engineering College, Si Leo Ngr, West mbrm, Chenni-6, mil Ndu, Indi. -5 UG Sholr, Deprtment of Eletronis nd Instrumenttion Engineering, Sri Sirm Engineering College. Si Leo Ngr, West mbrm, Chenni-6, mil Ndu, Indi. ddress For Correspondene: Komthi C, ssistnt Professor, Deprtment of Eletronis nd Instrumenttion, Sri Sirm Engineering College, Si Leo Ngr, West mbrm, Chenni-6, mil Ndu, Indi. E-mil: omthi.ei@sirm.edu.in Copyright 7 by uthors nd merin-eursin Networ for Sientifi Informtion (ENSI Publition. his wor is liensed under the Cretive Commons ttribution Interntionl Liense (CC BY. BSRC Bground: Mny proess industries hve lrge omplex plnts hving mny different types of hemil proesses whih re nonliner nd intertive. Qudruple tn system is the best lbortory exmple onsidered to nlyze the nonlinerities nd intertions in proess industries. Conventionl ontrol tehniques used for tuning Proportionl Integrl (PI ontroller whih re the most widely used ontrollers, do not hndle intertion between the multiple proesses or the nonlinerities effiiently. lso onventionl methods do not optimize the proess. Hene, optimiztion tehniques suh s Bteri Forging Optimiztion (BFO nd Prtile Swrm Optimiztion (PSO re used to improve the dynmi nd stedy stte performne of the system to hndle the nonlinerities nd intertions. Objetive: he min objetive of the pper is to design ontroller to mximize the performne output of qudruple tn system nd hene to inrese its stbility. Results: he response obtined using PSO lgorithm hs n improved dynmi performne in terms of rise time nd settling time s ompred to onventionl nd BFO tehniques for both servo nd regultory problems. Conlusion: hus PSO lgorithm is muh suitble ontrol tehnique thn the IMC nd BFO tehniques. KEYWORDS: Qudruple tn system, PI ontroller, Internl Model Control method, Bteri Forging Optimiztion tehnique, Prtile Swrm Optimiztion tehnique. INRODUCION Industril ontrol problems re usully non-liner in nture nd hve multiple ontrol vribles. he systems involved in suh industril proess show signifint unertinties, non-minimum phse behvior nd lot of intertions. o understnd the non-idelities of suh industril proesses there is need for lbortory equipment to rry out experiments. he qudruple tn system [-] is benhmr system used to nlyze the nonliner effets in multivrible proess. he qudruple tn system is widely used in visulizing the dynmi intertions nd nonlinerities exhibited in the opertion of power plnts, hemil industries nd biotehnologil fields. he ontrol of suh interting multivrible proesses is of gret interest in proess industries. PSO lgorithm is the most widely used optimiztion tehnique sine it hs fst onvergene, few prmeters to djust nd hene esy to implement. he intertions of the four tn system is studied nd the ontroller strtegies suh s IMC [5], BFO [6] nd PSO [7] tehniques re implemented nd nlyzed using MLB / Simulin to ontrol the levels of the lower two tns. he response of the fore mentioned tehniques re then nlyzed nd ompred. ocite hisrtile: Komthi C, Sidurg K, Sindhuj S L, Gunsundri, Roshn Zubir., Performne Optimiztion of Qudruple n System Using Prtile Swrm Optimiztion lgorithm. dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7; Pges: -

2 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - Methodology: his setion is orgnized into four prts. he introdution of the tn nd its modelling re disussed in the first prt. Seond prt dels with lineriztion of the model. he third prt desribes the response of the system without deoupling nd servo nd regultory problem is disussed in the fourth prt.. Modelling: he lyout of Qudruple tn system for the proposed projet is shown in Fig. It onsists of four tns of re i whih re interonneted. he input voltges V nd V re given to the pump nd respetively. he pump drws wter from the reservoir nd gives it to tn nd tn through three wy vlve. Similrly the pump supplies wter to tn nd. he flow to the tns is ontrolled by the vlve position. Eh tn hs n outlet pipe of re i nd vlve t the bottom. he wter from the tn nd dishrges to the reservoir, while the tn dishrges to tn nd the tn dishrges to tn. he im is to ontrol the levels (hi of the tn nd tn. he intertions of the upper two tns re onsidered nd the response is nlyzed. Fig. : Overll Blo Digrm Modelling of the tn is done by using the mss blne eqution nd Bernoulli s lw. Mss blne eqution sttes tht, [Rte of umultion] = [Rte of in-flow]-[rte of outflow] ( Where, the input mss flow-rte is given s: q in V q in V q in V( V ( q in nd the output mss flow-rte qouti is given s: q gh outi i he finl equtions re: i q ini ( dh V dt dh ( V dt dh V dt dh ( V dt gh gh gh gh gh gh (

