CHEMISTRY 117, PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY FALL 2017

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1 CHEMISTRY 117, PRINCIPLES O CHEMISTRY ALL 2017 instructor: Professor Jeffrey L. Petersen office: 257 CRL (Chemistry Research Laboratory) address: jpeterse@wvu.edu www address: lecture periods: Monday, Wednesday, riday, 10:30 a.m., Room 312, Clark Hall recitation period: Monday, 1:30 p.m., Room 312, Clark Hall lab periods: Wednesday and riday, 1:30 p.m., Rooms 300 and 301, Clark Hall Introduction Chemistry 117 is the first semester course of a full year course designed to provide students with a practical understanding of fundamental chemical principles and their quantitative application in the laboratory. The major topics that will be emphasized in this course include chemical stoichiometry, inorganic reaction chemistry, states of matter, properties of solutions, chemical equilibrium, acid-base chemistry, atomic and molecular structure, and chemical bonding principles. The overall goals of Chemistry 117 are consistent with those of the University's General Education Curriculum (GEC objective 2B) and place special emphasis on the development of critical thinking skills. Text Principles of Modern Chemistry, D. W. Oxtoby, H. P. Gillis, and L. J. Butler, 8th ed. Learning Outcomes Upon successful completion of this course, undergraduate students will 1. have a firm foundation of the fundamental mathematical relationships, principles, and theories of chemistry. 2. be able to conduct qualitative and quantitative experiments, maintain an accurate written record of their experimental work, perform relevant calculations and graphical analyses, and evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of the results of their laboratory work. 3. develop the problem solving and critical thinking skills needed to solve mathematically complex chemical problems.

2 4. master the laboratory techniques necessary to perform accurate and precise chemical analyses and learn the proper procedures for the safe handling of chemicals. 5. gain a practical knowledge of the language of chemistry as it pertains to chemical nomenclature, units of measure, general classes of chemical reactions, properties exhibited by chemical elements and compounds, and relationships between various physiochemical quantities. 6. be able to visualize the structures displayed by chemical compounds and understand the basic principles that ultimately determine these structural arrangements and their corresponding properties. 7. develop an appreciation for the relevance of chemistry in addressing fundamental environmental, energy-related, and socioeconomic issues facing an increasingly technological world. Examinations ive written examinations and a comprehensive final examination will be administered during the semester. The examination schedule is attached to this syllabus. Determination of Grade The final grade will be based upon your performance on the written examinations, on the homework assignments, and on the laboratory exercises. The following weighting scheme will be used for this determination. Hour exams: 30% Homework assignments: 10% inal exam: 20% Laboratory work: 40% Grading Scale: (A+), (A), (A-), (B+), (B), (B-), (C+), (C), (C-), below 60 (D), below 50 () Homework Assignments Specific problems from the textbook and additional problems taken from previous examinations will be assigned periodically. The homework assignments must be handed in on time and will be graded promptly. Assignments handed in after the due date, without my prior approval, will only receive 50% of the maximum possible credit. Because your success in this class depends on your understanding and ability to apply the concepts covered on the homework assignments, it is highly recommended that you do as many of the problems as possible on your own. If you

