STUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERY. Greenwich, England, and represents 0

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1 Name Cass Date Mapping Our Word SECTION 2.1 Latitude and Longitude In your textbook, read about atitude and ongitude. Match the definition in Coumn A with the term in Coumn B. Coumn A 1. Science of mapmaking 2. Imaginary ine that separates Earth into northern and southern hemispheres 3. Distance in degrees north or south of the equator 4. Distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian 5. Reference point for ongitude that passes through Greenwich, Engand, and represents 0 Coumn B a. prime meridian b. ongitude c. cartography d. equator e. atitude In the space at the eft, write true if the statement is true; if the statement is fase, change the itaicized word or phrase to make it true. 6. The equator is ocated hafway between the north poe and the prime meridian. 7. Lines of atitude run parae to the equator. 8. The equator is at 180 atitude. 9. The south poe is at 90 south ongitude. 10. One degree of atitude is equivaent to about 111 km on Earth s surface. 11. Each degree of atitude is divided into 360 minutes. 12. Lines of ongitude are aso caed meridians. 13. The prime meridian is the reference ine for atitude. 14. Points east of the prime meridian are ocated between 0 and 180 east ongitude. 15. Lines of ongitude are semicirces that extend from the north poe to the south poe. 16. Each degree of ongitude corresponds to about 111 km at the north poe. 17. A meridians converge at the poes. Study Guide for Content Mastery Chapter 2 Earth Science: Geoogy, the Environment, and the Universe 7

2 Name Cass Date SECTION 2.1 Latitude and Longitude, continued In your textbook, read about ocating paces with coordinates. Use the map grid to answer the foowing questions. A 46 01'N B 46 00'N 18. What is the atitude of point A? C D 45 59'N 'W 'W 'W 'W 19. Which two points have the same atitude? What is that atitude? 20. What is the ongitude of point B? 21. Which two points have the same ongitude? What is that ongitude? 22. What are the coordinates of point C? In your textbook, read about time zones. Circe the etter of the choice that best competes the statement or answers the question. 23. Into how many time zones is Earth divided? a. 12 b. 24 c. 60 d Approximatey how wide is each time zone? a. 15 b. 30 c. 60 d The Internationa Date Line is ocated at the a. 0 ine of atitude c. 0 meridian b. 180 ine of atitude d. 180 meridian 26. When you trave east across the Internationa Date Line, you a. advance your caendar one day c. move your caendar back one day b. advance your caendar 12 hours d. move your caendar back 12 hours 8 Chapter 2 Earth Science: Geoogy, the Environment, and the Universe Study Guide for Content Mastery

3 Name Cass Date SECTION 2.2 Types of Maps In your textbook, read about Mercator, conic, and gnomonic projections. Labe each map projection as conic, gnomonic or Mercator. 1. gnomonic 3. Mercator 2. Write the name of the map projection Mercator, conic,or gnomonic for each description. 4. Used as road and weather maps 5. Has parae ines of atitude and ongitude 6. Made by projecting points and ines from a gobe onto a piece of paper that touches the gobe at a singe point 7. Distorts direction and distance between andmasses 8. Exaggerates the areas of andmasses near the poes, but correcty shows their shape 9. Made by projecting points and ines from a gobe onto a cone 10. Has very itte distortion in the areas or shapes of andmasses that fa aong a certain ine of atitude 11. Used by navigators to pot great-circe routes Study Guide for Content Mastery Chapter 2 Earth Science: Geoogy, the Environment, and the Universe 9

4 Name Cass Date SECTION 2.2 Types of Maps, continued In your textbook, read about topographic maps and contour ines. Use each of the terms beow just once to compete the passage. contour interva contour ines hachures index contours topographic maps Maps that show changes in eevation of Earth s surface are caed (12) kind of map, points of equa eevation are connected by (13) eevation between two side-by-side contour ines is caed the (14).On this.the difference in.contour ines whose eevation is marked by a number on the map are known as (15). Contour ines that indicate depressions have (16),or short ines at right anges to the contour ines. The contour interva on the map beow is 20 m. Use the contour map to answer the foowing questions. 500 A C D E 17. Which of the abeed points on the map has the highest eevation? 18. What is the eevation of the highest abeed point? 19. Which of the abeed points on the map has the owest eevation? B 20. What is the eevation of the owest abeed point? 10 Chapter 2 Earth Science: Geoogy, the Environment, and the Universe Study Guide for Content Mastery

5 Name Cass Date SECTION 2.2 Types of Maps, continued In your textbook, read about map egends and map scaes. Use each of the terms beow to compete the foowing statements. fractiona scae graphic scae map egend map scae verba scae 21. A expains what the symbos on a map represent. 22. To measure distances on a map, you need to use the, of which there are three types. 23. A expresses distance as a statement, such as one centimeter is equa to one kiometer. 24. A consists of a ine that represents a certain unit of distance, such as 5 km. 25. A expresses distance as a ratio, such as 1: The map and map egend beow have been reduced to fit this space. Use the map and the map egend to answer the foowing questions. 26. Which city on the map is cosest to a campground? 27. Which highway eads to a skiing area? 28. Which two cities are connected by a rairoad? Centervie Day City Highway 33 Highway 15 Highway 8 Oak His Map Legend Rairoad Airport Campground Skiing 1: cm 1 km 29. Look at the verba scae. If the distance from Centervie to Oak His is 10 km, how far apart shoud these cities be on the map? Study Guide for Content Mastery Chapter 2 Earth Science: Geoogy, the Environment, and the Universe 11

6 Name Cass Date SECTION 2.3 Remote Sensing In your textbook, read about the eectromagnetic spectrum. Circe the etter of the choice that best competes the statement or answers the question. 1. The arrangement of eectromagnetic radiation is caed a. remote sensing c. the radiation pattern b. wave imaging d. the eectromagnetic spectrum 2. Which term describes the number of waves that pass a particuar point each second? a. speed b. frequency c. waveength d. wave height 3. Which of the foowing is NOT a type of eectromagnetic radiation? a. X rays b. utravioet waves c. ocean waves d. microwaves 4. The speed of ight in a vacuum is a km/s b. 300 km/s c. 300 m/s d. 3 m/s 5. Which form of eectromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency? a. visibe ight b. radio waves c. gamma rays d. infrared waves 6. Which form of eectromagnetic radiation has the owest frequency? a. visibe ight b. radio waves c. gamma rays d. infrared waves In your textbook, read about Landsat sateites, the Topex/Poseidon sateite, and the Goba Positioning System. Write the name of the remote sensing device Landsat, Topex/Poseidon,or GPS for each description. 7. Uses a system of 24 sateites that transmit microwaves 8. Uses radar to map features, such as mountains and vaeys, that are on the ocean foor 9. Uses a handhed receiver to hep peope determine their exact position on Earth 10. Creates images that show surface features as different coors 11. Used for ship and airpane navigation 12. Picks up buges and depressions in ocean water 12 Chapter 2 Earth Science: Geoogy, the Environment, and the Universe Study Guide for Content Mastery