Vibration Measurement Instruments VIBER-A + Ver. 1.0

Transcription

1 VIBER-A + Manual Ver. 1.0

2 Our X series h-held instruments VIBER-A + VIBER X1 VIBER X2 VIBER X3 VIBER X5

3 Imptant Imptant infmation infmation Safety precautions Vibration measurement balancing balancing involves involves measurement measurement on rotating on rotating machines. Keep machines. a safe Keep distance a safe rotating distance parts secure rotating transducers parts. Secure transducers cables cables rotating parts. rotating Always follow parts. Always internal, local follow company, national security local national regulations! When wking with weights on r always secure start security regulations! switch with a locker also use emergency switch f double safety. This is especially imptant when machine is remote controlled. VMI International AB AB takes no our responsibility authized f dealers any accidents will take on no people machines. responsibility f eir damages on machines plants accidents on people as result use VIBER-A + measurements. VMI International AB our authized dealers will take no Even though great effts are made make infmation in responsibility f damages on machines plants as result this manual free errs make infmation complete f use VIBER X1 measurements. user, re could be items we have missed, because large amount infmation. As a result this, we might change crect se items Even in later though issues without great effts furr are notice. made Also changes make in infmation VIBER-A in + this equipment manual may free take place errs that affect make accuracy infmation this infmation. complete f user, re could be items we have missed, because large amount infmation. As a result this, we might change crect se items in later issues without furr notice. Also changes in VIBER X1 equipment may take place that affect accuracy infmation. 3

4 Instrument overview Instrument overview The VIBER-A + is a ptable vibrometer be used in The VIBER preventive X1 is pro-active a ptable maintenance Vibrometer wk, be especially used in on preventive rotating active machinery. maintenance A complete wk, set especially consists on an rotating instrument, machinery. st carrying bag, a vibration transducer with magnet suppt. A complete VIBER-A set + consist measures an instrument, velocity (mm/s carrying RMS) bag, in a vibration two transducer frequency with ranges magnet 10 suppt Hz 2 charger. Hz maximum frequency VIBER (16000 X1 Hz is depending measuring on version effective VIBER-A velocity + (mm/s transducer). The instrument has capability measure up 40 RMS) in frequency range 2 maximum frequence. The range can be khz, limiting facr is accelerometer. set by adjustable filters, high pass filters can be set 2 Hz 10 Hz, low pass This filters range covers can be most set at frequencies Hz maximum that will occur frequency. f This range majity covers most mechanical failures frequencies defects. that will Examples occur f majity are unbalance, mechanical looseness, failures resonance, imperfections. misalignment Examples shafts, are unbalance, defective looseness, gear boxes resonance, cavitation misalignment fluid shafts generated gears, cavitations vibrations. fluid generated vibrations. The judgements measured levels are suppted by several vibration VIBER-A stards The close Hz comparison designed f between companies vibration that uses recommendation ISO This stard, is used levels actual wear machinery will build up local f decades around wld. knowledge. The vibration This experience alerts are suppted should be by used several vibration optimise stards. required The close when comparison higher vibrations between are vibration found. levels type action A common actual machinery stard f wear judgement will build up vibrations your knowledge. is ISO Use may this be experience available determine domestic action stardisation required when authity. high This stard vibrations is are an found. upgrade older stards that has been in use f several decades has a wldwide acceptance as a good judgement f continuous long lasting operation machinery. 4

5 Functions Start Power on instrument Press On/Off start key instrument starts measure vibration, default is Hz 2 Hz maximum frequency range depending on version. The instrument shuts f aumatically after approximately 4 minutes if no key is pressed. Bearing condition Start measuring vibration on machine n, press symbol key f bearing condition measurement. The instrument measures instantaneously a Bearing Condition value in range between 500 Hz Hz. To return vibration measurement, press symbol again. 5

6 Measuring point location Measurements should be taken on bearing housing as close as possible in hizontal, vertical axial directions. This is also explained in stard ISO V V 6

