B i - level HID Lighting Contro l Design and Application Guide
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1 B i - level HID Lighting Contro l Design and Application Guide DMAPPS_1204
2 Design guide intro d u c t i o n I n t roduction W h i le High Intensity Discharge (HID) lighting is a popular lighting choice, these lights a re often left on co n t i n u a l ly due to the lengthy re st r i ke periods. Now, mandatory energ y codes are making co n t rol of HID lighting just as critical as co n t rolling any other type of lighting. Watt Sto p p e r s DM b i - level co n t rols make effe c t i ve HID co n t rol poss i b le by s w i tching lights from high to low. Realizing the full potential of co n t rolling HID lights re q u i res ca reful co n s i d e ration of a number of fa c to rs. This guide discusses each of these fa c to rs in addition to ex a m i n i n g four specific HID co n t rol applica t i o n s. In this guide you ll find deta i led steps fo r designing an HID co n t rol application using DM module s : 1. S e lecting the appro p r i a te DM module fo r the applica t i o n 2. C o n t rol method and dev i ce sele c t i o n 3. C o n t rol appro a c h e s 4. Wiring and insta l l a t i o n A p p l i cation ex a m p les for specific building space s Watt Sto p p e r / L e g ra n d s application experts are ava i l a b le for design support and ass i s- ta n ce on any lighting co n t rol question. Call our te c h n i cal support at S tep 1 - Select appro p r i a te DM module S e lecting the DM m o d u le T h e re are three diffe rent DM products in Watt Sto p p e r s line of bi-level HID co n t ro l s. Each is designed for diffe rent applications. DM-100 for re t rofitting ex i sting HID fixture s DM-105 for new fixtures or installation by fixture m a n u fa c t u re rs DM-105-WP for outdoor use 1
3 S tep 2 - Choosing co n t rol method and dev i ce S e lecting co n t ro l m e t h o d T h e re are many diffe rent co n t rol dev i ces to choose from to signal the DM modules fo r HID co n t rol: occupancy sensors, photo cells, time switches, or lighting co n t rol panels. M o re over, these products can be combined to achieve customized co n t rol of a particular fa c i l i t y. Outdoor motion sensor Occupancy sensors Lighting control panels Photocells Time switches I n te r m i t te n t ly used spaces benefit from installations that team the DM with occ u- pancy sensors. With photo cells, designers can maximize use of natural light by combining it with other co n t rol dev i ces to signal the DM modules. Time switches like the TS-400 enable users to cre a te co n s i stent HID co n t rol thro u g h- out a wo r k s p a ce. Lighting co n t rol panels provide ce n t ralized co n t rol for facilities that are best suite d for this type of co n t ro l. For additional guidelines on selecting the optimal co n t rol dev i ce, re fer to the pro d u c t specific design and application guides in this binder. C o n t rol inputs Combining co n t rol dev i ces is simple with DM m o d u les via the dual co n t rol inputs. These allow i n sta l le rs to connect the dev i ce to multiple co n- t rol dev i ces simulta n e o u s ly. Inputs # 3 and 4 on the DM port enable designers to connect a single DM or a series of DMs to different control devices, such as a photocell and time switch. 2
4 S tep 2 - Choosing co n t rol method and dev i ce S e lecting co n t ro l d ev i ce s I m p o r tant fa c to rs to consider when identifying the appro p r i a te co n t rol product for an HID lighting system include: D ev i ce mounting height Traffic patte r n s Ambient light levels F i x t u re lo ca t i o n s C o n t rol dev i ce mounting height The height at which the co n t rolling dev i ce can be mounted is important. For insta n ce, some HID systems are insta l led in facilities with ceiling heights exceeding 15 feet. Since this mounting height would diminish the effe c t i ve n e ss of ce r tain occupancy sensors (such as ultrasonic sensors), a PIR sensor (such as the CI-300 or CX-100, which can be m o u n ted at heights up to 40 feet) or a diffe rent co n t rol product altogether (such as a lighting co n t rol panel or photo cell) should be chosen. O ccupant traffic patte r n s The ways in which occupants move through a space also may influence the selection of the lighting co n t rol dev i ce to signal the DM co n t ro l le rs. For insta n ce, in a ware h o u s e, o ccupants may use a main aisle fre q u e n t ly and side aisles only occa s i o n a l ly. In this ca s e, s e lecting occupancy sensors to co n t rol zones based on occupancy will be a more effe c t i ve co n t rol method than co n t rolling the entire space s lighting co l le c t i ve ly with a lighting co n- t rol panel. Ambient light leve l s S o u rces of natural light, such as skylights, windows, and open loading docks offer the opportunity to supplement or re p l a ce artificial HID lighting during daylight hours in ce r- tain areas. Designers can ta ke adva n tage of this by supplementing a primary co n t ro l method, such as time scheduled co n t rol, with daylight re s p o n s i ve co n t rol via photo ce l l. P h o to cells would co n t rol ce r tain zones during daylight hours, while a lighting co n t ro l p a n e l s time clock would co n t rol the same area during night time hours. F i x t u re lo ca t i o n s The physical lo cation of some facility equipment, such as warehouse shelves, or even the H I D f i x t u res themselves may impact the effe c t i ve n e ss of particular co n t rol methods. Fo r i n sta n ce, in a warehouse, shelf height may impede the line of sight of a pass i ve infra re d sensor so that a pre fe r red method might be a time switch at the end of each aislew a y. 3
5 S tep 3 - Evaluating co n t rol appro a c h e s D i f fe rent facilities will call for diffe rent HID co n t rol st ra tegies. Usage patterns of the fa c i l- ity (defined as how many occupants use the space as well as how and when they use it) a re key to selecting the appro p r i a te ones. Ass e ssing how the space is being used will help the designer determine the optimal co n t rol st ra te g y. For HID co n t rol, two specific approaches can be imple m e n ted, either singly or co m b i n e d : Individual pinpoint co n t rol C ove rage co n t rol zones O f ten, both co n t rol approaches will be imple m e n ted in the same facility to provide approp r i a te co n t rol for areas with diffe rent usage patterns. P i n p o i n t co n t ro l Pinpoint co n t rol is one-to-one co n t rol; that is, a single dev i ce co n t rols a single HID fixt u re and DM. With this approach, individual co n t rols and individual DM modules are a t tached to individual HID fixtures. This is beneficial when occupancy and traffic patte r n s change ra p i d ly in specific areas. E x a m p le In a parking garage, occupancy-based pinpoint co n t ro l is sele c ted for turns on ramps or areas near eleva to rs b e cause traffic patterns in those areas can change ra p i d ly and unpre d i c ta b ly. P roducts Used DM-105-WP, 24 VDC o ccupancy sensor C ove ra g e co n t ro l C ove rage co n t rol invo lves creating zones of cove rage by linking multiple HID fixtures and their accompanying DM modules together and then connecting them to a single lighting co n t rol dev i ce. More than 100 individual HID fixtures and DM modules may be co n n e c te d in this manner. By creating these zones, users can co n t rol the light in specifica l ly defined a reas unifo r m ly. They can also acco m m o d a te the varying traffic and occupancy patterns of d i f fe rent areas more clo s e ly, resulting in gre a ter energy savings. E x a m p le S to c k room aisles are defined as individual zones co n- t ro l led by occupancy sensors, to re f lect their infre q u e n t use. The sto c k room loading dock area, however, is co n t ro l led by a ce n t ral co n t rol panel with preset hours of operation to re f lect its much more regular use. P roducts Used DM-100, lighting co n t ro l panel, 24 VDC occ u p a n c y s e n s o rs 4
6 S tep 4 - Wiring and insta l l a t i o n I n stalling DM m o d u les I n stalling an HID co n t rol system begins with identifying the appro p r i a te lo cations for both the DM module (if it is to be ex ternal to the fixture) as well as the co n t rol dev i ce. (See page 2 on selecting co n t ro l d ev i ce s ). A DM-100 can be insta l le d d i re c t ly on the HID fixture. When it will be insta l led this way, the co n t ra c tor should mount the module to the junction box above the fixture via a 1/2-inch knockout. DM modules may also be i n sta l led re m o te ly, such as on the girder or ra f ter fro m which the fixture is atta c h e d. Then, the insta l ler should connect the DM module to the junction box via co n d u i t. R e m o te installation must be Fixture-mounted DM- 100 within six feet of the fixture to co m p ly with National E lectric Code (NEC) provisions that re strict the le n g t h of flex i b le metal co n d u i t. Fixture-mounted DM- 105 For outdoor applications, a wate r p roof ve rsion of the DM is mounted to the fixture head. Wiring to the sensor can be accomplished via the provided outdoor ra ted wire on the ex ternal pole and cro ss members. A l te r n a t i ve ly, the ca b le can be ro u ted inside the pole, if wind loading is not adve rs e ly affe c ted by drilling into the pole. Remotely mounted DM-100 DM-105-WP Mounting 5
