Speaker: Ing. Giorgio Barsacchi. Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys

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1 Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide revealed by Ground based InSAR Survey Speaker: Ing. Giorgio Barsacchi Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 1

Landslide kinematics Traditional approaches for characterizing landslide kinematics:

intensive Costly Time consuming Dangerous on inaccessible landslide.

to determine whether it could rapidly acquire kinematic data for a complex and large

2 Landslide kinematics Traditional approaches for characterizing landslide kinematics: Often require centimeters-meters of landslide movement to be effective Are labor intensive Costly Time consuming Dangerous on inaccessible landslide. We tested the IBIS-FL, which is a ground-based, interferometric, syntetic aperture radar to determine whether it could rapidly acquire kinematic data for a complex and large landslide like the Slumguillon. Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 2

3 Slumgullion landslide DEM model of the landslide Location Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 3 06/08/2013 3

Slumgullion landslide Knowledge of landslide kinematics

extending Fast - neutral Slow - compressing Photograph

Schuster, US Geological Survey From USGS Fact Sheet

4 Slumgullion landslide Knowledge of landslide kinematics supports understanding of landsliding mechanisms Slow - extending Fast - neutral Slow - compressing Photograph by R.L. Schuster, US Geological Survey From USGS Fact Sheet , 2004 Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 4

8 Sporadical Vegatation Moves persistently Giorgio Barsacchi

5 Slumguillon Landslide - Colorado USA 3.9 km long, 300 m wide Average thickness of 13 m Mean inclination 8 Sporadical Vegatation Moves persistently Giorgio Barsacchi 06/08/2013 Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 5 5

IBIS-FL capabilities Continuously measure (24x7) landslide movements with sub-millimetric accuracy at long distance (up to 4 Km) All weather acquisition High spacial resolution Map the

6 IBIS-FL capabilities Continuously measure (24x7) landslide movements with sub-millimetric accuracy at long distance (up to 4 Km) All weather acquisition High spacial resolution Map the long term evolution of slow moving slopes to get a better knowledge of the rock mass strength Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 6

7 Techniques behind GBInSAR systems GBInSAR sensors are based on three well-known radar techniques: 1. Stepped-Frequency Continuous Wave (SF-CW) technique resolves the scenario in the range direction, detecting the position in range of different targets placed along the radar s line of sight; 2. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) allows to obtain 2D high-resolution radar images by adding to the range resolution (fro the SF-CW), the cross-range angular resolution 3. Interferometric technique, computes the displacement of each pixels by comparing the phase information of the radr signal collected at different times. Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 7

8 Pixel Observed area 4km Observed area 2m IBIS sensor mt 4200mt 2km Measure Station Pixel R CR IBIS sensor Cross range direction Range direction Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 8

9 Interferometric capability The interferometric analysis provides data on object displacement by comparing phase information, collected in different time periods, of reflected waves from the object, providing a measure of the displacement with an accuracy of less than 0.01mm. First acquisition TX RX ϕ 1 d d = λ 4π ( ϕ ϕ ) 2 1 Second acquisition TX RX ϕ 2 Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 9

pixels Optical Image Power Map su DTM Giorgio Barsacchi

10 SAR 2-dimension The combination of SAR and SF-CW techniques allows the system to resolve the scenario into two dimensional pixels Optical Image Power Map su DTM Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 10

11 IBIS-L: configurations Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 11

12 Ground Based InSAR Monitoring instruments Extensometer GPS IBIS-FL from Ingegneria dei sistemi Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 12

13 Methods InSAR unit METHODS Extensometers at 3 locations GPS surveys at 13 locations 1 InSAR unit Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 13

14 The IBIS campaign Few hours for the setup of the IBIS 5 days of acquisition The acquisition was set from 400m to 4 km Acquisition time of 9.40 minutes Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 14

15 Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 15 06/08/ Courtesy of USGS

16 Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 16 06/08/ Courtesy of USGS

17 Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 17 06/08/ Courtesy of USGS

18 IBIS-L survey result overimposed on a DTM Cumulative displacement map Velocity map Amplitude map Cumulative displacement map Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 18

19 0 h Cumulative displacement map Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 19

20 24 h Cumulative displacement map Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 20

21 48 h Cumulative displacement map Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 21

22 72 h Cumulative displacement map Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 22

23 96 h Cumulative displacement map Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 23

24 120 h Cumulative displacement map Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 24

25 Time histories Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 25

26 Time histories Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 26

27 InSAR vs GPS Data compared between 10m Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 27

28 Extensometer vs InSAR Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 28

Previous work on spatially distributed kinematics Clearly defined kinematic elements Courtesy of USGS 0 100 m From Fleming et

29 Previous work on spatially distributed kinematics Clearly defined kinematic elements Courtesy of USGS m From Fleming et al., USGS GISM I-2672, 1999 Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 29

30 RESULTS InSAR reveals kinematic elements Courtesy of USGS Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 30

Courtesy of USGS RESULTS Spatial distribution of relative speeds are

1985-1990 average Landslide head is much slower than 1985-1990

outside of slide Element 8 is slowing relative to 9 Giorgio Barsacchi

31 Courtesy of USGS RESULTS Spatial distribution of relative speeds are similar to those from previous studies Absolute speeds are lower than average Landslide head is much slower than average No correlation between slope position and displacement outside of slide Element 8 is slowing relative to 9 Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 31

Courtesy of USGS DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Slide is slowing Speed during GBInSAR survey was 97-103% of 2010 average Elements 1-5

, 2009, ESP&L) Moisture has decreased historically (Coe, 2012, Geology) Slide may be narrowing at its lower end Persistence of

32 Courtesy of USGS DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Slide is slowing Speed during GBInSAR survey was % of 2010 average Elements 1-5 have thinned up to 10 m since 1940 (Coe et al., 2009, ESP&L) Moisture has decreased historically (Coe, 2012, Geology) Slide may be narrowing at its lower end Persistence of kinematic elements supports persistence of boundaries GBInSAR provided data that previously required many months to obtain Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 32

33 Georadar Questions? Thanks for your attention Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 33

34 Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide revealed by Ground based InSAR Survey Speaker: Ing. Giorgio Barsacchi, IDS Giorgio Barsacchi Kinematics of the Slumgullion Landslide Revealed by Ground based InSAR Surveys 34

The financial and communal impact of a catastrophe instantiated by. volcanoes endlessly impact on lives and damage expensive infrastructure every

Chapter 1 Introduction The financial and communal impact of a catastrophe instantiated by geophysical activity is significant. Landslides, subsidence, earthquakes and volcanoes endlessly impact on lives