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1 DATA REPOSITORY Gómez-Tuena, Page 1 ORIGI AL SOURCES FOR DATA PLOTTED O FIGURES 2-4 High-Mg# andesites from the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: Cavazos-Tovar, J., 2006, Magmatismo adakítico en el volcán Tancítaro [M. Sc. thesis]: Querétaro, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 75 p. Gómez-Tuena, A., and Carrasco-Núñez, G., 2000, Cerro Grande Volcano: The evolution of a Miocene stratocone in the Early Transmexican Volcanic Belt: Tectonophysics, v. 318, p Gómez-Tuena, A., Langmuir, C., Goldstein, S., Straub, S., and Ortega-Gutiérrez, F., 2007, Geochemical evidence for slab melting in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: Journal of Petrology, v. 48, p Höskuldsson, A., 1992, Le complexe volcanique Pico de Orizaba-Sierra Negra-Cerro Las Cumbres (sudest mexicain): Structure, dynamismes eruptifs et évaluations des aléas [Ph. D. thesis]: Clermont Ferrand, Blaise Pascal University, 210 p. Luhr, J., and Carmichael, I., 1990a, Geology of Volcán de Colima: Boletín del Instituto de Geología, v. 107, p Luhr, J., and Carmichael, I., 1990b, Petrological monitoring of cyclical eruptive activity at Volcán Colima, México: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 42, p LaGatta, A., 2003, Arc magma genesis in the eastern Mexican Volcanic Belt [Ph. D. thesis]: New York, Columbia University, 365 p. Luhr, J., 2002, Petrology and geochemistry of the 1991 and lava flows from Volcán de Colima, Mexico: implications for the end of the current eruptive cycle: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 117, p Martínez-Serrano, R., Schaaf, P., Solís-Pichardo, G., Hernández-Bernal, M., Hernández-Treviño, T., Morales-Contreras, J., and Macías, J., 2004, Sr, Nd and Pb isotope and geochemical data from the Quaternary Nevado de Toluca Volcano, a source of recent adakitic magmatism, and the Tenango Volcanic Field, Mexico: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 138, p Mori, L., Gómez-Tuena, A., Cai, Y., and Goldstein, S., 2007, Effects of prolonged flat subduction on the Miocene magmatic record of the central Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: Chemical Geology, v. 244, p Schaaf, P., Stimac, J., Siebe, C., and Macías, J., 2005, Geochemical evidence for mantle origin and crustal processes in volcanic rocks from Popocatépetl and surrounding monogenetic volcanoes, central Mexico: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, p Verma, S., and Luhr, J., 1993, Sr-Nd-Pb isotope and trace element geochemistry of calc-alkaline andesites from Volcán Colima, México: Geofísica Internacional, v. 32, p Wallace, P., and Carmichael, I., 1999, Quaternary volcanism near the Valley of Mexico: implications for subduction zone magmatism and the effects of crustal thickness variations on primitive magma compositions: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 135, p High- b basalts from the Chichinautzin Volcanic Field: LaGatta, A., 2003, Arc magma genesis in the eastern Mexican Volcanic Belt [Ph. D. thesis]: New York, Columbia University, 365 p. La Primavera rhyolites: Mahood, G., 1981a, A summary of the geology and petrology of the Sierra La Primavera, Jalisco, Mexico: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 86, p Mahood, G., 1981b, Chemical evolution of a Pleistocene rhyolitic center: Sierra La Primavera, Jalisco, México: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 77, p Mahood, G., and Halliday, A., 1988, Generation of high-silica rhyolites: a Nd, Sr, and O isotopic study of Sierra La Primavera, Mexican Neovolcanic Belt: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 100, p Bulk continental crust: Rudnick, R., and Gao, S., 2003, Composition of the continental crust, in Rudnick, R., ed., Treatise on Geochemistry, Volume 3: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p

