Validation of GRACE time-variable gravity field by ICESat, GPS, WGHM and altimetry satellites

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1 Validation of GRACE time-variable gravity field by ICESat, GPS, WGHM and altimetry satellites Christian Gruber 1, Andreas Groh 2, Elisa Fagiolini 1, Christoph Dahle 1, Sergei Rudenko 1 (1) German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) Section 1.2 Global Geomonitoring and Gravity Field (2) Institut fuer Planetare Geodaesie, TU Dresden IUGG-2501/G03 Variations of the Gravity Field Praha, Czech Republic,

2 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Outline of talk GRACE data solutions (CSR5, GFZ4, GFZ5a, RBF) Greenland/Continental GPS uplift rates (GNET, CODE) Ice mass balances (ICESAT) Sea level budgeting from (Ant-) Arctic Hydro-basin comparisons (WGHM) Kalman Filtering for daily updates Hydraulic inundation volumes (in-situ) Altimetry Satellites (RMS-fits, ARC/overlap)

3 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Greenland GPS comparison Spread of ice mass loss into northwest Greenland observed by GRACE and GPS Shfaqat Abbas Khan, John Wahr, Michael Bevis, Isabella Velicogna and Eric Kendrick (2010) GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 37, L06501, doi: /2010gl042460, 2010 GNET GPS vertical displacements ( ) GRACE gravity fields (RL04, RL05a, RBF, CSR05) Add degree C_10, C_11, S_11 (CM->CF) Replace C_20 (SLR), being poorly observed by GRACE Add atmospherical loading (GAC) Prepare GIA: ICE_5G_v1.3 (Peltier 2012), -> Sph. Harmonics, CF removed Remove GIA from GRACE temporal coefficients Compute crustal uplift signal in GNET sites (transfers with elastic load LOVE numbers k_n, h_n) Restore full ICE_5G uplift rates (part of GPS displacements) Correlate with GPS time series, show average correlation over all stations

4 GPS sites correlation: Greenland IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, RL % RL % RBF 36.7% CSR %

5 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, GPS station network RL % RL % RBF 39.4% CSR % Steigenberger, P.; Hugentobler, U.; Lutz, S.; Dach, R.: CODE contribution to the first IGS reprocessing campaign; Technical Report 1/2011, IAPG/TUM, 2011

6 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, ICE Sat and GRACE mass change Groh A, Ewert H, Rosenau R, Fagiolini E, Gruber C, Floricioiu D, Abdel Jaber W, Linow S, Flechtner F, Eineder M, Dierking W, Dietrich R (2014): Mass, volume and velocity of the Antarctic Ice Sheet:present-day changes and error effects, Surveys in Geophysics

7 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Mass balances Greenland Antarctica

8 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Mass balances Greenland Antarctica

9 Uplift rates / sea level change IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Trend estimates for GFZRL05a Iterative leakage correction relocation of mass-signal on land Load induced crustal uplift for Greenland max +8.5mm/a Load induced crustal uplift for Antarctica max +10.3mm/a Iterative computation of RSL

10 Crustal deformation relative sea level trends IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Relative sea level change: min max 2.9 mm/a Eustatic (w/o thermal expansion) = +1.00mm/a

11 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Major hydrological basins (WGHM) 2002/4-2013/6 basin size RL % RL % RBF 46.5% CSR %

12 Processing Scheme Kalman Filter Data Input (daily arcs) KBR Observations Auto-correl., Emp. Cov Functions Least Squares Prediction System update Kalman Gain Daily Output Background Modeling Deterministic constraints Monthly/Daily Cross/Covariance Stochastic constraints AOD1B 6h glo EIGEN6c static Tides WaterGap Mod +AOD1B External Data IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, 12

13 Noise reduction IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic,

14 Comparison: GRACE vs. In situ Hydrology IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Lower Mekong Comparing mass changes from GRACE with hydraulic simulations of the large scale annual inundation volume (red points: calibration). Dung et al. Multi-objective automatic calibration of hydrodynamic models utilizing inundation maps and gauge data (2011), Hydrology and Earth System Sciences.

15 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Lower Mekong Rainfall periods : monthly and daily solutions compared to specific hydraulic modeling of inundation Volumes in the lower Mekong. The daily Kalman solutions follow the inundations from the hydraulic modeling better than monthly means and show the potential for hydrological monitoring. WGHM for general comparison. Phase lags occur after loss of data (availability).

16 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Global assessment: WGHM Min / Max / Std [mm] RMS differences: rms(rbf-wghm) rms(rl05a-wghm) Correlations: (RL05a,WGHM) (RBF,WGHM)

17 Altimetry Satellite orbits DORIS RMS IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic,

18 Altimetry Satellite orbits SLR RMS IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic,

19 Altimetry Satellite orbits Radial Arc overlap IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic,

20 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Satellite Altimetry Orbits Satellite Orbital Altitude [km] Model/ Solution Envisat 800 EIGEN-6S2 RBF Jason EIGEN-6S2 RBF Jason EIGEN-6S2 RBF SLR RMS fits [cm] DORIS RMS fits [cm/s] Radial arc overlap [cm] The mean values of SLR and DORIS RMS fits and radial arc overlap for Envisat ( ), Jason-1 ( ) and Jason-2 ( ) obtained using EIGEN-6S2_extended_v2 model and RBFv04 solutions The orbits were computed at 7-day arcs for Envisat and 12-day arcs for Jason-1 and Jason-2

21 IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic, Summary and Outlook GNET and CODE GPS uplift rates confirm temporal loading Sea level budget/ Ice mass balance (ICESAT, soon: CryoSat2) Hydro-basin comparisons (WGHM) for basin size dependent analysis Hydraulic inundation volumes to reveal GRACE temporal sensitivity Satellite Altimetry orbit for quality assessment of daily/weekly arcs Switch from Post processing to Near Real Time

22 Thanks for your attention! IAG/IUGG, G03 Variations of the Gravity Field, Praha, Czech Republic,

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