3 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - B. Lineriztion: he stte spe equtions re in nonliner form due to the squre root term present in the equtions. Hene lineriztion is performed using ylor series expnsion. ( ( ( B (5 C (6 u x dt dx X ( (. (7 y (8 C. rnsfer Funtion Model: he trnsfer funtion mtrix for the qudruple tn system is obtined using the following eqution. D B si C s G ( ( (9 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( s s s s s s B si C ( On solving the eqution, the finl G(s mtrix obtined is,

4 5 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - C ( s G( s C( ( s ( s C( ( s ( s C ( s ( Where, C ndc On substituting the prmeters of the tn system we get,.89.s G( s 6.78 (8.7s (.9s (. s (.967s.5 8.7s ( D. Without Deoupling: he Simulin digrm for qudruple tn system without deoupling is shown in Fig.. Fig. : Simulin Model for qudruple system without deoupling E. Servo Problem: It is observed whether the system is ble to tr the set-point using the Simulin model shown in Fig. Fig. : Simulin Model for Servo Problem F. Regultory Problem: he regultory problem is one in whih even if disturbne ours, the ontroller should be ble to ontrol nd settle the system. his is observed using the Simulin model shown in fig..

5 6 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - Fig. : Simulin Model for Regultory problem. Controller ehniques:. Internl Model Control tehnique: he Internl Model Control (IMC is ontrol system design bsed on the Q-prmeteriztion onept. It hs been populr ontrolling strtegy in the proess ontrol industries espeilly in the tuning of single loop PI ontrollers. he tuning formul for IMC tehnique is given s: K i P K C ( K Ki P i Where, KP is the proportionl gin nd Ki is the Integrl gin, K is the proess gin, i is the integrl time, is the proess time onstnt nd is the desired time onstnt. By substituting the prmeters, we get the vlues s shown in ble I. ble I: Im uning Prmeters ( (5 B. Bteri Forging Optimiztion lgorithm: Nturl seletion tends to eliminte nimls with poor forging pprohes nd fvor the propgtion of genes of nimls tht hve triumphnt forging strtegies. fter mny genertions, poor forging strtegies re obliterted or molded into good ones. his tivity of forging led the reserhers to use it s optimiztion proess. he tuning prmeters obtined using this tehnique is shown in ble. III. ble III: Bfo uning Prmeters C. Prtile Swrm Optimiztion lgorithm: he prtile swrm lgorithm begins by reting the initil prtiles, nd ssigning them initil veloities. It evlutes the objetive funtion t eh prtile lotion, nd determines the best (lowest funtion vlue nd the best lotion. It hooses new veloities, bsed on the urrent veloity, the prtiles' individul best lotions,

6 7 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - nd the best lotions of their neighbors. It then itertively updtes the prtile lotions (the new lotion is the old one plus the veloity, modified to eep prtiles within bounds, veloities, nd neighbors. Itertions proeed until the lgorithm rehes stopping riterion. Fig. : PSO lgorithm In the flowhrt shown in Fig., the prtiles re initilized nd then the urrent fitness vlue is ompred with the lol best, if the urrent vlue is greter thn the lol best, it is repled with the lol best. Similrly, the lol best is ompred with the globl best nd the vlues re updted. he itertion ontinues until the trget is rehed. Integrl Squre Error (ISE, Integrl bsolute Error (IE, Integrl ime Squre Error (ISE, Integrl ime bsolute Error (IE re used s objetive funtions for PSO lgorithm nd the results re tbulted in ble II. he best vlues re obtined from the lgorithm for IE riteri s objetive funtion. ble II: Pso uning Prmeters RESULS ND DISCUSSION. Simultion Results: he following plots re obtined using MLB/Simulin softwre.. Open loop response: he Grph is plotted nd it is shown in Fig 5.