2 Gómez-Tuena, Page 2 Experimental trondhjemitic melts of basalt: Rapp, R., 1995, The amphibole-out phase boundary in partially melted metabasalt, and its control over melt fraction and composition, and source permeability: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 100, p Rapp, R., Shimizu, N., Norman, M., and Applegate, G., 1999, Reaction between slab-derived melts and peridotite in the mantle wedge: experimental constraints at 3.8 GPa: Chemical Geology, v. 160, p Rapp, R., and Watson, E., 1995, Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling: Journal of Petrology, v. 36, p Sen, C., and Dunn, T., 1994, Dehydration melting of a basaltic composition amphibolite at 1.5 and 2.0 GPa: implications for the origin of adakites: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 117, p Pacific mid-ocean ridge basalts: Petrological Database of the Ocean Floor (PetDB). Lehnert, K., Su, Y., Langmuir, C., Sarbas, B., and Nohl, U., 2000, A global geochemical database structure for rocks: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 1, doi: /1999GC Subducted materials: LaGatta, A., 2003, Arc magma genesis in the eastern Mexican Volcanic Belt [Ph. D. thesis]: New York, Columbia University, 365 p. Verma, S., 2000, Geochemistry of the subducting Cocos plate and the origin of subduction-unrelated mafic volcanism at the front of the central Mexican Volcanic Belt, in Delgado-Granados, H., Aguirre-Díaz, G., and Stock, J., eds., Cenozoic Tectonics and Volcanism of Mexico: Geological Society of America Special Paper 334, p

3 Gómez-Tuena, Page 3 TABLE DR1. CHEMICAL A D ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIO S OF THE CHALCATZI GO TRO DHJEMITES A D OF A HOSTED PARAG EISS XE OLITH Sample Chal-02-1 Chal-02-2 Chal-02-4 Chal-06-1 Chal-06-2a Chal-06-2f Chal-06-3 Chal-06-5 Chal-06-6 Chal-host Chal-1 Rock type trondhjemite trondhjemite trondhjemite trondhjemite trondhjemite trondhjemite trondhjemite trondhjemite trondhjemite trondhjemite paragneiss Long. W ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' Lat. N ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' Major elements (wt.%) SiO TiO Al 2 O tot Fe 2 O MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O P 2 O LOI Total Mg# a An b Ab b Or b Trace elements (ppm) Sc V Cr Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Li Be B Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Sn Sb Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Yb Lu Hf Ta Tl Pb Th U Ce/Ce* c Nb/Ta Isotopic compositions 87 Sr/ 86 Sr (2σ) (11) (10) (10) (5) (12) 206 Pb/ 204 Pb Pb/ 204 Pb Pb/ 204 Pb Nd/ 144 Nd (2σ) (6) (5) (7) (8) (5) Ɛ Nd

4 a calculated molar Mg# = 100 Mg/(Mg+0.85 Fe tot ); FeO tot = Fe 2 O 3 tot Gómez-Tuena, Page 4 b normative anorthite (An), albite (Ab), and orthoclase (Or) (recalculated to 100) were calculated with a Fe 2 O 3 /(FeO+Fe 2 O 3 ) ratio = 0.5 for rocks with SiO 2 > 70 wt.%, 0.4 for rocks with 63 < SiO 2 < 70 wt.%, and 0.3 for the xenolith (52 < SiO 2 < 57 wt.%), according to Middlemost (1989). We used the CIPW norm calculation program created by K. Hollocher at the Union College of Schenectady ( c Cerium anomalies calculated as Ce/Ce* = (Ce/0.613)/((2/3 (La/0.237)+(1/3 (Nd/0.457)) Analytical methods: Major elements were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) using a Siemens SRS-3000 instrument in the Laboratorio Universitario de Geoquímica Isotópica of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, using procedures of Lozano-Santa Cruz and Bernal (2005). Trace element data were obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) at the Centro de Geociencias of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, using a Thermo Series X II instrument. Sample preparation and measurement procedures are described in Mori et al. (2007). Reproducibility of trace element data is given by the average concentrations and standard deviations of multiple digestions of U.S. Geological Survey rock standards AGV-2, BHVO-2, BCR-2, and Geological Survey of Japan JB-2 (see Mori et al., 2007 for details). Isotope ratios were measured by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) at the Laboratorio Universitario de Geoquímica Isotópica of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, using a Finnigan MAT 262 instrument equipped with eight Faraday cups. Sample preparation and measurement procedures for isotopic analyses are described in Schaaf et al. (2005). The values reported in the table are not age corrected and taken as initials. The 2σ mean for individual Sr and Nd measurements are multiplied by Reproducibility for Pb isotopes is given by the 1σ rel of multiple measurements of NBS- 981 standard ( 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = ± 0.04%, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb = ± 0.06%, 208 Pb/ 204 Pb = ± 0.08%; n = 7). References cited: Lozano-Santa Cruz, R., and Bernal, J., 2005, Characterization of a new set of eight geochemical reference materials for XRF major and trace element analysis: Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, v. 22, p Middlemost, E., 1989, Iron oxidation ratios, norms and the classification of volcanic rocks: Chemical Geology, v. 77, p Mori, L., Gómez-Tuena, A., Cai, Y., and Goldstein, S., 2007, Effects of prolonged flat subduction on the Miocene magmatic record of the central Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: Chemical Geology, v. 244, p Schaaf, P., Stimac, J., Siebe, C., and Macías, J., 2005, Geochemical evidence for mantle origin and crustal processes in volcanic rocks from Popocatépetl and surrounding monogenetic volcanoes, central Mexico: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, p

