Characterizing Sources of Stream Turbidity in the Marcellus Shale Gas-Well Drilling Region in Central Pennsylvania
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1 Characterizing Sources of Stream Turbidity in the Marcellus Shale Gas-Well Drilling Region in Central Pennsylvania Matt Bell, Rose Nash & Md. Khalequzzaman Department of Geology & Physics Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA
2 Purpose and Scope Main focus was to determine if Marcellus Shale gas play and road infrastructure contribute to turbidity in receiving streams We hypothesized that increased Marcellus Shale infrastructure would contribute to turbidity in receiving streams Determine link between landuse practices and sources of turbidity o Stream-Bed Sediment (turbidity proxy) o Adjacent Stream Bank Sediment o Surrounding Farmland/Forest o Dirt/Gravel Road Sediment
3 Methods and Analysis Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) and ArcSWAT modeling X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of sediments Statistical analysis (student s t-test) to compare elemental concentrations observed in various sediment types collected from different watersheds o, Sr, Mn, Si, Al+K, Ni+Zn Graphically compare sediment types to determine their contribution to turbidity o Ternary diagrams constructed with above elements Compare results of two watersheds o Baker Run, with extensive Marcellus Shale gas play o Marsh Creek, void of Marcellus Shale gas play (control)
4 Comparing the Watersheds Marsh Creek (control) No Marcellus extraction activities Gravel roads with little upkeep Coated, dilapidated, broken-down limestone Siliciclastic surficial geology tskill Fm, Rockwell Fm, Lock Haven group Mixed landuse Baker Run (case study) 9 Marcellus extraction pads Increased gravel road infrastructure Gravel roads resurfaced often Siliciclastic surficial geology tskill Fm, Burgoon SS, Pottsville Fm Predominantly forested
5 Study Locations Marsh Creek Watershed Baker Run Watershed
6 Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) Model of Baker Run Watershed
7 Road Influence on Topographically Wet Areas
8 ArcSWAT Surface Discharge & Sediment Yield Model of Baker Run Sub-watersheds
9 Marsh Creek (control) Baker Run (case study) Si Sr Si Sr
10 Marsh Creek (control) Baker Run (case study) Si Ni+Zn Si Ni+Zn
11 Marsh Creek (control) Baker Run (case study) Mn Sr Mn Sr
12 Marsh Creek (control) Baker Run (case study) Ni+Zn Sr Ni+Zn Sr
13 Marsh Creek (control) Baker Run (case study) Ni+Zn Al+K Ni+Zn Al+K
14 Marsh Creek (control) Baker Run (case study) Si Mn Si Mn
15 Marsh Creek (control) Baker Run (case study) Si 200 Si Sr Sr
16 Summary of Results Marsh Creek (control) Sediments from different localities were NOT statistically separable by elemental concentrations in terms of all elements analyzed Fouling of road sediment over time, causing road sediment to read similar to other localities 28-78% of gravel road samples were plotted in close proximity to stream-bed samples in ternary diagrams Baker Run (case study) Road sediments were statistically different from other localities in terms of, Sr, and Mn Road sediments are relatively unaffected by physical and chemical breakdown, resulting in an identifiable geochemical signature compared to other sediment types 11-44% of gravel road samples were plotted in close proximity to stream bed-samples in ternary diagrams
17 Conclusions Marcellus Shale infrastructures in our study area do not contribute to stream turbidity more than other landuse practices Statistical analysis indicated that stream turbidity in both watersheds is influenced by sediments originating from all landuse practices This study has implications for determining sources of turbidity in other geographic and geologic settings
18 Author Contact Information Matt Bell Rose Nash Md. Khalequzzaman
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