Plate Tectonics, Section 1

Transcription

1 CHAPTER 17 REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS Plate Tectonics, Section 1 As you read Section 1, answer the following questions. Restless Continents (p. 456) 1. Is the Earth beneath your feet moving? Discoveries of Earth's Interior (p. 456) 2. are the caused by 3. Name the five layers of the Earth. 4. Why do scientists measure these changes? Copyright by Holt, Rineha rt and Winston. All rights reserved. Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift (p. 457) 5. Is it that and 2 were once 6 is the theory that continents can another and have done so in the 7. Continental also explained why of the same species are found on of the and from one sides Sea-Floor Spreading (p. 458) 8. Mid-ocean are mountain chains in Earth's ocean 9. Is the oldest crust close to or farther away from the mid-ocean ridge? REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS 107

2 Chapter 17, Section 1, continued 10. The process by which oceanic lithosphere at mid-ocean ridges is known as 11. What happens when tectonic plates move away from each other and the sea floor spreads apart? Magnetic Reversals (p. 459) 12. What is the Earth's polarity now? 13. But over years ago, Earth had a 14. What is it called when the Earth's magnetic field changes? 15. Once the molten rock, the in which these tiny point is set in 16. The magnetic of the rock points in the direction as Earth's 17. When a magnetic occurs, new bands 18. Which way does the rock's magnetic field point? The Breakup of Pangaea (p. 460) 19. What name did Wegener give to the one huge continent? Copyrig ht CO by Holt, Rineha rt and Winston. All rights reserved. 20. When do scientists believe Pangea split up? 108 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

3 Name CHAPTER Date Class 17 REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS Plate Tectonics, Section 2 As you read Section 2, answer the following questions. The Theory of Plate Tectonics (p. 461) 1. Do scientists really know why tectonic plates move? Possible Causes of Tectonic Plate Motion (p. 461) 2. is the that the is into that around on of the 3. These changes are by the outward of from within the Earth. Copyright by Holt, Rinehart and Wi nston. All rig hts resery Tectonic Plate Boundaries (pp ) 4. tectonic plates have with other 5. Tectonic plates can, or past each 6. When tectonic plates, the between them is a 7. Define convergent. 8. List the three types of convergent boundaries. 9. What happens when a continental/continental collision occurs? REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS 109

4 Chapter 17, Section 2, continued 10. What happens when a continental/oceanic collision occurs? 11. What happens when an oceanic/oceanic collision occurs? 12. When tectonic plates, the between them is a 13. Define divergent. 14. What is another name for a divergent boundary? 15. The most common divergent boundaries are 16. When tectonic plates past each other, the boundary between them is a boundary. 17. Give an example of a transform boundary. 18. Fill in the chart below with the type of boundary found at each location. Place Aleutian Islands a. Himalayas b. Andes c. Mid-Indian Ridge d. Type of boundary Tectonic Environments (p. 464) 19. The position of a within a plate is called its Copyright 0 by Holt, Rinehart and Win ston. All rights reserved. 110 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

5 CHAPTER 17 REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS Plate Tectonics, Section 3 As you read Section 3, answer the following questions. Deforming the Earth's Crust (p. 465) 1. How long does it take for tectonic plates to diverge? Stress and Strain (p. 465) 2. is any in a rock's or caused by 3. In other words, causes 4. When enough is on a rock, the rock will become, or Copyright 0 by Holt, Rinehart and Wi nston. All rights rese Folding and Faulting (p. 465) 5. is a type of that occurs when rock because of 6. is a type of that occurs when rock because of Building Mountains (pp ) 7. In fact, the are really a of, long called the 8. Large numbers of mountains form from the created by 9. Fault-block mountains form when blocks of crust downward as the tectonic plates away from each REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS 111

6 Chapter 17, Section 3, continued 10. Parts of the asthenosphere then, forming bodies of 11. The then toward the, where it forms a of mountains. 12. When plates, generally plate is 13. Define subducted. 14. Instead, the rocks at the plate boundary slowly smash each other, of paper. 15. As you saw at the beginning of this chapter, some of the in this in the world like Uplift and Subsidence (pp ) 16. is the of regions of Earth's crust to 17 is the of regions of Earth's crust to 18. Fill in the concept map below. Because the I C ) I lithosphere now takes up Copyright 0 by Holt, Rinehart and Wi nston. All rights re the ocean floor subsides 112 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY