Inversion of Earthquake Rupture Process:Theory and Applications

Transcription

1 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Yun-tai CHEN 12 * Yong HANG 12 Li-sheng XU 2 1School of the Earth and Space Sciences, eking University, Beijing Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing *Correspondent author; chenyt@cea-igp.ac.cn

2 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications 3. Applications 3.1 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November The M W 7.9 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake of 12 May The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 14 April Applications to the earthquake emergency response 3.5 Summary

3 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications 3. Applications 3.1 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November The M W 7.9 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake of 12 May The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 14 April Applications to the earthquake emergency response 3.5 Summary

4 Recent significant earthquakes in the Tibetan plateau

5 Focal mechanisms of the recent significant earthquakes in the Tibetan plateau

6 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November 2001

7 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November 2001 Distribution of static (final) slip on the fault plane obtained by the inversion. White star represents the hypocenter.

8 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November 2001 Slip-rate snap shot Slip snap shot

9 Distribution of surface ruptures of the M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November 2001 (a) Map view of surface ruptures

10 Distribution of surface ruptures of the M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November 2001 (b) Horizontal offset distribution along strike

11 Distribution of surface ruptures of the M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November 2001 (c) vertical offset distribution along strike

12 Distribution of surface ruptures of the M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November 2001 (a) Map view of surface ruptures (b) Horizontal offset distribution along strike (c) vertical offset distribution along strike

13 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications 3. Applications 3.1 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November The M W 7.9 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake of 12 May The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 14 April Applications to the earthquake emergency response 3.5 Summary

14 The 2008 M W 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake Epicenter location, main faults in epicentral area, historical earthquakes, main cities along Longmenshan Fault, and focal mechanism (strike 225 /dip 39 /rake 120 ) of the 2008 M W 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake

15 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Epicentral distribution of the 6,496 relocated earthquakes in central-western China using the double-difference algorithm

16 NE Longmenshan Fault is a seismic zone of 470km 50km Focal depth 30km NW SE SW

17 Distribution of the static (final) slip and aftershocks of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

18 Spatio-temporal rupture process of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

19 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Slip snap shot

20 Spatio-temporal rupture process of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

21 Fault model of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake for the joint inversion of seismic and GS data earthquake

22 Fault model of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake for the joint inversion of seismic and GS data earthquake

23 Static slip distribution on the fault plane

24 Aftershocks of the 2008 M W 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake

25 Variation in focal mechanism

26 Isoseismals of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake Beichuan-ingwu Legend Epc Yingxiu-Dujianyan-Wenchuan km

27 4.7m 6.6m 4.7m Yingxiu-Dujianyan-Wenchuan area

28 4.0m 5.7m 4.0m Yingxiu-Dujianyan-Wenchuan area

29 Beichuan-ingwu area Legend Epc Yingxiu-Dujianyan-Wenchuan area In Wenchuan earthquake two significant patches with peak slips of 8.9m and 6.7m just underneath the Yingxiu-Dujiangyan-Wenchuan and Beichuan-inwu areas respectively, breached the ground surface correspond to the two meizoseismal areas. Yingxiu-Dujiangyan-Wenchuan area: peak-slip on the surface: calculated 7.5m, observed 6.6m; Beichuan-inwu area:peak-slip on the surface: calculated 6.7m, observed 5.7m

30 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications 3. Applications 3.1 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November The M W 7.9 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake of 12 May The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 14 April Applications to the earthquake emergency response 3.5 Summary

31 Recent significant earthquakes in Tibetan plateau

32 3.3 The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 2010 April N Q u m arlee b Q ingshuih e F a u lt B a ya n H a r M a in eak F ault h idoi T a rla g F ault G a de e /0 4/14 0 9:25 M S 6.3 C h indu 2010/0 4/14 0 7:49 M S 7.1 T a rlag 33.5 adoi Y u s h u G a rzee Y u sh u F ault one S eerxu u 33 Q ingshuih e F ault 32.5 igasi D eeqeen F ault D eegee 32 G a rz ee Jom d a B a iyu E

33 3.3 The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 2010 April 14 Teleseismic rupture model Epc meizoseismal area

34 3.3 The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 2010 April 14 Teleseismic rupture model

35 The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 2010 April 14 Epc meizoseismal area

36 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications 3. Applications 3.1 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November The M W 7.9 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake of 12 May The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 14 April Applications to the earthquake emergency response

37 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications The spatio-temporal rupture process of the significant earthquakes worldwide since 2009 were determined using the fast and robust inversion method we developed in the last two decades, and the inverted results obtained within a few hours after the occurrence of the earthquake were reported immediately to the authorities and released to the public. The method proved to be very useful in the earthquake disaster emergency response.

38 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications 3. Applications 3.1 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November The M W 7.9 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake of 12 May The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 14 April Applications to the earthquake emergency response 3.5 Summary

39 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Applications to the earthquake emergency response The spatio-temporal rupture process of the significant earthquakes worldwide since 2009 were determined using the fast and robust inversion method we developed in the last two decades, and the inverted results obtained within a few hours after the occurrence of the earthquake were reported immediately to the authorities and released to the public. The method proved to be very useful in the earthquake disaster emergency response.

40 Applications to the significant earthquakes since 2009 for domestic M>6.5,worldwide M>7.5

41 Applications to the significant earthquakes since 2009

42 Applications to the significant earthquakes since 2009

43 Azimuth (Deg) No.6 The M W 7.8 off west coast of the South Island, N.., earthquake of 15 July JNU WAKE NACB GUMO KKM DAV MANU TARA KSM SBM RABL UGM KNRA XMIS COCO MIDW KI OHA XMAS TF DGAR RN 150 SNAA MSA EFI LCA TRQA LCO Distribution of earthquake epicenter ( ) and seismic stations ( ) Time (s) Azimuth-dependant apparent source time function (ASTF)

44 Moment rate (10 20 Nm/s) The M W 7.8 off west coast of the South Island, N.., earthquake of 15 July 2009 Obtained and released 3.75 hours after the earthquake occurrence STF t (s) Slip distribution on the fault plane Ground surface projection of slip distribution on the fault plane

45 The M W 7.8 off west coast of the South Island, N.., earthquake of 15 July 2009 Rupture process of earthquake source Earthquake rupture process

46 The M W 7.8 off west coast of the South Island, N.., earthquake of 15 July KNRA RABL TF MANU TARA XMAS UGM MSA SNAA GUMO XMIS DAV WAKE SBM RN KKM COCO KSM OHA KI EFI MIDW LCA NACB JNU TRQA DGAR LCO 120 s Fitness of observed ( ) and synthetic ( )seismograms

47 Applications to the significant earthquakes since 2009 for domestic M>6.5,worldwide M>7.5

48 Azimuth (Deg) No February 2010 Chile M W 8.8 earthquake DGMT LONY U15A HNH BLA S24A SBC BRAL SABA ROSA RCBR SACV TCN ASCN SHEL 200 SNO LBTB 150 VNDA Distribution of earthquake epicenter ( ) and seismic stations ( ) Time (s) Azimuth-dependant apparent source time function (ASTF)

49 No February 2010 Chile M W 8.8 earthquake Moment rate (10 20 Nm/s) Obtained 3.2 hours after the occurrence t (s) Slip distribution on the fault plane Ground surface projection of slip distribution on the fault plane

50 No February 2010 Chile M W 8.8 earthquake Earthquake rupture process

51 No February 2010 Chile M W 8.8 earthquake RCBR TCN SABA ASCN SHEL VNDA BRAL SACV BLA S24A HNH U15A LONY SNO SBC LBTB ROSA DGMT 150 s Fitness of observed ( ) and synthetic ( )seismograms

52 Applications to the significant earthquakes since 2009 for domestic M>6.5,worldwide M>7.5

53 No.16 6 April 2010 Sumatra M W 7.8 earthquake Azimuth (Deg) CLTB FUORN EIL KIEV RDO BOSA RAYN LV OBN MSEY KBS TIXI YAK KURK TLY GAMB SIA BILL SMY MAJO JHJ2 CBIJ WAKE MANU TARA MG CTAO MSVF EIDS ARMA YNG TAU CASY Distribution of earthquake Time (s) epicenter ( ) and seismic stations ( ) Ground surface projection of slip distribution on the fault plane

54 No.16 6 April 2010 Sumatra M W 7.8 earthquake Moment rate (10 20 Nm/s) 0.4 Obtained 3.1 hours after the occurrence t (s) Slip distribution on the fault plane Ground surface projection of slip distribution on the fault plane

55 No.16 6 April 2010 Sumatra M W 7.8 earthquake Earthquake rupture process

56 No.16 6 April 2010 Sumatra M W 7.8 earthquake MSEY CBIJ JHJ KURK TLY MG MANU MAJO CTAO RAYN EIDS YNG ARMA TAU YAK EIL CASY WAKE TIXI OBN RDO KIEV LV TARA BOSA SMY BILL CLTB MSVF KBS FUORN GAMB SIA 110 s Fitness of observed ( ) and synthetic ( )seismograms

57 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications 3. Applications 3.1 The M W 7.8 Kunlun Mountain ass earthquake of 14 November The M W 7.9 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake of 12 May The M W 6.9 Yushu, Qinghai, earthquake of 14 April Applications to the earthquake emergency response 3.5 Summary

58 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Summary During the past decades several significant earthquakes occurred worldwide were determined using the fast and robust inversion method we developed in the last two decades.

59 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Summary The knowledge obtained from these studies has much improved our understanding of the complexities of the earthquake source and causative mechanism of the seismic disaster, and is of important reference value in seismic disaster mitigation such as earthquake emergency response.

60 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Summary The inverted results obtained within a few hours after the occurrence of the earthquake were reported immediately to the authorities and released to the public. The method proved to be very useful in the earthquake disaster emergency response.

61 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Summary Although the debate about the earthquake prediction or forecast remains unsolved, we still can do something for prevention and mitigation of earthquake disasters. The fast inverted results of the spatio-temporal rupture process of the earthquake sources as we described in this studies can provide some useful information such as possible disastrous areas and the timely release of these results is very helpful to earthquake emergency response and seismic disaster relief efforts.

62 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Summary Scientists should do everything we can for earthquake disaster reduction. romote our knowledge on earthquake occurrence and improve our measures to earthquake disasters prevention and mitigation.

63 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Summary Studies on the regularities of earthquake occurrence should be greatly strengthened.

64 Inversion of Earthquake Rupture rocess:theory and Applications Summary A large part of the time, about half an hour, was spent to get the data. This can be further reduced to about 10 minutes if the real-time data flow is available, and to several minutes if local waveform data were used for the inversion.

65 谢谢! Thank you! Спасибо!