GEOLOGIC RECONNAISSANCE REPORT. Real Properties In and Around Rancho California RV Resort Highway 79 Aguanga, California.

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1 GEOLOGIC RECONNAISSANCE REPORT Real Properties In and Around Rancho California RV Resort Highway 79 Aguanga, California Prepared for: Rancho California RV Resort HOA c/o Mark Uremovich, Esq. Morris, Sullivan & Lemkul, LLP 9915 Mira Mesa Boulevard, Suite 300 San Diego, California By: TerraPacific Consultants, Inc Morena Boulevard, Suite 108 San Diego, California October 27, 2014 File No

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION General Scope of Services PROJECT BACKGROUND Site Description SITE GEOLOGY Geologic Setting SEISMICITY Regional Seismicity HAZARD ASSESSMENT Liquefaction Lurching and Shallow Ground Rupture Landsliding Slope Stability Seiches and Flooding REPORTS BY OTHERS CONCLUSIONS CLOSURE... 6 APPENDICES 8.1 Limits of Investigation... 6 Appendix A: Figures Appendix B: References

4 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General This report presents the results of a geologic reconnaissance at the subject properties. The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the site for the presence of known geologic hazards. At this point, we have not been informed of any plans to develop the properties. The scope of our investigation is limited in that no subsurface exploration or detailed engineering analysis was conducted. 1.2 Scope of Services The scope of the investigation consisted of the following tasks: Review of pertinent available geologic literature; Review of geotechnical report related to original development of the Rancho California RV Resort; Field reconnaissance consisting of geologic mapping and photo-documentation; and Preparation of this report, which presents our findings. 2.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND 2.1 Site Description The subject properties reviewed by TCI consist of various-shaped parcels ranging from approximately 2 to 240 acres in size, located in southwest Riverside County and north central San Diego County. The lots are further described as Riverside County Assessor Parcel Numbers: , , -020, -023, , -046, -047, -050, , -018, -065, and and San Diego County Assessor Parcel Number: The parcels are all located south of State Highway 79 between Oropeza Lane and approximately 0.4-miles west of the Riverside/San Diego County line. A site location map is presented as Figure 1 in Appendix A. The properties reviewed were identified as References 7 through 10 and 12 through 23 on a document titled, Exhibit A, included in Appendix B. The approximate locations of the parcels reviewed are presented on the Site Overview Plan, Figure 2 in Appendix A. The site encompasses hundreds of acres of high desert land consisting of an alluvial valley (Aguanga Valley) with some previous residential development, along with abundant native/undeveloped areas that include natural washes/drainages and moderately to steeply sloping canyons. Temecula Creek runs through six of the subject parcels and generally flows toward the northwest/west. Prior grading activities that have been completed at various locations on-site appeared to be mainly related to residential development, Geologic Reconnaissance Rancho California RV Purchase File No October 27,

5 including creating building pads for mobile homes and road construction. Slopes with heights a maximum of approximately 200 feet (some with portions inclined near vertical) exist at the natural canyon areas bisected by Temecula Creek in the eastern portion of the site. Surface elevations range from a high of approximately 2,500 feet (MSL) within APN to a low of approximately 1,900 feet (MSL) within APN SITE GEOLOGY 3.1 Geologic Setting The project site is located along the Riverside and San Diego County border within the Peninsular Ranges Geomorphic Province of California. The Peninsular Range Batholiths are typically composed of massive Mesozoic plutonic igneous rock intruding Cretaceous and Jurassic metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks. Mapping indicates that the northwestern portion of the site is dominated by Holocene to late Pleistocene alluvial flood plain deposits. The alluvial flood plain deposits are composed of poorly consolidated and poorly sorted sands, silts, or clay- bearing alluvium (Kennedy, 2003). The alluvial flood plain deposits are abundant in the Aguanga Valley and are present throughout the site along canyon floors, channels, and washes. This earth material was underlain, in turn, by Late Pliocene-aged sedimentary bedrock known as the Temecula Arkose. The Temecula Arkose is mainly pale greenish-yellow, medium-coarse grained, wellindurated sandstone. It includes thin inter-straffied beds of tuffaceous sandstone, siltstone, claystone, and some pebble and conglomerate beds having locally derived clasts (Kennedy 2003). The Temecula Arkose is underlain by mid-cretaceous plutonic rocks composed primarily of light gray horneblende biotite tonalite. The tonalite, which was mapped over the majority of the southeastern extent of the property, is coarse grained and massive. The Geologic Map is presented as Figure 3 in Appendix A. 4.0 SEISMICITY 4.1 Regional Seismicity Generally, seismicity in southern California can be attributed to regional tectonic movement taking place along the San Andreas Fault Zone, which includes the San Andreas Fault and most parallel and sub-parallel faulting within the state. A majority of southern California is considered seismically active. This includes the subject site. Seismic hazards can be attributed to potential ground shaking from earthquake events along nearby faults or more distant faulting. Faults, which show apparent surface rupture during the last 11,000 years (i.e. Holocene Time), are classified as active according to the Fault-Rupture Hazard Zones Act (Hart and Bryant, 2007). Geologic Reconnaissance Rancho California RV Purchase File No October 27,

