GEOSS and GEO Cold Regions - An information framework for observations in Polar and Mountain areas

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1 GEOSS and GEO Cold Regions - An information framework for observations in Polar and Mountain areas 16 Sep, 2013 Beijing, China Yubao Qiu yqiu@geosec.org GEO Secretariat GEO Secretariat

2 Precipitation Wang et al., 2012, Clim. Dynam wet-gets-wetter Short data spans of satellite data Biases associated with instrument Uncertainties in retrieval algorithms

3 The Group on Earth Observations (GEO) Earth Observation Summit U.S. Department of State Washington DC 31 July 2003

4 GEO Vision To realize a future wherein decisions and actions, for the benefit of humankind, are informed by coordinated, comprehensive and sustained Earth observations and information.

5 Improve and Coordinate Observation Systems Advance Broad Open Data Policies/Practices Foster Increased Use of EO Data and Information Build Capacity GEO Objectives

6 Created in 2005, to develop a coordinated and sustained Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) to enhance decision making in nine Societal Benefit Areas (SBAs) GEO today: 90 Members 67 Participating Organizations

7 67 Participating Organizations GEO Secretariat

8 A Global, Coordinated, Comprehensive and Sustained System of Observing Systems

9 Space-based Assets

10 In-situ Systems

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12 Ecosystem Classification & Mapping (Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, EC, Italy, Paraguay, USA, RCMRD, UNESCO) * SHARE mountain stations operational * All ecosystem mapping data available; DataCORE * New maps of growing season * Atlas of 40 Chinese World Heritage Sites GEO Secretariat * Decision-making support: ABCC program

13 Improved Crop Management (Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, EC, France, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, USA, FAO) FASAL - India * New GEO proposal adopted by G20 (Cannes, 3-4 Nov 2011) * Inter-comparisons of agricultural modeling & monitoring methods * 7 pilot sites in Argentina, Canada, China, Europe and Mexico * 2 new pilot-sites in Brazil * Satellite data acquisition coordinated with CEOS

14 Forest Carbon Tracking (Australia, Canada, Japan, Norway, USA, CEOS, FAO) Network of National Demonstrators From 2009: Brazil Guyana Mexico Indonesia (Borneo) Australia (Tasmania) Cameroon Tanzania From 2010/2011: Colombia Congo Peru Indonesia (Sumatra) Nepal (2011) New projects contributed: * US SilvaCarbon * European FP7 RECOVER, REDDAF, REDD-FLAME, REDDINESS

15 Regional Center for Tropical Forest Monitoring (Brazil, France, Italy, Japan, FAO) * Training in 3 languages (English, Spanish, Portuguese) * Open-source software * Over 60 people trained from 18 countries * Results directly applied by Congo

16 More Carbon Information (Australia, China, EC, France, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, UK, USA, CEOS, ESA, GTOS, WMO) * Ground-based Carbon datasets released (FLUXNET, TCCON) * Essential for calibration/ validation of satellite data * New European projects launched for estimating regional CO2 and CH4 sources & sinks GEO Secretariat * GEO Carbon Strategy

17 Next Generation CBERS (Brazil, China, Egypt, France, Gabon, Italy, Spain, South Africa) * 70% of CBERS data available online * Ground stations upgraded to receive/ process CBERS-2B * New ground station in Gabon GEO Secretariat * MoUs signed with Spain and South Africa for CBERS-3 reception (launch in Q1 2012)

18 Global Fire-Danger Systems (Canada, Germany, Russia, GTOS, ISDR) * Prototype global early-warning system operational * Regional fire systems for Eurasia, Europe, southern Africa developing * 400 weather station data processed daily for fire-potential maps

19 New Flood Warning Systems (Canada, Germany, Namibia, Ukraine, USA, UNOOSA) * Launched during Namibian floods of January-April 2011 * Rapid dissemination of space-based & groundsensor products * Flood warnings issued to local populations * To be extended to southern African regions GEO Secretariat

20 GEO Biodiversity Observation Network (Australia, Denmark, Greece, India, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, USA, Diversitas, GBIF) * GEOBON key contributor to Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) * Evaluation of existing capabilities for protecting biodiversity by 2020 * Country maps of native and invasive species GEO Secretariat

21 GEONETCast Expanded (China, EC, Netherlands, USA, EUMETSAT) * New dissemination of disaster imagery (agreement with International Charter) * Growing network of stations: Africa, Asia, Americas * CMACast Next generation update * Toolbox, training channels, e-courses

22 More Water Information (Austria, EC, Germany, Japan, USA, CEOS, ESA, WCRP, WMO) Soil Moisture (SMOS, ESA) * Global high-res precipitation datasets * New SMOS products & soil moisture datasets Precip * Satellite data validation * Global Drought Information System underway GEO Secretariat GEO Secretariat * Asian/African Water Cycle Initiative

23 Push the way for the GEO Dry-land Observation Network (Now ) UNCCD, Rio+20 outcomes literally states: We reaffirm our resolve under the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) to take coordinated action nationally, regionally and internationally, to monitor, globally, land degradation and restore degraded lands in arid, semi-arid and dry sub humid areas ; what this statement may help open a new window for addressing global monitoring UNCCD. Rio+20 outcomes: The Zero-net land degradation (ZNLD) could have on a renewed interest on land-related issues in the global environmental agenda. Clearly without a strong monitoring system, the idea of ZNLD will fail.

24 GEOSS Implementation requires: Data Sharing Principles Full and Open Exchange of Data Data and Products at Minimum Time delay and Minimum Cost Free of Charge or Cost of Reproduction

25 GEOSS Targeted Gaps 1. Uncertainty over continuity of observations 2. Large spatial and temporal gaps in specific data sets 3. Eroding or little technical infrastructure in many parts of the world 4. Lack of relevant processing systems to transform data into useful information 5. Limited access to data and associated benefits in developing world 6. Inadequate data integration and interoperability 7. Inadequate user involvement

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27 Interoperability Brokers

28 Introduction of the Brokering approach

29 Achievements

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32 Link/Foster the Cold Regions Monitoring (Canada, China, Denmark, Germany, Norway, India, Italy, Japan, Spain, Switzerland, USA, ICIMOD, IEEE, WCRP, WMO) * CryoClim climate monitoring service * Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System * Sea-ice ECV for Arctic/ Antarctic snow-cover * Focus on Tibetan Plateau * Glacier dynamics mapping GEO Secretariat

33 Why - Cold Regions Its CORE are the Cryospheric Components It includes snow, sea ice, lake and river ice, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, permafrost and seasonally frozen ground, and solid precipitation Disaster GEO nine Societal Benefit Areas Water Climate Energy Health Weather Ecosystem Agriculture Biodiversity

34 Geographic area Themes National Arctic Regional Ant +SO Islands Mountains TP Global Cryosphere Ecosystem Environment Biodiversity GEO CRs CEOP AEGIS PEEX SAON ABCC SIOS TPE WMO GCW Nationa l Projects Functions Others(WA/CL/HD) Coordination Network Implementation Information(Portal) Services Qualitative Rating Comparative Research

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39 A draft to address the coordination (Information Service for cold Regions) Ministerial Summit GEO Cold Region Cross Cutting Task Projects Partnerships (Systems) Plenary (Decision Makers) Information GEO Cold Regions (CoP / Advisory Board) The Third Part Partnerships (FUTURE EARTH, CLIC/WCRP ) GEOSS Communities (Users and Stakeholders) Programs Networks/Coordinations Water-Ecosystem/Biodiversity-Climate-Environment SBAs Infrastructure (Broker/GCI) Short/ Long Term Activates/ National/Institutional effort /Projects DATA Data Sharing Principle (Support) Space (Satellite/Airborne) In-situ model output (assimilation)

40 Now Applications GCI provides the raw and all Specific Themes Others combinations of GEO Data Resources, now with millions of GEOBON GFOI records and URLs. While it is not easy for those who are working on the applications. Idea GCI likes a raw data pool, virtual layer of portal applications are specific, the virtual layer provide a professional interface to the applications Requirement An Programmable GCI : Based on the GCI, create a virtual layer of Data Pools portal (interface) Benefit Data pledge /Users engagement : more operational for the users and specific theme applications 3 2 1

41 Recent Progress Building on the Past and Existing Activities Enhance the Arctic Data/Information coordination for Cold Regions by international programs (SAON, SIOS, PEEX, INTERACT, ABDS-ABA/CAFF, Cryoclim) and National/Institutional programs/projects (China, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland) Remote Sensing of Antarctic - Land Cover and Mapping Initialize the coordination of the lower latitude Mountain Cold Regions observation activities (with EC-01 part) via in-situ and satellite observation and application, for example, SHARE/NextData Network, CEOP-AEGIS, TPE, ICIMOD, IMIS/SwissEx and etc. Satellite Data Coordination Support

42 Programs(list some of programs and projects): -(Sustainable Arctic Observation Network)SAON -Cryoclim (Norway) -Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS) -INTERACT (International Network for Terrestrial Research and Monitoring in the Arctic) -PEEX Pan Eurasian Experiment -National Support : Italian Arctic Data Centre / Chinese Polar Mapping - (other projects) Mountain Projects: -Swiss Experiment Platform (SwissEx) -CEOP-AEGIS -TPE Program -ICIMOD data bases -SHARE NEXTDATA GEONetwork (EvC2CNR) - (other Porjects)

43 SAON will promote coordination & improved services Arctic Observing Operational Observing (international and national) Research Observing Community-based Observing; Local & Traditional Knowledge SAON etc. A Gateway to Arctic Data Building Blocks Arctic Global Observing Scientific Research & Education Data Products Forecasting & Prediction Decision- Making Policy- Making Arctic and Global Value-added Services & Societal Benefits

44 The CORE of Cold Region WMO-GCW Development WMO The IGOS Cryosphere Theme was developed primarily to assess current capabilities and requirements for cryospheric observations Over 100 recommendations provide the basis for subsequent actions. But who will take action? 2008 by GCW Global Cryosphere Watch (GCW)

45 Third Pole Environment Database

46 Pan Eurasian Experiment In-situ Measurement Built on existing network atmospheric measurements

47 Antarctic Landcover v1.0

48 Cold region specific data of the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) IMIS network Cryosphere Data: -166 stations over Switzerland -221 observers nationwide reporting weather and snow parameters -Some research data contains long time-series (Weissfluhjoch: 75 years) Ecological Data Swiss Experiment Platform (SwissEx)

49 Space Observation Support to the Polar programs Polar Space Task Group support etc

50 Comparative Study on Global Environmental Change Using Space Technology (ABCC) To establish a cooperative relationship among the Participants in the use of Earth Observation science and technology in the study of global change, on the basis of equality, reciprocity and mutual benefit.

51 Activities and workshops Joined the 2 nd and 3 rd Boarding meeting for SAON, 2012~2013 Join the 2 nd and 3 rd PSTG meeting, Geneva, 2012~2013 ECPORS IV / WMO, Lanzhou, 2013 EO4Cryosphere, ESRIN, 2012 GEO WATGLOBS meeting, April, 2013 WebEx and Consultative side meetings, 2012~2013 Arctic Observation Summit, Vancouver, 1-3 May, 2013 The GEO Cold Regions Leads held a Webex meeting, 22, May, 2013 GEO Cold Regions Meeting/Workshop, Geneva, 3 rd, June,2013 Polar Data base meeting, Oct., 2013 Joint effort with the WMO/GCW at Dce., 2013 GEO X Ministerial Summit / Plenary activities: side meeting or exhibition and Poster in Booth, Jan, 2014 AOS, Helsinki, Finland, 2014 Co-Sponsor

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