MAP SHEETS 175,176,183 and 184 Appendix 1ato Report No.7"Soils and vegetation of the Tsavo area."

Transcription

1 MP SHEETS 175,176,183 and 184 ppendix 1ato Report No.7"Soils and vegetation of the Tsavo area." R E C O N N I S S N C E S O I L M P O F T H E M T I T O N D E I R E Ministry of griculture-kenyasonsurvey Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife-Tsavo ResearchStation-WOTRO'

2 ü2 UZl-rp ( MiT S X, V+O Q N P/ ^ 5 R K - 30' 2 Ps12 cp 1 PS13 Xd Pn2Fr p ^ 0/ n2f -^S-^X ' '' ) W- *? HL2K IC ( 3 Z Ps21 Ps13 -HL2K C PS11 Ps13 À PdFrp-PdFbK >V Ps13.vH Psl^*"^ K y~. -. co Pn2Fr / yf~ }t -^pr. ii / KILOMETRES I 0 10 r) Ps21 r V^a P»140^»«14p East of Greenwich 2 ase map compiled and simplified from parts of Survey of Kenya topographical map sheets S and S scale 1:250,000 Scale 1:250,000 Printed by Printing and Packaging Corporation Limited. Likoni Road. P.O. ox , Nairobi. V / FXr2 'PdFbK-PdFrP? * Netherlands Foundation for the dvancement of Tropical Research FXr2 30 -J 45 KILOMETRES

3 LEGEND + MOUNTINS (relief intensity m, slopes over 16%) - s o i l s of unit PdFrp I well drained, shallow,yellowish brown, calcareous, gravelly sandy clay loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS. petrocalcic phase) Soils developed on various gneisses MU r r a r j r > complex of somewhat excessively drained,shallow to «"c r / I moderately deep,reddish brown to light red, rocky and stony soils of varying texture,- in places with humic v H I L L S N D LOW RIDGES 5% to over 16%) HX HXC HL L PdFDK-PdFrP (relief intensity m, slopes from Soils developed on various parent materials PdSt complex of somewhat excessively drained, shallow, reddish brown to greyish brown,rocky and stony soils of varying texture (eutric and dystric REGOSOLS, lithic and stony phase) Soils developed on pyroclastic deposits (Quaternary volcanics) (chromic CMISOLS and chromic L U V I S O L S. paralithic phase) - w e l l drained,shallow, yellowish brown, calcareous, stony, gravelly, sandy clay loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS, petrocalcic phase) PdT Soils developed on carbonaceous shales well drained, sandy clay well drained, very deep, dark red, friable, sandy clay loam to sandy clay (rhodic FERRLSOLS and FERRL : chromic LUVISOLS) FX Ps1 well drained, very deep,dark brown to reddish brown, friable, sandy clay loam to sandy clay «(orthic LUVISOLS) imperfectly drained, very deep, red to reddish brown, firm sandy clay, with calcareous, saline and sodic. deeper subsoil; abruptly underlying a topsoil of loamy sand (solodic PLNOSOLS and orthic SOLONETZ, saline phase) (slopes less than 2%) Soils developed on phonolite (Tertiary volcanics) Ps2 PvV N O N - D I S S E C T E D EROSIONL P L I N S Pvv2P well drained,shallow to moderately deep,dark greyish I brown,friable, calcareous, gravelly sandy loam (mollic NDOSOLS. stony and petric phase) welldrained,shallow to moderately deep,greyish brown to black, friable, clay loam to clay well drained, deep to very deep, dark red, friable to firm, sandy to clay (FERRL :chromic LUVISOLS) The descriptions denote the characteristics ot the subsoil (usually the -horizon). Wherethe topsoil dilters fromthis subsoil by two or more textural classes, it is also described. ll gneisses and crystalline limestone mentioned in the legend belong to the asement System rocks The names between bracket«reflect the soil classification according fo the 1974 FO UNESCO legend for their "Soil Map of The World". Prefix««marked with are tentative terms awaiting international agreement on nomenclature. slope % KEY TC slope class 5-8 C 8-16 D SLOPE CLSSES name of macrorelief symbol* 2-5 E flat to very gently undulating gently undulating undulating rolling hilly not indicated tormountains,hills, minorscarps and lava flows more than FLOODPLINS ND LLUVIL VLLEYS than 2%) f (slopes less Soils developed on alluvial fan deoosits well drained, very deep, red to dark red, firm, sandy Clay loam to clay Soils developed on quartz-feldspar gneisses ssssessjssa welidrained.very deep.reddish brown to yellowish red, pnihe I ^ m firm, sandy clay loam to sandy clay, with topsoii of For themtito ndei and Vol sheets one combined legend was prepared. The legend ot this sheet however describes only the mapping units occurring on this sheet. thickness soil in cm (slopes less than 5%) (LITHOSOLS and haplic CHERNOZEMS,partly lithic phase) Pn1R + Soils developed on pyroclastic deposits and olivine basalts (Quaternary volcanics) K I T H I O K O - M U L N G O L E V E L (altitude m, slopes less than 4%) (pellic VERTISOLS. saline-sodic and petric phase) excessively drained, exceedingly stony to bouldery, rocky land with infills of humic soil material KEY TO DEPTH CLSSES V O L C N I C PLINS poorly drained, moderately deep, dark greyish brown toblack.very firm,saline and sodic,cracking clay,over pisocalcic material Soils developed on olivine basalts (Quaternary volcanics) 0-2 very poorly drained, very deep, dark greyish brown to black, very firm, calcareous, saline and sodic clay; in places cracking (pellic VERTISOLS, saline-sodic phase and vertic SOLO NETZ, saline phase) well drained, very deep, light brown to strong brown, I very friable Clay (xanthic andorthic FERRLSOLS) L V F L O W S (slopes less than 5%) poorly drained, very deep, brown to dark brown, very firm, calcareous, saline and sodic clay, with topsoil of loamy sand to sandy loam; in places mottled (orthic and gleyic SOLONETZ, saline phase) well drained, moderately deep to deep, dark red to dark reddish brown,friable to firm,sandy clay to, clay, over quartz gravel (chromic LUVISOLS, petric phase) PniF very poorly drained, very deep, dark greyish brown to black,very firm,calcareous, cracking clay, with saline and sodic deeper subsoil (chromic and pellic VERTISOLS, saline-sodic phase) Soils developed on unconsolidated, clayey sediments (Plio-Pleistocene bay deposits) K I T H I O K O - M U L N G O L E V E L ( a l t i t u d e m,slopes less than 4%) PLINS Soils developed on various parent materials well drained,moderately deep to deep, dark red,friable sandy loam to sandy clay, over quartz gravel (rhodic FERRLSOLS, petric phase) U P L N D S (major rivers deeply incised, slopes 2-8 % ) U2F shallow, strong brown,slightly stony, (orthic LUVISOLS, lithic phase) Soils developed on unconsolidated, sandy sediments (Quaternary superficial deposits) well drained,deep to very deep,dark reddish brown to dark red, firm sandy clay, with sodic deeper subsoil (ferric LUVISOLS. sodic phase) well drained, deep to very deep, dark red to reddish brown, friable to firm, sandy clay loam to sandy clay - w e l l drained, moderately deep to very deep, dark red, friable clay; in places bouldery (rhodic FERRLSOLS) - w e l l drained, shallow to moderately deep, dark red, friable, rocky, bouldery clay (ferralic CMISOLS, lithic and stony phase) X (Maji-ya-Chumvi beds) S E D I M E N T R Y P L I N S (Nyika level: altitude m, slopes less than 2%) well drained, very deep, dark red, friable, sandy clay today (rhodic FERRLSOLS) LI O T T O M L N D S (slopes less than 2%) La Soils developed on colluvium derived from various parent materials PLTEUS complex of moderately well drained to poorly drained, very deep, dark brown to dark reddish brown, firm to very firm, sandy clay t o d a y ; in places calcareous, saline and/or sodic (orthic LUVISOLS, sodic phase and orthic SOLONETZ, saline phase) - w e l l drained, shallow,yellowish brown, calcareous, gravelly loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS. petrocalcic phase) F O O T S L O P E S (at the foot of mountains, hilis and plateaus, slopes 2-6%) Soils developed on colluvium derived from various gneisses (chromic L U V I S O L S, petrocalcic phase) moderately well drained, shallow, calcareous, sandy