Helium isotopic distribution of Australian natural gases
|
|
|
- Gregory Kelly
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Helium isotopic distribution of Australian natural gases Chris Boreham 1, Dianne Edwards 1 and Robert Poreda 2 1 Geoscience Australia, Canberra, ACT 2 University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 19 th Australian Organic Geochemistry Conference, Fremantle, 4-7 December 2016
2 Acknowledgment Isotope and Organic Geochemistry Lab at GA Junhong Chen Ziqing Hong Jacob Sohn Neel Jinadasa Prince Palatty Industry for access to gas samples
3 Talk Outline Distribution of natural gases composition and carbon isotopes Helium abundance and isotopes sources age control other Noble gases Helium processing - from wellhead to sales molecular and isotopic fractionation Conclusions
4 Helium distribution GA samples Over 1000 gases 821 with measurable [He] > % (1 ppm) 300 Total frequency = 821 Frequency economic He extraction? 50 Amadeus Basin > 10% He 0 to >1 Helium (%)
5 Location of natural gases for He isotopes 150 samples 11 basins Cenozoic to Cambrian (source and reservoir)
6 Natural Gas: mol. composition 5 4 Amadeus biodegradation Bass ln (C 2 /C 3 ) 3 2 kerogen cracking (1 o ) gas Bonaparte Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper 1 oil cracking (2 o ) gas Gippsland Gunnedah Crust ln (C 1 /C 2 ) modified after Tao et al. OG 2014 Otway Perth
7 Natural Gas: mol. composition and C-isotopes Amadeus Bass -5 Bonaparte δ 13 C 2 - δ 13 C biodegradation Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper Gippsland -25 Gunnedah -30 Otway Perth C 2 /C 3
8 Natural Gas: mol. composition and C-isotopes 5 Primary cracking Abiogenic 0 NSO cracking Amadeus Bass -5 Oil cracking biodegraded Bonaparte Bowen δ 13 C 2 - δ 13 C Browse Carnarvon Cooper Gippsland Gunnedah Otway Perth C 2 /C 3
9 Helium ( 3 He, 4 He)
10 4 He (α particle) crust and mantle sources Pb-206 stable α Po day 206 Pb 208 Pb Pb-208 stable 232 Thorium decay Thorium decay γ Po µsec β Tl-208 α 3 min β Uranium decay β Bi day γ β Pb yr Bi min γ β 160 µsec Po-214 Pb-212 α 10.6 hr β Bi-214 γ 19.7 min Po-216 α 0.15 sec Pb-214 Rn-220 α 27 min 238 Uranium decay γ β α 55 sec Po min γ Re-224 α 3.6 day α Rn-222 Th-228 α 3.8 day 1.9 yr γ Ra-226 β α 1602 yr γ Ac hr β α Re yr α 250,000 yr U-234 Th x10 16 yr β Th-230 Pa-234 U ,000 yr 232 Th γ min Rate determining step: t½ = billion yr γ β Th yr α percentage of radioactive material remaining 238 U 4.5x yr Rate determining step: t½ = 4.5 billion yr Radioactive Decay for U-238 Number of half lives time for U billion years
11 3 He sources Mantle primordial 3 He Crust 6 Li + n 3 H Tritium (t½ = 12.3 yr) Cosmic ray interaction with N & O
12 Helium sources R/Ra = 3 He/ 4 He sample / 3 He/ 4 He air ( 3 He/ 4 He air = 1.4 x 10-6 ) 3 He/ 4 He ~ (R/Ra ~ 8) Mantle Crust 3 He/ 4 He ~ (R/Ra ~ 0.02) degassing Meteoric water Air Saturated Water (ASW) 3 He/ 4 He = (R/Ra = 1) Air Cosmic ray? (R/Ra ~ 0.985)
13 He isotopes vs CO 2 10 R/Ra Mantle Amadeus Bass Bonaparte Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper Gippsland Gunnedah Otway Perth Crustal CO 2 %
14 He isotopes vs CO 2 10 R/Ra Mantle Amadeus Bass Bonaparte Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper Gippsland Gunnedah Otway Perth Crustal CO 2 %
15 He isotopes vs CO 2 1.0E E E+10 Crustal CO 2 Crustal CO 2 Amadeus Bass Bonaparte CO 2 / 3 He 1.0E E E+07 Mantle CO 2 Altered (CO 2 loss) Age Mantle CO 2 Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper Gippsland Gunnedah Otway Perth 1.0E+06 CO 2 loss CO 2 loss 1.0E R/Ra
16 He isotopes vs CO 2 isotopes 1.0E E+11 Amadeus 1.0E+10 Bass CO 2 / 3 He 1.0E E E E+06 Bonaparte Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper Gippsland Gunnedah Otway Perth 1.0E δ 13 CO 2
17 He isotopes vs CO 2 isotopes 1.0E E E+10 biodegradation CO 2 / 3 He 1.0E E+08 Carnarvon 1.0E E E δ 13 CO 2
18 Crust = 0.02Ra He isotopes vs Age (source rock) 10 coal seam gas (later input)? Amadeus Bass R/Ra 1? biodegraded : meteoric (Ra = 1) mixing high CO 2 (44%) Bonaparte Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper 0.1 Gippsland Gunnedah Otway Perth Age Ma
19 4 He ppm vs Age (source rock) Magee and Mt Kitty He ppm Air (5.2 ppm) Amadeus Bass Bonaparte Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper Gippsland Gunnedah Otway Perth Age Ma
20 Noble gas isotopes ( 3,4 He 20,21,22 Ne, 36,38,40 Ar, 78,80,82,,83,84 Kr, 124,126,128,129,130,131,132,134,136 Xe) Ne/ 4 He E-05 Air/ASW Mantle Amadeus Bass Bonaparte Bowen Browse Carnarvon Cooper Gippsland Gunnedah Otway Perth Crust 1E R/Ra
21 Helium Processing: from wellhead to sales gas
22 Geological factors for high [Helium] (USA experience straight from wellhead) He source - basement source has a larger source volume - hot (U, Th) sediment sources Partitioning of dissolved He in pore water with migrating gas phase - lower gas-water ratio higher [He] - old water: age of water in rock is more important than age of rock itself; look for old reservoirs with saline water Shallow depth and low geothermal gradients - more He partitioned into gas at low P, low T and high salinity Low maturity - less dilution by large volumes of generated hc gases Migration front: at edges of prolific petroleum systems - first gas strips most He from pore water Modified from A. A. Brown, Formation of High Helium Gases: A Guide for Explorationists. Search and Discovery Article 80115
23 Helium from Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Global (USA, Russia, Poland, Algeria, Qatar, Australia) % He Qatar: 0.04% He - extraction is economic because of large volume He extracted from concentrated gases separated from LNG Australia: 3 rd largest exported of LNG (2014) projected to be No. 1 exporter Qatar s North Field holds around ¼ of known global helium reserves LNG plant -
24 Australian LNG Natural gases Darwin LNG 2005 Prelude Ichthys NW Shelf Venture 1989 Greater Gorgon Pluto 2012 Wheatstone Coal Seam Gas Australian Pacific 2015 Qld Curtis LNG 2014 Gladstone LNG
25 Australia s only commercial He extraction plant Gas field He up to 0.28% CO % N % C % Darwin LNG
26 ConocoPhillips Optimized Cascade LNG process: Darwin LNG (DLNG) Bayu-Undan: DLNG feed gas DLNG Rejected N 2 DLNG Rejected CO 2 DLNG LNG DLNG NGL modified from
27 Darwin LNG (ConocoPhillips) Rejected N 2 Feed gas Darwin Helium (BOC) - Rejected CO 2 to incinerator Darwin LNG feed gas - NGL - LNG condensate predominately methane - Rejected N 2 ( tail gas ) to Darwin Helium (BOC)
28 Darwin Helium (BOC) plant Darwin Helium feed gas : 3.0% He, 0.1% H 2 ; 3.2% CH 4, 93.6% N % He (P5) modified from Dan Wilson and Jeremy Armstrong, Darwin Helium (BOC), Oct 16
29 Helium extraction: isotopic fractionation Bayu-Undan (He = av. 0.18%) (N 2 /He = av. 33) R/Ra = Rejected N 2 / He-concentrate (He = 3.0%) (N 2 /He = 31) R/Ra = He-pure (He = %) R/Ra = LNG no expected isotopic fract. Bayu-Undan (av. C 1 = 80.2%) av. δ 13 C 1 = δd = δ 13 C 1-7 (isotopically lighter) δd +8 (isotopically heavier) Rejected N 2 / He-concentrate (C 1 = 3.2%; 0.1% total) δ 13 C 1 = δd = Isotopic fractionations are consistent with the relative gas-liquid phase partitioning of CH 4, 13 CH 4 and CDH 3 Bigeleisen et al., Vapour pressures of isotopic methanes, J. Chem Phys (1967)
30 Conclusions 1/5 th of Australian gases have [He] > 0.05% potential for economic resource from LNG commercial for Bonaparte gas extraction (av. 0.18% He; 3.4% N 2 )? others areas (low N 2 /He and high [He] in N 2 -reject gas) Amadeus Basin has highest [He] (>10 mole%); rel. small reserves Crustal origin ( 4 He) is dominant Amadeus Basin with highest radiogenic 4 He Notable exceptions: Otway with recent volcanism ( 3 He), and Gunnedah (CSG) with intrusions(?) ( 3 He) CO 2 both linked and decoupled from He source linked: e.g. Otway decoupled: e.g. Carnarvon with carbonate decomposition and precipitation CO 2 loss is pervasive: carbonate mineral precipitation? Increasing source/reservoir age leads to greater overprint by crustal 4 He
Petroleum geochemistry in the Amadeus Basin, central Australia
Petroleum geochemistry in the Amadeus Basin, central Australia Amber Jarrett, Chris Boreham, Dianne Edwards and David McKirdy Images from CentralPetroleum.com.au, MIT.edu, plos.org Amadeus Basin Stratigraphy
The Source of Oil and Gas Accumulations in the Browse Basin, North West Shelf of Australia: A Geochemical Assessment*
The Source of Oil and Gas Accumulations in the Browse Basin, North West Shelf of Australia: A Geochemical Assessment* Emmanuelle Grosjean 1, Dianne S. Edwards 1, Tehani J. Kuske 1, Lisa Hall 1, Nadege
AUSTRALIA Petroleum. Oil and Gas in Australia: Status and Opportunities
AUSTRALIA Petroleum Oil and Gas in Australia: Status and Opportunities Tom Bernecker Leader Acreage Release & Petroleum Promotion Resources Division, Geoscience Australia, ACT Elinor Alexander Director
Geochemistry of Dew Point Petroleum Systems, Browse Basin, Australia
Geochemistry of Dew Point Petroleum Systems, Browse Basin, Australia D.S. Edwards 1, E. Grosjean 1, T. Palu 1, N. Rollet 1, L. Hall 1, C.J. Boreham 1, A. Zumberge 2, J. Zumberge 2, A.P. Murray 3, P. Palatty
Noble Gases Help Trace the Behavior of Hydrocarbons in the Crust*
Noble Gases Help Trace the Behavior of Hydrocarbons in the Crust* Thomas Darrah 1, Robert J. Poreda 2, and Ronald Perkins 3 Search and Discovery Article #41712 (2015)** Posted October 26, 2015 *Adapted
Unconventional hydrocarbons - Australia s old rocks prove their worth. Marita Bradshaw Geoscience Australia
Unconventional hydrocarbons - Australia s old rocks prove their worth Marita Bradshaw Geoscience Australia Unconventional hydrocarbons - CSG - Australia s Permian coals have proven their worth Shale gas
GEOCHEMISTRY OF RWENZORI HOT SPRINGS. Vincent Kato Department of Geological Survey and Mines, Entebbe, Uganda
GEOCHEMISTRY OF RWENZORI HOT SPRINGS Vincent Kato Department of Geological Survey and Mines, Entebbe, Uganda RWENZORI Length of 115Km Width of central dome 48 64 km Highest peak >5105m SnowyMountain Lakes
Update on Prospectivity Studies of the Georgina and Cooper Basins
Update on Prospectivity Studies of the Georgina and Cooper Basins Dianne Edwards, Lisa Hall, Bridget Ayling and the Onshore Energy Systems Group, Resources Division Northern Territory, Queensland and South
Contents. 1 Introduction Stable Isotopes
Contents 1 Introduction... 1 Part I Stable Isotopes 2 Isotope Geochemistry of Natural Waters... 11 2.1 Some Properties of Waters and Solutions... 11 2.1.1 The Notion of Activity and the Activity Coefficient...
Geologic Resources. Geologic Resources and Society. Geologic Resources and Society
Geologic Resources Our entire society rests upon - and is dependent upon - our water, our land, our forests, and our minerals. How we use these resources influences our health, security, economy, and well-being.
Questions. 1. What kind of radiation dominates the first phase of radiation emission from a nuclear fireball?
Questions 1. What kind of radiation dominates the first phase of radiation emission from a nuclear fireball? 2. What is the ignition temperature of wood? 3. What fuels a firestorm? Natural Radioactivity
Using Noble Gas and Hydrocarbon Gas Geochemistry to Source the Origin of Fluids in the Eagle Ford Shale of Texas, USA*
Using Noble Gas and Hydrocarbon Gas Geochemistry to Source the Origin of Fluids in the Eagle Ford Shale of Texas, USA* Jake Harrington 1, Colin Whyte 1, Karlis Muehlenbachs 1, and Tom Darrah 1 Search and
Earth resource investment opportunities in Victoria, Australia
Your Logo here Earth resource investment opportunities in Victoria, Australia ADELE SEYMON GeoScience Victoria Department of Primary Industries Victorian earth resources diverse and rich Gold world-class
The Petroleum Geology of the 2018 Offshore Acreage Release Areas
The Petroleum Geology of the 2018 Offshore Acreage Release Areas Thomas Bernecker, George Bernardel, Claire Orlov and Nadège Rollet Maturity (Ro%) Gas expelled(bcf/km 2 ) Bonaparte Basin Focus on Bayu/Undan
What can noble gases really say about mantle. 2) Extent of mantle degassing
What can noble gases really say about mantle convection and the deep Earth volatile cycles? 1) Constraints on mass flow 1) Constraints on mass flow 2) Extent of mantle degassing Outline: -Noble gas geochemistry
Alfonso Mucci and Anthony Williams-Jones Frank Dawson Adams (FDA)- 201/317
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences McGill University EPSC-220 PRINCIPLES OF GEOCHEMISTRY Alfonso Mucci and Anthony Williams-Jones alfonso.mucci@mcgill.ca; Anthony.Williams-jones@mcgill.ca Frank
Lecture 5. Introduction to Stable Isotopes
Lecture 5 Introduction to Stable Isotopes Stable Isotope Geochemistry Primarily concerned with the isotope ratios of H, C, N, O, and S Si and B often included and new instrumentation has opened up others
David I. Norman and Joseph N. Moore
PROCEEDINGS, TwentyThird Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering Stanford University, Stanford, California, January 2527, 1999 SGPTR162 METHANE AND EXCESS AND Ar IN GEOTHERMAL FLUID INCLUSIONS David
NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIOACTIVITY
CHAPTER 31 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIOACTIVITY CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS 1. REASONING AND SOLUTION Isotopes are nuclei that contain the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. A material is
Ch : Electrochemistry and Radiochemistry AP Review Questions
Ch. 17-21: Electrochemistry and Radiochemistry AP Review Questions Radioactivity: Zone of Stability All nuclides with 84 or more protons are unstable (radioactive). Light elements like the neutron to proton
PLATE TECTONIC PROCESSES
Lab 9 Name Sec PLATE TECTONIC PROCESSES 1. Fill in the blank spaces on the chart with the correct answers. Refer to figures 2.3, 2.4 p.33 (2.2 and 2.3 on p. 23) as needed. 2. With your knowledge of different
BARAKA SEEKS HELIUM & CONVENTIONAL HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL
ASX ANNOUNCEMENT/MEDIA RELEASE 21 ST May 2018 BARAKA SEEKS HELIUM & CONVENTIONAL HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL Baraka Energy & Resources Limited (ASX: BKP) (Baraka) or (the Company) having now been recapitalized
SOURCES of RADIOACTIVITY
Section 9: SOURCES of RADIOACTIVITY This section briefly describes various sources of radioactive nuclei, both naturally occurring and those produced artificially (man-made) in, for example, reactors or
The Use of Tracers to Validate CO 2 Migration Paths and Rates Detection and Monitoring of Migration and Leakage
The Use of Tracers to Validate CO 2 Migration Paths and Rates Detection and Monitoring of Migration and Leakage Linda Stalker Science Director for the National Geosequestration Laboratory (NGL) Matt Myers
OCN 201: Origin of the Earth and Oceans. Waimea Bay, Jan 2002
OCN 201: Origin of the Earth and Oceans Waimea Bay, Jan 2002 Periodic Table of the Elements Noble IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA IB IIB IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB gases H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si
ESS 312 Geochemistry Simulating Earth degassing using radionuclides
ESS 312 Geochemistry Simulating Earth degassing using radionuclides CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC EVOLUTION OF A TWO-RESERVOIR SYSTEM In lectures we discussed radioactive decay and build-up of a daughter isotope
OGIP Evaluation of Shale Gas and CBM with Basin Modeling and Gas Isotopes Interpretation*
OGIP Evaluation of Shale Gas and CBM with Basin Modeling and Gas Isotopes Interpretation* Daniel Xia 1,2 and Yongchun Tang 1 Search and Discovery Article #40842 (2011) Posted November 30, 2011 *Adapted
HISTORICAL NOTES. Catastrophism. James Usher, mid-1600s, concluded Earth was only a few thousand years old
1 GEOLOGIC TIME HISTORICAL NOTES Catastrophism James Usher, mid-1600s, concluded Earth was only a few thousand years old Uniformitarianism Charles Lyell published Principles of Geology 1830. 3 HOW DO WE
A Level. A Level Physics. Radioactive decay (Answers) Edexcel. Name: Total Marks: /30
Visit http://www.mathsmadeeasy.co.uk/ for more fantastic resources. Edexcel A Level A Level Physics Radioactive decay (Answers) Name: Total Marks: /30 Maths Made Easy Complete Tuition Ltd 2017 1. Radioactive
Radioactivity & Nuclear. Chemistry. Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School. Chemistry
Radioactivity & Nuclear Chemistry Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School Chemistry The Discovery of Radioactivity Antoine-Henri Becquerel designed an experiment to determine if phosphorescent minerals also
Helium currently commands around US$100 per thousand cubic feet, compared to around US$3.00 in Australia for equivalent volumes of natural gas.
TO: Manager, Company Announcements ASX Limited 280109 CONTACT: John Heugh +61 8 9474 1444 NEW RESULTS SET CENTRAL AUSTRALIA ON COURSE AS POTENTIAL GLOBAL SUPPLIER OF HELIUM GAS New geoscientific data released
Environmental Isotopes in Hydrology. Woocay substituting for Walton
Environmental Isotopes in Hydrology Oct 7, 2010 1 What is an Isotope? An element is defined by the number of protons (Z) in the nucleus The number of neutrons (N) defines the isotope(s) of that element
Page 17a. Objective: We will identify different types of radioactive decay. Warm-up:
Page 17a Objective: We will identify different types of radioactive decay. Warm-up: What are the three subatomic particles? Where is each particle located in the atom? What is an isotope? Page 17a (again)
The History of the Earth
The History of the Earth Origin of the Universe The universe began about 13.9 billion years ago According to Big Bang theory almost all matter was in the form of energy E = MC 2 E = energy, M = mass and
Thermal Footprints in Time: Exploring the Crust using Thermochronometry Brent McInnes Director, John de Laeter Centre
Thermal Footprints in Time: Exploring the Crust using Thermochronometry Brent McInnes Director, John de Laeter Centre Noreen Evans, Brad McDonald and Martin Danisik Curtin University Introduction Heat
2. For the following two compounds between oxygen and hydrogen: 3. Tell what discoveries were made by each of the following scientists:
EXTRA HOMEWORK 1A 1. When Dalton proposed that matter was composed of atoms, why was his Atomic Theory accepted? 2. For the following two compounds between oxygen and hydrogen: Mass of O Mass of H Compound
12. Data from Ito et al. (1987) Chemical Geology, 62, ; Figure ; and LeRoex et al. (1983) J. Petrol., 24,
Announcements Reading for Wed: p.363-399!!! p.362-366; p.373-378; p.383-386; p.392-394; p.395-399 Last lecture on Wednesday Bring food for pizza party Bring class notes, labs, book N-MORBs: 87 Sr/ 86 Sr
Geochemical Characteristics of Oil and Gas Accumulations Used to Define the Petroleum Systems of the Browse Basin
Geochemical Characteristics of Oil and Gas Accumulations Used to Define the Petroleum Systems of the Browse Basin Dianne Edwards, Emma Grosjean & Nadege Rollet with contributions from Steve Abbott, Ron
Radiogenic Isotope Systematics and Noble Gases. Sujoy Mukhopadhyay CIDER 2006
Radiogenic Isotope Systematics and Noble Gases Sujoy Mukhopadhyay CIDER 2006 What I will not cover.. U-Th-Pb sytematics 206 Pb 204 Pb 207 Pb 204 Pb 208 Pb 204 Pb = t = t = t 206 Pb 204 Pb 207 Pb 204 Pb
Storage 6 - Modeling for CO 2 Storage. Professor John Kaldi Chief Scientist, CO2CRC Australian School of Petroleum, University of Adelaide, Australia
Storage 6 - Modeling for CO 2 Storage Professor John Kaldi Chief Scientist, CO2CRC Australian School of Petroleum, University of Adelaide, Australia Regina, Sask., Canada, 17-22 July, 2016 Modeling 2 What
Farnham Dome and Grassy Trails Fields, Utah
Farnham Dome and Grassy Trails Fields, Utah CO 2 accumulation sources and migration paths Matthew Merrill 1, Andrew Hunt 2 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA USA 2 U.S. Geological Survey, Lakewood, CO
Lecture 13. Constraints on Melt Models Arising From Disequilibrium in the Th-U Decay System
Lecture 13 Constraints on Melt Models Arising From Disequilibrium in the Th-U Decay System (for reference: see Uranium-Series Geochemistry, volume 52 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (Bourdon,
Earth s Structure and Surface
Earth s Structure and Surface Structure of the Earth The earth is thought have originated about 4.5 billion years ago from a cloud or clouds of dust. The dust was the remains of a huge cosmic explosion
The History of the Earth
The History of the Earth We have talked about how the universe and sun formed, but what about the planets and moons? Review: Origin of the Universe The universe began about 13.7 billion years ago The Big
The Earth. February 26, 2013
The Earth February 26, 2013 The Planets 2 How long ago did the solar system form? Definition: Cosmic Rays High-energy particles that constantly bombard objects in space Mostly they are hydrogen nuclei
Introduction to Petroleum Geochemistry and its Significance in Hydrocarbon Exploration. and. How to Get Your Scholarships Abroad?
Introduction to Petroleum Geochemistry and its Significance in Hydrocarbon Exploration and How to Get Your Scholarships Abroad? Oleh: RAGIL PRATIWI GEOSERVICES UNDIP SHARING SESSION Semarang, 20 th June
Geochemical Characteristics of Reservoir Fluid from NW-Sabalan Geothermal Field, Iran
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2010 Bali, Indonesia, 25-29 April 2010 Geochemical Characteristics of Reservoir Fluid from NW-Sabalan Geothermal Field, Iran Svetlana Strelbitskaya and Behnam Radmehr
Geol Supplementary Notes 463-RWR-1,2 GEOL RWR-1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO PETROLEUM GEOLOGY: OUTLINE OF MATERIAL TO BE COVERED
GEOL 463.3 RWR-1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO PETROLEUM GEOLOGY: OUTLINE OF MATERIAL TO BE COVERED Recommended sections to read in the textbook: Chapters 1 and 2 (p. 2-22): Background to development of petroleum
Lithosphere: (Rocky Sphere) Solid, rocky, outer layer of the Earth. Includes the crust and part of the upper mantle. Lithosphere
Lithosphere: (Rocky Sphere) Solid, rocky, outer layer of the Earth. Includes the crust and part of the upper mantle. Lithosphere Permafrost Permafrost Ground that is at a temperature of 0 or below for
Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology. land. Clark and Peter Fritz
Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology land. Clark and Peter Fritz www. science.uottawa. ca/~eih LEWIS PUBLISHERS Boca Raton New York CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: THE ENVIRONMENTAL ISOTOPES 1 Environmental Isotopes
Lecture 3: Radiometric Dating Simple Decay
Lecture 3: Radiometric Dating Simple Decay The oldest known rocks on Earth: 4.28 billion years - Nuvvuagittuq belt region, N Quebec on the shores of Hudson Bay. O Neil et al., Science 321 (2008) 1828-1831.
Although steam alone is produced from wells and natural vents in vapor-dominated systems, it is generally accepted that
THE USE OF NOBLE GASES AND STABLE ISOTOPES TO INDICATE TEMPERATURES AND MECHANISMS OF SUBSURFACE BOILING AND (LESS CERTAINLY) RESERVOIR DEPLETION IN GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS Robert W. Potter, 11, Alfred H. Truesdell,
SAMPLE QUESTIONS FOR GEOLOGY 103, TEST 2
SAMPLE QUESTIONS FOR GEOLOGY 103, TEST 2 The correct answers are listed at the bottom (no peeking!). These questions are to give you an idea of the type of questions that will be asked. They are not a
4.1 Atomic structure and the periodic table. GCSE Chemistry
4.1 Atomic structure and the periodic table GCSE Chemistry All substances are made of atoms this is cannot be chemically broken down it is the smallest part of an element. Elements are made of only one
EARTH S ENERGY SOURCES
EARTH S ENERGY SOURCES The geological processes that shape the Earth s surface are powered by two major sources of energy; geothermal heat from the Earth s interior and external energy from the sun. The
POTENTIAL USE OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY PRODUCTS DATING GROUNDWATER FOR. W. R. Cornman and I. W. Marine
FOR POTENTIAL USE OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY PRODUCTS DATING GROUNDWATER by W. R. Cornman and I. W. Marine Savannah River Laboratory E. I. du Pent de Nemurs & Co. Aiken, SC 29801 Proposed for publication in
17. Radiometric dating and applications to sediment transport
OCEAN/ESS 410 17. Radiometric dating and applications to sediment transport William Wilcock Lecture/Lab Learning Goals Understand the basic equations of radioactive decay Understand how Potassium-Argon
A geochemical overview of some Gippsland Basin hydrocarbon accumulations
A geochemical overview of some Gippsland Basin hydrocarbon accumulations Dianne Edwards Manzur Ahmed, Tom Bernecker, Chris Boreham, Se Gong, Louise Goldie-Divko, John Gorter, Lisa Hall, Rob Langford, Cam
Understanding the contribution of naturally occurring radionuclides to the measured radioactivity in AWE Environmental Samples
Understanding the contribution of naturally occurring radionuclides to the measured radioactivity in AWE Environmental Samples Dr Jonathan Burnett ASc Analytical Sciences PhD Supervisors Dr Richard Greenwood
Unit 2 Lesson 3 Absolute Dating. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
It s About Time! How can the absolute age of rock be determined? Determining the actual age of an event or object in years is called absolute dating. Scientists often use radioactive isotopes to find the
The Role of Magnetotellurics in Geothermal Exploration
The Role of Magnetotellurics in Geothermal Exploration Adele Manzella CNR - Via Moruzzi 1 56124 PISA, Italy manzella@igg.cnr.it Foreword MT is one of the most used geophysical methods for geothermal exploration.
Lecture 13. Hydrothermal Circulation
Lecture 13. Hydrothermal Circulation The discovery of hot springs on the ocean floor during the 1970s was one of the most exciting events in the history of oceanography. Although hydrothermal activity
Integrated petroleum systems analysis to understand the source of fluids in the Browse Basin, Australia
Integrated petroleum systems analysis to understand the source of fluids in the Browse Basin, Australia Tehani Palu A, Lisa Hall A, Emmanuelle Grosjean A,C, Dianne Edwards A, Nadege Rollet A, Karen Higgins
Hydrocarbon Processing Techniques
Hydrocarbon Processing Techniques Processes and Techniques Involved in Extracting and Refining Hydrocarbons Key term: Kerogen a mixture of organic matter in sediments from which petroleum is released.
On the Chemical Composition of Europa s Icy Shell, Ocean and Unterlying Rocks
On the Chemical Composition of Europa s Icy Shell, Ocean and Unterlying Rocks M. Yu. Zolotov (Arizona State University) J. S. Kargel (University of Arizona) By Isabella Kraus Overview Introduction Composition
The principle of fossil succession allows strata in different parts of the world to be correlated, and worldwide relative ages to be worked out
Correlating beds using index fossils Stratigraphic Classification: Piles of stratified rocks need to be classified. A formation is an easily identifiable rock unit that differs from layers above and below
Science 10. Unit 4:Physics. Block: Name: Book 3: radioactivty
Science 10 Unit 4:Physics Book 3: radioactivty Name: Block: 1 5.1 : Radioactivity & Nuclear Equations Isotopes are versions of an element with the same but Because the number of protons is the same for,
EGRU, JCU. 7 th December 2017 Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Aims and Scope
Fertility assessment for Au-Cu of Pennsylvanian early Permian volcanic rocks of the Townsville Bowen region (NE Queensland, Australia): a whole rock and zircon trace element geochemical approach Isaac
Isotopes as tools. Isotopes Equal places Stable versus unstable/radiogenic (anthropogenic vs natural) Basics Examples
Discussion 2 Paper due to me Sept 30-pdf and complete citation Find a paper using isotopes as tool for understanding biogeochemical processes They may be radiogenic or stable Written paper same requirements
Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear Terminology
Nuclear Chemistry Up to now, we have been concerned mainly with the electrons in the elements the nucleus has just been a positively charged things that attracts electrons The nucleus may also undergo
Sources of Radiation Exposure
Sources of Radiation Exposure Sources of Radiation Exposure to the US Population (from U.S. NRC, Glossary: Exposure. [updated 21 July 2003, cited 26 March 2004] http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/basic-ref/glossary/exposure.html
Radiogenic Isotopes. W. F. McDonough 1 1 Department of Earth Sciences and Research Center for
Radiogenic Isotopes W. F. McDonough 1 1 Department of Earth Sciences and Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan (Dated: May 17, 2018) I. SUMMRY Isotope systems
Issues of the Age of the Earth Parts 1 & 2
Issues of the Age of the Earth Parts 1 & 2 Why is Age such an issue? Incomprehensible ages make evolution seem possible. In billions of years anything can happen Impossible to test possible to construct
Rn assay and distillation purification
Rn assay and distillation purification of Lq. Xe for Kr Introduction Distillation purification of Xe for Kr Kr assay with API-MS detector Rn assay with XMASS prototype detector Summary Yasuo Takeuchi (Kamioka
Changes in Matter. 2. Chemical Changes
PSC 36 Changes in Matter There are three kinds of changes that matter can undergo: hanges C l a c i. Phys. Chemical Changes 1 3. Nuc lear C hange s Important for you: understand the basic differences between
Science 10 Radioactivity Review v3
Class: Date: Science 10 Radioactivity Review v3 Modified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true. 1. An atom
USING NEUTRINOS TO STUDY THE EARTH. Nikolai Tolich University of Washington
USING NEUTRINOS TO STUDY THE EARTH Nikolai Tolich University of Washington Outline Introduction Recent results The future Structure of the Earth Seismic data splits Earth into 5 basic regions: inner core,
Homework VII: Mantle Evolution and Heat Flow
1 Revised November 13, 1 EENS 634/434 The Earth Homework VII: Mantle Evolution and Heat Flow 1. Melting events in the mantle can cause fractionation of trace elements. For radiogenic isotopes this is important
Geologic History Unit Notes. Relative age - general age statement like older, younger more recent
Geologic History Unit Notes Relative age - general age statement like older, younger more recent Absolute age - specific age like 4,600 million years old Fundamental Principles of Relative Dating 1. Uniformitarianism
Chapter 8 Earth Systems
Chapter 8 Earth Systems Friedland and Relyea Environmental Science for AP, second edition 2015 W.H. Freeman and Company/BFW AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which was not
Chapter Three: Coalbed Gas in the Cherokee Basin
Chapter Three: Coalbed Gas in the Cherokee Basin The first test in Kansas to assess coalbed gas potential in southeastern Kansas was from several wells drilled during the late 1980 s in Wilson and Montgomery
C1.7 EARTH AND ITS ATMOSPHERE
C1.7 EARTH AND ITS ATMOSPHERE Q1. (a) Scientists have suggested that: the Earth formed as a molten ball of rock and minerals the rock and minerals cooled slowly the surface of the Earth was covered by
Investigation of Compositional Grading in Petroleum Reservoirs
Investigation of Compositional Grading in Petroleum Reservoirs Zhangxing Chen University of Calgary Outline Importance of the Research Factors Leading to Compositional Variations Compositional Grading
Halogen and argon evidence of Martian hydrous fluids in nakhlite meteorites Ray Burgess
Halogen and argon evidence of Martian hydrous fluids in nakhlite meteorites Ray Burgess School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University of Manchester, UK Topics Halogens and noble gases
Petroleum Systems Modelling for Petroleum Prospectivity Analysis in the Cooper Basin, Australia
Petroleum Systems Modelling for Petroleum Prospectivity Analysis in the Cooper Basin, Australia Lisa Hall 1, Tony Hill 2, Tehani Palu 1, Chris Boreham 1, Dianne Edwards 1, Alison Troup 3, Liuqi Wang 1,
-discovered set of patterns that applied to all elements published 1st periodic table. -wrote properties of each on note cards (density, color)
Dmitri Mendeleev -discovered set of patterns that applied to all elements -1869 published 1st periodic table -total of 63 elements discovered -wrote properties of each on note cards (density, color) -noticed
You may remove this page. ph + poh = 14. ph = -log[h+], [H+] = 10-pH qlost = -qgained
![You may remove this page. ph + poh = 14. ph = -log[h+], [H+] = 10-pH qlost = -qgained](/thumbs/88/115139826.jpg "You may remove this page. ph + poh = 14. ph = -log[h+], [H+] = 10-pH qlost = -qgained")
You may remove this page. ph = -log[h+], [H+] = 10-pH 1 2 / ph + poh = 14 0.693 q = mc T q = nlr HLR qlost = -qgained JBA 2018 Chemistry Exam 3 Name: Score: /100 = /80 Multiple choice questions are worth
Storage 4 - Modeling for CO 2 Storage. Professor John Kaldi Chief Scientist, CO2CRC Australian School of Petroleum, University of Adelaide, Australia
Storage 4 - Modeling for CO 2 Storage Professor John Kaldi Chief Scientist, CO2CRC Australian School of Petroleum, University of Adelaide, Australia 1 Modelling 2 On Models. All models are wrong. some
Question 1 (1 point) Question 2 (1 point) Question 3 (1 point)
Question 1 (1 point) If the Earth accreted relatively slowly, the heat obtained from the gravitational potential energy would have had time to escape during its accretion. We know that the Earth was already
For personal use only
30 April 2012 Highlights: MARCH QUARTERLY REPORT Comet Ridge plans three wells and moves towards pilot scheme as gas supply tightens in Queensland and coal mine power demand in Galilee Basin drives gas
Chapter 17. Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
Chapter 17 Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry The Discovery of Radioactivity (1896) Antoine-Henri Bequerel designed experiment to determine whether phophorescent minerals also gave off X-rays. Bequerel
The noble gas are. Helium(H), neon (Ne),argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn)
The noble gas are Helium(H), neon (Ne),argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn) Uniqueness What makes my family unique? Their nobility. They act as though they are better than all the rest!
Ch 17 Radioactivity & Nuc. Chemistry Study Guide Accelerated Chemistry SCANTRON
Ch 17 Radioactivity & Nuc. Chemistry Study Guide Accelerated Chemistry SCANTRON Name No-Calculators Allowed /65 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers
ATOC 3500/CHEM 3151 Air Pollution Chemistry Lecture 1
ATOC 3500/CHEM 3151 Air Pollution Chemistry Lecture 1 Note Page numbers refer to Daniel Jacob s online textbook: http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/ jacobbook/index.html Atmos = vapor + sphaira
PTYS 214 Spring Announcements. Next midterm 3/1!
PTYS 214 Spring 2018 Announcements Next midterm 3/1! 1 Previously Solar flux decreases as radiation spreads out away from the Sun Planets are exposed to some small amount of the total solar radiation A
GEOCHRONOLOGY Lecture 07 Common Lead Dating
GEOCHRONOLOGY 2008 Lecture 07 Common Lead Dating Common Lead vs Radiogenic Lead Pb derived from decay of U and Th is described as radiogenic lead. In a system containing U and Th, the isotopic composition
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity 2.1 Multiple-Choice 1) The smallest particle of an element that can be identified as that element is: A) a proton
Overview of Indonesian Geothermal System
Overview of Indonesian Geothermal System The Resources Beyond High Enthalpy Magmatic/Volcanic Systems By Dr.Eng. Suryantini ITB 4/3/2017 1 Outline Current Condition of Indonesian Geothermal Resources and
Radioactivity and Radioactive Decay
and Radioactive Decay 40 We go back in time again. The beginning of the events leading to our modern understanding of how the nucleus works can be taken back to 1896. That is about thirteen years before
Discussion assignment
Discussion 2 Paper due to me Sept 28-pdf and complete citation Find a paper using isotope(s) as tool for understanding biogeochemical processes They or it may be radiogenic or stable Written paper same