7 8 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - Fig. 5: Open loop response. IMC tehnique: he grph is plotted nd it is shown in Fig.6. Fig. 6: Closed loop response for IMC From the grph, it is inferred tht this tehnique does not settle the system quily.. BFO ehnique: he Grph is plotted nd it is shown in Fig 7. Fig. 7: Closed loop response for BFO From the grph, it is inferred tht in this tehnique, the settling time is very muh redued when ompred to the onventionl PI ontroller.. PSO ehnique: he Grph is plotted nd it is shown in Fig 8.

8 9 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - Fig. 8: Closed loop response for PSO From the grph, it is inferred tht this tehnique shows the optimum result by drstilly reduing the settling time nd the rise time. 5. Regultory problem: It is observed from Fig.9, Fig. nd Fig. tht ompred to both IMC nd BFO tehnique, the PSO tehnique tes immedite ontrol tion nd settles the system quily. Fig. 9: Regultory response for IMC Fig. : Regultory response for BFO Fig. : Regultory response for PSO 6. Servo response: It is observed from Fig., Fig. nd Fig. tht on omprison with IMC nd BFO ontroller tehniques, the PSO tehnique shows good set-point tring with minimum devitions.

9 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - Fig. : Servo response for IMC Fig. : Servo response for BFO Fig. : Servo response for PSO B. Comprtive nlysis: ble IV: Comprtive nlysis omprtive nlysis is shown in ble. IV nd it is found tht IMC tehnique tes long time to settle wheres BFO shows better response by reduing the settling nd the rise time. It is seen tht the PSO tehnique produes n optiml response by improving the dynmi performnes in terms of rise time nd settling time.

10 Komthi C et l., 7/dvnes in Nturl nd pplied Sienes. (7 My 7, Pges: - Conlusion: qudruple tn system is populr MIMO proess whih is very diffiult to ontrol. Conventionl IMC PI ontroller, BFO nd PSO ontrollers re designed nd their performnes re evluted in MLB simultion for qudruple tn system. he min drwb of the onventionl IMC-PI ontroller is tht the tuning prmeter remins onstnt nd it settles very slowly due to whih the performne is ffeted. o overome this issue, the BFO nd PSO tuning method is inorported. It ws observed tht PSO method settles the system very quily due to whih the proess beomes effiient. REFERENCES. Effendi Rusli, Siong ng, Rihrd D Brtz,. Qudruple n Proess Control Experiment, ChE Division of SEE.. Jyprsh, J.,. Senthil Rjn,. Hrish Bbu,. nlysis of Modelling Methods of Qudruple n System, Interntionl Journl of dvned Reserh in Eletril, Eletronis nd Instrumenttion Engineering, : 8.. Mrtin, J., Hyes, S.M. Mhdi lvi, 6. Quntittive Feedb Design for Benhmr Qudruple n Proess, ISSC 6, Dublin Institute of ehnology.. Krl Henri Johnsson,. he Qudruple-n Proess: Multivrible Lbortory Proess with n djustble Zero, IEEE rnstions on ontrol systems tehnology, 8:. 5. Ujjwl Mniy Nth, Sswti Dtt, Chnhl Dey, 5. Centrlized uto-uned IMC-PI Controllers for Rel ime Coupled n Proess Interntionl Journl of Siene, ehnology & Mngement, :. 6. Vipul Shrm, S.S. Pttni, nuj Grg,. Review of Bteril Forging Optimiztion nd Its pplitions, Proeedings of Interntionl Journl of Computer pplitions. 7. Lee Foo, Mhmud Iwn Solihin, Moey Lep Ken,. uning of PID Controller Using Prtile Swrm Optimiztion (PSO, Proeeding of the Interntionl Conferene on dvned Siene, Engineering nd Informtion ehnology.