Sergio Machado Corrêa. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro September 9, 2013

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1 Sergio Machado Corrêa Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

2 ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY GASEOUS PHASE LIQUID PHASE aerosol SOLID PHASE Absorption Absorption Reflection Absorption Reflection Energetic balance Population health

3 Focus on ozone (3º most important GHG) Ozone is formed from CO, CH 4, NOx, VOC and sunlight Indirect effect of CO on OH-CH 4 -O 3 equilibrium Except H 2 O and CO 2, all other species are removed by chemical reactions Main route is the reaction with OH e HO 2 at troposphere N 2 O, PFC, SF 6, CFC and halons are removed at stratosphere

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5 Moss et al. Nature 2010

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8 CTM Institution Authors GISS Goddard Institute for Space Studies - NASA Shindell/Grenfell HGEO Harvard University Bey /Jacob HGIS Harvard University Mikley / Jacob IASB Belgium Institute for Space Aeronomy Müller KNMI Utrech Royal Netherlands meteorological Institute Van Weele MOZ1 NCAR/CNRS Hauglustaine/Brasseuer MOZ2 NCAR Horowitz/Brasseur MPIC Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry Kuhlmann/Lawrence UCI University of California - Irvive Wild UIO University of Oslo Berntsen UIO2 University of Oslo Sundet UKMO UK Metereological Office Stevenson ULAQ Universita degli Studi L Aquila Pitari UCAM University of Cambridge Plantevin/Johnson

9 Increase on tropospheric ozone from 3000 to 2100 for July Different Results

10 PROCESSOS HETEROGÊNEOS PROCESSOS HOMOGÊNEOS DEPOSIÇÃO E RESSUSPENSÃO REMOÇÃO REAÇÕES FOTOQUÍMICAS REAÇÕES TÉRMICAS PROCESSOS DE AEROSSOIS PROCESSOS DE DEPOSIÇÃO EMISSÕES ANTROPOGÊNICAS TRANSFORMAÇÃO EMISSÕES NATURAIS FONTES MODELO MATEMÁTICO CONCENTRAÇÕES PREVISTAS EMISSÕES EXTERIORES TRANSPORTE TOPOGRAFIA RUGOSIDADE TURBULÊNCIA CAMADA DE INVERSÃO RADIAÇÃO SOLAR TEMPERATURA VENTOS COBERTURA DE NUVENS CHUVAS

11 : aerosol chemistry and microphysics packages : and the atmospheric chemistry model : MPI atmospheric general circulation model Suitable for climate changes Used by several international groups INPE has support from MPI and NCAR

12 Model for OZone And Related chemical Tracers Focus on ozone modeling (chemistry and transport) Extended for stratosphere and mesosphere Developed by: NCAR: National Center for Atmospheric Research GFDL: Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory MPI: Max Planck Institute for Meteorology

13 Brasseur et al MOZART Horowitz et al MOZART2 Kinnison et al MOZART3 Emmons et al MOZART4 Improvements: Chemical mechanism Photolysis Dry deposition Detailed biogenic emissions Considers tropospheric aerosols

14 Typical horizontal resolution: 2.8 x 2.8 or 311 x 311 km Vertical levels: 28 upon 2 hpa Can be simulated with different resolutions Memory and processing capacity Input resolution Full chemical study: 0.7 x 0.7 (77,8 x 77,8 km)

15 O + OH O 2 r = 2.2 x exp(120/T) CH 3 COOOH + OH 0.5 CH 3 CO HCHO H 2 O r = peroxide acetic acid acetyl peroxide formaldehyde NO 2 + hn NO + O N 2 O 5 + H 2 O 2 HNO 3

16 Cooperation with NCAR, MPI and India established INPE users authorized Model downloaded and installed Simulations are being performed for training Simulations for 1 year: 10 hours using 144 CPUs of TUPÃ Experimental data are being collected to be compared with simulated data

17 MODELED OBSERVED

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23 Simulations for known scenarios (validation) Understand HAMMOZ modules Understand HAMMOZ-ECHAM coupling Coupling HAMMOZ-BESM Simulation in low resolution Biogenic and anthropogenic emissions adjustment MPI INPE Inclusion of chemical reactions for Brazilian scenario (CNG, ethanol, biodiesel ) Simulations in high resolution Scenario studies (impact of hydroelectric, cities expansion, increase of ethanol and biodiesel use, gasoline and diesel reformulation) Continuous validation against experimental data and with other models

24 Débora Alvim Diego Enoré Silvio Nilo Figueroa Enver Ramirez Sergio Machado Correa