CPO Science Foundations of Physics. Unit 8, Chapter 26
|
|
|
- Fay Morton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CPO Science Foundations of Physics Unit 8, Chapter 26
2 Unit 8: Matter and Energy Chapter 26 Heat Transfer 26.1 Heat Conduction 26.2 Convection 26.3 Radiation
3 Chapter 26 Objectives 1. Explain the relationship between temperature and thermal equilibrium. 2. Explain how heat flows in physical systems in terms of conduction, convection, and radiation. 3. Apply the concepts of thermal insulators and conductors to practical systems. 4. Describe free and forced convection and recognize these processes in real-life applications. 5. Identify the relationship between wavelength, color, infrared light, and thermal radiation. 6. Calculate the heat transfer in watts for conduction, convection, and radiation in simple systems. 7. Explain how the three heat-transfer processes are applied to evaluating the energy efficiency of a house or building.
4 Chapter 26 Vocabulary Terms infrared windchill factor thermal insulator thermal equilibrium forced convection R-value convection blackbody spectrum thermal conductivity thermal conductor blackbody heat transfer thermal radiation free convection heat transfer coefficient conduction
5 26.1 Heat Conduction Key Question: How does heat pass through different materials? *Students read Section 26.1 AFTER Investigation 26.1
6 26.1 Heat Transfer The science of how heat flows is called heat transfer. There are three ways heat transfer works: conduction, convection, and radiation. Heat flow depends on the temperature difference.
7 26.1 Thermal Equilibrium Two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with each other when they have the same temperature. In nature, heat always flows from hot to cold until thermal equilibrium is reached.
8 26.1 Heat Conduction Conduction is the transfer of heat through materials by the direct contact of matter. Dense metals like copper and aluminum are very good thermal conductors.
9 26.1 Heat Conduction A thermal insulator is a material that conducts heat poorly. Heat flows very slowly through the plastic so that the temperature of your hand does not rise very much.
10 Styrofoam gets its insulating ability by trapping spaces of air in bubbles. Solids usually are better heat conductors than liquids, and liquids are better conductors than gases Heat Conduction
11 26.1 Heat Conduction The ability to conduct heat often depends more on the structure of a material than on the material itself. Solid glass is a thermal conductor when it is formed into a beaker or cup. When glass is spun into fine fibers, the trapped air makes a thermal insulator.
12
13 26.1 Thermal Conductivity The thermal conductivity of a material describes how well the material conducts heat.
14 26.1 Thermal Conductivity Heat conduction in solids and liquids works by transferring energy through bonds between atoms or molecules.
15 26.1 Heat Conduction Equation Thermal conductivity (watts/m o C) Area of cross section (m 2 ) Heat flow (watts) P H = k A (T 2 -T 1 ) L Temperature difference ( o C) Length (m)
16 26.1 Variables for conduction
17 26.1 Calculate Heat Transfer A copper bar connects two beakers of water at different temperatures. One beaker is at 100 C and the other is at 0 C. The bar has a cross section area of m 2 and is one-half meter (0.5 m) long. How many watts of heat are conducted through the bar from the hot beaker to the cold beaker? The thermal conductivity of copper is 401 W/m C.
18 26.2 Convection Key Question: Can moving matter carry thermal energy? *Students read Section 26.2 AFTER Investigation 26.2
19 26.2 Convection Convection is the transfer of heat by the motion of liquids and gases. Convection in a gas occurs because gas expands when heated. Convection occurs because currents flow when hot gas rises and cool gas sink. Convection in liquids also occurs because of differences in density.
20
21 26.2 Convection When the flow of gas or liquid comes from differences in density and temperature, it is called free convection. When the flow of gas or liquid is circulated by pumps or fans it is called forced convection.
22 26.2 Convection Convection depends on speed. Motion increases heat transfer by convection in all fluids.
23 26.2 Convection Convection depends on surface area. If the surface contacting the fluid is increased, the rate of heat transfer also increases. Almost all devices made for convection have fins for this purpose.
24 26.2 Forced Convection Both free and forced convection help to heat houses and cool car engines.
25 26.2 Convection and Sea Breezes On a smaller scale near coastlines, convection is responsible for sea breezes. During the daytime, land is much hotter than the ocean. A sea breeze is created when hot air over the land rises due to convection and is replaced by cooler air from the ocean. At night the temperature reverses so a land breeze occurs.
26 26.2 Convection Currents Much of the Earth s climate is regulated by giant convection currents in the ocean.
27 26.2 Heat Convection Equation Heat transfer coefficient (watts/m 2o C) Area contacting fluids (m 2 ) Heat flow (watts) P H = h A (T 2 -T 1 ) Temperature difference ( o C)
28 26.2 Calculating convection The surface of a window is a temperature of 18 C (64 o F). A wind at 5 C (41 o F) is blowing on the window fast enough to make the heat transfer coefficient 100 W/m 2 C. How much heat is transferred between the window and the air if the area of the window is 0.5 square meters?
29 26.3 Radiation Key Question: How does heat from the sun get to Earth? *Students read Section 26.3 AFTER Investigation 26.3
30 26.3 Radiation Radiation is heat transfer by electromagnetic waves. Thermal radiation is electromagnetic waves (including light) produced by objects because of their temperature. The higher the temperature of an object, the more thermal radiation it gives off.
31
32 26.3 Radiant Heat We do not see the thermal radiation because it occurs at infrared wavelengths invisible to the human eye. Objects glow different colors at different temperatures.
33 A rock at room temperature does not glow. The curve for 20 C does not extend into visible wavelengths. As objects heat up they start to give off visible light, or glow. At 600 C objects glow dull red, like the burner on an electric stove Radiant Heat
34 26.3 Radiant Heat As the temperature rises, thermal radiation produces shorterwavelength, higher energy light. At 1,000 C the color is yelloworange, turning to white at 1,500 C. If you carefully watch a bulb on a dimmer switch, you see its color change as the filament gets hotter. The bright white light from a bulb is thermal radiation from an extremely hot filament, near 2,600 C.
35 26.3 Radiant Heat The graph of power versus wavelength for a perfect blackbody is called the blackbody spectrum.
36 26.3 Radiant Heat A perfect blackbody is a surface that reflects nothing and emits pure thermal radiation. The white-hot filament of a bulb is a good blackbody because all light from the filament is thermal radiation and almost none of it is reflected from other sources. The curve for 2,600 C shows that radiation is emitted over the whole range of visible light.
37
38 A star is a near-perfect blackbody Radiant Heat The distribution of energy between different wavelengths (colors) depends strongly on the temperature. Sirius is a hot, young star about twice as big as the sun and 22 times as bright. Because its temperature is hotter, Sirius appears bluer than the sun.
39 26.3 Radiant Heat The total power emitted as thermal radiation by a blackbody depends on temperature (T) and surface area (A). Real surfaces usually emit less than the blackbody power, typically between 10 and 90 percent. The Kelvin temperature scale is used in the Stefan-Boltzmann formula because thermal radiation depends on the temperature above absolute zero.
40 26.3 Stefan-Boltzmann formula Surface area (m 2 ) Power (watts) P = s AT 4 Stefan-Boltzmann constant 5.67 x 10-8 watts/m 2 K 4 ) Absolute temperature (K)
41 26.3 Calculate Radiant Power The filament in a light bulb has a diameter of 0.5 millimeters and a length of 50 millimeters. The surface area of the filament is m 2. If the temperature is 3,000 K, how much power does the filament radiate?
42 26.3 Radiant Heat When comparing heat transfer for a pot 10 cm above a heating element on a stove, radiant heat accounts for 74% How is heat transferred when the pot sits on the element?
43 Application: Energy-efficient Buildings
There are four phases of matter: Phases of Matter
HEAT SCIENCE There are four phases of matter: Phases of Matter There are four phases of matter: Phases of Matter Animation States of Matter Solids Solids: Are rigid, crystalline Hold their shape Have little
Conduction is the transfer of heat by the direct contact of particles of matter.
Matter and Energy Chapter 9 energy flows from a material at a higher temperature to a material at a lower temperature. This process is called heat transfer. How is heat transferred from material to material,
Physics 111. Lecture 36 (Walker: ) Heat Capacity & Specific Heat Heat Transfer. May 1, Quiz (Chaps. 14 & 16) on Wed.
Physics 111 Lecture 36 (Walker: 16.4-6) Heat Capacity & Specific Heat Heat Transfer May 1, 2009 Quiz (Chaps. 14 & 16) on Wed. May 6 Lecture 36 1/26 Heat Capacity (C) The heat capacity C of an object is
TEMPERATURE. 8. Temperature and Heat 1
TEMPERATURE Heat is the energy that is transferred between objects because of a temperature difference Terms such as transfer of heat or heat flow from object A to object B simply means that the total
1. How much heat was needed to raise the bullet to its final temperature?
Name: Date: Use the following to answer question 1: A 0.0500-kg lead bullet of volume 5.00 10 6 m 3 at 20.0 C hits a block that is made of an ideal thermal insulator and comes to rest at its center. At
Heat Transfer. Conduction, Convection, and Radiation. Review: Temperature
Heat Transfer Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Review: Temperature! Temperature is:! The quantity that tells how hot or cold something is compared with a standard! A measure of the average kinetic
Chapter 11. Energy in Thermal Processes
Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Vocabulary, 3 Kinds of Energy Internal Energy U = Energy of microscopic motion and intermolucular forces Work W = -F x = -P V is work done by compression (next chapter)
Lecture 22. Temperature and Heat
Lecture 22 Temperature and Heat Today s Topics: 0 th Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermometers Thermal Expansion Heat, Internal Energy and Work Heat Transfer Temperature and the Zeroth Law
Topic 2: Heat Affects Matter in Different Ways
Topic 2: Heat Affects Matter in Different Ways 1 2.1 States of Matter and the Particle Model of Matter A. States of 1. Matter is made up of tiny particles and exist in 3 states:, and. 2. Matter can change
* Defining Temperature * Temperature is proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules. * Temperature * Internal energy
* Defining Temperature * We associate temperature with how hot or cold an object feels. * Our sense of touch serves as a qualitative indicator of temperature. * Energy must be either added or removed from
Temperature of body can be increased by doing work on it. Here W = E mgh = E internal
Heat (C19.1-6, 10) Temperature (T) is measure of average KE of all molecules Internal energy (or Thermal Energy) is sum of total energy of all molecules. Heat is transfer of IE from one body to another.
!U = Q " P!V. Q = mc!t. Vocabulary, 3 Kinds of Energy. Chapter 11. Energy in Thermal Processes. Example Temperature and Specific Heat
Vocabulary, 3 Kinds of Energy Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Internal Energy U = Energy of microscopic motion and intermolucular forces Work W = -F!x = -P!V is work done by compression (next chapter)
PHYSICS 220. Lecture 25. Textbook Sections Lecture 25 Purdue University, Physics 220 1
PHYSICS 220 Lecture 25 Heat Transfer Textbook Sections 14.6 14.8 Lecture 25 Purdue University, Physics 220 1 Overview Last Lecture Heat is FLOW of energy Flow of energy may increase temperature Specific
SPH3U1 Lesson 03 Energy
THERMAL ENERGY AND LATENT HEAT LEARNING GOALS Students will learn: Heat changes the amount of thermal energy in an object Temperature is a measure of the average thermal energy in an object Heat capacity
Chapter 13 The Transfer of Heat
Chapter 13 The Transfer of Heat Transfer of heat from one point to another 1) Convection 2) Conduction 3) Radiation 13.1 Convection CONVECTION The process in which heat is carried from one place to another
Name... Class... Date...
Radiation and temperature Specification reference: P6.3 Black body radiation (physics only) Aims This is an activity that has been designed to help you improve your literacy skills. In this activity you
L 18 Thermodynamics [3] Heat flow. Conduction. Convection. Thermal Conductivity. heat conduction. Heat transfer
![L 18 Thermodynamics [3] Heat flow. Conduction. Convection. Thermal Conductivity. heat conduction. Heat transfer](/thumbs/78/76842080.jpg "L 18 Thermodynamics [3] Heat flow. Conduction. Convection. Thermal Conductivity. heat conduction. Heat transfer")
L 18 Thermodynamics [3] Heat transfer convection conduction emitters of seeing behind closed doors Greenhouse effect Heat Capacity How to boil water Heat flow HEAT the energy that flows from one system
Chapter 11. Energy in Thermal Processes
Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Vocabulary, 3 Kinds of Energy Internal Energy U Energy of a system due to microscopic motion and inter-molucular forces Work W -F x -P V is work done by expansion
2Energy in transit UNCORRECTED PAGE PROOFS. CHApteR
CHApteR 2Energy in transit Thermal imaging shows the temperature of these people. Their faces and hands are red and white as these areas are producing heat and are not covered by clothing. ReMeMBeR Before
Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect
/30/2018 Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect Global Energy Balance S/ * (1-A) terrestrial radiation cooling Solar radiation warming T S Global Temperature atmosphere Wien s Law Shortwave and Longwave Radiation
Physics 101: Lecture 26 Conduction, Convection, Radiation
Final Physics 101: Lecture 26 Conduction, Convection, Radiation Today s lecture will cover Textbook Chapter 14.4-14.9 Physics 101: Lecture 26, Pg 1 Review Heat is FLOW of energy Flow of energy may increase
Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect
Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect S/4 * (1-A) T A 4 T S 4 T A 4 Wien s Law Shortwave and Longwave Radiation Selected Absorption Greenhouse Effect Global Energy Balance terrestrial radiation cooling Solar radiation
2,000-gram mass of water compared to a 1,000-gram mass.
11.2 Heat To change the temperature, you usually need to add or subtract energy. For example, when it s cold outside, you turn up the heat in your house or apartment and the temperature goes up. You know
PHYSICS 231 INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS I
PHYSICS 231 INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS I Lecture 17 Heat: Q = Energy transferred due to microscopic contact Recap - Heat Transfer Heat can: Change temperature Q = mc!t c = specific heat For water: c= 1.0 cal/(g
Energy, Temperature, & Heat. Energy, Temperature, & Heat. Temperature Scales 1/17/11
Energy, Temperature, & Heat Energy is the ability to do work (push, pull, lift) on some form of matter. Chapter 2 Potential energy is the potential for work (mass x gravity x height) Kinetic energy is
JSUNIL TUTORIAL,SAMASTIPUR PH: CBSE Class-7 Science Heat and temperature solve questions and Notes
CBSE Class-7 Science Heat and temperature solve questions and Notes Fill in the blanks : (a) The hotness of an object is determined by its temperature. (b) Temperature of boiling water cannot be measured
Thermal Energy. Thermal Energy Transfers
Thermal Energy Thermal Energy Transfers Key Concepts What is the effect of having a small specific heat? What happens to a material when it is heated? In what ways can thermal energy be transferred? What
Heat can be transferred by. and by radiation Conduction
Heat can be transferred by conduction, by convection, and by radiation. The spontaneous transfer of heat is always from warmer objects to cooler objects. If several objects near one another have different
Name Class Date. What are three kinds of energy transfer? What are conductors and insulators? What makes something a good conductor of heat?
CHAPTER 14 SECTION Heat and Temperature 2 Energy Transfer KEY IDEAS As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: What are three kinds of energy transfer? What are conductors and insulators?
Demonstrate understanding of aspects of heat
Demonstrate understanding of aspects of heat Heat Transfer Temperature - temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles making up an object (measured in C or K) 0 K = -273 o C
4.1. Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 4 - Heat GCKL UNDERSTANDING THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM. What is thermal equilibrium?
Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 4 - Heat GCKL 2010 4.1 4 UNDERSTANDING THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM What is thermal equilibrium? 1. (, Temperature ) is a form of energy that flows from a hot body to a cold body.
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat 16-1 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Definition of heat: Heat is the energy transferred between objects because of a temperature difference. Objects are
Thermal Energy. Chapter 6 2 Transferring Thermal Energy
Thermal Energy Chapter 6 2 Transferring Thermal Energy Objectives Compare and contrast conduction, convection, and radiation. Compare and contrast conductors and insulators. CLE 3202.2.3 Examine the applications
Handout 10: Heat and heat transfer. Heat capacity
1 Handout 10: Heat and heat transfer Heat capacity Consider an experiment in Figure 1. Heater is inserted into a solid substance of mass m and the temperature rise T degrees Celsius is measured by a thermometer.
Chapter 11. Energy in Thermal Processes
Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Energy Transfer When two objects of different temperatures are placed in thermal contact, the temperature of the warmer decreases and the temperature of the cooler
Exercises Conduction (pages ) 1. Define conduction. 2. What is a conductor?
Exercises 22.1 Conduction (pages 431 432) 1. Define conduction. 2. What is a conductor? 3. are the best conductors. 4. In conduction, between particles transfer thermal energy. 5. Is the following sentence
Earth s Atmosphere. Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere. 3. All the energy from the Sun reaches Earth s surface.
CHAPTER 11 LESSON 2 Earth s Atmosphere Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere Key Concepts How does energy transfer from the Sun to Earth and to the atmosphere? How are air circulation patterns within the atmosphere
Lightbulbs. Lecture 18 : Blackbody spectrum Improving lightbulb efficiency
Lightbulbs Lecture 18 : Blackbody spectrum Improving lightbulb efficiency Reminders: HW 7 due Monday at 10pm Simulations available in G116 Reading quiz on Tuesday, 10.1 EM radiation so far EM radiation
10/21/2015. Lightbulbs. Blackbody spectrum. Temperature and total emitted power (brightness) Blackbody spectrum and temperature
Lightbulbs EM radiation so far EM radiation is a periodic modulation of the electric field: travels as a wave Wavelength (or frequency) determines: - type of EM radiation - if in visible range, wavelength
4.1. Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 4 - Heat GCKL UNDERSTANDING THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM. What is thermal equilibrium?
4.1 4 UNDERSTANDING THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM What is thermal equilibrium? 1. ( Heat, Temperature ) is a form of energy that flows from a hot body to a cold body. 2. The SI unit for ( heat, temperature) is Joule,
Chapter 1 Heating Processes
Chapter 1 Heating Processes Section 1.1 Heat and temperature Worked example: Try yourself 1.1.1 CALCULATING THE CHANGE IN INTERNAL ENERGY A student places a heating element and a paddle wheel apparatus
A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. The Solar Flux
When you compare gamma ray photons with photons of radio waves, which of the following is true? Gamma rays have a shorter wavelength and less energy Gamma rays have a shorter wavelength and same energy
LECTURE NOTES. Heat Transfer. III B. Tech II Semester (JNTUA-R15) CHADALAWADA RAMANAMMA ENGINEERING COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)
LECTURE NOTES on Heat Transfer III B. Tech II Semester (JNTUA-R15) Mr. K.SURESH, Assistant Professor CHADALAWADA RAMANAMMA ENGINEERING COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) Chadalawada Nagar, Renigunta Road, Tirupati 517
Topic 5 Practice Test
Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the diagram below, which represents the greenhouse effect in which heat energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere 1. The Earth surface that best absorbs short-wave
heat By cillian bryan and scott doyle
heat By cillian bryan and scott doyle What is heat Heat energy is the result of the movement of tiny particles called atoms molecules or ions in solids, liquids and gases. Heat energy can be transferred
Chapter 6. Heat is transferred from one place to another by three different processes
Chapter 6 Heat is transferred from one place to another by three different processes 6.1 How Heat is Transferred I. Conduction P Conduction is the transfer of energy through matter from particle to particle.
PHYSICS 289 Experiment 3 Fall Heat transfer and the Greenhouse Effect
PHYSICS 289 Experiment 3 Fall 2006 Heat transfer and the Greenhouse Effect Only a short report is required: worksheets, graphs and answers to the questions. Introduction In this experiment we study the
Blackbody Radiation OBJECTIVES
Name Class Date Skills Practice Lab Blackbody Radiation A perfect absorber of radiation also happens to be a perfect radiator of that radiation as well. Such objects are called blackbodies, because darker
Introduction of Heat Transfer. Prepared by: Nimesh Gajjar GIT-MED
Introduction of Heat Transfer Prepared by: Nimesh Gajjar GIT-MED Difference between heat and temperature Temperature is a measure of the amount of energy possessed by the molecules of a substance. It manifests
Chapter 1 - Temperature and Heat
Chapter 1 - and Heat and Heat It doesn t make a difference what temperature a room is, it s always room temperature. -Steven Wright David J. Starling Penn State Hazleton Fall 2013 and Heat Thermodynamics
Chapter 12. Temperature and Heat. continued
Chapter 12 Temperature and Heat continued 12.3 The Ideal Gas Law THE IDEAL GAS LAW The absolute pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature and the number of moles (n) of
Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation Chapter 5. What is light? What is a wave? Radiation carries information
Concepts: Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation Chapter 5 Electromagnetic waves Types of spectra Temperature Blackbody radiation Dual nature of radiation Atomic structure Interaction of light and matter
High temperature He is hot
Lecture 9 What is Temperature and Heat? High temperature He is hot Some important definitions * Two objects are in Thermal contact with each other if energy can be exchanged between them. Thermal equilibrium
All matter is made of moving particles
All matter is made of moving particles I. Kinetic Theory of matter all particles in matter are constantly in motion a. Kinetic Energy is motion energy b. Therefore all particles in solids, liquids and
Quiz C&J page 316 (top), Check Your Understanding #6:... use a straw
Quiz on Chapter 11 Quiz 9 1. C&J page 316 (top), Check Your Understanding #6:... use a straw Quiz 9 1. C&J page 316 (top), Check Your Understanding #6:... use a straw 2. What volume of helium has the same
Science 7 Unit C: Heat and Temperature. Topic 6. Transferring Energy. pp WORKBOOK. Name:
Science 7 Unit C: Heat and Temperature Topic 6 Transferring Energy pp. 226-236 WORKBOOK Name: 0 Read pp. 226-227 object or material that can transfer energy to other objects Example: light bulb, the Sun
10/31/2017. Calculating the temperature of earth (The greenhouse effect) IR radiation. The electromagnetic spectrum
Calculating the temperature of earth (The greenhouse effect) EM radiation so far Spectrum of EM radiation emitted by many objects may be approximated by the blackbody spectrum Blackbody spectrum (plot
innova-ve entrepreneurial global 1
www.utm.my innova-ve entrepreneurial global 1 The science of how heat flows is called heat transfer. There are three ways heat transfer works: conduction, convection, and radiation. Heat flow depends on
THERMODYNAMICS METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER RADIATION
VISUAL PHYSICS ONLINE THERMODYNAMICS METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER RADIATION Radiation is the energy transferred by electromagnetic waves mainly infrared (IR), visible and ultraviolet (UV). All materials radiate
Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat
Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat Textbook pages 424 435 Section 10.1 Summary Before You Read We often use the terms heat and temperature interchangeably. Do you think they mean the same thing? Explain
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion Heat and Mechanical Work Specific Heats Conduction, Convection, and Radiation 16-1
Thermal Effects. IGCSE Physics
Thermal Effects IGCSE Physics Starter What is the difference between heat and temperature? What unit is thermal energy measured in? And what does it depend on? In which direction does heat flow? Heat (Thermal
Chapter 14 Temperature and Heat
Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 14 Temperature and Heat Thermodynamics Starting a different area of physics called thermodynamics Thermodynamics focuses on energy rather than
Types of Spectra. How do spectrum lines form? 3/30/09. Electron cloud. Atom. Nucleus
The electron should be thought of as a distribution or cloud of probability around the nucleus that on average behave like a point particle on a fixed circular path Types of Spectra How do spectrum lines
HEAT How is thermal energy transferred?
HEAT How is thermal energy transferred? Give an example of conduction? What is a convection current? Explain radiant energy? 1/3/2017 Heat Notes 1 1/3/2017 Heat Notes 2 NEED TO KNOW VOCABULARY: Conduction
The Nature of Light I: Electromagnetic Waves Spectra Kirchoff s Laws Temperature Blackbody radiation
The Nature of Light I: Electromagnetic Waves Spectra Kirchoff s Laws Temperature Blackbody radiation Electromagnetic Radiation (How we get most of our information about the cosmos) Examples of electromagnetic
What is LIGHT? Reading Question
Reading Question What is LIGHT? A. Light is a wave, like sound only much faster. B. Light is like little particles. Each one is a photon. C. Light is the absence of dark. D. A kind of energy we model with
Earth: the Goldilocks Planet
Earth: the Goldilocks Planet Not too hot (460 C) Fig. 3-1 Not too cold (-55 C) Wave properties: Wavelength, velocity, and? Fig. 3-2 Reviewing units: Wavelength = distance (meters or nanometers, etc.) Velocity
Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 Forms of Energy Lesson 2 Energy Transformations Lesson 3 Thermal Energy on the Move Chapter Wrap-Up
Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 Forms of Energy Lesson 2 Energy Transformations Lesson 3 Thermal Energy on the Move Chapter Wrap-Up What is energy, and what are energy transformations? What do you think?
Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 Forms of Energy Lesson 2 Energy Transformations Lesson 3 Thermal Energy on the Move Chapter Wrap-Up
Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 Forms of Energy Lesson 2 Energy Transformations Lesson 3 Thermal Energy on the Move Chapter Wrap-Up What is energy, and what are energy transformations? What do you think?
The Kinetic Theory of Matter. Temperature. Temperature. Temperature. Temperature. Chapter 6 HEAT
The Kinetic Theory of Matter Hewitt/Lyons/Suchocki/Yeh Conceptual Integrated Science Chapter 6 HEAT Kinetic Theory of Matter: Matter is made up of tiny particles (atoms or molecules) that are always in
AST 105 Intro Astronomy The Solar System. MIDTERM II: Tuesday, April 5 [covering Lectures 10 through 16]
![AST 105 Intro Astronomy The Solar System. MIDTERM II: Tuesday, April 5 [covering Lectures 10 through 16]](/thumbs/78/77847540.jpg "AST 105 Intro Astronomy The Solar System. MIDTERM II: Tuesday, April 5 [covering Lectures 10 through 16]")
AST 105 Intro Astronomy The Solar System MIDTERM II: Tuesday, April 5 [covering Lectures 10 through 16] REVIEW Light as Information Bearer We can separate light into its different wavelengths (spectrum).
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics Problem Solving 10: The Greenhouse Effect. Section Table and Group
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8.02 Problem Solving 10: The Greenhouse Effect Section Table and Group Names Hand in one copy per group at the end of the Friday Problem Solving
Chapter 11. Energy in Thermal Processes
Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Energy Transfer When two objects of different temperatures are placed in thermal contact, the temperature of the warmer decreases and the temperature of the cooler
Kinetic Theory continued
Chapter 12 Kinetic Theory continued 12.4 Kinetic Theory of Gases The particles are in constant, random motion, colliding with each other and with the walls of the container. Each collision changes the
Experiment 24: Spectroscopy
Experiment 24: Spectroscopy Figure 24.1: Spectroscopy EQUIPMENT High Voltage Power Supply Incandescent Light Source (3) Gas Discharge Tubes: 1. Helium 2. Hydrogen 3. Unknown Element Spectrometer Felt (1)
Kinetic Theory continued
Chapter 12 Kinetic Theory continued 12.4 Kinetic Theory of Gases The particles are in constant, random motion, colliding with each other and with the walls of the container. Each collision changes the
Physics 231. Topic 13: Heat. Alex Brown Dec 1, MSU Physics 231 Fall
Physics 231 Topic 13: Heat Alex Brown Dec 1, 2015 MSU Physics 231 Fall 2015 1 8 th 10 pm correction for 3 rd exam 9 th 10 pm attitude survey (1% for participation) 10 th 10 pm concept test timed (50 min))
General Physics (PHY 2130)
General Physics (PHY 2130) Lecture 34 Heat Heat transfer Conduction Convection Radiation http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~apetrov/phy2130/ Lightning Review Last lecture: 1. Thermal physics Heat. Specific
Heat and Temperature
Chapter 4 Heat Heat and Temperature Heat is a form of energy Heat is the energy of random motion of molecules constituting the body. It flows from a hot body to a cold body. Unit of heat is joule (J) and
Chapter 11. Important to distinguish between them. They are not interchangeable. They mean very different things when used in physics Internal Energy
Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Energy Transfer When two objects of different temperatures are placed in thermal contact, the temperature of the warmer decreases and the temperature of the cooler
the ability to do work or cause change (work is force exerted on an object causing it to move a distance)
Vocabulary Terms - Energy energy the ability to do work or cause change (work is force exerted on an object causing it to move a distance) heat Heat is a form of energy that flows between two substances
Warming Earth and its Atmosphere The Diurnal and Seasonal Cycles
Warming Earth and its Atmosphere The Diurnal and Seasonal Cycles Or, what happens to the energy received from the sun? First We Need to Understand The Ways in Which Heat Can be Transferred in the Atmosphere
Chapter 3. Basic Principles. Contents
Chapter 3. Basic Principles Contents 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Heat 3.3 Sensible Heat 3.4 Latent Heat 3.5 Evaporative Cooling 3.6 Convection 3.7 Transport 3.8 Energy Transfer Mediums 3.9 Radiation 3.10 Greenhouse
SKINAKAS OBSERVATORY Astronomy Projects for University Students COLOUR IN ASTRONOMY
P R O J E C T 3 COLOUR IN ASTRONOMY Objective: Explain what colour means in an astronomical context and its relationship with the temperature of a star. Learn how to create colour-colour diagrams and how
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation
Conduction Thermal energy is transferred from place to place by conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter. Conduction
CERT Educational Series Heat Transfer
Student Lab Sheet Answer Key CERT Educational Series Heat Transfer Name Date: Are HEAT and TEMPERATURE the same thing? YES NO Heat and Temperature are not the same thing. They have different units. Heat
Assess why particular characteristics are necessary for effective conduction KEY POINTS
Conduction LEARNING OBJECTIVES Assess why particular characteristics are necessary for effective conduction KEY POINTS On a microscopic scale, conduction occurs as rapidly moving or vibrating atoms and
Heat and Temperature
Heat and Temperature Temperature What does temperature have to do with energy? What three temperature scales are commonly used? What makes things feel hot or cold? Intro: Discussion A person from Seattle
KNOWLEDGE TO GET FROM TODAY S CLASS MEETING Class Meeting #11, Friday, February 12 th
KNOWLEDGE TO GET FROM TODAY S CLASS MEETING Class Meeting #11, Friday, February 12 th 1) RADIANT ENERGY (Stefan-Boltzmann Law & Wien s Law) Pgs 154-156 Pgs 154-156 - an in-class exercise 2) Earn a good
PHYSICS 149: Lecture 26
PHYSICS 149: Lecture 26 Chapter 14: Heat 14.1 Internal Energy 14.2 Heat 14.3 Heat Capacity and Specific Heat 14.5 Phase Transitions 14.6 Thermal Conduction 14.7 Thermal Convection 14.8 Thermal Radiation
Mechanisms of heat transfer
Lecture 4 Mechanisms of heat transfer Pre-reading: 17.7 Review Heat can be transferred from one object to another due to a temperature difference. The properties of many objects change with temperature:
Astronomy 210 Spring 2017: Quiz 5 Question Packet 1. can: 2. An electron moving between energy levels
Permitted energy levels Astronomy 210 Spring 2017: Quiz 5 Question Packet 1 1. An electron in energy level 1 2 can: (A) only emit a photon. (B) only absorb a photon. (C) either emit, or absorb a photon.
PHYS:1200 LECTURE 18 THERMODYNAMICS (3)
1 PHYS:1200 LECTURE 18 THERMODYNAMICS (3) This lecture presents a more detailed discussion of heat flow by radiation and its importance in the physics of the atmosphere. We will discuss some important
FCAT Review Earths Systems
FCAT Review Earths Systems PARTS OF EARTHS SYSTEMS The Earth system has 5 main spheres: 1) Atmosphere The layer of gases that forms Earth s outermost layer. It is a mixture of gases- mostly nitrogen and
Lecture # 04 January 27, 2010, Wednesday Energy & Radiation
Lecture # 04 January 27, 2010, Wednesday Energy & Radiation Kinds of energy Energy transfer mechanisms Radiation: electromagnetic spectrum, properties & principles Solar constant Atmospheric influence
Electric energy Radiant energy Nuclear energy
CHAPTER 7 LESSON 1: FORMS OF ENERGY Potential Energy Stored Energy Energy Kinetic Potential Work What is Energy? Mechanical Sound Thermal Electric Radiant Nuclear Potential is stored due to the interactions
Conducting Energy and Heat. Energy Likes to Move. Radiating Energy
Energy Likes to Move If there is a temperature difference in a system, heat will naturally move from high to low temperatures. The place you find the higher temperature is the heat source. The area where
TRANSMISSION OF HEAT
TRANSMISSION OF HEAT Synopsis :. In general heat travels from one point to another whenever there is a difference of temperatures.. Heat flows from a body at higher temperature to a lower temperature..
Lecture 13 Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics
Lecture 13 Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics Lecture 13 Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium Linear Expansion