7 How How make good make measurements good measurements The sensitivity The sensitivity direction direction transducer coincides with centre axis center axis transducer. transducer. The Place transducer accelerometer end (with on magnetic measurement suppt) is point. pushed Wait firmly a few seconds against f measurement accelerometer point. The come main purpose a steady state is make reduce noise complete transducer accelero-tmeter. If you are connecting a non-magnetic surface, push fully participate in motion measurement point. Try firmly against measurement point. Make sure it is a proper hold transducer in a vertical, hizontal axial direction as contact with machine. If measurement are taken on a possible, curved even surface, if machine make sure surface accelerometer does not have is attached se directions. not moving Read back instrument fth. Measure held with a vertical, free hizontal h. Note a stable reading axial direction, as well if as possible. a fluctuating Note if one, reading since is stable fluctuation fluctuating. valuable The infmation non-stable reading regarding is also valuable reason infmation itself is vibration. used determine vibration cause. When When transducer transducer is mounted is mounted with with magnet magnet, frequency reliable frequency range measurement is reduced about 2000 range measurement is reduced about Hz 3000 Hz depending on flatness contact between depending on flatness measuring surface. magnet surface. Note! Note! Using magnet can change bearing condition value. When using High frequency magnet vibration bearing can sometimes condition be value difficult can be collect substantially because changed. high vibration does not transmit through machine Vibrations f long at high distances. frequencies Pressing can sometimes transducer me cause firmly measurement should lack not confidence. change Pressing reading. If in transducer doubt, always me try firmly adjust should contact point first. Secondly, if necessary, mount transducer with M6 stud. not change reading. If in doubt, always try adjust contact point first. Secondly, if necessary, mount transducer 7

8 hizontal All nmal axial measurements directions. on The vertical reason hizontal is that you machinery should keep should main stiffness follow directions three perpendicular caused by axes nmal true non vertical, symmetrical properties hizontal foundation, axial directions. piping, suppts etc. It will result in better understing if basic measurements are made in this way. The VIBER-A + is mainly intended f measurements against machinery housing bearings. And designed f fans, pumps, chemical ms compresss. VIBER-A The VIBER X1 + can also be used measure components is mainly intended f measurements against such as piping, valves, etc. housing bearings machinery accding intentions Note: stards. In some You cases, can also mass use it transducer measure may influence parts such as piping, reading. valves, A etc. good Note rule that is in avoid some readings cases on things mass that transducer have only may 2-3 influence times mass reading. transducer. A good rule is consider readings on surfaces that are lower in mass than 10 times mass transducer. 8

9 How How interpret interpret vibration vibration measurements A user with no previous experience, we recommend use A user ISO with no previous stard. experience interpret results is recommended use ISO stard. The stard nmally calls f a velocity measurement in The stard mm/s RMS. nmally To better calls underst f a measure what this in measurement velocity based on mm/s means, RMS. think To better it as underst how fast what machine this measure is means it can moving back fth. This measure gives a good understing amount break down energy, causing mainly be helpful consider reading as a mean value back fward wear motion. fatigue This in measure machine gives a good structure. understing amount break down energy, causing mainly wear fatigue wk, The in instrument machine measures structure tal RMS being vibration measured. value in frequency range. This RMS value is average sum all The instrument measured vibrations. is measuring tal RMS-value vibration in actual frequency range. This RMS-value is an average sum all Example: measured vibrations. If simultaneous vibration caused by unbalance is (4mm/s), by misalignment (2 mm/s) by gear mesh (5 mm/s) n tal vibration measured with VIBER-A Example: + is 6.7 mm/s. If simultaneous vibration caused by unbalance is (4mm/s), by misalignment Total vibration (2 mm/s) = 4 * 4 + by 2 * 2 + gear 5 * 5 mesh = 6.7mm (5 mm/s) n tal vibration measured with VIBER X1 is 6.7 mm/s. Notice that a reduction unbalance 4 mm/s 1 Total mm/s vibration will reduce = 4 * 4 tal + 2 * value * 56, = 76.7mm mm/s 5, 5 mm/s. Notice that a reduction unbalance 4 mm/s 1 mm/s will reduce tal value 6, 7 mm/s 5, 5 mm/s. 9

10 The ISO The stard ISO stard is classifying classifies machines machines differently differently machi- if machines are are flexible considered rigid. as This flexible reflects rigid location mounted. machine s This reflects location stiff-body resonance machines related stiff-body basic resonance s running speed related basic machine. running speed machine. F example, a machine suppted by rubber springs have a F instance, a machine springs have resonance at low running speeds. The machine starts vibrate at resonance s at low running speeds. The machine starts vibrate a low RPM. When speed is increased above se resonance at certain frequencies, low rpm. vibration When is reduced. speed is This increased machine above is considered se resonance flexible. frequencies vibration is reduced. This machine is considered flexible. Resonance is easily found when a flexible machine is running up A resonance down can in speed. easily The be resonances found when are located a flexible at machine speed where is running up vibration down has a in local speed. maximum The resonances level. are located at rpm s Extraction s where vibration ISO has a local maximum level. Industrial machines with power above 15kW nominal speeds between RPM. Group 1: Large machines with rated power above 300kW. Electrical machines with shaft height H > 315mm. Operating speed ranges RPM. Group 2 1 Group 4 3 mm/s Rigid Rigid Flex. Flex. mm/s Group 2: Medium-sized machines with a rated power above 15kW up including 300kW. Electrical machines with shaft height between 160 < H < 315 mm. Operating speed nmally above 600 RPM. 10

11 Modern Group machines 3: ten run at high speed bearing-suppts are flexible, Pumps with foundations multivane should/can impeller be with evaluated separate as driver flexible, with even when rated it is not power mounted above 15kW. on rubber springs. The ISO Group : stard allows f slightly higher limits when a foundation Pumps with is considered multivane impeller flexible than with when integrated if it is driver rigid. A conclusion with rated power this above is also 15kW. that a resonance condition in principle is not allowed at least must be avoided at operating Modern machines ten run at high speed bearingsuppts In practice are flexible, this also foundations includes should/can double be speed evaluated as well as as speeds. any flexible, natural even excitation when is not frequency mounted such on rubber as blade springs. passage etc. A great The advantage ISO with stard proper allows vibration f slightly measurements higher limits when a foundation is considered flexible than rigid. A conclusion this is a resonance condition should not be allowed use vibration stards is that you can judge future maintenance at least cost must reliably be avoided already at operating at first start-up. speeds. In If practice, you find levels this above also 3 includes mm/s RMS, double you speed can be as rar well as sure any that natural machine will cause excitation increased frequency activities such as in blade maintenance. passage. The specific cost action is course individual A great advantage with proper vibration measurements machine design. use vibration stards is that you can judge future maintenance cost reliably at start-up. If you find levels above The next 3 mm/s logical RMS, step it s is a risk refe that machine apply me will have advanced higher analyzers maintenance like VIBER cost. The X2, specific X3 cost X5 action learn is specific frequency behind machine vibration design. thus exact mechanical fault. The practice this is beyond scope this manual. The next logical step if you want improve accuracy measurements is use me advanced analyzers like VIBER X2, X3 X5 learn detect frequency behind vibration thus exact mechanical fault. The practice this is beyond scope this manual. 11

12 Recommended vibration levels in mm/s Recommended vibration levels in mm/s common findings common The findings following is an extraction part old stard ISO 2372 class 4, large machines on flexible foundations, with The following some common is in findings part an added. extraction old stard ISO 2372 class Use 4, large this simplified machines list on as flexible a first indication, foundations, when with approaching some common findings a newly commissioned added. machine after some time in operation. Investigate reason f any machine that vibrates This simplified above 3 mm/s list RMS. can be used, as a first indication, when approaching a machine newly commissioned after some 0 3 mm/s time in operation. Small vibrations - None very small bearing wear. Rar Take as lownoise a rule level. investigate reason f any machine that vibrates above 33 mm/s 7 mm/s RMS. Noticeable vibration levels are ten concentrated some specific 0 3 part mm/s as well as direction machine. Visible Small bearing vibrations wear. - Seal None problems very occur small in bearing pumps wear. increased Rar low noise noise level. level. Keep machine under observation measure at smaller time intervals than befe detect a deteriation trend 3 if any. 7 mm/s Compare vibrations operating variables mm/s Noticeable vibration levels ten concentrated some specific Large vibrations. Bearings running hot. Bearing wear-out part as causes well frequent as direction replacements. machine. Seals wear Visible out, leakage bearing wear. all Seal problems kinds evident. occur Cracks in pumps in welding increased concrete noise foundations. level. Keep machine Screws under bolts observation are loosening. High measure noise at level. smaller Plan action time intervals than soonest. befe Do your detect best a deteriation discover cause. trend You if any. are wearing Compare down vibrations investments quickly. operating variables. 12

13 Recommended vibration mm/s mm/s levels in mm/s Large Very vibrations. large vibrations Bearings running high noise hot. levels. Bearing This wear-out is detrimental common findings cause safe operation machine. Sp operation if technically economically possible. Few machines can withst frequent replacements. Seals wear out, leakage all kinds evident. The Cracks following this level welding without is in part damage. concrete an extraction Reduce foundations. any furr old Screws running stard time ISO bolts 2372 are class loosening. an 4, large absolute High machines minimum. noise level. on flexible Plan action foundations, soonest. with Do your some best common reveal findings reason. added. You are wearing down investments quickly. This simplified 18 mm/s list can be used, Bearing as a first condition indication, symbol when approaching Very large vibrations a machine newly high commissioned noise levels. This after is detrimental some time safe in operation. machine. Sp operation if technically Take economically as a rule possible investigate considering reason f plant any machine sp cost. that Few vibrates machines above can 3 withst mm/s RMS. this level without damage. Reduce any Press bearing symbol. The instrument measures bearing condition value. Bearing condition value is RMS value furr all running high frequency time vibrations an absolute in minimum. range 500 Hz Hz. Bearing 0 3 mm/s condition are measured in unit g. Small vibrations - None very small bearing wear. Rar low noise level. Bearing condition value 3 7 mm/s Noticeable We use vibration acceleration levels because ten high concentrated frequencies give some a larger specific signal part as well compared as direction velocity, if machine. measured Visible in acceleration. bearing wear. When balls rollers rotate inside bearing, a wide-b noise Seal problems occur in pumps increased noise level. Keep vibration occurs. This noise vibration increase if machine bearing under is poly observation lubricated, overloaded measure due at smaller misalignment time intervals than has befe a damaged detect surface. a deteriation trend if any. Compare If vibrations selected frequency b operating includes variables. low frequencies, bearing condition value would also include vibrations unbalance, misalignment, etc. not only bearing vibrations. 13

14 If selected frequency b only includes very high frequency noise vibrations, we would need special vibration transducers that are very rigidly closely mounted bearing because machine structure wks as a mechanical filter f high frequencies. VIBER-A + measures bearing condition value between 500 Hz 16 khz. Nmal machinery vibrations rarely have vibrations above 500 Hz. Note! A high bearing condition value is an indication a recommendation continue with fault analysis. High bearing condition values can appear at gear boxes, converting machines with cutters similar machines without any bearing faults because y naturally produce frequencies above 500 Hz. 14

15 machine structure wks as a mechanical filter f high frequencies. Bearing condition value with unit g RMS VIBER X1 is measuring bearing condition value between The diagram below is a guide identify bearing condition value. If vibrations causes (e.g. flow surge, gear 500 Hz 20 khz. Within this frequency range a common experience exist in evaluation bearing condition level. mesh) are within in frequency range Hz this Nmal can machinery give a high vibrations bearing condition rarely value, have vibrations without above bearing 500 Hz. being damaged. A high bearing condition value can also be is poly indicated lubricated if bearing overloaded. is poly lubricated overloaded. is poly lubricated overloaded. Note! A high bearing condition value is an indication a recommendation continue with fault analysis. High bearing condition values can appear at gear boxes, converting machines with cutters similar machines without any bearing faults because y naturally produce frequencies above 500 Hz. 15

16 Technical data VIBER-A + Vibration transducer Accelerometer Stard nom 100 mv/g (Adjusted instrument) Input amplitude range Vibration Bearing condition Max 20 g RMS Max 20 gbc With sens up 200 g Dynamic range 60 db (159 Hz) Frequency range Vibration Bearing condition Hz Hz khz Note 1, Note 2 Vibration BC units mm/s g-value Amplitude presentation Signal processing Accuracy RMS Analogue Vibration ± 3 % Note 3 Bearing condition ± 5 % Note 4 Battery Alkaline AAA Note 5 Operating time LED display Enclosure protection Operating temp. range Min 12 hours continuous measuring 7 segment IP C Weight 285 gram Note 6 Size (L x W x H) 125mm x 70mm x 40mm 16

17 Technical data VIBER-A + Note 1. Frequency range depending on version VIBER-A +. Note 2. Maximum frequency depending on transducer. Note 3. Full scale is 199,9 mm/s f vibration. Note 4. Over 0,05 gbc Note 5. External charged NiMH AAA can be used. Note 6. Instrument, including battery transducer. Obs. You should avoid using accelerometers because instrument calibration. If you change accelerometer, instrument must be calibrated preserve accuracy. 17

18 Technical specifications f VMI 192 We reserve right modify improve designs specifications our products at any time without notice. Declaration confmity VMI declares that Viber-A + is manufactured in confmity with national international regulations. The system complies with, is tested accding, following requirements: EMC Directive: Low Voltage Directive: 8 August /108/EC 2006/95/EC 8 August 2011 Vibration Measurement Instrument International AB 18 (VMI)

19 Warranty Warranty disclaimer disclaimer VMI VMI warrants warrants products products be be free free defects defects in in material material wkmanship wkmanship under under nmal nmal use use service service within within two 2 years years date date purchase purchase which which our our examination examination shall shall disclose disclose our our reasonable reasonable satisfaction satisfaction be be defective. defective. Warranty Warranty claimed claimed products products shall shall be be returned returned prepaid prepaid VMI VMI f f service. service. We We reserve reserve right right repair repair replace replace defective defective products. products. Always Always try try explain explain nature nature any any service service problem; problem by by filling in telephone. fm found Check on first website all natural problems, like empty attach batteries, it in an broken VMI. cables, Check etc. If first returning all natural problems, product, be like sure empty indicate batteries, that broken purpose cables, is etc. make If returning repairs indicate product, be iginal sure indicate invoice number that purpose date is make shipment. repairs indicate iginal invoice number date shipment. Warranty Warranty exclusions exclusions Damage Damage not not resulting resulting a defect defect in in material material wkmanship wkmanship by by than than nmal nmal use. use. Damage Damage resulting resulting repairs repairs perfmed perfmed than than by by an an authized authized service service centre. center. The The limited limited two two year year remedies remedies contained contained herein herein are are in in lieu lieu all all warranties, warranties, expressed expressed implied implied including including any any merchantability merchantability any any fitness fitness f f a particular particular purpose, purpose, all all remedies, remedies, obligations obligations liabilities liabilities on on our our part. part. In In addition, addition, we we hereby hereby disclaim disclaim liability liability f f consequential consequential damages damages f f breach breach any any expressed expressed implied implied,, including any implied including any implied merchantability merchantability any implied any implied fitness fitness f a particular f a particular purpose. purpose. The duration The duration any implied any implied which which might exist might by exist operation by operation law shall law be shall limited be limited one year one year date iginal date iginal retail retail purchase. purchase. NOTE: NOTE: Some Some countries countries do do not not allow allow exclusion exclusion limitation limitation consequential consequential damages, damages, some some countries countries do do not not allow allow limitation limitation on on how how long long an an implied implied lasts, lasts, so so above above exclusions exclusions limitations limitations may may not not apply apply you. you. This This gives gives you you specific specific legal legal rights rights you you may may also also have have rights rights that that vary vary country country country. country. If If you you have have problems problems with with your your instrument instrument during during after after period, period, first first contact contact your your distribur distribur you you purchased purchased unit unit.. 19

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