5 Gómez-Tuena, Page 5 TABLE DR2. 40 AR/ 39 AR STEP-HEATI G DATA O HOR BLE DE A D PLAGIOCLASE SEPARATES FROM SAMPLE CHAL-02-4 Step Temp. % 39 Ar Radiogenic 39 Ar k 40 Ar* Apparent Apparent Apparent Error ( C) of total yield (%) (moles x ) 39 Ar k K/Ca K/Cl age (Ma) (Ma) CHAL-02-4 hornblende J = ± 0.50% wt. = 48.8 mg A E ± 2.38 B E ± 1.22 C E ± 1.08 D E ± 0.15 E E ± 0.66 Total gas age = % of 39 Ar K gas on steps B through E Plateau age = ± 0.15 CHAL-02-4 plagioclase J = ± 0.50% wt. = 51.3 mg A E ± 0.24 B E ± 0.12 C E ± 0.11 D E ± 0.10 E E ± 0.15 F E ± 0.28 Total gas age = % of 39 Ar K gas on steps B through D Average age = ± 0.50 Analytical methods: Hornblende and plagioclase mineral separates from sample CHAL-02-4 were analyzed at the U.S. Geological Survey Thermochronology Laboratory in Denver, Colorado, using the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar furnace stepheating method of dating with a MAP 216 mass spectrometer. Aliquots of hornblende and plagioclase were packaged in copper capsules and sealed under vacuum in quartz tubes. Samples were then irradiated in package number KD38 for 5 hours in the central thimble facility at the TRIGA reactor (GSTR) of the U.S. Geological Survey in Denver, Colorado. The monitor mineral used in the package was Fish Canyon Tuff sanidine (FCT-3) with an age of Ma (Cebula et al., 1986) relative to MMhb-1 with an age of ± 2.5 Ma (Dalrymple et al., 1981). The type of container and the geometry of sample and standards are similar to those described by Snee et al. (1988). For additional information on the analytical procedure see Iriondo et al. (2003). The Argon isotopic data were reduced with the computer program Mass Spec (Deino, 2001), using the decay constants recommended by Steiger and Jäger (1977). Table DR2 shows 40 Ar/ 39 Ar step-heating data and includes the identification of individual step, plateau, average, and total gas ages. An individual step age represents the apparent age obtained for a single temperature step analysis. A plateau age (present on the hornblende experiment) is identified when three or more contiguous steps in the age spectrum agree in age, within the limits of analytical precision, and contain more than 50% of the 39 Ar K released from the sample. The total gas age is calculated by the addition of all measured Argon peaks for all steps in a single sample, and is roughly equivalent to conventional K-Ar ages. No analytical precision is calculated for the total gas age. References cited: Cebula, G.T., Kunk, M.J., Mehnert, H.H., Naeser, C.W., Obradovich, J.D., and Sutter, J.F., 1986, The Fish Canyon Tuff: A potential standard for the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar and fission track dating methods: Terra Cognita, v. 6, p Dalrymple, G.B., Alexander, E.C., Lanphere, M.A., and Kraker, G.P., 1981, Irradiation of samples for 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating using the Geological Survey TRIGA reactor: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1176, 55 p.

6 Gómez-Tuena, Page 6 Deino, A.L., 2001, Users manual for Mass Spec v. 5.02: Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication 1a, 119 p. Iriondo, A., Kunk, M.J., Winick, J.A., and Consejo de Recursos Minerales, 2003, 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating studies of minerals and rocks in various areas in Mexico: USGS/CRM Scientific Collaboration (Part I): U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report, OF , 79 p. Snee, L.W., Sutter, J.F., Kelly, and W.C., 1988, Thermochronology of economic mineral deposits: Dating the stages of mineralization at Panasqueira, Portugal, by high precision 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age spectrum techniques on muscovite: Economic Geology, v. 83, p Steiger, R.H., and Jäger, E., 1977, Subcommission on geochronology: Convention on the use of decay constants in geo- and cosmo-chronology: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 36, p FIGURE DR1. 40 AR/ 39 AR AGE SPECTRA A D I VERSE ISOCHRO AGES O HOR BLE DE A D PLAGIOCLASE SEPARATES FROM SAMPLE CHAL-02-4 Assigned age: The hornblende mineral separate shows a well-behaved age spectrum yielding a plateau age at ± 0.15 Ma (Fig. DR1A). However, a slight U-shaped spectrum could be indicative of Ar excess and prevents determination of a meaningful plateau age. For this reason, we use the inverse isochron age at ± 0.30 Ma (Fig. DR1B), with a good initial 40 Ar/ 36 Ar (298 ± 2) and MSWD value (0.38), as the best age estimate. The plagioclase aliquot from the same sample shows a well-behaved age spectrum but does not yield a plateau (Fig. DR1C). The inverse isochron age for this plagioclase (Fig. DR1D) has a large MSWD value (5.8), and for this reason we prefer to use the average age at ± 0.50 Ma as the best approximation for the age of the plagioclase. Note that the hornblende isochron age and this average age for the plagioclase are the same within limits of analytical error. Based on the quality of the Ar data, we prefer to use the well-constrained isochron age for the hornblende at ± 0.30 Ma as the best age estimation for this trondhjemite.

7 Gómez-Tuena, Page 7 TABLE DR3. MAJOR ELEME T MODELI G RESULTS FOR MA TLE ASSIMILATIO - FRACTIO AL CRYSTALLIZATIO PROCESS OF PRISTI E SLAB MELTS Assimilating reactants Crystalline product Pristine slab melt Cam Ol a Cpx Sp Opx SiO FeO tot MgO Mg# b a mineral abbreviations: olivine (Ol), clinopyroxene (Cpx), spinel (Sp), orthopyroxene (Opx) b calculated molar Mg# = 100 Mg/(Mg+0.85 Fe tot ) Hybrid melt compositions (Cam) calculated by mass balance: Cam = ((Ma/Mc) (Mp/Ma) Cp+(Ma/Mc) Ca-Cc)/((Ma/Mc) (Mp/Ma)+(Ma/Mc)-1), for Mp/Ma between 25 and 5. The model considers a gradual increase of melt mass (Ma/Mc = 3) and the crystallization of orthopyroxene as the reaction evolves, but no change in mineral phase proportions. Cp = elemental concentration of the pristine slab melt (experimental slab melt) Ca = elemental concentration of the assimilating reactants (considering Ol: Cpx: Sp = 75: 20: 5) Cc = elemental concentration of the crystalline product (Opx) Mp/Ma = mass of pristine slab melt/mass of reactants Ma/Mc = mass of reactants/mass of crystalline products Data sources: Assimilating reactants and crystalline products from mantle xenoliths in the Mexican arc (average mineral compositions of xenoliths x4, x6, x8, x12 and x14 of Blatter and Carmichael, 1998); pristine slab melt is an experimentally produced partial melt of metabasalt #3 at 1.6 GPa and 1000 C (Rapp and Watson, 1995). References cited: Blatter, D., and Carmichael, I., 1998, Hornblende peridotite xenoliths from central Mexico reveal the highly oxidized nature of subarc upper mantle: Geology, v. 26, p Rapp, R., and Watson, E., 1995, Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling: Journal of Petrology, v. 36, p

8 TABLE DR4. SLAB MELTI G MODELI G PARAMETERS Gómez-Tuena, Page 8 AOC a b D AOC/melt AOC melt c Pel. Sed. d e D sed/melt Sed. Melt f Rb Ba Th U Nb Ta La Ce Sr Pb Nd Sm Zr Hf Eu Gd Tb Dy Y Ho Er Yb Lu Sr/ 86 Sr Pb/ 204 Pb Pb/ 204 Pb Pb/ 204 Pb Nd/ 144 Nd a The trace element composition of the Altered Oceanic Crust (AOC) represents a mixture of 80% altered MORB from DSDP Site 487 (Verma, 2000; LaGatta, 2003) and 20% of an average fresh EPR-MORB between 5-15 N from the PETDB database ( Lehnert et al., 2000). For simplicity, the isotopic compositions of the AOC are assumed to be identical to those of sample Chal-host because they completely overlap the MORB field in Nd and Pb isotopes, at relatively higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios that characterize seawater alteration. b bulk solid/melt partition coefficients of andesitic-dacitic melts in equilibrium with a rutile-bearing, garnet amphibolite residuum (29% Cpx, 40% Gt, 29% Amph, 2% Rut). Individual mineral K d from Rollinson (1993) and references therein, Green (1995), Foley et al. (2000), Tiepolo et al. (2000), van Westrenen et al. (2001), Barth et al. (2002), Schmidt et al. (2004), and the Geochemical Earth Reference Model (GERM) ( c composition of an AOC melt assuming 10% batch melting d pelagic sediment composition from DSDP Site 487 (LaGatta, 2003) e bulk solid/melt partition coefficients for sediment melting from Johnson and Plank (1999) f composition of a pelagic sediment melt assuming 15% batch melting References cited: Barth, M., Foley, S., and Horn, I., 2002, Partial melting in Archean subduction zones: constraints from experimentally determined trace element partition coefficients between eclogitic minerals and tonalitic melts under upper mantle conditions: Precambrian Research, v. 113, p Foley, S., Barth, M., and Jenner, G., 2000, Rutile/melt partition coefficients for trace elements and an assessment of the influence of rutile on the trace element characteristics of subduction zone magmas: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 64, p Green, T., 1995, Significance of Nb/Ta as an indicator of geochemical processes in the crust mantle system: Chemical Geology, v. 120,

9 Gómez-Tuena, Page 9 Johnson, M., and Plank,T., 1999, Dehydration and melting experiments constrain the fate of subducted sediments: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 1, doi: /1999GC LaGatta, A., 2003, Arc magma genesis in the eastern Mexican Volcanic Belt [Ph. D. thesis]: New York, Columbia University, 365 p. Lehnert, K., Su, Y., Langmuir, C., Sarbas, B., and Nohl, U., 2000, A global geochemical database structure for rocks: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 1, doi: /1999GC Rollinson, H., 1993, Using Geochemical Data: London, Longman, 352 p. Schmidt, M., Dardon, A., Chazot, G., and Vannucci, R., 2004, The dependence of Nb and Ta rutile-melt partitioning on melt composition and Nb/Ta fractionation during subduction processes: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 226, p Tiepolo, M., Vannucci, R., Oberti, R., Foley, S., Bottazzi, P., and Zanetti, A., 2000, Nb and Ta incorporation and fractionation in titanian pargasite and kaersutite: crystal-chemical constraints and implications for natural systems: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 176, p van Westrenen, W., Blundy, J., and Wood, B., 2001, High field strength element/rare earth fractionation during partial melting in the presence of garnet: implications for identifications of mantle heterogeneities: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 2, doi: / 2000GC Verma, S., 2000, Geochemistry of the subducting Cocos plate and the origin of subduction-unrelated mafic volcanism at the front of the central Mexican Volcanic Belt, in Delgado-Granados, H., Aguirre-Díaz, G., and Stock, J., eds., Cenozoic Tectonics and Volcanism of Mexico: Geological Society of America Special Paper 334, p

10 Gómez-Tuena, Page 10 TABLE DR5. TRACE ELEME T MODELI G RESULTS FOR MA TLE ASSIMILATIO - FRACTIO AL CRYSTALLIZATIO PROCESS OF A AVERAGE TRO DHJEMITE EM a DM b c Kd Opx/melt Chal. Av. d Cam EM Cam DM Nb Nd Yb Nb/Nd Yb/Nd a enriched mantle wedge composition from Gómez-Tuena et al. (2007) b depleted mantle wedge composition from Salters and Stracke (2004) c mineral/melt partition coefficients for orthopyroxene from Salters and Stracke (2004) d average composition of Chalcatzingo trondhjemites Hybrid melt compositions (Cam) calculated using the assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC) formulation of DePaolo (1981) for Mp/Ma between 25 and 0.1. The model considers a gradual increase of melt mass (Ma/Mc = 1.2) and the crystallization of Opx as the reaction evolves, but no change in mineral phase proportions. Mp/Ma = mass of slab melt/mass of reactants Ma/Mc = mass of reactants/mass of crystalline products References cited: DePaolo, D., 1981, Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wallrock assimilation and fractional crystallization: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 53, p Gómez-Tuena, A., Langmuir, C., Goldstein, S., Straub, S., and Ortega-Gutiérrez, F., 2007, Geochemical evidence for slab melting in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: Journal of Petrology, v. 48, p Salters, V. and Stracke, A., 2004, Composition of the depleted mantle: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 5, doi: /2003GC

GSA Data Repository

GSA Data Repository 218145 Parolari et al., 218, A balancing act of crust creation and destruction along the western Mexican convergent margin: Geology, https://doi.org/1.113/g39972.1. 218145_Tables DR1-DR4.xls