ESCI-1510: HISTORICAL GEOLOGY

Transcription

1 ESCI-1510: Historical Geology 1 ESCI-1510: HISTORICAL GEOLOGY Cuyahoga Community College Viewing:ESCI-1510 : Historical Geology Board of Trustees: Academic Term: Subject Code ESCI - Earth Science Course Number: 1510 Title: Historical Geology Catalog Description: Geologic history of the earth and biota. Special emphasis on North America. Topics include plate tectonics, relative and absolute dating, rocks and their significance as indicators of environment, interpretation of geologic maps, evolution, fossilization, and major groups of fossils. To fulfill laboratory science requirement, students should also enroll in related laboratory course. Credit Hour(s): 3 Lecture Hour(s): 3 Lab Hour(s): 0 Other Hour(s): 0 Requisites Prerequisite and Corequisite Eligibility for ENG-0980 Language Fundamentals I or appropriate score on English Placement Test. Both must be taken.). I. ACADEMIC CREDIT Academic Credit According to the Ohio Department of Higher Education, one (1) semester hour of college credit will be awarded for each lecture hour. Students will be expected to work on out-of-class assignments on a regular basis which, over the length of the course, would normally average two hours of out-of-class study for each hour of formal class activity. For laboratory hours, one (1) credit shall be awarded for a minimum of three laboratory hours in a standard week for which little or no out-of-class study is required since three hours will be in the lab (i.e. Laboratory 03 hours). Whereas, one (1) credit shall be awarded for a minimum of two laboratory hours in a standard week, if supplemented by out-of-class assignments which would normally average one hour of out-of class study preparing for or following up the laboratory experience (i.e. Laboratory 02 hours). Credit is also awarded for other hours such as directed practice, practicum, cooperative work experience, and field experience. The number of hours required to receive credit is listed under Other Hours on the syllabus. The number of credit hours for lecture, lab and other hours are listed at the beginning of the syllabus. Make sure you can prioritize your time accordingly. Proper planning, prioritization and dedication will enhance your success in this course. The standard expectation for an online course is that you will spend 3 hours per week for each credit hour.

2 2 ESCI-1510: Historical Geology II. ACCESSIBILITY STATEMENT If you need any special course adaptations or accommodations because of a documented disability, please notify your instructor within a reasonable length of time, preferably the first week of the term with formal notice of that need (i.e. an official letter from the Student Accessibility Services (SAS) office). Accommodations will not be made retroactively. For specific information pertaining to ADA accommodation, please contact your campus SAS office or visit online athttp:// Blackboard accessibility information is available athttp://access.blackboard.com. Eastern (216) Voice Metropolitan (216) Voice Western (216) Voice Westshore (216) Voice Brunswick (216) Voice Off-Site (216) Voice III. ATTENDANCE TRACKING Regular class attendance is expected. Tri-C is required by law to verify the enrollment of students who participate in federal Title IV student aid programs and/or who receive educational benefits through other funding sources. Eligibility for federal student financial aid is, in part, based on your enrollment status. Students who do not attend classes for the entire term are required to withdraw from the course(s). Additionally, students who withdraw from a course or stop attending class without officially withdrawing may be required to return all or a portion of the financial aid based on the date of last attendance. Students who do not attend the full session are responsible for withdrawing from the course(s). Tri-C is responsible for identifying students who have not attended a course, before financial aid funds can be applied to students accounts. Therefore, attendance will be recorded in the following ways: For in-person courses, students are required to attend the course by the 15th day of the semester, or equivalent for terms shorter than 5-weeks, to be considered attending. Students who have not met all attendance requirements for an in-person course, as described herein, within the first two weeks of the semester, or equivalent, will be considered not attending and will be reported for non-attendance and dropped from the course. For blended-learning courses, students are required to attend the course by the 15th day of the semester, or equivalent for terms shorter than 5-weeks, or submit an assignment, to be considered attending. Students who have not met all attendance requirements for a blended-learning courses, as described herein, within the first two weeks of the semester, or equivalent, will be considered not attending and will be reported for non-attendance and dropped from the course. For online courses, students are required to login in at least two (2) times per week and submit one (1) assignment per week for the first two (2) weeks of the semester, or equivalent to the 15th day of the term. Students who have not met all attendance requirements for an online course, as described herein, within the first two weeks of the semester, or equivalent, will be considered not attending and will be reported for non-attendance and dropped from the course. At the conclusion of the first two weeks of a semester, or equivalent, instructors report any registered students who have Never Attended a course. Those students will be administratively withdrawn from that course. However, after the time period in the previous paragraphs, if a student stops attending a class, wants or needs to withdraw, for any reason, it is the student's responsibility to take action to withdraw from the course. Students must complete and submit the appropriate Tri-C form by the established withdrawal deadline. Tri-C is required to ensure that students receive financial aid only for courses that they attend and complete. Students reported for not attending at least one of their registered courses will have all financial aid funds held until confirmation of attendance in registered courses has been verified. Students who fail to complete at least one course may be required to repay all or a portion of their federal financial aid funds and may be ineligible to receive future federal financial aid awards. Students who withdraw from classes prior to completing more than 60 percent of their enrolled class time may be subject to the required federal refund policy. If illness or emergency should necessitate a brief absence from class, students should confer with instructors upon their return. Students having problems with class work because of a prolonged absence should confer with the instructor or a counselor. IV. CONCEALED CARRY STATEMENT College policy prohibits the possession of weapons on college property by students, faculty and staff, unless specifically approved in advance as a job-related requirement (i.e., Tri-C campus police officers) or, in accordance with Ohio law, secured in a parked vehicle in a designated parking area only by an individual in possession of a valid conceal carry permit. As a Tri-C student, your behavior on campus must comply with the student code of conduct which is available on page 29 within the Tri-C student handbook, available athttp:// must also comply with the College s Zero Tolerance for Violence on College Property available athttp:// documents/ zero-tolerance-for-violence-policy.pdf

3 ESCI-1510: Historical Geology 3 Outcomes Course Outcome(s): Apply the principles of geology to understand the Earth's history. Essential Learning Outcome Mapping: Critical/Creative Thinking: Analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to consider problems/ideas and transform them in innovative or imaginative ways. Objective(s): 1. Comprehend the immensity of geologic time. 2. Explain the use of minerals and rocks to decipher the Earth's history. 3. Compare and contrast the theories of the origin of the Earth. 4. Appreciate the evolution of life and understand the concept of the constant change of living things. 5. Explain the structures and relationships of the major groups of animals and plants of each geologic time interval. 6. Identify biological and physical realms that existing during a time period based on the geological record. 7. Relate economic products and the geological structures with which they are associated. 8. Appreciate the contributions of astronomy, anthropology, biology, physics, and chemistry to the field of geology. 9. Visualize the physical geography of each time period and the relationship between physical geography and sedimentary facies. Methods of Evaluation: 1. Quizzes 2. Lecture exams 3. Participation in class discussions 4. Reports on current literature or term paper 5. Worksheets on textbook comprehension 6. Homework assignments Course Content Outline: 1. Historical perspectives a. Myths b. Catastrophism vs. uniformitarianism c. Neptunism vs. vulcanism d. Uniformitarianism vs. actualism e. Scientific method: uses of the scientific method; multiple working hypotheses 2. Geologic time a. Geologic time scale: development of the scale; significance of names b. Relative dating c. Absolute dating d. Radiometric dating: isotopes; half-lives e. Dendrochronology f. Varves g. Fission track 3. Minerals and rocks a. Structure of matter: atomic structure; bonding; and molecules b. Rock-forming minerals: silicates and economic minerals c. Rock types (igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic): their formation; their classification; and their d. Structures: sedimentary and igneous e. Types of geological structures: faults; folds; joints; unconformities f. Grouping and naming of rock units g. Use in interpretation of geological maps - principles of original horizontality, superposition, inclusions, and lateral continuity 4. Rocks as indicators of paleoenvironments a. Sedimentary environments: terrestrial - glacial, aeolian, alluvial; fresh water - streams, lakes; transitional - deltas; marine - coastal, shallow, reef, abyssal; fossils associated with the environments b. Physical correlation: facies; transgressions and regressions c. Fossilization: methods of fossilization; fossil morphology; fossil classification d. Biostratigraphic correlation 5. Evolution

4 4 ESCI-1510: Historical Geology a. Historical ideas of the sources of fossils b. Theories of evolution: Lamarck; Darwin and Wallace; natural selection c. Mendel - genes and chromosomes d. The modern synthesis: sources of variation; speciation; patterns of evolution; extinctions e. Cladistics f. Evidence of evolution: experiments to produce organic molecules; embryology; chromosomal hybridization experiments; fossils 6. Plate tectonics a. Earth''s interior: seismic evidence; plate tectonics classification b. Plate tectonics theory: continental drift; sea floor spreading; magnetic reversals; hot spots and mantle plumes; possible mechanisms c. Present plate boundaries and their distinguishing features: volcanoes and earthquakes; mountain building; terranes; minerals associated with plate boundaries; fossil distribution and plate tectonics 7. The beginning of the earth a. Origin of galaxies b. Production of the elements c. Origin of our solar system d. Planet formation e. Formation of the earth f. Meteorites g. Earth layering theories h. Origin of the moon theories i. Moon history j. Evolution of the atmosphere k. Origin of oceanic water 8. Archean events (4.55 to 2.50 billion years ago) a. Archean earth structure b. Early continental formation; shields; cratons c. Archean rocks: types; occurrences; significance of greenstone belts; structural provinces d. Kenoran/Algoman Orogeny e. Atmosphere: changes associated with photosynthesis; effects of the new atmosphere on rock type 9. Biota of the Archean a. Chemical fossils and microorganisms b. Stromatolitic structures c. Beginning of aerobic respiration 10. Proterozoic events (2.5 to 0.6 billion years ago) a. Mobile belts/subduction zones: deposits; deformation b. Proterozoic rocks: Helikian rocks; Hadrynian rocks and glaciations; Beltian province c. Orogenies: Penokean and Hudsonian; Grenville; Grand Canyon Supergroup d. Shield areas found outside North America e. Atmospheric and climatic conditions 11. Biota of the Proterozoic a. Fossil algae b. Eukaryotes c. Ediacaran fauna d. Beginning of sexual reproduction. Multicellular organisms 12. Geology of the early Paleozoic Era a. Paleogeography and climatology: Laurentia-Baltica; Gondwanaland b. Formation of the Iapetus Ocean c. Sauk Sequence: sediments of epeiric seas; transgression in the Grand Canyon area d. Cordilleran mobile belt e. Tippecanoe sequence: reefs; evaporites f. Franklinian mobile belt g. Taconic Orogeny: Appalachian mobile belt; Queenston Delta h. Caledonian Orogeny i. Ouachita mobile belt