6 Deterministic seismicity was evaluated using the EQFault computer program (Blake, 2001 with updates), which utilizes a digitized map of known active earthquake faults and catalog of estimated probable and creditable earthquakes for each fault. The deterministic analysis was performed for all known active faults within a specified radius of 100 kilometers from the site. Twenty-six active faults were located within this search radius, as depicted on Figure 4 in Appendix A. According to our analysis, the site is subject to a maximum earthquake event of 7.1 magnitude along the Elsinore fault zone Julian section (mapped approximately 9.1 miles to the south) with a corresponding peak ground acceleration of 0.287g. Applicable seismic design criteria may be determined from the 2013 California Building Code, Chapter 16. Fault Name Table 1 Summary of EQfault Deterministic Site Parameters Approximate Distance mi km Estimated Maximum Earthquake Event Maximum Earthquake Mag. (Mw) Peak Site Acceleration (g) Est. Site Intensity Mod. Merc. Elsinore-Julian IX Elsinore-Temecula IX San Jacinto-Anza VIII San Jacinto-Coyote Creek VII San Jacinto-San Jacinto Valley VII Earthquake Valley VII San Andreas-San Bernardino VII San Andreas-Southern VII Newport-Inglewood (Offshore) VII Rose Canyon VII San Andreas-Coachella VI San Jacinto-Borrego VI Elsinore-Coyote Mountain VI Pinto Mountain VI Burnt Mountain V San Jacinto-San Bernardino VI Eureka Peak V Chino Central Ave. (Elsinore) VI Whittier VI Geologic Reconnaissance Rancho California RV Purchase File No October 27,

7 Fault Name Table 1 Summary of EQfault Deterministic Site Parameters Approximate Distance mi km Estimated Maximum Earthquake Event Maximum Earthquake Mag. (Mw) Peak Site Acceleration (g) Est. Site Intensity Mod. Merc. Coronado Bank VII North Frontal Fault Zone (East) VI Landers VI North Frontal Fault Zone (West) VI Cleghorn V Superstition Mtn. (San Jacinto) V 5.0 HAZARD ASSESSMENT 5.1 Liquefaction Liquefaction involves the substantial loss of shear strength in saturated soil, usually taking place within a saturated medium exhibiting a uniform fine-grained characteristic, loose consistency, and low confining pressure when subjected to impact by seismic or dynamic loading. Depth to groundwater beneath the site is unknown; however, our experience in the area suggests that it is probably in excess of 40 feet below the ground surface. Note that groundwater was not encountered in any of the exploratory borings by Earth Systems Southwest, drilled as part of the preliminary geotechnical investigation for the Rancho California RV Park back in 2000; however, groundwater was measured at approximately 50 feet below ground surface (bgs) within a 2-inch diameter pipe at the southwestern portion of the site. Details for the pipe installation were unknown. Based on the likely depth to groundwater and occurrence of dense formational bedrock near the ground surface, we believe the risk of liquefaction is low. 5.2 Lurching and Shallow Ground Rupture Breaking of the ground is not likely due to the absence of known fault traces within the project limits. Because of the active seismicity of southern California, the possibility for ground lurching or rupture cannot be completely ruled out. In this light, flexible design for on-site utility lines and connections should be considered. Geologic Reconnaissance Rancho California RV Purchase File No October 27,

8 5.3 Landsliding Given the topography of some portions of the site, the possibility of landsliding cannot be ruled out at this time. However, the portions of the site with significant slopes are typically underlain by natural granitic type rock that generally is not prone to landsliding. In addition, there are no known landslides mapped within or immediately adjacent to the site (closest mapped landslides approximately 1,700 feet from westernmost parcel). In any case, further geotechnical analysis would be required to adequately address the potential for landsliding, if portions of the site with significant slopes are proposed for development. 5.4 Slope Stability Cut slopes that may be proposed in the tonalite (i.e. granitic rock) and/or the Temecula Arkose exhibiting favorable bedding would generally be expected to be stable, provided they adhere to building code requirements. Therefore, problems regarding surficial or gross slope stability are not anticipated; however, this should be further analyzed if such cut slopes are proposed during the pre-development geotechnical investigation. In addition to gross stability, the analysis should address the effects of seismic shaking using pseudostatic or Newmark displacement methods. 5.5 Seiches and Flooding Seiches are tidal waves created within confined bodies of water. At the time of our investigation, there were no nearby reservoirs or bodies of water that could produce seiches, which might affect the site. Therefore, the potential for seiches or similar type of flooding is low. 6.0 REPORTS BY OTHERS The original geotechnical investigation for the existing Rancho California RV Park development entitled Geotechnical Engineering and Percolation Report, Proposed 277 Lot R.V. Park, Parcel 3 and portions of Parcels 4, 5 and 6, Aguanga, California, by Earth Systems Consultants Southwest (ESCS) dated January 31, The investigation included geologic mapping, subsurface exploration (eleven small diameter borings), percolation testing at seven locations, laboratory testing, and conventional engineering/geologic analysis. ESCS identified some potentially adverse geologic conditions including: severe ground shaking due to nearby earthquakes, ground subsidence from seismic events or hydro-consolidation, soils susceptible to wind and water erosion, and relatively loose soils near the ground surface requiring over-excavation and recompaction prior to development. Geologic Reconnaissance Rancho California RV Purchase File No October 27,

9 In order to deal with relatively loose compressible near surface soils that could be subject to settlement and improve bearing capacity, it was recommended to over-excavate and recompact soils a minimum of 36 inches below pad elevation or 24 inches below footing level, whichever is greater. Compaction requirements were set at near optimum moisture content and a minimum of 90 percent of the ASTM D-1557 maximum dry density value within 5 feet of proposed foundations. Conventional spread foundations were to be embedded a minimum of 12 inches bgs and 12 inches wide and isolated pad foundations were to be a minimum of 18 inches bgs and 24 inches square. Minimum slab thickness was recommended at 4 inches with No. 3 rebar at 18 inches on center, both ways. Percolation testing performed at the time of the original report determined the site would be suitable to support individual sewage disposal systems proposed for the RV Park. As you know, TCI became involved with the project due to problems with the on-site septic systems after development. Any future development which may require adding on to existing or constructing new septic systems should be reviewed on a site-specific basis. 7.0 CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of our geologic reconnaissance and document review, we have not identified issues that should preclude the purchase of the subject properties. Geologic analysis by others in 2000, subsequent studies by TCI within the Rancho California RV Park, and our own field reconnaissance of the subject properties, could not find any evidence of adverse geologic conditions or other notable items that would preclude site development or require special mitigation. Keep in mind that our investigation was limited to research and reconnaissance that did not include subsurface exploration necessary to confirm the soil and bedrock conditions. A detailed soil investigation at the site would be required in order to develop specific grading/excavation and foundation recommendations for any proposed new development. 8.0 CLOSURE 8.1 Limits of Investigation Our investigation was performed using the skill and degree of care ordinarily exercised, under similar circumstances, by engineers and geologists practicing in this or similar localities. This report is intended as a geologic reconnaissance report only. It is not intended as a preliminary geotechnical investigation which provides grading or foundation recommendations. No warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the conclusions in this report. This report is prepared for the sole use of our client and may not be assigned to others without the written consent of the client and TerraPacific Consultants, Inc. Geologic Reconnaissance Rancho California RV Purchase File No October 27,

10 The findings of this report are valid as of the present date. However, the conditions can change with the passage of time, whether they are due to natural processes or the works of man. In addition, changes in applicable or appropriate standards may occur from legislation or the broadening of knowledge. Accordingly, the findings of this report may be invalidated wholly or partially by changes outside of our control. This report is subject to review and should be updated after a period of three years. *** TerraPacific Consultants, Inc. *** Geologic Reconnaissance Rancho California RV Purchase File No October 27,

11 APPENDIX A Figures

LOCATION: Rancho California Golf Course,

12 LOCATION: Rancho California Golf Course, Ca-79, Aguanga, CA, United States SITE LOCATION REFERENCE: Bing Maps 2014 N 4010 Morena Boulevard Suite 108 San Diego CA Rancho California Purchase Site Location Plan Figure 1 File No October 2014

(13) 583-190-047 (14) 583-190-046 (15) 583-340-010 (9) 583-200-065 (18) 583-200-018 (19 & 22) 583-200-014 (20 & 21) 583-190-050 (16 & 17) 112-011-02-00 (23) N Purchase File No.

13 Rancho California REFERENCE: Bing Maps 2014 LEGEND Approximate location of parcel for purchase reviewed by TerraPacific Consultants, Inc (10) Assesor Parcel Number reference per Exhibit A (10) (12) (7) (8) EXISTING RANCHO CALIFORNIA RV RESORT (13) (14) (15) (9) (18) (19 & 22) (20 & 21) (16 & 17) (23) N Purchase File No October APPROX. SCALE IN FEET APPROX. SCALE IN FEET N 4010 Morena Boulevard Suite 108 San Diego CA Rancho California Purchase Site Overview Plan File No Figure October 2014

14 Rancho California Qa + Qya Active alluvial flood plain and young alluvial flood plain deposits undivided (late Holocene and Pleistocene) Qa Alluvial flood plain deposits (late Holocene) - Active and recently active alluvial deposits along canyon floors. Consists of unconsolidated sandy, silty, or claybearing alluvium. Does not include alluvial fan deposits at distal ends of channels Qya Young alluvial flood plain deposits (Holocene and late Pleistocene) - Mostly poorly consolidated, poorly sorted, permeable flood plain deposits. Tt Temecula Arkose (late Pliocene) - The Temecula Arkose is a pale greenish-yellow, well-indurated, medium- and coarse-grained sandstone with thin interstratified beds of fine-grained, tuffaceous sandstone, siltstone and claystone. The Temecula Arkose has been assigned an Irvigtonian 1 age based on a first occurence of Tetramerx (Woodburne, 1987) placing it at approximately 1.9 Ma (late Pliocene) Kt Tonalite undivided (mid-cretaceous)-- Mostly massive, coarse-grained, light gray, horneblende biotite tonalite. N Purchase File No October APPROX. SCALE IN FEET APPROX. SCALE IN FEET N 4010 Morena Boulevard Suite 108 San Diego CA Rancho California Purchase Geologic Map File No Figure October 2014

15 San Andreas San Jacinto (kilometers) Newport-Inglewood Elsinore Earthqua ke Valley (kilometers) 4010 Morena Boulevard Suite 108 San Diego CA Rancho California Purchase California Fault Map Figure 4 File No October 2014

16 APPENDIX B References

17 REFERENCES 1. American Geological Institute, AGI Data Sheets, Falls Church, VA, 1982 edition. 2. Blake, Thomas F., EQFault Computer Program, Version 3.00, April 2001 with updates. 3. Bing.com, Site location map for Rancho California RV, Aguanga, California. 4. Earth Systems Consultants Southwest, Geotechnical Engineering and Percolation Report, Proposed 277 Lot R.V. Park, Parcel 3 and portions of Parcels 4, 5 and 6, Aguanga, California, dated January 31, Hart, Earl W. and Bryant, William A., Fault - Rupture Hazard Zones in California, California Division of Mines and Geology, Special Publication 42, Norris, Robert M. and Webb, Robert W., Geology of California, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, Riverside County Land Information System, 8. SanGIS Interactive Map, 9. Tan, S.S. and Kennedy, M.P., 2003, Geologic Map of the Aguanga 7.5 Quadrangle, San Diego and Riverside Counties, California, California Geological Survey/USGS. 10. Tan, S.S. and Kennedy, M.P., 2003, Geologic Map of the Vail Lake 7.5 Quadrangle, San Diego and Riverside Counties, California, California Geological Survey/USGS.

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS G. GEOLOGY AND SOILS

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS G. GEOLOGY AND SOILS The following section is a summary of the geotechnical report conducted for the proposed project. The Report of Geotechnical Investigation Proposed