7 S tep 4 - Wiring and insta l l a t i o n Wiring DM m o d u les T h e re are two basic ways to wire DM modules depending on the model. The two wiring methods are determined by whether the dual ca p a c i tor, used to switch the ballast fro m a high level to a low level, is lo ca ted inside the fixture or inside the DM module. The ca p a c i tor values are dete r- mined by the type of ballast being co n t ro l led. It is important in all cases, to co n tact Watt Stopper to determine the co r rect dual level ca p a c i tor values for the fixture that will be co n t ro l led by the DM. The DM-100 is pre - w i red with the co r rect ca p a c i tor for the b a l l a st type inside the DM itself. For this reason, the D M-100 is best suited for re t rofit applications and can be m o u n ted re m o te ly from the fixture. Basic wiring of DM-100 with HID fixture in a retrofit application. DM-105 models come in a ve rsion for indoor applications, and a ve rsion for outdoor applications. The dual level ca p a c i tor is wired inside the fixture in applications using the DM A DM-105 can be used for new co n struction projects, where the ca p a c i tor is pre - i n sta l led in the fixture. It can also be used in re t rofit applications, where the ca p a c i tor is field insta l le d. Basic wiring of DM-105 with HID fixture for new or existing fixtures. Wiring of DM-105-WP for HPS fixtures 6
8 S tep 4 - Wiring and insta l l a t i o n I n stalling co n t ro l d ev i ce s In some applications, the co n t rol dev i ces will be lo ca ted on or near the HID f i x t u re and DM module (i.e., occupancy sensors, photo cells). To install these types of co n t rols, it is re commended that insta l le rs use specialized mounting bra c kets, such as the MB-1 or MB-2. Both bra c kets have been designed specifica l ly for Watt Stopper co n t rol dev i ce s, and include adjusta b le mounting plates for positioning the dev i ce at the appro p r i a te a n g le. I n sta l le rs use the MB-1 to mount co n t ro l s on walls, ceilings, or gird e rs. This bra c ke t is pre fe r red for installations where the co n t rol dev i ce is an occupancy sensor that will be covering aisleways or closed sto r- age areas. Mounting a sensor using the MB-1 bracket For insta n ce, in using the DM-100 with a CX sensor for aisleway entry cove r- age, the insta l ler would first mount the MB-1, then ensure it was level using the built-in bubble level on the bra c ke t. F i n a l ly, the insta l ler should adjust the a n g le of the sensor to the re co m m e n d e d e levation of 33 degrees. (For additional i n formation on sensor placement, see the a p p l i cation and design guide for occupancy sensors in this binder.) For outdoor co n t rols, an EW or EN series sensor should be mounted using the 1 / 2-inch knockout on a watertight, outdoor ra ted junction box. Fixture mounting bracket Designed specifica l ly for use with HID fixt u res, the MB-2 bra c ket provides the ability to install the co n t rol dev i ce dire c t ly on the f i x t u re re f le c to r. This option is pre fe r red fo r i n stalling co n t rol dev i ces in open are a s. With the MB-2 bra c ket, the insta l ler wo u l d f i rst mount the dev i ce, such as a photo ce l l, to the bra c ke t s adjusta b le mounting plate. Then, the bra c ket would be attached to the f i x t u re re f le c tor bell, secured to the rim by the three clamping screws. Once mounte d, the plate would be adjusted to the pro p e r p o s i t i o n. DM-100 Fixture-mounted photocell using the MB-2 bracket MB-2 bracket Photocell 7
9 Application Examples
10 B i - level HID co n t rol applica t i o n s Wa rehouse A p p l i cation description Wa rehouse with skylights and m u l t i p le diffe rent work are a s ( a i s leways, open areas, quality co n t rol opera t i o n s ). CI occupancy sensors Skylights LS-100 photocell (open area zones) C o n t rol needs Pinpoint and cove rage co n t ro l. Daylighting co n t rol. Auto m a t i c s h u toff when operating hours conclude for quality co n t ro l o p e rations area (remainder of facility is 24/7 operation). Quality control operations (pinpoint control) A warehouse design utilizes two types of occupancy sensors in different zones, as well as a zone controlled by a photocell. S o l u t i o n LS-100 in open area zone to signal DM modules to switch to low when daylight is adequate. Pinpoint co n t rol in aislew a y zones with CX-100 occupancy sens o rs. CI sensors provide ongoing co n t rol and automatic shutoff in quality co n t rol open a reas. CX-100 Occupancy sensor (aisleway zones) DM-100 mounted on HID fixture Pa r k i n g g a ra g e A p p l i cation description R o o fed parking garage open on all sides to outdoors. Lighting is opera ted co n t i n u a l ly; occupancy is sporadic during the late nighttime-early morning hours. C o n t rol needs S c h e d u led co n t rol throughout fa c i l- ity, with occupancy-based co n t ro l zones at crucial areas (i.e., eleva to rs and stairways, ramps, walkways). R e d u ce lighting around gara g e p e r i m e ter when daylight is adeq u a te. S o l u t i o n Lighting Inte g ra tor panel prov i d e s Coverage zones in specific areas, such as aisleways and areas around elevators, ensure that occupancy sensors will override a central control panel and switch lights to high when there is movement through the area. Other garage areas, such as the elevator area, remain on low levels while vacant. s c h e d u led co n t rol for 24/7 operation, with lower lighting levels facility-wide from dusk to dawn. Occupancy sensors co n t rol critical zones to override scheduled co n t rol and signal DM modules to switch HID lighting to high when occupied. Photo cells co n t rol perimete r lighting to signal DM modules to switch lighting to low levels when daylight levels beco m e sufficient. 9
11 B i - level HID co n t rol applica t i o n s G y m n a s i u m A p p l i cation description Gymnasiums often have occupancy patterns with regular usage over a co n s i stent time span as well as times when they are unoccupied or nearly va cant. For insta n ce, in the ve r y e a r ly mornings, little use may be made of the space except for mainte n a n ce pers o n n e l p reparing for the day s schedule. At lunchtime and late afternoons, activity may increase. C o n t rol needs R e d u ce light levels auto m a t i ca l ly when occupancy ends. Automatic shutoff when schedu led activities are concluded for the day. S o l u t i o n In cases where the gymnasium utilizes a lighting co n t rol panel, the facilities manager could co n f i g u re the co n t rol schedule to re f lect occupancy patterns. In addition, occ u p a n c y s e n s o rs could be used to override co n t rol schedules when desired. In other cases, a time switch (i.e., TS-400) may be the most co n venient co n t rol method both for mainte n a n ce personnel and occupants. By connecting all the DM modules and linking them to the TS-400, co n s i stent time-based co n t rol can be achieved from a single lo ca t i o n. On the left, the morning janitor switches lights with the time switch on the wall, which increases the gymnasium HID lamps to high. On the right, at the end of the day s activities, the time switch times out and the lights return to low. 10
12 B i - level HID co n t rol applica t i o n s O u t d o o r parking lo t A p p l i cation description Many times the HID lighting for outdoor parking lots turns on at dusk and off at dawn, even though the lo t may be used infre q u e n t ly. The ability to switch these HID lights from high to low when the lot is unocc u p i e d and bright light is not needed wo u l d s a ve co n s i d e ra b le energ y. C o n t rol needs S c h e d u led or photosensor co n t rol to keep lights off during daylight hours. Motion-based cove rage co n t ro l zones at light posts to bring lighting to full power when a car or pers o n e n te rs the space. Reduce light leve l s a u to m a t i ca l ly when occupancy ends. Four HID ballasts controlled by two motion sensors S o l u t i o n The DM-105-WP co u p led with an EW low vo l tage outdoor sensor can keep the HID lighting at a low level until the sensor detects a car driving into the lot or a person walking t h rough the lot. This co n t rol method is especially effe c t i ve for infre q u e n t ly used areas of the parking lot like the back or side of the building. The EW sensor or multiple sensors can simulta n e o u s ly co n t rol seve ral fixture heads on the same pole. In this way, outdoor HID lighting can be co n t ro l led just like warehouses or gymnasiums. 11
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