5 ESCI-1510: Historical Geology 5 j. Climatology: Cambrian; Ordovician; Silurian k. Mineral deposits 13. Biota of the early Paleozoic Era a. Evolutionary radiation in the Cambrian b. Protista c. Invertebrates: Burgess Shale; hard parts; Porifera, Cnidaria; Brachiopoda; Bryozoa; Arthropoda; Mollusca; trilobite distribution and evolution; conodont alteration index d. Chordate evolution 14. Evolution of vascular plants a. Geology of the late Paleozoic Era b. Paleogeography and climatology: Devonian; Mississippian; Pennsylvanian; Permian c. North American events: Kaskaskia Sea; Antler Orogeny; Ellesmerian Orogeny; Acadian Orogeny and the Catskill Delta; Absaroka Sea; Colorado Mountains; Ouachita Orogeny; Alleghenian Orogeny d. European and Asian events: Hercynian and Uralian orogenies; formation of Asia to complete the assembly of Pangaea e. Glaciation in Gondwanaland and cyclothems 15. Biota of the late Paleozoic Era a. Invertebrates: Porifera, Cnidaria; Brachiopoda; Bryozoa; Arthropoda; Mollusca; Conodonts b. Vertebrates: major fish types; amphibian evolution; reptilian evolution; therapsid evolution c. Plant evolution: land plants of the coal swamps; flora of different continents d. Permian extinctions: species affected; possible causes 16. Geology of the Mesozoic Era a. Paleogeography and climatology: Triassic; Jurassic; Cenozoic b. Pangaea: evidence for Pangaea; break-up of Pangaea; East Coast sedimentary patterns c. Western mobile belts: Nevadan Orogeny; Sevier Orogeny; Laramide Orogeny; exotic terranes d. Prominent formations: Navajo Sandstone; Morrison Formation; calcareous ooze formations; Franciscan Formation; delta formation and deposits e. Mineral deposits 17. Biota of the Mesozoic Era a. Invertebrates: ammonite evolution; reef organisms b. Vertebrates: reptiles; evidence for endothermic dinosaurs; bird evolution; mammal evolution c. Plant evolution d. Cretaceous extinction events: species affected; causes; asteroid impact theory 18. Geology of the Tertiary Period of the Cenozoic Era a. Paleogeography and climatology b. North American events: continued activity in the Appalachians and Ouachitas; continuation of the Laramide Orogeny; deposits in the Green River Formation; Cascadian Oregeny; Columbia River and Snake River basalts; West Coast tectonics; Colorado Plateau; block faulting in the west c. Formation of Central America: Pacific Ring of Fire; effects on animal migration d. European-Asian events: closure of Tethys seaway; Alpian Orogeny; Himalayan orogeny; Mediterranean Sea history e. African rift valleys 19. Biota of the Tertiary Period of the Cenozoic Era a. Invertebrates b. Vertebrates: birds; mammals c. Mammalian evolution: placentals; marsupials; horse and artiodactyl evolution; occurrences of fossil mammals d. Plants: angiosperm evolution; role of gymnosperms 20. Geology of the Quaternary Period of the Cenozoic Era a. Paleogeography and climatology b. Glaciation c. Erosional and depositional effects of glaciers d. Location of ice sheets e. Major glacial advances f. Great Lakes formation g. Lake Missoula and the Channeled Scablands h. Ice margin lakes i. Sea level changes and land bridges j. Theories on causes of glaciation: Milankovitch; Ewing-Donn k. Mineral deposits

6 6 ESCI-1510: Historical Geology 21. Life of the Quaternary Period of the Cenozoic Era a. Invertebrates b. Vertebrates: mammalian extinction; primate evolution c. Plants d. Extinctions. Resources Petersen, M.S., and J. K. Rigby.Interpreting Earth History - A Manual in Historical Geology.7th Edition. Long Grove, Ill. : Waveland Press, Poort, J. M. and R. J. Carlson.Historical Geology - Interpretations and Applications.6th ed. Prentice Hall Publishing, Stanley, S. M.Exploring Earth and Life Through Time.W. H. Freeman, Wicander, R., and J. S. Monroe.Historical Geology - Evolution of the Earth and Life Through Time.7th ed. Belmont, CA : Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, Levin, Harold.Laboratory Studies in Earth History.10th. New York, New York: McGraw Hill, Lemon, R. R.Vanished Worlds-An Introduction to Historical Geology.Wm. C. Brown, Instructional Services OAN Number: TMNS and OSC012 (Course 1 of 2 Top of page Key: 1896