3 misplace a homework assignment, it can also be found at Reserve Materials The answer keys to all of the assigned problems and the written examinations will be placed on reserve in Wise Library. The reserve desk is located on the left side of the main floor as you enter the new addition of Wise Library. The reserve materials can also be retrieved electronically by going to the University Library website located at These materials are saved in pdf format, which will require the use of Adobe Acrobat Reader to retrieve them. If you do not have Adobe Acrobat Reader on your computer, the latest version can be downloaded at no charge from the University Library website. To access the materials on electronic reserve (ereserves), use the following steps after opening the Library website: 1. Under Services, click on ereserves & Reserves 2. Click on Search for electronic reserve (ereserve) materials 3. Enter your Username and your Password Monday Recitation Period The Monday afternoon period will be used as a review session to provide help with assigned homework problems and as an examination period on the designated dates. Laboratory Sessions You will be assigned your own lab desk at one of the lab benches in either Clark 300 or 301. A copy of the laboratory schedule is attached. To ensure your safety, safety goggles and a laboratory apron must be worn at all times in the laboratory. Also you must wear shoes that cover your feet and shorts are not to be worn in the lab. The rules established by the Bennett Department of Chemistry with regard to laboratory conduct and safety will be strictly enforced during each lab period. Laboratory notebooks will be collected at least three times during the semester for grading. You will be notified at least two weeks in advance of the dates when your lab book must be turned in. Before beginning each laboratory exercise, you must write a short summary in your lab book at the beginning of the experiment. All subsequent entries in your lab book must be made as you perform the various steps associated with the experiment. Save sufficient space in your notebook to record your experimental data and to perform all of the required calculations. It is to your advantage to complete the write-up for each experiment as you finish the experiment rather than waiting until just before the lab books are due.

4 Social Justice Statement West Virginia University is committed to social justice. I concur with that commitment and expect to maintain a positive learning environment based upon open communication, mutual respect, and non-discrimination. Our University does not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, age, disability, veteran status, religion, sexual orientation, color or national origin. Any suggestions as to how to further such a positive and open environment in this class will be appreciated and given serious consideration. If you are a person with a disability and anticipate needing any type of accommodation in order to participate in this class, please advise me and make appropriate arrangements with the Office of Disability Services ( ). Cell phones and portable listening devices, such as a MP3 player, ipod, or radio, are to be turned off and completely stowed away PRIOR to lecture and recitation periods, laboratory sessions, and examinations.

5 LECTURE SYLLABUS CHEMISTRY 117, ALL 2017 Jeffrey L. Petersen, Professor DAY DATE CHAPTER LECTURE TOPICS W 8/16 1 Introduction, Classification of Matter 8/18 1 Basic Laws, Atomic Structure, Chemical ormula, Percent Composition M 8/21 1, 2 Mole Concept, Analytical Determination of Chemical ormulas W 8/23 2 Stoichiometry, Limiting Reagent 8/25 3, 5.5 Ionic Bonding, Electronegativity, Ionization Energy, and Electron Affinity M 8/28 3 Covalent Bonding, Lewis Structures W 8/30 Resonance, ormal Charge 9/1 3 VSEPR Theory, Molecular Shapes M 9/4 3 Labor Day Recess W 9/6 3 Polarity, Dipole Moment 9/8 9 Kinetic Theory of Gases, Simple Gas Laws M 9/11 9 Ideal Gas Law W 9/13 9 Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure, Monitoring Gas Reactions with Pressure 9/15 9 Molecular Velocity, Diffusion, Non-ideal Gas Behavior M 9/ , Intermolecular orces, Phase Diagrams, Phase Equilibria W 9/20 11 Concentration Units (molarity, molality, mole fraction), Solution Stoichiometry

6 DAY DATE CHAPTER LECTURE TOPICS 9/22 11 Solution Inorganic Chemistry - Precipitation, Neutralization, and Redox M 9/25 11 Balancing Redox Reactions W 9/27 11 Colligative Properties, Vapor Pressure Lowering, Raoult's Law 9/29 11 Boiling Point Elevation, reezing Point Depression, Osmotic Pressure M 10/2 11 Volatile Solutions, Henry's Law, Distillation Process W 10/ Chemical Equilibrium, Law of Mass Action 10/ Gas Phase Equilibrium Problems, K p M 10/ LeChatelier's Principle W 10/11 15 Acid-Base Equilibria, ph Scale 10/13 15 Weak Acids (K a ), Weak Bases (K b ) M 10/16 15 Hydrolysis, Common-Ion Effect W 10/18 15 Buffers 10/20 15 Exact Treatment of Acid-Base Equilibria M 10/23 15 Strong Acid/ Strong Base Titration W 10/25 15 Weak Acid/ Strong Base and Weak Base/ Strong Acid Titrations 10/27 15 Polyprotic Acids M 10/30 15 Amphoterism W 11/1 15 Ionic Equilibria, K sp

