Shuram Oil & Gas Laboratory. Geochemical Laboratory and Consultancy Core Operations and Sedimentology Conventional Core Analysis and Petrography

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1 Shuram Oil & Gas Laboratory Geochemical Laboratory and Consultancy Core Operations and Sedimentology Conventional Core Analysis and Petrography

2 ph nc38 nc39 nc40 3MH ic18 ic13 nc35 nc36 nc37 ic15 nc34 ic14 pr nc33 ic16 nc32 CH nc30 nc31 nc29 nc28 nc24 nc25 nc26 nc27 nc5 nc22 nc23 nc18 nc19 nc20 nc21 nc16 nc12 nc13 nc14 nc15 nc17 nc10 nc11 nc9 ic5 nc6 MCH nc8 Shuram Laboratories and Technical Services Geochemical Laboratory and Consultancy in collaboration with Stratochem Services Core Operations and Sedimentology Conventional Core Analysis and Petrography PC_54244 name=thailand Sirikit ( Lan Krabu-1) omc Seconds Laboratory / Analytical TOC, Pyrolysis screening Whole oil gas chromatography Mud gas analysis Laboratory / Analytical Core Handling and Management Core Slabbing, Trimming, Plugging Core Layout & Storage Laboratory / Analytical Plug Cleaning CCA/RCA Plug Measurements Thin-section preparation Consultancy & Training Regional Prospectivity Studies Geochemical Well Evaluations Souring and H 2 S-related Studies Description & Interpretation Sedimentological Studies Sedimentological Core Description Borehole Image Interpretation Calibration of log data Description & Interpretation Reservoir Quality Studies Petrographic description Diagenesis Reservoir Quality evaluation

3 Training guide Triterpane Biomarkers Gas Analysis GC in Shuram Geochemical Analysis Laboratory / Analytical TOC, TC, and Pyrolysis screening Whole oil gas chromatography Mud gas analysis Full Geochemical analysis & interpretation Consultancy & Training Regional Prospectivity Studies Geochemical Well Evaluations Souring and H 2 S-related Studies

4 ph nc38 nc39 nc40 nc37 3MH ic18 nc36 ic13 nc35 ic15 nc34 ic14 pr nc33 ic16 nc32 CH nc30 nc31 nc29 nc28 nc24 nc25 nc26 nc27 nc5 nc22 nc23 nc18 nc19 nc20 nc21 nc16 nc12 nc13 nc14 nc15 nc17 nc10 nc11 nc9 ic5 nc6 MCH nc8 Geochemistry Laboratory Services Gas chromatography of Mud gas and Whole oil samples Standard: Id=FPC_54244 name=thailand Sirikit ( Lan Krabu-1) omc 3043 mv Seconds Source Rock screening of core and cuttings samples

5 Consultancy and Training ADIPEC Conference and Exhibition November 2016 SOURCE ROCKS OF THE MIDDLE EAST GEOCHEMICAL SOURCE ROCK EVALUATION Keynote presentation by Peter Nederlof and Andrew Murray (Shuram Geological Consultancy) AAPG Workshop on Source Rock of the Middle East January 2016

6 Regional Prospectivity Studies Block 6: Two Potential Charge Domains? Aspect of Petroleum Geology Block 34, Al Jazir, SE Oman Mohamed Al-Balushi, M.Sc. Thesis 2003

7 Geochemical Well Evaluations (1)

8 Lower Arab: % H 2 S Upper Arab: 5 21 % H 2 S Souring and H 2 S-related Studies 9/3/ :15 Msol:PhiT (dec) Orig:SW (CFCF) CORE:CPOR (%) nic Por Sw Msol:VLime (dec) Msol:VDol (dec) Msol:VAndydrite (dec) Msol:PhiT (dec) Lithology Based on a Por cutoff of 2% Gross (ft) Net (ft) NTG (%) POR (%) Min Avg Max Min Avg Max Min Avg Max Well avg Min Total Avg Well avg Max % 7% 39% 9% 60% 12% % 5% % 2% 47% 6% 97% 10% Sulfate (SO 4 2- ) + Hydrocarbons (C n H 2n ) % 2% 9% 5% 38% 9% H 2 S + Carbonate (HCO 3- ) + H 2 O Limestone Dolomite

9 Core Operations and Core Sedimentology

10 Core Handling and Display Core storage management Core handling and layout Core slabbing and resination of 1/3 slab Core Photography Plugging and Cleaning of plugs Soxhlet Extraction & Cleaning apparatus (Dean Stark Extraction Techniques) Core Slabbing CCA data reporting Plug Cleaning Vinci CCA Equipment Plug Drill Press

11 Core Sedimentology - Technical Value Core sedimentology aims to answer the key questions: What is depositional make-up within a studied reservoir? What is the depositional architecture within the reservoir? How heterogeneous is the reservoir? For this purpose, Badley Ashton provides: Detailed graphic core descriptions Environmental interpretation Generation of depositional models/framework Sequence stratigraphic interpretation Borehole Image Interpretation Structural/Geomechanical fracture interpretation Controls on fracture distribution Calibration of logs with core observations Sedimentological characterisation of carbonate reservoirs Examples of key sedimentological deliverables are presented in the next slides

12 Sequence Stratigraphic Correlations Extend the depositional framework into the uncored intervals and correlation wells using sequence stratigraphic principles and calibrated log signatures Assess and further constrain lateral depositional variation using the entire available dataset (eg. wireline data, BHI, cuttings, SWC etc.) Provide guidance and uncertainties for static modelling

13 Integration of core, CT and BHI data - Clastic BHI data allow the generation of robust models, even with a paucity or absence of core: Wherever it is possible BHI data are calibrated against the core Generated dip data complements core information and improves upon conventional log data by providing internal fabric information and accurate dip magnitudes and azimuths for palaeoflow and palaeoslope determinations CT Scan BHI Proximal Levée Distal Levée NORTH mm - dm m - dm Channel-Fill Overall depositional context reconstructed using core, CT and BHI data.

14 Thin-section preparation and petrographic analyses

15 Thin-section preparation Carbonate and clastic rocks From cutting samples Soft samples or samples coming directly from the drilling sites. From plug/rock fragments - Blue epoxy resin impregnated thin-section (for both carbonate and clastic deposits) - Blue epoxy resin impregnated and stained carbonate thin-section (carbonate samples; Alizarin Red-S and Potassium Ferricynide ) - Blue epoxy resin impregnated and K-felsdar stained thin-section (clastic deposits; using Sodium Cobalt nitrite) - Polished thin-section

16 Thin-section Petrography - Technical Value Thin-section petrography aims to: Microscopy Refine sedimentological/environmental interpretations Characterise the diagenetic overprint on the deposits Provides an assessment of the pore system development and the controls on reservoir quality Assist in the generation of reservoir rock types and the selection of representative SCAL samples Thin-section photomicrograph CL photomicrograph For this purpose, Badley Ashton: Selects representative petrographical sample sets Analyse thin-section samples at various levels of detail Integrates observations with additional datasets (XRD, CL, image analysis, fluid inclusions, SEM, isotopes, trace elements) 100µm SEM photomicrograph Fluid Inclusion Analysis

17 Microporosity analysis using SEM Characterising the micritic microfabrics to understand the variability of porosity and permeability within microporous limestones Integration of results within rock-typing schemes Deville de Periere et al., 2011 Dataset coded by micrite fabrics

18 Reservoir quality analysis Explains key reservoir quality trends by integrating all the available plug-scale datasets. Porosity, permeability and MICP data are coded by relevant sedimentological and petrographical parameters (eg. grain size, cement abundance, dominant pore type, micritic matrix habit, etc). Also integrates CT-scan data, where available, to assess plug-scale heterogeneities. Aims to characterise the sedimentological and diagenetic controls affecting the pore system to assess their influence in time and space.

19 Pore systems & Rock Typing Grouping of samples by pore systems is based on core, petrographical and CCA/SCAL data. This is a first step before the production of RTs and is designed to help petrophysicists integrating core and log data.

20 Rock Types and Permeability CCA Porosity vs vs permeability Permeability: - Rock Rock Type type Geomean YME vs Perm (without fractures) YME vs permeability all data a b c d Power (all data) Macropores Permeability (Kl md) A B C D E Porosity (He, %) Mechanical properties Permeability (Kl md) y = x R 2 = YME (Mpsi) Rock type A shows 2-3 order of magnitude variation in permeability - Is this a function of dominant pore type? TS data confirm the macro vs micropore control on permeability, however, it is necessary to predict this information from wireline logs. 13

21 Chemostrat Analytical Services Chemostratigraphy ICP-OES, ICP-MS & XRF Mineralogical Analysis XRD (clay & whole rock), QXRD, FTIR Rock Magnetic Services Magnetostratigraphy, Magnetic Susceptibility Oil Services - Re-Os Geochronology, trace element analysis Stable Isotope Services δ 13 C org with TOC, δ 13 C carb and δ 18 O carb S, δ 34 S PYR

22 Chemostrat Analytical Services (cont.) Geochronology Re-Os Geochronology, Zircon Age Dating Portable Solutions Handheld XRF, Benchtop XRF, FTIR Sample Preparation Washing, grinding, pelleting Provenances Services Heavy Mineral Analysis, Provenance Analysis of Silt, Detrital Feldspar Isotope Analysis, Grain Chemistry, Geochronology of Detrital Zircon / Apatite, Enhanced Petrography, Raman Spectroscopy,

23 Our Clients PDO Oxy CCED MEDCO ARABIA LTD

24 Shuram Oil & Gas Location & Contacts Location: Way No. 1821, Building No.1465, Qurum, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Tel: Fax: