Risks and Opportunities : Canadian Research on Arctic Shipping. Dr. Ronald Pelot Dept. Industrial Engineering, Dalhousie University

Transcription

1 Risks and Opportunities : Canadian Research on Arctic Shipping Dr. Ronald Pelot Dept. Industrial Engineering, Dalhousie University 1

2 Outline Major Research Topics for Shipping in the Arctic Environment Technology Response Policy/governance Canadian Research Centers ArcticNet Arctic Institute of North America Marine & Environmental Law Institute (MELI) Munk School of Global Affairs Canadian University Researchers Other select researchers on Arctic topics Dalhousie University MEOPAR MARIN

3 A paradigm for shipping research classification Risks TO the ships versus Risks BY the ships Risks implies both upside and downside 3

4 Research Topics: Environment Oceanography Currents, tides Sea ice, ice bergs Biology Animal abundance, distribution Food webs Migration patterns Anthropogenic impacts Climate and climate change Storms Gradual changes Impacts 4

5 Research Topics: Technology Ship technology Hull design ice Equipment design icing Infrastructure development Permafrost present now but melting Fish processing plants Port facilities Resource development Mining, oil and gas Operating in harsh environments Economics 5

6 Research Topics: Response Oil spill response Detecting oil in ice Cleaning oil in ice Search and Rescue Capacity Communications Safety Lifeboats Qualifications 6

7 Research Topics: Policy & Governance Infrastructure development deep-water ports icebreakers navigation aids search and rescue facilities oil spill prevention and mitigation capacity modern charts Governance sovereignty international cooperation (ex. Arctic Council) role of Canadian Government agencies regulatory gaps Shipping economics Socio-economics 7

8 ArcticNet (HQ at Laval University) A Network of Centres of Excellence of Canada Study the impacts of climate change and modernization in the coastal Canadian Arctic >145 researchers, 30 Canadian Universities 8 federal, 11 provincial agencies and departments International collaborations Denmark, Finland, France, Greenland, Japan, Norway, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, UK, USA 8

9 Arctic Institute of North America University of Calgary Arctic Resource Development and Climate Impacts, Adaptation, and Mitigation Changing Oceans in a Changing World Sustainable Energy Development Sustainable Tourism Munk School of Global Affairs University of Toronto Arctic governance Arctic security Climate change impact on ecology and society 9

10 Canadian University Researchers Marcel Babin, Université Laval remote sensing of ocean conditions in the arctic David Barber, U. Manitoba: Arctic-System Science Effects of global warming on sea ice Develop tools to predict and deal with potentially harmful effects Michael Byers, UBC: Global Politics and International Law Examine interactions of international politics and law John Hughes Clarke, University of New Brunswick seabed bathymetry and geologic data; geohazards Jackie Dawson, Ottawa University: Environment, Society and Policy Tourism Vulnerability and Resilience in the Arctic Marine Governance and Tourism in the Arctic 10

11 Canadian University Researchers (continued) Stephen Dery, UNBC: Northern Hydrometeorology Effects of global climate change and climate variability Christian Haas, York University: Arctic Sea Ice Geophysics Airborne/ground-based observations, satellite remote sensing, theoretical modelling of sea ice Rob Huebert, University of Calgary Circumpolar relations, naval studies, ocean politics Frédéric Lasserre, Université Laval: arctic shipping economics; policy Christian Schoof, UBC: Global Process Modelling Model to predict the future of ice sheets and sea level rise 11

12 Dalhousie University Marine & Environmental Law Institute Aldo Chircop David VanderZwaag Arctic governance multiple facets Marine Affairs Program Claudio Aporta Arctic anthropology, Inuit and sea ice, Northwest Passage history Lucia Fanning Fish-WIKS (with 3 other universities) Understanding how Western and Indigenous Knowledge Systems can improve the sustainability of Canadian Fisheries Dick Hodgson (ret d) Marine economics, safety, environmental responsibilities Government s role in deciding policy, developing/implementing legislation, providing support services Institute for Ocean Research Enterprise (formerly HMRI) IORE facilitates collaboration between academia, industry and government Spans : Ocean science, Offshore development, Ocean law and policy, Coastal management 1

13 National Research Council Canada Arctic Technologies Program research on ice engineering problems predicting the ice loads and ice failure patterns around bridge piers and offshore platforms in the Caspian and Beaufort Seas design, and developing safe evacuation procedures from offshore structures. physical modelling using ice tank and cold room NRC - Institute for Ocean Technology (NRC-IOT) St. John s Arctic Search & Rescue study 13

14 Response for oil spills in ice The Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) investing up to $600,000 for targeted oil spill response research in drift ice conditions. call for white papers on new mechanical technologies for cleaning up oil spills in drift ice conditions that could be found in an Arctic environment. Arctic Oil Spill Response Technology Joint Industry Programme (JIP) Launched in In January 01 Managed by the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (OGP) expand industry knowledge of, and proficiencies in, Arctic oil spill response. 14

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18 MEOPAR: Arctic Research Improved sea ice forecasts through classification and assimilation of SAR imagery Andrea Scott, University of Waterloo Combining innovative models and observations of seasonally ice-infested waters for improving surface drift forecasts Dany Dumont, Université du Québec à Rimouski User-driven monitoring of adverse marine and weather states in the Eastern Beaufort Sea David Atkinson, University of Victoria 18

19 Arctic Research (Ron Pelot) For DRDC: Analysis of Marine Traffic along Canada s Coasts Assessment of current traffic Drivers of change Projections of future traffic Protection & Advanced Surveillance Systems for the Arctic: Green, Efficient, Secure (PASSAGES) Maritime surveillance system Requirements and architecture Assess the need for improved maritime situational awareness Improve traffic projections Risk assessments Impacts of the environment on vessels Impacts of vessels on the environment Social and cultural implications 19

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22 Ice Multiplier o Which ships can navigate in which ice conditions? o Arctic Ice Regime Shipping System (AIRSS) Transport Canada o Ice Multiplier Ice Types Old/Multi-Year Ice Thickness Type D -4 Type C -4 Type B -4 Type A -4 CAC 4-3 CAC > 10 cm cm cm cm cm cm cm < 10 cm < 10 cm Second-Year Ice Thick First-Year Ice Medium First-Year Ice Thin First-Year Ice Thin First-Year Ice nd stage Thin First-Year Ice 1st stage Grey-White Ice Grey Ice Nilas, Ice Rind New Ice Brash (Ice fragments < m across) Bergy Water Type E -4 Ice Multipliers for each Canadian Arctic Ship Category

23 Ice Numeral o The Ice Numeral relies on o Ice Multiplier o Ice Concentration o Ice Type (Stage of development) IN = (Ca * IMa) + (Cb * IMb ) + (Cc + IMc) o A positive Ice Numeral means that the ship is allowed to navigate into this sea ice. 3

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25 Speaking of research World Ocean Council & MEOPAR Smart Ocean/Smart Industries Workshop Montreal, May 7-9, 014 Goal: To facilitate and coordinate increased efforts by shipping and other ocean industries to collect and share ocean and atmospheric information. 5

26 Thank you. Questions? 6