v 24 m a = 5.33 Δd = 100 m[e] m[e] m[e] Δd = 550 m[e] BLM 2-6: Chapter 2 Test/Assessment Δd = + 10 s [E] uuv a = (10 0) s uuv a = (20 0)s

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1 BLM -6: Chapter Tet/Aeent. (a) D (b) Δd (0 ) ( 0 [E]) + 0 ( 0 [E]) ( ) + 0 [E] Δd 00 [E] + 00 [E] + 50 [E] Δd 550 [E] (c) Refer to the calculation below. A) B) uu (0 0) [E] a [E] (0 0) uu (0 0) [E] a 0 [E] (0 0) uu (30 0) [E] C) a [E] (30 0) (d) uu (30 0) [E] a ae (30 0) 0.5 [E] (e) The lope of the tangent i found at 33. uu [E] a Δ 3.0 [E] 3.0 [W] t Δ 4. (a) dynaic (b) otion (c) area (d) tangent 3. (a) u Δdf a 60 (3 ) a (9 ) a( ) a( ) 4 a 4.5 a 5.33 Δd + f Δ t () ()

2 4. When the errari catche up to the Jaguar, they will hae traelled the ae ditance during the ae tie interal. The Jaguar i 80 k ahead, which the errari ut ake up. k h Δ d Δd k k ( t) ( t) h h k h errari k ( Δ t) + ( Δ ) k 60 t 00 Δ 60 Δ 80 k ( t) 40 Δ 80 k h Jaguar k d errari h Δ 00 h 00 k The errari catche up to the Jaguar after traelling 00 k. h BLM 3-: Kineatic Equation/Skill Builder Anwer. a f. Δd + f Δ t (a) f a (b) f + a f (c) a Δd f (a) Δd (b) f (c) Δ d + f 3. Δd + 4. Δd f a a (a) Δd Δd a (b) ( ) a (a) f Δ d + f a (b) ( ) α Δ d

3 . area of rectangle f f area of triangle Δ Δ i Since t i t f t Δ a, the area of the triangle can be written a a or aδ t. Thu, the haded are under the graph Δd i equal to the area of the rectangle inu the area of the triangle. Δd f aδ t BLM 4-: Chapter 4 Tet/Aeent Anwer. (a) : The branch of phyic that explain why object oe the way they do i called dynaic.. (b) T (c) T (d) : The force of friction i independent on the area (e) T u u g u 30.0 N[down] u 3.06 kg g 9.8 [down] of contact. 3. When an object exert a force on a flat urface, that urface will exert a force back on the object in a direction perpendicular to the urface. Such a force i called a noral force. 4. (a) (b) g T g ( 4. kg) N T

4 5. f app μ f N μg ( ) app kg N 6. (a) (b) f f μ μ N μg g 75 N f ( 65 kg) BLM 5-7: Chapter 5 Tet/Aeent Anwer. firt. econd 3. an equal 4. the net force acting on it i zero 5. terinal elocity 6. N 7. ipule 8. The net force i acting upward. u 9. a u ( 6.0 kg).0 [ forward] u 7 N forward [ ]

5 0. A the eleator low to a top, your acceleration i downward, o the net force on you i downward: u u net a Since a i negatie, net i negatie or downward. The net force on you i the u of the graitational force acting downward and the noral force of the eleator acting upward: u u u u net g + N < 0 ; therefore, N < u g. Since the noral force i le than the graitational force and the noral force i your apparent weight, your apparent weight would decreae.. The force exerted by your ar ucle and the force exerted by the rope are force acting on your hand.. (a) 3. (b) There i no net force on the boat, becaue it ha neither ertical nor horizontal acceleration. (c) Action-reaction pair are force that act on different object and hae equal agnitude but oppoite direction. The drawing how an actionreaction pair: The woan pull the boat with the ae force with which the boat pull her. u net( on eleator) u u cable + g a u u cable + g a u u cable a g u cable cable a 3 ( ) N upward.0 0 kg [ ] Since the cable i exerting an upward force on the eleator, the eleator i exerting a downward force of. 0 4 N on the cable. 4. (a) g g g g N 9.8 (b) 5. (a) kg The a of the rocket i kg. u a u a net engine u + g 7 7 (.5 0 N) (.0 0 N) a kg a.45 [ upward] The acceleration of the rocket i.5 / [upward]. (c) i + at ( 7.0in) 60 in [ upward] The rocket reache a elocity of /[upward]. + a i i Δ t a Δ t 9.8 Δ t 4.59 It take the flare 4.59 to reach it highet point.

6 4. (a) g g g g (b) 5. (a) N kg The a of the rocket i kg. u a u a net engine u + g 7 7 (.5 0 N) (.0 0 N) a kg a.45 [ upward] The acceleration of the rocket i.5 / [upward]. (c) i + at ( 7.0in) 60 in [ upward] The rocket reache a elocity of /[upward]. + a i i Δ t a Δ t 9.8 Δ t 4.59 It take the flare 4.59 to reach it highet point.

7 (b) Δ d i + a Δ d Δ d ( ) The flare rie to.03 0 aboe ground. 6. (a) (b) Δ d iδ t+ a Δ d 0 + g Δd Δ t g ( ) 8.00 Δ t 9.8 Δ t.8 The acorn i in the air for.8. + a i ( ) 7. u u Δ t Δp u f ( ) i ( kg) ( 0 ) ( 3 ) u u.87 0 N The aerage force of the racquet on the ball wa.9 0 N. 8. Car are ade with buper that retract during a colliion in order to increae the tie of the colliion, thu reducing the force of the ipact. The acorn elocity i.5 /[downward] when it reache the ground. BLM 6-4: Chapter 6 Tet/Aeent Anwer. W Δd (0.0 N) (0.50 ) 5.0J. W gδh (0 kg) (9.80 ) (.8 ) J J 3. W Δd co θ (60 N) (5 ) (co 40 ) J J 4. E k (000 kg) (5 ) J J 5. W E k E k E k W 0

8 50 J (30 kg) ( ) (50 J) 3.3 / (3.0 kg) 6. E g gδh (65 kg) (9.80 ) (0.0 ) 6370J J 7. E g (top) E k (botto) 6370 J (6370) 4 / (65 kg) 8. The pring wa copreed approxiately Let the axiu copreion of the pring be x. Conider x to be in the ertical direction. Ue the quadratic equation to ole for x. E + E + E E + E + E g k e g k e gx + 0 J + kx gδ h J N (. kg) 9.8 ( x) 65 ( x) + (. kg) 9.8 (0.80 ) (. kg) N x +.58 kg x kg 0 b± b 4ac x a ± x (3.5) x or (.58) 4(3.5)( ) Since the a ha gone below the reference leel of x 0, the alue of x ut be negatie. Therefore, chooe the alue x.4.

9 9. (a) The pring contant of the diing board wa N/. kx k x g k λ N k N k.3 0 (b) At thi point, all of the elatic potential energy of the diing board i tranferred to the dier a kinetic energy. The dier axiu peed will be.3 /. E e + E k Ee + Ek 0 J + kx + 0 J kx N (0.55 ) 75.0 kg.3 (c) The dier kinetic energy i tranfored into graitational potential energy at the axiu height, which i 8 c aboe the board. E g + E k Eg + Ek gδ h + 0 J 0 J + Δ h g (.3 ) Δ h (9.8 ) Δh (a) Maxiu elatic potential energy of the pring: 9 J Ee kx N Ee 750 (0.8 ) E 9 J e

10 (b) Maxiu elocity of the ball: approxiately 5.4 / E k + E e Ek + Ee + 0 J 0 J + kx kx N ( ) 750 (0.8 ).0 kg 5.4 (c) Maxiu ertical height of the ball up the rap:.5 E + E E + E k g k g g h 0 J + Δ + 0 J Δ h g (5.4 ) Δ h (9.8 ) Δh.5. (a). P W g Δ h (000 kg) (9.8 ) ( ) W E 3. efficiency out 00% E in E in 00 J J

11 BLM 7-5: Chapter 7 Tet/Aeent Anwer. (a) oppoite (b) echanical (c) poitie, increae (d) coneratie (e) third (f) equal (g) ipule.(a) Speed of the roller coater at point B:.7 / E + E + E E + E k g heat k g + gδ h + E + gδh gδh E + + gδh B B heat A A B B heat A A B B ( gδh B Eheat + A + gδha) 4 kg kg ( ) (.4 0 J) + (.50 0 J) + (.47 0 ) B kg W ΔEg W gδh Q Q Q gained gained gained W cδ T Q Q Δ T c (.0 kg) 9.8 (979.0 ) J gained w gained J Δ T.0 kg(486 ) o ΔT.3 C J o kg C (b) The brake do work on the roller coater to reduce it kinetic energy to zero after 0.0. The frictional braking force i in the oppoite direction of the otion and i N. W ΔEk Δ d Ekf Eki 0 (900.0 kg)(.7 ) N 3. The water going oer the fall will increae in teperature by approxiately.3 C.

12 4. The aerage force of the racquet on the ball wa.9 0 N. Δ t Δp ( f i) ( kg) ( 0 ) ( 3 ) N 5. Car are ade with buper that retract during a colliion in order to increae the tie of the colliion, thu reducing the force of the ipact BLM 8-6: Chapter 8 Tet/Aeent Anwer. frequency, period, waelength, peed, aplitude..5 λ.67 / T.5 d 8 Δ t / 3. (a) Three waelength are hown. 4. (b) Waelength i 8 c. (c) Aplitude i 3 c. (d) Particle oe c during the paage of one wae. 5 5 f 0.4 Hz in 60 f / 5. If the original pule i erect, the tranitted pule i alo erect, but the reflected pule i inerted. 6. The height of the reultant wae i the u of the aplitude of the indiidual wae. 7. The ize of the opening hould be nearly the ae ize a the ize of one waelength. 8. Contructie, detructie

13 BLM 9-7: Chapter 9 Tet/Aeent Anwer. longitudinal. copreion, rarefaction 3. ocillocope 4. optically le dene 5. interference fringe 6. diffraction 7. one waelength 8. n air.00 niinθi nrinθr ni in5 (.00)in ni in ni n.7 i The index of refraction for the platic i fundaental frequency, f 8 Hz frequency of firt oertone f 56 Hz frequency of econd oertone 3f 384 Hz 0. frequency of firt haronic, f 56 Hz elocity of ound, 344 / f 4L L 4 f 344 / L 4(56 ) L The length of the air colun i The beat frequency i equal to the abolute alue of the difference between two frequencie. fbeat f f fbeat f beat 6 Hz 6 Hz 5 30 In fie econd, 30 beat will be heard. 0. frequency of firt haronic, f 56 Hz elocity of ound, 344 / f 4L L 4 f 344 / L 4(56 ) L The length of the air colun i The beat frequency i equal to the abolute alue of the difference between two frequencie. fbeat f f fbeat fbeat 6 Hz 6 Hz 5 30 In fie econd, 30 beat will be heard.. Δyd λ x λx Δy d 7 (0.800 )( ) Δy Δy 0.04 The ditance fro the central line to the firt-order line will be λ Δyd x