clay t o d a y loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS, petrocalcic phase) - well drained, shallow, dark reddish brown, stony, gravelly, sandy clay loam complex of well drained, shallow to moderately deep, dark greyish brown to black, very friable, calcareous, gravelly soils of varying texture, in places rocky and stony FU well drained, deep, dark reddish brown to red,friable to firm, sandy clay to clay, over petrocalcic material Soils developed on fine to coarse-grained sandstones and arkoses (Taru grits) Soils developed on crystalline limestone, well drained, shallow to moderately deep,dark greyish ML2K J brown todark yellowish brown,calcareous, very stony, gravelly sandy clay loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS, petrocalcic phase) HP Soils developed on subrecent deposits in broad alluvial valleys soils of unit PdFbK (see second component of previous complex) - w e l l drained, shallow, dark reddish brown to dark red, stony, gravelly, sandy clay loam, over quartz gravel (ferralic CMISOLS and chromic LUVISOLS. paralithic or petric phase) topsoii (eutric REGOSOLS, lithic phase and humic CMISOLS) complex of very deep, brown to very dark brown, stratified soils of varying drainage,consistence and texture (eutric and vertic'fluvisols) r Soils developed on recent to subrecent river deposits symbol + over rock over petrocalcic/ or pisocalcic matequartz gravel rial p!»! name :: ; K : : shallow - moderately deep k.. deep very deep it a complex of depth class occurs wihin one unit, only the symbol ot the shallowest depth class is indicated

4 LI Soils developed on phonolite (Tertiary volcanics) -well drained, moderately deep to very deep. dark red friable clay; in places bouldery ' (rhodic FERRLSOLS) -well drained, shallow to moderately deep, dark red, friable, rocky, bouldery clay (ferralic CMISOLS. lithic and stony phase) UPLNDS (major rivers deeply incised, slopes 2-8%) KITHIOKO-MULNGO LEVEL (altitude 70O-90Om, slopes less than 4%) U2F UJFrp PLINS r well drained, moderately deep to deep, dark red to dark reddish brown, friable to firm, sandy clay to, clay, over quartz gravel (chromic LUVISOLS, petric phase) NON-DISSECTED EROSIONL PLINS KITHIOKO-MULNGO LEVEL (altitude m, slopes less than 4%) PnlF PniR PnlR well drained, very deep, light brown to strong brown, very friable Clay (xanthic and orthic FERRLSOLS) well drained, deep to very deep, dark red, friable to firm, sandy to clay (FERRL I chromic LUVISOLS) poorly drained, moderately deep, dark greyish brown toblack.very firm.saline and sodic,cracking clay,over pisocalcic material (pellic VERTISOLS. saline-sodic and petric phase) Soils developed on quartz-feldspar gneisses well drained,very deep.reddish brown to yellowish red, firm, sandy clay loam to sandy clay, with topsoil of sandy loam (orthic CRISOLS) NYIK LEVEL (altitude m, slopes less than 2%) Pn2F DISSECTED EROSIONL PLINS slopes 1-5%) PdF well drained, deep to very deep, dark red to dusky red, friable sandy clay (rhodic FERRLSOLS) like Pn2Fr, but moderately deep over quartz gravel (rhodic FERRLSOLS.petric phase) (Nyika level: altitude m, well drained, moderately deep.dark red, friable to firm, sandy clay loam to sandy clay, over quartz gravel (chromic LUVISOLS petric phase) Ps2 (solodic PLNOSOLS and orthic SOLONETZ, saline phase) well drained, moderately deep to deep, dark red,friable sandy loam to sandy clay, over quartz gravel (rhodic FERRLSOLS. petric phase) Soils developed on unconsolidated, clayey sediments (Plio-Pleistocene bay deposits) poorly drained, very deep, brown to dark brown, very firm, calcareous, saline and sodic clay, with topsoil of loamy sand to sandy loam; in places mottled (orthic and gleyic SOLONETZ, saline phase) very poorly drained, very deep, dark greyish brown to black, very firm, calcareous, saline and sodic clay: in places cracking (pellic VERTISOLS. saline-sodic phase and vertic SOLO - NETZ, saline phase) VOLCNIC PLINS (slopes less than 5%) PvV Soils developed on pyroclastic deposits and olivine basalts (Quaternary volcanics) well drained,shallow to moderately deep,dark greyish brown,friable, calcareous, gravelly sandy loam (mollic NO0SOLS. stony and petric phase) wel I drained, shallow to moderately deep, greyish brown to black, friable, clay loam to clay (LITHOSOLS and haplic CHERNOZEMS.partly lithic phase) FLOODPLINS ND LLUVIL VLLEYS than 2%) f r Soils developed on alluvial fan deposits (slopes less well drained, very deep, red to dark red, firm, sandy clay loam to clay Soils developed on recent to subrecent river deposits well drained,deep, dark reddish brown to dark red,firm, sandy Clay poorly drained.deep,dark brown to very dark grey, very firm, saline and sodic, cracking clay (pellic and chromic VERTISOLS, saline-sodic phase) wel I drained,deep,reddish brown to dark reddish brown, friable,sandy clay loam to sandy clay,over pisocalcic material (calcic LUVISOLS. petric phase) well drained, very deep, dark yellowish brown, very friable, sandy loam to sandy clay loam (eutric CMISOLS) poorly drained, very deep, brown to very dark brown, very firm, cracking clay (chromic VERTISOLS) poorly drained, very deep, brown to very dark brown, very firm, stratified clay (eutric FLUVISOLS) slope % KEY TC slope class symbol* C D E SLOPE CLSSES name of macrorelief flat to very gently undulating gently undulating undulating rolling hilly + nor indicated for mountains, hills, minor scarps and lava flows KEY TO DEPTH CLSSES symbol + thickness over rock lover petrocalcic/ or soil in cm pisocalcic matequa/tzgravel ria more than 120 p I K I»! II I --I shallow name moderately deep deep very deep + if a complex of depth class occurs wihin one unit, only the symbol of the shallowest depth class is indicated TEXTURL CLSSES 100/ percent sand KEY soil mapping symbol üüfrp.depth class symbol i slope class symbol ^_^ soil boundary >.., soil boundary (uncertain) ^^. slope class boundary jl Sq cm; 625 ha D i _4F ~ left OW-H ^-*X> v^v * e all weather road railway railway station bridge motorable track provincial boundary district boundary park boundary building school river water hole contours V.l. 1000ft. scarp hill top crater *>?# V *. ETHIOPI / / KENY >J» vkisumu MOMS DMINISTRTIVE OUNDRIES KITUI DISTRICT ESTERN PROVINCE ^ MCHKOS DISTRICT./ s C0ST pnovince TN RIVER DISTRICT ^COST '; r province KITUI DISTRICT V TIT DISTRICT, -V INDEX TO DJOINING SHEETS SOIL SURVEY ND MP PREPRTION soil survey and map compilation ( ) soil correlation map correlation cartography 1) Tsavo Research Project -WOTRO 2) Kenya Soil Survey w.vanwijngaarden 1! W.G.Sombroek 2 ' 8.J.. vander Pouw 2 ' D.M. Olulo 2)

5 MP SHEETS190,191,196 and 197 RECONNISSNCE SOIL MP OF THE VOI RE ppendix 1bto Report No.7 "Soils and Vegetation of the Tsavo rea" 38 30'E 3 S- 5 -L mE ' East of Greenwich Ministry of griculture-kenya Soil Survey and Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife-Tsavo Research Station-WOTRO* 15' 'E 3 S

6 4 S 38 30'E 39' East of Greenwich soo Netherlands Foundation for the dvancement of Tropical Research Printed by Printing and Packaging Corporation Limited, Likoni Road.P.O. ox 30157, Nairobi. ase map compiled and simplified from parts of Survey of Kenya topographical map sheets S and S scale 1:250,000 Scale 1:250,000 KILOMETRES I I I I 1 0 I I t KILOMETRES

7 LEGEND' M O U N T I N S (relief intensity m, slopes over16%) ML) Pn2KT Soils developed onvarious gneisses r - g complex of somewhat excessively drained, shallow to moderately Muc r V f deep, reddish brown to light red, rocky andstony soilsof varying texture; in places with humic topsoil (eutric REGOSOLS, lithic phase andhumic CMISOLS) H I L L S, M I N O R S C R P S N D L O W R I D G E S (relief intensity m,slopes from 5%toover 1 6%) HL Soils developed onsiltstones and shales(maji-ya-chumvi beds) ^ i ^ i ^ H imperfectly drained, moderately deep to deep, dark greyish p.i2ktpm ^ m brown, very firm, cracking, sandy clay to clay, with calcareous andsodic deeper subsoil (vertic* PHEOZEMS, sodic phase) moderately well drained, very deep, dark brown, friable, calcareous, sandy clay to clay (calcic CMISOLS) Pn2Sm HX Hx PsF Soils developed onmaterial derived from gneisses rich in ferromagnesian minerals well drained, very deep, dark red, friable, sandy clay loamto sandy Clay (rhodic FERRLSOLS and FERRL-- chromic LUVISOLS) FX Soils developed oncolluvium derived from various parent materials I H H well drained, deep to very deep, dark redto reddish brown, Fxr21 frjabie to firm, sandy clay loam to sandy clay PsFr2 Soils developed oncolluvium derived from crystalline limestone well drained, deep to very deep, dark redtodark reddish brown, friable to firm, sandy clay (calcic LUVISOLS, petric phase) Ps1 Soils developed on unconsolidated sandy sediments(quaternary superficial deposits) -eaaaawaaaaa well drained, moderately deep to deep, dark r e d, friable, *" I I sandy loam to sandy clay, over quartz gravel p (rhodic FERRLSOLS, petric phase) Ps2 Soils developed on unconsolidated clayey sediments (PIio-Pleistocene bay deposits) poorly drained, very deep, dark greyish brown to black, very firm, calcareous,sodic clay; in places saline and/or cracking (orthic andvertic* SOLONETZ, partly saline phase) Soils developed onphonolite (Tertiary volcanics) aaaaaaim LIC I - well drained, moderately deep to very deep, dark red, friable clay; in places bouldery (rhodic FERRLSOLS) - well drained, shallow to moderately deep, dark red, friable, rocky andbouldery clay (ferralic CMISOLS, lithic and stony phase) Soils developed onvarious parent materials I I 1 very poorly drained, very deep, dark greyish brown to black. I very firm, calcareous, cracking clay, with saline and sodic deeper subsoil (chromic and pellic VERTISOLS,saline-sodic phase) very poorly drained, very deep, dark brown to dark grey, firm to very firm, sodic clay, with calcareous andsaline deeper Subsoil (orthic SOLONETZ, saline phase) + FortheUtito ndei and Voi sheets onecombined legend was p r e pared. Thelegend ol this sheet however describes only the mapping units occurring onthis sheet. The descriptions denote thecharacteristics ot thesubsoil (usually the - horizon) Wherethe topsoil differs fromthis subsoil by two or more textural classes, it is also described. ll gneisses andcrystalline limestone mentioned in the legend belong tothe asement System rocks The names between brackets reflect thesoil classification according tothe 1974 FO UNESCO legend fortheir "Soil Map oftheworld". Prefixes marked with * are tentative terms awaiting international agreement on nomenclature DISSECTED EROSIONL/SEDIMENTRY PLINS(Nyika level: altitude m, slopes 1-5%) PdF Soils developed ongneisses rich in ferromagnesian minerals KEY TO SLOPE CLSSES aj-ir- well drained, moderately deep, dark red,friable to firm. PdFrpJ I s a n f j y C ay loa,,, t 0 sandy clay, over quartz gravel (chromic LUVISOLS, peine phase) P I E D M O N T P L I N S f l o n g slopes, 1-3%) YX Soils developed onalluvium derived from undifferentiated gneissesand crystalline limestone well drained, very deep, dark red, friable, sandy clay to clay X Soils developed onmaterial derived from fine tocoarse - grained sandstones andarkoses(taru grits) P L T E U S ( s l o p e s less than 2%) LI O T T O M L N D S ( s l o p e s less than 2%) well drained, very deep, dark redtodark reddish brown, I friable to firm, sandy clay 1 I,. i well drained, moderately deep to deep, dark reddish brown, psstkj f rrn s a n f j y c a y t 0 clay, over pisocalcic material Ps FL (orthic LUVISOLS, sodic phase andorthic SOLONETZ, saline phase) well drained, deep to very deep, redto dark red, friable to firm, sandy clay to clay (ferric LUVISOLS) PsSt Soils developed oncolluvium derived from various gneisses complex of moderately well drained to poorly drained, very deep, dark reddish brown to dark brown, firm to very firm, sandy clay toclay.in places calcareous, saline and/or sodic SEDIMENTRY P L I N S ( N y i k a level: altitude m, slopes less than2%) F O O T S L O P E S ( a t thefoot of mountains andhills, slopes2-6%) FU moderately well drained, shallow, calcareous, sandy clay to clay loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS, petrocalcic phase) M well drained, very deep,brown, friable to firm, sandy clay ^ ^ ^ ^ H loam to sandy clay, with sodic deeper subsoil (orthic LUVISOLS, sodic phase) I ;,i. i I complex of somewhat excessively drained, shallow, reddish c r ', ' / / v ' l brown to greyish brown, rocky andstony soils of varying texture (eutric anddystric REGOSOLS, lithic andstony phase) (chromic LUVISOLS, petrocalcic phase) Soils developed onfine - grained sandstones(mariakani sandstone) 1 well drained, shallow, black, gravelly loam, over petrocalcic material orrock forthic R E N D Z I N S ) well drained, shallow to moderately deep, dark greyish brown to <*.W M dark yellowish brown, calcareous, very stony, gravelly sandy clay loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS, petrocalcic phase) Soils developed on various parent materials Soils developed onsubrecent deposits in broad alluvial valleys well drained, deep, redto dark reddish brown, friable to firm, sandy clay to clay, over petrocalcic material Pn2Snlb Soils developed oncrystalline limestone v :.!: ; ;;i well drained, shallow, dark reddish brown to very dark brown, Pn2KTP L L J L L L J sandy clay loam to clay (eutric CMISOLS, lithic phase) PdFrp-PdFbK U P L N D S (major rivers deeply incised) SGL LEVEL(altitude approximately 1300m, slopes 5-16%) slope% symbol4" name of the macrorelief well drained, shallow, yellowish brown, calcareous, gravelly sandy clay loam,over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS, petrocalcic phase) 0-2 flat to very gently undulating complex of soils of units PdFrp and PdFbK 2-5 gently undulating 5-8 C undulating 8-16 D rolling E hilly ( F E R R L * - chromic. LUVISOLS) [ slope class - soils of unit PdFbK - well drained, shallow, dark reddish brown to darkred, stony andgravelly sandy clay loam,over quartz gravel (ferralic CMISOLS andchromic LUVISOLS, paralithic or petric phase) U1U Soils developed onundifferentiated gneisses PdSt «: ; i ri well drained, moderately deep to very deep, dark redto dark L up " ' I :-i reddish brown, firm clay (chromic*crisols) PdS,c NYIK L E V E L (altitude m, slopes 2-8%) Soils developed onfine tocoarse - grained sandstones andarkoses (Taru grits) *a^-*«^m :' H H H - well drained, shallow, dark reddish brown, stony, gravelly sandy clay loam (chromic CMISOLS andchromic LUVISOLS, paralithic phase) U3KT Soils developed on siltstones andshales (Maji-ya-Chumvi beds) - well drained, shallow, yellowish brown, calcareous, stony and gravelly sandy clay loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS,petrocalcic phase) -Tj-s well drained, shallow, dark reddish brown to very dark brown, I sandy clay loam (eutric CMISOLS, lithic phase) U3Sm Soils developed onfine - grained sandstones (Mariakani sandstone) well drained, deep to very deep, dark brown to yellowish brown, firm, sandy clay loam to clay, with topsoil of sandy loam PdT PaTC like U3Smb, but shallow to moderately deep, fairly rocky and fairly stony PLINS N O N - D I S S E C T E D EROSIONL PLINS NYIK L E V E L (altitude m, slopes less than2%) Pn2F Soils developed ongneisses rich in ferromagnesian minerals Soils developed oncarbonaceous shales (Maji-ya- Chumvi beds) ^ H H H (orthic LUVISOLS) H i KEY TO D E P T H CLSSES symbol + over rock orloverpetrocaicic/ soil in cm quartz graveljpisocalcic material thickness 0-50 P - well drained, shallow, strong brown, slightly stony, sandy Clay (orthic LUVISOLS, lithic phase) Soils developed onunconsolidated clayey sediments(plio-pleistocene bay deposits) imperfectly drained, very deep, strong brown to greyish brown, firm tovery firm, sodic. sandy clay to clay; in places saline (orthic SOLONETZ, partly saline phase) more than 120» name K shallow k moderately deep - well drained, shallow, yellowish brown, calcareous, gravelly loam, over petrocalcic material (calcic CMISOLS, petrocalcic phase) Pd + nof indicated tor mountains.hills andminor scarps deep very deep + it a complex ofdepth c/asses occurs within oneunit, only the symbol ot the shallowest depth class is indicated

8 Pn2F Pn2U Pti2Fr Pn2St Soils i developed on gneisses rich in ferromagnesian minerals M well drained, deep to very deep, dark red to dusky red, friable sandy clay (rhodic FERRLSOLS) like Pn2Fr, but moderately deep over quartz gravel a (rhodic FERRLSOLS, petric phase) Soils developed on undifferentiated gneisses Soils (Taru 3 well drained, deep to very deep, yellowish red,_yery friable, sandy clay to clay (orthic FERRLSOLS) developed on crystalline limestone well drained, moderately deep to very deep, dark red to dark reddish brown, firm, sandy clay to clay, over petrocalcic material (calcic and chromic LUVISOLS petrocalcic phase) developed on fine to coarse - grained sandstones and arkoses grits) well drained, moderately deep to deep, red to dark red, friable sandy clay, over quartz gravel (chromic LUVISOLS, petric phase) like Pn2Strp, but shallow to moderately deep well drained, moderately deep to deep, dark reddish brown to dark brown, firm,sandy clay to clay, over quartz gravel or pisoferric material (orthic and chromic* CRISOLS, petric or pisoferric phase) like Pn2Stbp, but shallow to moderately deep poorly drained, very deep, black, very firm, calcareous, cracking clay, with saline and sodic deeper subsoil (pellic VERTISOLS, saline-sodic phase) rown, firm to very tirm, sodic, sandy clay to clay; in places saline (orthic SOLONETZ, partly saline phase) F L O O D P L I N S N D L L U V I L VLLEYS(siopes less than 2%) f r Soils developed on alluvial fan deposits moderately well drained, very deep, dark brown, firm sandy clay, with sodic deeper subsoil (orthic LUVISOLS, sodic phase) imperfectly drained, very deep, dark brown, very firm, sandy clay to clay, with saline deeper subsoil (orthic LUVISOLS, saline phase) poorly drained, very deep, dark greyish brown, very firm, calcareous, saline and sodic clay (orthic SOLONETZ,saline phase) Soils developed on subrecent to recent river deposits complex of very deep, brown to very dark brown, stratified soils of varying drainage condition, consistence and texture (eutric and vertic* FLUVISOLS) complex of very deep, brown to very dark brown soils of varying drainage condition,consistence and texture; in places saline and sodic TEXTURL CLSSES 100/ 90? percent sand KEY Ü3Smt>p, ^, ^.^»_. soil mapping symbol.depth class symbol slope class symbol soil boundary soil boundary (uncertain) slope class boundary 1 Sq cm: 625 ha - M I if Sen ^J- ^SOOO «-f"^ H. track railway railway station nternational boundary jrovincial boundary district boundary auilding school bridge river pipeline contours V.l. 1000ft. hill top scarp - park boundary Most of the roads and tracks are in approximate alignment. ETHIOPI MOMS DMINISTRTIVE OUNDRIES "*- -;y<_-^-v*.-x;^ctn ESTERN KITUI 7 R VER PROVINCE DISTRICT /D STRICT TIT-TVET DISTRICT COST PROVINCE KILIFI -7 / DIS' DISTRICT KWLE DISTRICT ' /' ) INDEX TO DJOINING SHEETS SOIL SURVEY ND MP PREPRTION soil survey( ) soil correlation map compilation map correlation cartography 1) Tsavo Research Station -YtOTRO 2) Kenya Soil Survey W. van Wijngaarden, 1, W.G. Sombroek 2 ) H.C.K. Kinyanjui 2 ' W.G. Sombroek 2 ' W. van Wijngaarden 1). J. van der Pouw P.M.Maingi 2) 2)