7 DAY DATE CHAPTER LECTURE TOPICS 11/3 16 Effect of Common Ions and ph on Solubility Selective Precipitation M 11/6 16 Metal Complex Ion Equilibria, K f W 11/8 16 Electromagnetic Radiation, Planck's Law, Photoelectric Effect 11/10 4 Atomic Spectroscopy, Bohr Model of the Atom M 11/13 4 Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, Quantum Numbers, Atomic Orbitals W 11/15 4, 5.1 Radial and Angular Wavefunctions for the Hydrogen Atom 11/ Electron Spin, Polyelectronic Atoms, Electron Configurations for Atoms and Ions M- 11/20-11/24 Thanksgiving Recess M 11/ Delocalized Bonding, Molecular Orbital Theory for Diatomic Molecules W 11/ Sigma and Pi Bonds 12/1 6.9 Orbital Hybridization M 12/4 Course Evaluation

8 SCHEDULE OR EXAMINATIONS AND RECITATION SESSIONS CHEMISTRY 117, ALL 2017 Jeffrey L. Petersen, Professor DAY DATE TOPIC OR ACTIVITY Monday 8/21 Significant igures, Error Analysis Monday 8/28 Review of Chemical Nomenclature Monday 9/4 Labor Day Recess Monday 9/11 Exam 1 Monday 9/18 Question and Answer Session Monday 9/25 Exam 2 Monday 10/2 Question and Answer Session Monday 10/9 Question and Answer Session Monday 10/16 Exam 3 Monday 10/23 Question and Answer Session Monday 10/30 Exam 4 Monday 11/6 Question and Answer Session Monday 11/13 Exam 5 Monday 11/20 Thanksgiving Recess Monday 11/27 Make-Up Lecture (if necessary) Monday 12/4 Review Session CHEMISTRY 117 INAL EXAM - Tuesday, December 12, 2017 at 2 p.m. in Clark Hall, Room 312

9 CHEMISTRY 117 LABORATORY SCHEDULE ALL 2017 WEEK DAY DATE ACTIVITY 1 W 2 W 3 W 4 W 5 W 6 W 7 W 8 W 9 W 10 W 11 W 12 W 13 W 14 W 15 W 8/16 8/18 8/23 8/25 8/30 9/1 9/6 9/8 9/13 9/15 9/20 9/22 9/27 9/29 10/4 10/6 10/11 10/13 10/18 10/20 10/25 10/27 11/1 11/3 11/8 11/10 11/15 11/17 11/29 12/1 Laboratory Check-In Balances, Calibration of Volumetric Equipment, Density Stoichiometry Stoichiometry Gravimetric Determination of Sulfate Gravimetric Determination of Sulfate Gravimetric Determination of Chloride Gravimetric Determination of Chloride Molecular Structure (VSEPR) Molecular Weight Determination - Dumas Method Molecular Weight Determination - Dumas Method Acid-Base Titrations Acid-Base Titrations Acid-Base Titrations Molecular Weight - reezing Point Depression Molecular Weight - reezing Point Depression Volumetric Methods of Analysis Based on Iodine Volumetric Methods of Analysis Based on Iodine Volumetric Methods of Analysis Based on Iodine Volumetric Methods of Analysis Based on Iodine Qualitative Analysis I: Cation Analysis Qualitative Analysis I: Cation Analysis Weak Acids and Bases - Use of a ph Meter Weak Acids and Bases - Use of a ph Meter Weak Acids and Bases - Use of a ph Meter Weak Acids and Bases - Use of a ph Meter Determination of Carbonate and Bicarbonate Determination of Carbonate and Bicarbonate Lab Make-up (if needed) Lab Clean-up

10 Guidelines for Chemistry 117/118 Laboratory Notebook 1. Write your name, local address, and campus phone number on the inside cover of your notebook. 2. Use the first four pages of your notebook as a table of contents. Include the title of each experiment and appropriate page numbers. Table of Contents Title of Experiment Page Number 1. Balances, Volumetric Equipment, Density 1 2. Stoichiometry Write a brief (no more than one page) summary describing the general objectives of the experiment at the beginning of each laboratory exercise. Include pertinent chemical equations and mathematical relationships that are relevant to the specific experiment. This summary must be written in your notebook BEORE you begin the experiment. Have your instructor or teaching assistant initialize your summary prior to beginning each new laboratory experiment or exercise. 4. Enter all experimental steps in chronological order as you perform the experiment in the laboratory. If a particular experiment has several parts, use an appropriate subheading to separate each section. 5. Record all weighings and measurements for each sample separately in your notebook. Use tables whenever appropriate to organize your data. ALWAYS RECORD DATA DIRECTLY INTO YOUR NOTEBOOK rather than on scrap paper. At the end of each laboratory period, have the instructor or a teaching assistant initialize your lab book after the last entry for that particular day. 6. Show all of your calculations. Use proper units and the correct number of significant figures in reporting your experimental results. or multiple determinations, ALWAYS calculate and report the average deviation for all averaged results. All graphs should be clearly labeled and stapled or taped on a blank page set aside for each graph.

11 7. Include a summary table of your final results for each section of the experiment. You can either use the summary table(s) provided with the experiment or create your own. 8. Mistakes in your notebook should be simply crossed out. DO NOT TEAR OUT ANY PAGES IN YOUR NOTEBOOK! 9. All entries should be written legibly in blue or black ink, NOT PENCIL. Anyone should be able to pick-up your notebook and readily follow what you did for each experiment. 10. At the end of each experiment, begin your General Overview of the Experiment with Discussion of Results and Potential Errors section by describing the experiment that you performed and then comment specifically on the results and reproducibility of your work. Also, discuss potential sources of error that could or did affect your results. Under the subheading of Concluding Comments, comment specifically on what you learned in the process of carrying out the experiment and on the specific concepts/relationships that were reinforced by the laboratory exercise. Also, comment about how you might improve the experiment. Be sure to include all of the required calculations and answer all of the questions in the laboratory handout for each laboratory exercise. 11. The general organization of each experiment in your notebook should resemble: Title of the Experiment A. Summary B. Experimental Procedure C. Data (including tables and graphs) D. Calculations and Summary of Results (including summary tables) E. General Overview of the Experiment with Discussion of Results and Potential Errors. Concluding Comments

12 Grading Scheme for Laboratory Experiments The grading scheme for the laboratory experiments is as follows: Overall laboratory write-up (total of 50 pts.) Summary - 5 pts. Experimental procedure - 10 pts Presentation of data, calculations, summary table of results - 20 pts Discussion and concluding comments - 15 pts Results (total of 50 pts.) Accuracy and precision Correct number of significant figures Reminder: Always report the average and the average deviation for multiple determinations Latest Penalty: Your laboratory notebook will be collected three times during the course of the semester for the purpose of grading. Although an announcement will be made at least two weeks in advance of the date when laboratory notebooks are due, it is to your advantage to finish writing up the results of your laboratory work as soon as possible after each laboratory exercise has been completed. A 10% lateness penalty will be imposed for each week that a laboratory notebook is turned in late. Any student who does not turn in a completed laboratory notebook at the end of the semester will automatically receive a final grade of.

CHEMISTRY 118, PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY SPRING 2018

CHEMISTRY 118, PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY SPRING 2018 CHEMISTRY 118, PRINCIPLES O CHEMISTRY SPRING 2018 instructor: Jeffrey L. Petersen, Professor office: 257 CRL personal e-mail address: jpeterse@wvu.edu MIX e-mail address: jpeterse@mix.wvu.edu www address: